22
Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL AND REMOTE MEDICINE COURSE ST. JOHN'S NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR APRIL 12 - 14, 2018 • 250 Dr. Sandra Allison PRINCE GEORGE • BC A VIEW INTO THE OPIOID CRISIS IN RURAL BC An overview of the opioid overdose crisis in Northern BC, characteristics unique to the north, and response activities to address the crisis. 1. Recognize the current status of the opioid crisis in Northern BC. 2.Identify characteristics specific to rural, remote and northern settings. 3. Identify actions that can be taken in rural, remote and northern settings to address the opioid overdose crisis.

Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    0

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL AND REMOTE MEDICINE COURSE

ST. JOHN'S NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR APRIL 12 - 14, 2018

• 250

Dr. Sandra Allison • PRINCE GEORGE • BC

A VIEW INTO THE OPIOID CRISIS IN RURAL BC An overview of the opioid overdose crisis in Northern BC, characteristics unique to the north, and response activities to address the crisis. 1. Recognize the current status of the opioid crisis in Northern BC. 2.Identify characteristics specific to rural, remote and northern settings. 3. Identify actions that can be taken in rural, remote and northern settings to address the opioid overdose crisis.

Page 2: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

1

A view into the Opioid Crisis in Rural BC

Dr. Sandra Allison, MPH CCFP FRCPC DABPM

Chief Medical Health Officer, Northern Health

(Acting) Chair, Rural, Remote, and Northern Public Health Network

President, Public Health Physicians of Canada

Northern Health Eating Disorders GP/Locum GP 

1

Conflict of Interest

• I have no pharmaceutical (or other) industry conflicts to disclose.

• I work for a regional health authority.

• As a public health and preventive medicine specialist my interest is in preventing disease, injury, and death, prolonging life and improving quality of life through health promotion and protection.

2

Page 3: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

2

Objectives 

• Understand the current status of the opioid crisis in Northern BC and characteristics and drivers.

• Identify actions that can be taken in rural, remote and northern settings to address the opioid overdose crisis.

3

Northern HealthGeography and Population

620 000 km2

54 First NationsOver 80 FN Communities GEOGRAPHY30 Municipalities3 HSDAs/ 17 LHAs288 000 people18% Status First Nations POPULATIONRegional Birth Cohort - 3400 childrenSchool DistrictsRCMP DistrictsRegional Districts and PARTNERSRegional Hospital Districts 4

Page 4: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

3

Epidemiological updateAmbulance – ER ‐ deaths

More illicit drug deaths in BC than any other unnatural cause of death

6

Page 5: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

4

Lower rate of death in NH vs. rest of BC, but still much higher than in the past

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Dea

ths

per

100,

000

peop

le p

er y

ear

Quarter (calendar year)

BC

NH

Illicit drug overdose death rate, NH vs BC, 2013-2017

7

8

Page 6: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

5

Overdose fatality rates by First Nations Status, by RHA, Jan 2015‐Jul 2016

9

Risk factors

• Demographic• Age 20‐59

• Male

• First Nations (most ODs occur in urban settings)

• Drug use pattern/context• Opioid use disorder, not on OAT

• Polysubstance use

• Using alone in a private residence

• Interruption and relapse (post‐detox or incarceration)

• Comorbidities• Mental health issues

• Chronic pain

• Social factors• Unemployment or construction trade employment

• Unstable housing

• Social isolation

• Disengagement from health care services

• History of trauma

10

Page 7: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

6

Key drivers• Pain

• Psychological and physical

• Often rooted in childhood trauma

• Stigma• Alienates and isolates people who use drugs

• Hampers political will to implement solutions

• Poorly addressed risk factors• Substance use disorder, mental health, chronic pain

• Inappropriate initiation and discontinuation of opioid prescriptions

• Social determinants of health• Poverty, homelessness, isolation, violence, discrimination, racism

• Unpredictable dosing with black market opioids • More potent substances as a consequence of prohibition (new!)

