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7/30/2019 Socio-Economic Empowerment of Rural Poor Bihar
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Socio-economic Empowerment of Rural Poor
through
Sustainable Community Institutions in Bihar
JEEViKA
Bihar Rural Livelihoods Promotion Society (BRLPS) -
State Rural Livelihoods Mission (SRLM)
Government of Bihar
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Bihar : Background
Bihar Area - 2.8% of India, population - 8% of the country 81% depend on agriculture - 70% small & marginal farmers
Average landholding - 0.07-0.22 ha & usually no irrigation
Average food security - for 4-5 months for small holders
CD ratio 32%, much below the national average of 73% 54.4% live Below Poverty Line
Non-existence of complementary community institutions to
participate in development process
Low investment by formal sector leading to poor accessing credit
at exorbitant interest rate from informal sources
Lower productivity alienated small holders, increasing
uncultivated land & food insecurity
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JEEViKA : at a Glance BRLPS registered in 2006 & project JEEViKA started in
October 2007.
Outreach : Rural Poor HHs 7.5 lakh in 55 Blocks of 9 districts.
Mission: Social & Economic Empowerment of Rural Poor
through self managed community institutions of women Effective BRLPS Executive Committee: headed by Dev. Comm.
Systematic Pro poor targeting model & Saturation approach
Building Social CapitalCommunityCadre
Convergence with Line Depts, Business relationship with
Bankers & Partnership with service provider agencies
Exclusive system development in COM, Fin. & Admin,
procurement, HR manual & its continuous updating
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JEEViKA :Vision
Each SHG member should
have accessed cumulative credit of Rs. 1 Lakh.
have retired all high cost debt .
have Invested a major part of credit in a basket of incomegenerating activities (2 or 3 livelihoods).
have generated income Rs. 10,000 / pm (incremental).
Have substantially reduced expenditure on health and becomefood secured throughout the year.
come out of poverty in 5 to 7 years time frame
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JEEViKA : Objective
Self Managed SHGsestablished, covering at least80% of the target household
At least 50% of those whohave received CIF have
increased income by at least30% of the baseline
At least 50% of SHG membershave reduced high cost debtsfrom informal sources
Creating self managedcommunity institutions ofpoorest of the poor and
poor households.
Enhancing incomethrough sustainablelivelihoods.
Increasing access to socialprotection including foodsecurity through agreater voice.
Social & Economic Empowermentof the Rural Poor through :
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JEEViKA : Presence
YEAR Block Cum. Block District BRLP BKRFP SRLM
2006 5 5 5 5 0 0
2007 13 18 6 13 0 0
2009 26 44 8 24 2 0
2010 11 55 9 0 11 0
2012 113 168 38 60 0 53
168 168 38 102 13 53
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Block Project Implementation Unitsa Team consisting of Block Project Manager, Area Coordinators, and
Community Coordinators
District Project Coordination UnitDistrict Project Manager supported with specialists
State Project Management UnitPD cum CEO supported by thematic experts & support staffs
Cadre ofCommunity Resource Persons,Book Keepers and Community Mobilisers
Dedicated SocietyGeneral Body and Executive Committee
JEEViKA : Dedicated Support Structure
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JEEViKA: Institutional Architecture
-
2
CBLF
BLF
VO
Members
PG
CLF
6% Interest
SHG
12% Interest
24% Interest
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JEEViKA : Components1. Community Institutions Development
Formation & Strengthening ofa. SHGs and its Federations
b. Producers Groups
2. Community Investment Fund
a. Initial Capitalization Fundb. Livelihood Fund
c. Health Risk Fund and Food Security Fund
3. Special Technical Assistance and Development Fund
a. MF Investment & Technical Assistance (MITA)
b. Innovations & Partnership with NGOs
4. Project Management
a. HR Management
b. Monitoring and Evaluation
c. Communication
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Institutional
Platforms of the Poor
(SHGs & Federations)
Food Security
Land Leasing
Productivity Enhancement
Food Rations from PDS
Collective Purchase of Food
Access to Entitlements
BPL Cards
PDS Cards
Job Cards
Social Pensions
Financial Inclusion
Savings, Credit
Insurance
Remittances
Help Desks at Banks
Banking Correspondents
Productivity Enhancement
Agriculture (SRI, SWI, PVSP)
Dairy & Small Ruminants
Bee Keeping
Fisheries , Makhana
Non-farm incl. Art & Crafts
Health Security
Health Savings
Loans from Health Risk Fund
Women Outreach Workers
Mobile Clinics
JEEViKA : Framework
Market Access
Collective Marketing
Producer Companies
Market Partnerships
Jobs and Skill
Development
Livelihood s Enhancement
Vulnerabi l i ty Reduct ion
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JEEViKA : Key Features
SelfExclusion Targeting Model & Saturation approach
Building Social Capital - CommunityCadre
Working on both - Demand & Supply
Dedicated support structure
Investment in capacity building & performance monitoring
Convergence with Line Departments, business relationship
with bankers & partnership with service provider agencies.
