Upload
olathe
View
21
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Sociology. The study of society and social behaviour. What role do social institutions have in society?. The groups to which an individual belongs will determine the roles and expectations that he/she will value and emulate in his/her private life. Feminism. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Sociology
The study of society and social behaviour.
What role do social institutions have in
society?
The groups to which an individual belongs will
determine the roles and expectations that he/she will value and emulate in
his/her private life.
Feminism
Patterns of social inequality are based on
gender.
Dorothy Smith(1926-)
Structural Functionalism
Identifies and explains the systems and structures that govern society and
assesses how the needs of the individuals are met by
society.
Emile Durkheim(1858-1917)
Marxism
Economic production and material wealth
constitute real power in society and are the
basis for most relationships in society.
Karl Marx(1864-1920)
Psychology
The study of the human mind, behaviours,
emotions, cognitive processes and
personality.
What is intelligence?
Behaviour is both learned and innate. Both factors influence and shape how individuals will behave, feel, act, or respond to
external stimuli.
Learning Theory
B.F. Skinner(1904-1990)
Learning can alter the way an individual
interprets the world around him or her and can lead to permanent behavioural changes.
Behaviourism
John B. Watson(1878-1958)
Takes a scientific approach to change, relying on
observing behaviour and then controlling behaviour
through positive and negative stimuli.
Psychoanalytic Theory
Sigmund Freud(1856-1939)
Understanding the conscious and
unconscious parts of the mind to change
behaviours and motivations.
The inability to balance both parts of the mind can lead to frustration
and may affect behaviour negatively.
Anthropology
The study of the human species and its origins
and the development of its language and
culture.
How did humans learn to manipulate their
environment?
Understanding our origins will help explain
how we live, communicate, and interact with our
environment.
Cultural Materialism
The physical materials, conditions, and economic
activity within an environment determine
how ideas and ideology of a culture develop.
Cultural change occurs within a framework of
three levels: infrastructure, structure, and
superstructure.
Marvin Harris(1927-2001)
Functionalism
The function of beliefs and institutions in a
society is to meet the needs of the majority of
its members.
Change occurs by consensus, based on
shared values and norms.
Branislaw Malinowski (1884-1942)
Acculturation
The process of contact, exposure, and exchange of ideas between different cultures that result in
adaptations & changes to both groups.
Diffusion
The spread of a cultural trait from one society to another through social contact.
Qualitative data
Numerical results
45 brunettes and blonds received job interviews, only 5 redheads received interviews.
Qualitative Data
Analysis is based on interpreting the
meaning of information; considered more
subjective.
Norms
Expectations of appropriate conduct
that serve as the basis of all social interactions.