SOCIETY - Community

8/14/2019 SOCIETY - Community

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Lesson 1Lesson 1

MEANING ANDMEANING AND

NATURE OFNATURE OFCOMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES


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An aspect of community formation isAn aspect of community formation is

institutionalization,institutionalization, consist of theconsist of the

development of a more or less set ofdevelopment of a more or less set of

institutions and involvesinstitutions and involves

socialization, mastery of nature,socialization, mastery

of nature,

and social controland social control unified into aunified into a

distinct way of life.distinct way of life.


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ELEMENTS OF COMMUNITYELEMENTS OF COMMUNITY

PEOPLEPEOPLE

TERRITORYTERRITORY INTERACTIONINTERACTION

COMMON VALUESCOMMON VALUES


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PEOPLE- basic components of society.PEOPLE- basic components of society.TERRITORY- definite area occupied byTERRITORY- definite area occupied by

these people.these people.

INTERACTION- day-to-day encounterINTERACTION- day-to-day encounter

withwith the other members.the other members.

COMMON VALUES- common norms andCOMMON VALUES- common norms and

common values shared by eachcommon values shared by each

membermember to promote closer ties withto promote closer ties witheach member.each member.


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THE BASIC SOCIALTHE BASIC SOCIAL

INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS

RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONSRELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS

ECONOMIC AND POLITICALECONOMIC AND POLITICALINSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONSEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS


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RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONSRELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS

- universal institutions, although- universal institutions, although

types vary from one place to another.types vary from one place to another.

RELIGION- is a unified system ofRELIGION- is a unified system of

beliefs andbeliefs and practices related to sacredpractices related to sacred

things, unitingthings, uniting into a single moralinto a single moral

community all thosecommunity all those who adherewho adhere

to those beliefs and practices.to those beliefs and practices.


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In the Philippines, theIn the Philippines, the RomanRoman

Catholic ChurchCatholic Church is the predominantis the predominant

religious institution in terms ofreligious institution in terms of

numbers of members.numbers of members.


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ECONOMIC & POLITICALECONOMIC & POLITICAL

INSTITUTIONINSTITUTIONEconomic institutions developed out of theEconomic institutions developed out of theneed to have an established means toneed to have an established means to

allocate scarce resourcesallocate scarce resources whilewhilegovernmental institutions developed out ofgovernmental institutions developed out ofthe need tothe need to maintain order, & tomaintain order, & toexercise control,exercise control, which would protect thewhich would protect the

individual members. Protection maybe fromindividual members. Protection maybe fromoutside threat or from internal disorder.outside threat or from internal disorder.


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EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

Primary institution for shaping and molding of itsPrimary institution for shaping and molding of itsmembers minds & behavior.members minds & behavior.

-it fulfills the socializing function & training of the-it fulfills the socializing function & training of thechild to the accepted ways of behaving.child to the accepted ways of behaving.

-fulfills the integration function. It aims to unite-fulfills the integration function. It aims to uniteconflicting groups in the society through exposure ofconflicting groups in the society through exposure ofmembers to different subcultures and to develop inmembers to different subcultures and to develop inthem the importance of tolerance and integration.them the importance of tolerance and integration.


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-fulfills the equalizing functions, it gives-fulfills the equalizing functions, it gives

opportunities to move to the socialopportunities to move to the social

ladder through education.ladder through education.

- an implementing arm of thean implementing arm of the

government.government.

- It frees the individual from theIt frees the individual from the

bondage of dependence & ignorance.bondage of dependence & ignorance.


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LESSON 2LESSON 2

THE RURAL COMMUNITYTHE RURAL COMMUNITY


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The barrio is the rural community whereThe barrio is the rural community where

people earn their livelihood throughpeople earn their livelihood throughagriculture, fishing and household industries.agriculture, fishing and household industries.

Rural communities usually haveRural communities usually have smallsmallpopulations and a wider geographicalpopulations and a wider geographicalarea than the urban communitiesarea than the urban communities, hence,, hence,

the density of thethe density of the population is lowpopulation is low..Agriculture, fishing, handicrafts, &Agriculture, fishing, handicrafts, &miningmining are the common occupation.are the common occupation.


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CHARACTERISTICS OF RURALCHARACTERISTICS OF RURAL

COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES

It is relatively small.It is relatively small.