Exclusive system development & its continuous updating
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JEEViKA : Journey of Nirmala Devi, Shekhwara
Before joining SHG: Landless Mahadalit, got 1 acre Bhudan land - low-productive
Family - Husband & 3 Sons
Average 15 days/month daily labour
2 quintal of rice/annum (Rs. 2000)
Incurred high cost debt of 10,000 @ 120%/annum
Mortgaged half of her land
As the interest was rising, sold the only cow & repaid 5500
Lost all hopes
Joined Suraj SHG in 2006 motivated by CRPs from AP
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JEEViKA : Journey of Nirmala Devi, ShekhwaraAfter Joining SHG:
Took 3 small loans from savings: 200, 300 & 500 for health needs
Took 5000 from ICF to start a grocery shop, earning 2000/month
Two sons trained under DRF & earn 150/day for 15 days/month
She is a senior CRP now, moves out to mobilise and earns also
She cleared all high cost debts and mortgaged land
Husband tried SRI and got 5 quintal amounting Rs. 5000
Her family income raised from 1500 to 7000/month Gets regular food grains - right price & quantity from VO run PDS
Set to take another loan to settle her last son in business/dairy
Great difference she feels is a debt free, tension free happy life
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Social Inclusion
6.1
41.2
14.6
3.2
34.9
General
BC
EBC
ST
SC
TARGETING
General BC EBC ST SC
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JEEViKA : PROGRESSS.N. Parameters Achievement (till June,12)
1. No of HH Mobilized into SHG fold 771693
2. No of SHG formed 59105
3. No of VO formed 3795
4. No of CLF Formed 36
5. No of SHGs having Bank Account 43140
6. No of Groups recd. ICF 37415
7. No of SHGs Linked with Banks 26877
8. Amount Mobilized from Bank (Rs in crore) 137.47
9. No of Youth Placed 2600
10. No. of SHG members in Livelihoods intervention 192000
11. No of DCS Formed 234
11. No. of VOs Participated in the Food Security 2012
12. No. of VOs Participated in Health Risk Intervention 2314
13. No of SHG member linked with Social Security 32859
14. No of SHG member linked with the Insurance 123000
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JEEViKA : IMPACT Sample 2666 HHs completed 3 years, shown the following results-
49%
90%
34%29%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Repaid High Cost
Debts
Improved Food
Security
Increased Land
Access
Increased Livestock
Access
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SIGNATURE LITERACY
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JEEViKA : IMPACT
HHs showed better saving habit in Treatment Villages ----- 58% more
HHs taking High Cost debts in Control Villages ----- 2.67 times more
HHs likely to invest their loans in Livestock's in Treatment Villages- 2.4 times more
177% HHs increased their ownership of Bullocks.
59% HHs increased their ownership of Cows.
ECONOMIC EFFECTS
27% HHs faced lower food shortage in Treatment Villages
FOOD SECURITY
33% more women can sign & 4% more women could read in Treatment Villages.
5% more Women participated in Panchayat meeting in Treatment Villages.
5% more Women visited Health Centers.
EMPOWERMENT
Sample 4000 HHs - 400 villages completed 3 years, shown the following
results-
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Exposure of the Project
Her Excellency, Honorable President of India, Mrs. Pratibha Patils Presidents
Secretariat has invited JEEViKA on 11th August 2010 for presentation on rainfedfarming : its opportunities and challenges with specific reference to System of Rice
Intensification (SRI) and System of Wheat Intensification (SWI).