11

Analyses for response planning

• Most had prescription for LT opioids in the past, some had no Rx in past 5 y

• Most did not have an active Rx at time of OD

• Most pts had past prescriptions for psychotropic agents

• Most had no history of medications for treatment for SUD

• Pain related diagnoses WERE NOT more common amongst those who OD

• Most pts were highly engaged with the health system prior to OD, some had no contact at all. (16%)

• Seek to connect to SU treatment prior to OD

• Of those brought to ED, many left AMA

• Consider Harm reduction in facilities• Addressing subjective symptoms of pain and withdrawal

• Reduce actual and perceived stigma

12

Page 8: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

7

Crisis ResponseIn Rural, Remote, and Northern Settings

Provincial Overdose Emergency Response Centre (OERC)

On December 1, 2017, the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions  launched the new Overdose 

Emergency Response Centre

Purpose

• The emergency centre will have a strong focus on measures to prevent overdoses and provide life‐saving supports that are:

• on‐the‐ground

• locally driven and delivered

• action‐oriented

• rapidly implemented

14

Page 9: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

8

Refreshed Provincial Opioid Crisis response“Comprehensive Suite of Services”

Essential Health Sector Actions

Naloxone and overdose response training

Overdose prevention and supervised consumption services

Drug checking

Acute OD case management

Treatment services

Surveillance

Essential Actions for Supportive Environments

Social stabilization - income, housing, supportive relationships

Peer employment and engagement

Cultural safety

Addressing stigma, discrimination, and human rights

15

NH Opioid Crisis Response

• Regional Response Team • Monthly internal meetings

• Meet with provincial OERC once monthly

• 2 Community Action Teams• Funding flowing through CAI

• PG and FSJ

16

Page 10: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

9

NH Opioid Emergency Response Operational Model

Central FNHA

Regional FNHA

Local FNHA

• Health Directors

• Community Engagement Coordinator

17

Provincial/Regional

• CMHO

• MHSU Lead

HSDA

• MHOs

• Specialized Services Dir

Local

• HSA, CSM, PHRN

Detailed Operational Plan Implementation

Align current status and efforts to support provincial reporting and funding structures

Respond to community needs and readiness

Drug CheckingOverdose prevention and SCS

Includes NaloxoneTreatment interventions and supports 

including surgeHospital and ER department services

Pain ManagementProfessional Education

Data Analysis

Stipulate Precision across the Region

Stimulate Resonance at the Community

18

Page 11: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

10

Indigenous Peer Journey Map 

19

BC First Nations Health Authority Overdose/Opioid Response

20

1. Prevent people who overdose from dying 

Expanding Take‐Home Naloxone Training

2. Keep people safer when using 

Peer (people who use drugs) Engagement, Coordination & Navigation 

3. Create an accessible range of treatment options

Increasing access to Opioid Agonist Therapy (OAT) in rural & remote contexts 

Integrated First Nations Addictions Care Coordinator  

Intensive Case Management 

Clinical Pharmacy Services through Telehealth4. Support people on their healing journey

Unlocking the Gates‐Peer Corrections Mentoring Program 

Indigenous Harm Reduction Grant

Page 12: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

11

By the Numbers ‐ Distribution of Take Home Naloxone kitsNH, Jan 2015‐Sep 2017

15 20 27 45

192 220123

1268

608

1372

809

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3

2015 2016 2017

THN kits

Quarter (calendar year)

Shipped toNH sites

Dispensedto clients

21

ONE OD deathPrevented per

10 kits distributed

Naloxone Distribution and Training

• Large geography – difficult to provide face to face training• Developed online curriculum in Learning Hub for Naloxone training

• High staff turnover – difficult to keep staff trained• Part of (lengthy) required site specific training as part of scope of role, ER, Community health nursing

• Staff shortages – hard to prioritize this training over other more critical functions

• Ensure backups where possible

• Variable overdose rates and perspectives on the crisis – it is hard to be in a crisis for 2 years

• Continued messaging and updates to ensure top of mind

22

Page 13: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

12

23

Supervised Consumption and Overdose Prevention• Proposed models designed on urban experience

• Continue to modify (rural‐proof) the models to meet rural needs

• Process for SCS approval is lengthy and iterative, resource intense• Continue with Overdose Prevention Sites as per Ministerial Order

• Bricks and mortar development is not feasible in large rural, under resourced communities

• Advocate for SC Services as a standard of care to be provided by health care providers

24

Page 14: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

13

Drug Checking

• Provision of colorimetric strips for detection of fentanyl requires basic training for interpretation

• Staff onsite provide the education

• Spread to other sites requires development of Learning Hub training materials

• FTIR spectrometry detection at selected high volume sites

• Expensive technology impractical when low volumes

25

Acute OD Risk Case Management

• Develop Standardized approach to: Responding to an overdose presentation in Emergency Rooms

