Sociology, Socialization and Personality

7/30/2019 Sociology, Socialization and Personality

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SOCIOLOGY, SOCIALIZATION AND

PERSONALITY


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As members of society, we are always interacting with the world around

us. Throughout our lives we learn from others, developing as individuals

and as part of a group. Start thinking about your own social development.

How did you acquire the knowledge and the skills listed below? Were you

taught by one particular person or by several? Were you taught in aformal way, through lessons, or in a less structured manner? Record your

point-form answers in your notebook to the following questions below...

HOW TO TALK

HOW TO CO-OPERATE IN GAMES

KNOWLEDGE OF CURRENT AFFAIRS

HOW TO READ AND WRITE

TABLE MANNERS AND ETIQUETTEHOW TO EARN A LIVING

HOW TO ENJOY LEISURE TIME

HOW TO RELATE TO A FUTURE MATE


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SOCIOLOGY

The scientific study of people in groups therelationships and the social structures theydevelop.

Social psychology the study ofindividuals within their social and cultural

setting; examines how society influenceshuman mental processes and how itcontributes to the development of individualbehaviours & personalities.


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RESEARCH METHODS

Sociologists use statistical analysis to interprettheir data (surveys, census, questionnaires etc)

Websites like Stats Canada provide us with

statistics to analyze the changes necessary insociety.

Follow the Inquiry Model as well as, participant-observation, interviews, etc. to conduct

research. Demographics the study of human

populations; useful in determining the needsand/or trends of a particular segment of society.


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THEY CONSIDER QUESTIONS LIKE....

Who can provide the info? How many peopleinvolved?

What kind of info is needed? broad or detailedanswers

Are there relationships or variable that need tobe considered?

How much certainty or reliability is needed?(statistical or descriptive)

How much research time is needed?(Longitudinal study or one set of observations)

Is one case sufficient or is it better to sample a

variety of situations, ethnicities, etc?


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SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT...

1. Structural Functionalism:

2. Conflict Theory:

3. Feminist Theory:

4. Symbolic Interactionism:The Symbolic Interactionism Movie(3:45mins)

Structural Functionalism (10mins)

Conflict theory (4:30mins)

Introduction to Feminism (5:20mins)

This is what a Feminist looks like...
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-p1Yvx4bPU&feature=fvwrelhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-p1Yvx4bPU&feature=fvwrelhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q4Bn52yuKy4&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6XgPD8d3hT0http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3YA13GNT8Mchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3YA13GNT8Mchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6XgPD8d3hT0http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q4Bn52yuKy4&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-p1Yvx4bPU&feature=fvwrelhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGYhttp://youtu.be/Ql0XPwtfFGY


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WHAT IS SOCIALIZATION?

We learn through social contact; it teaches ushow to think and act in certain ways

Nature vs. Nurture Debate how much of who

were are is genetic? And how much isenvironment? Twin studies

Harry Harlows Rhesus Monkeys

Abnormal Socialization: Isolated / Feral children

Child Abuse & violence


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PERSONALITY

A usual way of thinking, feeling and acting thatis unique to an individual;

Our socialization process contributes to our

personality (i.e. How we are influenced helpsdetermine who we become) Temperament

Learned behaviours

Culture and Geography Gender

Birth order


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The Positive...

The Negative...
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQ3d3KigPQMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzsLz7s9q40http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzsLz7s9q40http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQ3d3KigPQM


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A SOCIAL GROUP IS TWO OR MORE WHO

HAVE THESE FOUR CHARACTERISTICS...

They interact regularly & influence each

other

They believe they have something in

common

They have an informal or formal social

structure with leaders & followers (roles,

status & hierarchy)

They have group consensus on certain

values, behaviours and goals.


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TYPES OF GROUPS...

Primary group: a small, emotionally close,

interdependent group who know each other

well (e.g. Family and close friends)

Secondary group: a larger, more

impersonal group with similar interests,

goals, limited in formation (e.g. Co-workers,band members, etc)


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ROLES WE PLAY...

We all play certain rolesin society thisis referred to as status

STATUSis the term used to describe our

position within an institution

E.g. There are many roles at Nelson ranging

from teacher, vice-principal, guidancecounsellor, custodian, student,superintendent, principal Can you putthem in order in terms of hierarchy?


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HIERARCHY

Hierarchy is the ranking system used in anyparticular environment based on authority orpower.

Each position or role requires a certain type ofexpertise which is valued by society

In order to distinguish between these rolespeople are expected to dress & act in a certain

way On any given day, we can play many different

roles : A parent can drive their kids to school,go to work, and then coach a soccer team.


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RULES, NORMS AND VALUES

Values society carries with it a system of

values. A particular set of values are

assigned to each role. The practitioners of

these roles are expected to accept andinternalize these values.

Norms these are rules set out for a

particular role that are considered standardbehaviours (Catholic Priests are expected to

be celibate).

Rules these are developed by cultures

based on their system of values.


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DEVIANCE

Any behaviour that is different from the societal

norm. It is deviant because we, as a society do not

accept it. Deviance can range from simple

eccentricities to behaviour that harms society or is

considered disreputable.


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THE ASCH EXPERIMENT IN GROUPCONFORMITY

http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=TYIh4MkcfJA

Revealed the power of groups to shape

thinking

Conformity: changing opinions or

behaviours to match those of anotherperson or group
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYIh4MkcfJAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYIh4MkcfJAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYIh4MkcfJAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYIh4MkcfJA


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BREACHING EXPERIMENTS

Breaking the Social Norms...

...purposefully breaking the unwritten rules ornorms of a group in order to understand howpeople make sense of their society & learn

about the world around them.

E.g. Walking backward up a flight of stairs in apublic space or standing to eat a meal at a

restaurant.

Stanley Milgrams Subway Experiments...


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KEY TERMS:

Psycholog ica l A ccu l turat ion:change in thecultural behaviour & thinking of a person orgroup of people through contact with anotherculture.

Obedience:the act or habit of doing what oneis told, usually by someone in authority.

Chameleon Effect:the mimicking of the bodylanguage of a person with whom we are

interacting. GroupThink:the effects of collective pressure

on the decision-making abilities of individualmembers of a group, which may lead to

conformity


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EIGHT SYMPTOMS OF GROUPTHINK:

1. Illusion of invulnerability encourages

taking risks

2. Collective efforts to rationalize decisions

3. Belief in the groups inherent morality

ignoring the ethical or moral consequences

4. Stereotyped views of enemy leaders

5. Direct pressure on members who express

opposing viewpoints


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CONTINUED

6. Self-censorship of deviations from the

apparent group consensus

7. A shared illusion of unanimity

8. The emergence of self-appointed

mindguards members who protect the

group from adverse & contradicting

information


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Bystander Effect a concept used to explainwhy the larger the number of people in a group,the less likely it is that individuals will react.

Example:

On Christmas Day 2010, a U.K. womanannounced on FB that she had taken many pills

and would soon be dead. Some of her 1082friends comment on her status, yet none called

for help or went to check on her. Her lifelessbody was discovered the next day


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Sociology, Socialization and Personality