The World Bank President Mr. B. Zoellickand Country Director Mr. Roberto Zeiga
visited the Project and met community members from the project.
A NATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SCI was organised by the Project in which Prof.
Norman Thomas Uphoff from Cornell University, USA; Dr. Erika Styger with
experience of working in Africa and Ms. Susan Burnell Edwards, Director-Institute
for Sustainable Development-Addis Ababa, Ethiopia have participated.
The Project was honored by the SKOTCH CHALLENGER AWARD for livelihoods
intervention.
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JEEViKA : Positive Factors
Display of leadership / Team Work: Pilot of all interventions with small numbers in a focused manner
Expert agency/Special spearhead teams to undertake the pilot
Based on learnings, refinement made in implementation strategy
Standard guideline prepared for scaling up
Sustainability factor:
Institutions managed by the community
Financial viability over time
Active Sub-committees in the VOs
CRP Strategy
Community professionals as driving force
Web Enabled MIS:
o For effective monitoring of outcome indicators
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Block Project Implementation Unitsa Team consisting of Block Project Manager, Area Coordinators, and
Community Coordinators
District Project Coordination UnitDistrict Project Manager supported with specialists
State Project Management UnitPD cum CEO supported by thematic experts & support staffs
Cadre ofCommunity Resource Persons,Book Keepers and Community Mobilisers
Dedicated SocietyGeneral Body and Executive Committee
JEEViKA : Dedicated Support Structure
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JEEViKA : Sustainable CBOs
Formation of CBOs and their quality nurturing Mobilisation starts from the poorest hamlets
Focus on vulnerable sections like SCs, STs, minorities, differently able,
landless, migrants, isolated HHs etc
Formation of quality SHGs based on affinity & neighbourhood
Standardized COM, Training modules etc for intensive capacitybuilding of the SHGs and their federations
Development of livelihood groups (Producer Groups) and their
federations (Producer Cooperatives/Companies)
Creating the federations as centre point of all entitlements
Block Level Federation to act as sustainable community managed
agency in a span of 5-7 years
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JEEViKA : Sustainable CBOs
CBOs to be self managed, supported by community cadresi. Taking support of Community Resource Persons (CRP):
o Selected & trained best practising members mobilise in new areas
o CRPs as agents of change & no dependence on outside factor
o Development of Master Trainer CRPs for training by the community
ii. Knowledge Rooting at Community Level:
Social assets - cadre of Community Mobilizers and Book Keepers
Community managed extension system in agriculture VRPs
The federations monitor & release payment to community cadres
Sub committees function to plan, execute and monitor activities
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JEEViKA : Financial Inclusion
Financial assistance to the poor through Capitalization: Uniform books of records
Participative Micro Planning (MP) at community level
Community Investment Fund (CIF) for capitalization
Range of requirements kept open ended and as per MP
Debt reduction & mitigate other vulnerabilities
Designing of financial products :
Health Risk Fund
Food Security Fund
Streamlining Mainstream Bank Finance: Partnership (MOUs) with Commercial Banks & RRBs
Banks came forward to facilitate the process Financial Inclusion
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JEEViKA : Financial Inclusion
Exposure Visit of Branch level & Senior Officials of Banks Improving quality of service delivery by setting up Bank
Mitra-Help Desks at branches
Bank Mitras are community members trained to facilitate banking
procedures at the branches for SHG members
It reduced banking time for the poor
Ratification of Bank Mitra policy by SLBC
Formation of a Steering Committee of SLBC on SHG financing
and Financial Inclusion Enhancing the credit limit ofSHGs to minimum of Rs. 50,000/-
Ensuring issuance of directions from different Banks HOs
Ensuring timely supply of stationery from Banks for SHGs
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JEEViKA : Reduction of Vulnerability
Strategies for Enhancing Food Security
i. Productivity enhancement in cereal crops
ii. Community managed Food Security Mechanism (FSF)
iii. Enhancing access and management of PDS by the CBOs
Strategies to enhance Health Security
i. Dedicated financial product for Health (HRF and its saving)
ii. Service at doorstep by Women Outreach Workers