Responding to an overdose presentation by BCAS including follow‐up

/ Offer education on Take home Naloxone 

Rapid Initiation of OAT in emergent settings as appropriate

Routine follow‐up by Mental Health/Substance Use clinicians 

26

Page 15: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

14

By the numbers ‐ Consumption of OAT by RHA, Jan 2010‐Aug 2016

Interior

FraserVCH

VIHA

Northern

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Morphine Equivalent (m

g) per Cap

ita 

27

Treatment Interventions and Supports 

• Identify and address the gaps and barriers to service 

• Strengthen leadership in Addictions Medicine• Regional Leadership in place

• Sub‐regional nodes in development

• Improve spectrum of services through program planning• Address the full scope of addictions care from detox, treatment, maintenance

• Ensure adequate providers in place, skill up NPs for suboxone

• Increasing access to OAT through• Developing strong collaboration with primary care

• Design processes for provider supports

• Virtual care where needed, local providers preferred28

Page 16: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

15

Pain Management

• Northern Health’s Chronic Pain Strategy treats chronic pain as a chronic disease with most patients’ needs being met at the community and primary care levels. 

• The Strategy proposes building capacity in the lowest levels of care and so as to reserve access to higher levels of care only for cases where it is deemed appropriate when appropriate.

29

Data Analysis – Surveillance

• Reliable information based on complete reporting is crucial in helping NH appropriately direct attention to communities with higher number of overdoses. 

• Data will be used to inform decisions and actions to direct care and services 

• Includes Epidemiologist and Outcomes Analyst

30

Page 17: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

16

Social stabilization ‐ income, housing, supportive relationships

• Community Action Team initiative through the Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions, OERC and partners

• Identify the underlying social drivers of the crisis

• Bring the appropriate partners and influencers together

• Encourage action by partners to address the drivers

31

Peer employment and engagement

• Ensure interventions meet the needs of the population served

• Engage peers in planning and implementing activities to address the crisis

• Value the effort of peers through appropriate remuneration

32

Page 18: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

17

Cultural Safety

• Ongoing investment in cultural safety training of staff in community and facility

• Exploration of Trauma informed care for emergency room staff

33

Addressing stigma, discrimination, and human rights

34

Page 19: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

18

Professional Education and Training 

This is a cornerstone to the overdose prevention and response efforts. NH wants to ensure that there is: 

• Increased access to staff with competency in substance use treatment

• Increase in peer engagement in planning and service delivery for substance use treatment

• Decrease in discrimination for people who use substances

• Increase in harm reduction supply distribution and education

• Funding to support new Clinical Education Resource positions and to support Anti‐Stigma Campaigns

35

Refreshed Provincial Opioid Crisis response“Comprehensive Suite of Services”

Essential Health Sector Actions

Naloxone and overdose response training

Overdose prevention and supervised consumption services

Drug checking

Acute OD case management

Treatment services

Surveillance

Essential Actions for Supportive Environments

Social stabilization - income, housing, supportive relationships

Peer employment and engagement

Cultural safety

Addressing stigma, discrimination, and human rights

36

Addresses the Emergency Addresses Drivers

Page 20: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

19

Lastly, the impact of Poverty, Inequality and Distress

37

38

Page 21: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

20

39

40

Page 22: Society of Rural Physicians of Canada 26TH ANNUAL RURAL ... · Microsoft PowerPoint - 250 - A View Into The Opioid Crisis In Rural BC.pptx Author: AmandaY Created Date: 4/26/2018

4/26/2018

21

Objectives 

• Understand the current status of the opioid crisis in Northern BC and characteristics and drivers.

• Identify actions that can be taken in rural, remote and northern settings to address the opioid overdose crisis.

41

Thank you!!

T’oyaxsim nisim(Gitxsan)

Slahja(Nadleh Whut’en)

Musi(Nak’azdli DakalhYekooche)

T’ooyaksiy nisim(Nisga’a)

Háw’aa(Haida)

Meduh(Tahltan)

Gunałchéesh(Tlingit)

Mussi‐cho(Kaska Dena)

Snay Kahl Ya(Wet’suwet’en)

Snachailya(Carrier)

T’oyaxsut ‘nüün(Gitxaala, Gitga’at)

WuujoAasanalaa(Beaver)

Kinanâskomitin(Cree)

42