SOCIOLINGUISTICS PERSPECTIVES ON THE EUROPEAN MULTICULTURAL

LANDSCAPE

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ORIGINS…

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POINT OF VIEW: MACRO AND VARIATIONAL SOCIOLINGUISTICS Macro:Sociolinguistics merits out attention just insofar as it

signals an effort to change the practice of linguistics and other disciplines, because their present practice perpetuates a fragmented , incomplete understanding of humanity. Sociolinguisics, so conceived, is an attempt to rethink received categories and assumptions as to the bases of linguistic work, and as to the place of language in human life.” Hymes, D. (1974).

Variational “(…)an approach to the study of language that is called "sociolinguistics, " a scientific study based on the recording and measurement of (…) that is mapping changes in the English language through all of North America, for both mainstream and minority communities

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MULTIPLE LANDSCAPES

New debate Old concept Political implications Cultural debate Linguistic

representations Social landscapes Cosmopolitanism Multiculturalism Diversity Plurality

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LANDSCAPES: SOME LITERATURE

LINGUISTIC

Emerging field of study and a new interest of applied linguists focusing on the use of written texts such as billboards, posters, street and traffic signs, shop and product names, advertisements, posters, electronic flat-panel displays, etc.

 Existing research on linguistic of languages, contestation of space, mapping diversity, linguistic models, language awareness, language ecology, economic analyses, language policy and management, among others.

‘linguistic pollution’. The absence or the presence of certain languages, and thus their speakers, can be meaningful.

http://www.aau.edu.et/ll4/

CULTURAL

Certain sites reflect specific techniques of land use that guarantee and sustain biological diversity. Others, associated in the minds of the communities with powerful beliefs and artistic and traditional customs, embody an exceptional spiritual relationship of people with nature.

To reveal and sustain the great diversity of the interactions between humans and their environment, to protect living traditional cultures and preserve the traces of those which have disappeared, these sites, called cultural landscapes, have been inscribed on the World Heritage List.

Cultural landscapes (…)testify to the creative genius, social development and the imaginative and spiritual vitality of humanity. They are part of our collective identity.

http://whc.unesco.org/en/culturallandscape/

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MULTICULTURALISM IN EUROPE: THE DIVERSITY

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THE ADVERSITY The notion of Nation-States Economic dispair The lack of education The lack of memory In France: «   "Les ravages

du multicuturalisme", "l'islamisation de l‘Europe" et son renoncement à "l'affirmation de ses racines chrétiennes".

Shock in Norway following the Utoeya killing by Anders Breivik

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LE MASSACRE DES INNOCENTS …WORLDWIDE

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COSMOPOLITANISM

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THE NEW AND THE OLD….IA

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  rise of globalism for the social sciences.

‘normative’ or ‘philosophical’ cosmopolitanism

growing interdependence and interconnection of

social actors across national boundaries

the rise of a global public arena resulting from the reactions to the unintended side effects (risks) of modernization;

Interdependence Day, L.A., 8-10 September 2012

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A cosmopolitan perspective allows us to go beyond International Relations and to analyse a multitude of interconnections not only between states but also between actors on other levels; third, a denationalized social science can research into the global inequalities that are hidden by the traditional focus on national inequality and its legitimation; finally, everyday or banal cosmopolitanism on the level of cultural consumption and media representation leads to a growing awareness of the relativity of one's own social position and culture in the global arena.

Beck, U. (2004). "Cosmopolitical Realism: On the Distinction between Cosmopolitanism in Philosophy and the Social Sciences." Global Networks 4(2): 109-225 Beck, U. (2006.). Qu’est-ce que le cosmopolitisme ? Paris, Aubier.

WHAT WE SEE AND WHAT IT MEANS…

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WHAT EXACTLY ARE WE GOING TO HARVEST?

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THINK BEFORE TEARING DOWN THE ESSENCE OF OUR CULTURAL IDENTITY

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WHERE IS THIS LEADING US TO?

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LANGSCAPES

This is the “true” web of life: the interlinked diversity of nature and culture. We call it “biocultural diversity” —the multi-faceted expression of the beauty and potential of life Diversity in both nature and culture confers

vitality and resilience to this planet, our home, for present and future generations.

http://www.terralingua.org

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Allievi, S. ( 2003). Multiculturalism in Europe. Muslims in Europe Post 9/11: Understanding and Responding to the Islamic World, St Antony's College, Oxford.

Hymes, D. (1974). Foundations in Sociolinguistics: An Ethnographic Approach. Philadelphia,, University of Pennsylvania Press.

Labov (1997). Testimony on "Ebonics" given January 23rd before the Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services and Education of the Senate Appropriations Committee. Washington, Senate.

Romaine, S. (1994). Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Oxford, Oxford University Press.

Spolsky, B. (1999). Sociolinguistics. Oxford, Oxford University Press. Trudgill, P. (1974). Sociolinguistics: An introduction to Language and Society.

London, Penguin Books. Wardhaugh, R. (1986). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Oxford, Basil Blackwell. Wiley, T. G. (1996). Language Planning and Policy. Sociolinguistics and Lnaguage

Teaching. S. L. McKay and N. H. Hornberger. New York, Cambridge University Press: 103-147.

Williams, G. (1992). Sociolinguistics: A Sociological Critique. London, , Routledge. Wright, S. (1994). "The Contribution of Sociolinguistics." Current Issues in

Language and Society 1(1-6). WEBSITES: Cosmopolitanism.wordpress.com http://europeanmulticulturallandscapes.blogspot.com/

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