iii. Access to the public health facilities (Community Clinics)
Strategies to enhance Entitlements
i. VOs facilitated to access Social Security Schemes
ii. Implementation of MGNREGA through community institutions
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JEEViKA : Integration with Livelihoods
Comprehensive agriculture intervention with small holders SRI, SWI & SCI, PVSP, Vermi Compost for productivity enhancement
Formation ofWomens Farmer Producer Companies
Promotion of Honey producers network
Organizing SHG HHs into Dairy Cooperative Societies
Fishery & Makhana: Mobilizing fisher-women in cooperatives
Cluster based approach for selected art & crafts sectors
Assessment of the skill gap and placement in jobs
Community Based Extension Mechanism : Key to success
Village Resource Person (VRP) is a local farmer identified by the VO
Conduct micro-plans & handhold 50 80 members in the entire cycle
Service charge designed to mobilize & motivate vulnerable sections
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HH levelIncome fromRs. 15-20 K
to 100 K
Financial Product,Awareness & access to
healthservices/entitlementsof Govt. through CBOs
CollectiveProcurement,
PublicDistribution
System,Productivity
Enhancement
Information sharing atCBO level, DemandDriven education-
Skilled, NREGS & otherprogrammes, Signatureto Functional Literacy
Financial Products,Demand Driven Land
/Pond Leasing,Assetization, Sellingmarketable surplusthrough CPC / PC /
DCS / Etc.
MGNREGS
14000/-AGRICULTURE 50000/-
DAIRY 24000/-
OFF/NON FARM
GOAT REARING /
POULTRY /
BEEKEEPING /FISHERY / SKILL
BUILDING 20000/-
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JEEViKA : Strategies : Project Management HR & OD :
o Multiple recruitment options: Open Market, Deputation, Internal
selection, Campus, Intern model
o Partnership with academic / training institutions for CB
o Staff deployment with tapering strategy linked with graduation of CBOs
M & E :
o Institution based MIS - Web-based monitoring system
o Qualitative measurement with Process Monitoring & Thematic Studies
o Concurrent management review, learning system and impact evaluation
KM / Communication & Governance / Accountability
o Use of new mediums with traditional channels for both Internal and
External Communication
o Integration of IT with CBOs for transparency & credibility
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JEEViKA : Innovativeness & Replicability
Learnings of JEEViKA incorporated in National RuralLivelihoods Mission (NRLM) Framework and Guidelines.
BRLPS designated as SRLM for rolling out NRLM in Bihar.
The model of JEEViKA approved for scaling up in the whole
state under NRLM targeting 1.25 Crore poor HHs. State Perspective and Implementation Plan (SPIP) for NRLM
approved by the State Cabinet and MoRD, GoI.
System of book keeping for CBOs is being accepted by Banks &
CSOs. Results of SRI pilots instrumental in GoB launching SRI
Kranthi in 3.5 lakh ha across the state.
BRLPS providing resource support to similar projects.
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JEEViKA : Key Results by 2021-22
Social Inclusion and Institution Building
1.25 Crore women mobilised, 10 Lakh SHGs, 65 Thousand VOs, 1600 CLFs
3.75 Lakh of Community Para Professionals providing services to CBOs
Financial Inclusion
3100 Crore in Savings & Rs. 12,000 Crore Credit from Banks
Atleast 70% SC/ST/Vulnerable HHs access funds
Vulnerability Reduction
Atleast 80% HHs improved Food Security
Atleast 50% HHs covered under Health Safety Net & Social Security
Schemes
Livelihoods Enhancement
Atleast 70% HHs achieved 40% increase in Income
Atleast 15 lakh jobs created with placement in formal & informal sectors
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Chief Minister Shri Nitish Kumar interacting with SHG at Gangapur Village, Muzaffarpur
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President World Bank Shri R. B. Zolleick interacting with community at Patna
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Minister RD, GoI Shri Jayram Ramesh interacting with VO at Shekhwara Village, Gaya
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British Parliamentary Committee discussing with households at Bhusia Village, Gaya
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Shri Norman UpHoff from Cornell University, US with SRI farmers in Ghantadih Village, Gaya
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Country Director, WB, Shri R. Zagha interacting with VO at Bhusia Village, Gaya
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THANK YOU
A Presentation by
JEEViKA :Bihar Rural Livelihoods Promotion Society
State Rural Livelihoods Mission, Bihar