People are homogenous biologically,People are homogenous biologically,

socially and culturally.socially and culturally. It has a high degree of self-sufficiency,It has a high degree of self-sufficiency,

group identity, & group unity.group identity, & group unity.

There established mutual relationshipThere established mutual relationship

with one another.with one another.

The presence of dominant activity.The presence of dominant activity.


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THE PHILIPPINE RURALTHE PHILIPPINE RURAL

COMMUNITYCOMMUNITYThe Philippines is thus stillThe Philippines is thus still

predominantly rural or land barrios.predominantly rural or land barrios.

These barrios are considered as theThese barrios are considered as the

backbone of the nation.backbone of the nation.


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LESSON 3LESSON 3

THE URBAN COMMUNITYTHE URBAN COMMUNITY


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Urban community is one in which a number of peopleUrban community is one in which a number of people

are not engaged in the collection or production of food.are not engaged in the collection or production of food.

In the social science literature, urban is used to refer toIn the social science literature, urban is used to refer to

a quality of life that is typically found in the cities.a quality of life that is typically found in the cities.


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UrbanizationUrbanization- it is the process of concentrating- it is the process of concentratingpeople within a relatively small geographic unit.people within a relatively small geographic unit.

UrbanismUrbanism- it is a way of life found in cities with- it is a way of life found in cities withits complex of traits including a high degree ofits complex of traits including a high degree of

impersonalism, cultural heterogeneity,impersonalism, cultural heterogeneity,

predominance of secular values & extremepredominance of secular values & extreme

division of labor.division of labor.


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CityCity-- it is a place characterized byit is a place characterized bya certain quality of life.a certain quality of life.

SuburbSuburb-- It is a small communityIt is a small communityadjacent to the city where peopleadjacent to the city where people

residereside..


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BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OFBASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF

URBAN COMMUNITYURBAN COMMUNITY

Population densities are highPopulation densities are high

It is characterized by a secondary typeIt is characterized by a secondary type

of relationship, which is impersonal,of relationship, which is impersonal,

formal & objective.formal & objective.

There is widely divergent group ofThere is widely divergent group of

people.people.

There is anonymity on the part of theThere is anonymity on the part of the

urban dwellers.urban dwellers.


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URBAN ECOLOGICALURBAN ECOLOGICAL

PROCESSPROCESSCONCENTRATIONCONCENTRATION

CENTRALIZATIONCENTRALIZATION

DECENTRALIZATIONDECENTRALIZATIONSPECIALIZATIONSPECIALIZATION

SEGREGATIONSEGREGATION

INVASIONINVASION


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Specialization- involves the sorting out ofSpecialization- involves the sorting out of uses,uses,

functions and otherfunctions and other types of activities in thetypes of activities in theurban areas.urban areas.

Segregation- refers to the concentration ofSegregation- refers to the concentration of

certain types of people ofcertain types of people of activities within aactivities within a

particular area.particular area.

Invasion- it is the entrance of newInvasion- it is the entrance of new population orpopulation or

facilities into anfacilities into an already occupied area.already occupied area.


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THEORIES OF URBAN GROWTHTHEORIES OF URBAN GROWTH

THE CIRCLE THEORYTHE CIRCLE THEORY

THE SECTOR NUCLEI THEORYTHE SECTOR NUCLEI THEORY

MULTIPLE NUCLEI THEORYMULTIPLE NUCLEI THEORY


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CONCENTRIC CIRCLE THEORYCONCENTRIC CIRCLE THEORY

-this theory assumes that cities follow-this theory assumes that cities follow

a process of expansion kin whicha process of expansion kin which

population flows from the center in apopulation flows from the center in a

circular pattern.circular pattern.


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SECTOR NUCLEI THEORYSECTOR NUCLEI THEORY

This was proposed by Homer Hoyt inThis was proposed by Homer Hoyt in

1939, that asserts that geographic1939, that asserts that geographic

factors & man-made factors likefactors & man-made factors like

transportation routes producetransportation routes produce

sectors in wedge shapes extendingsectors in wedge shapes extending

outward from the center of the city.outward from the center of the city.


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MULTIPLE NUCLEI THEORYMULTIPLE NUCLEI THEORY Asserts that land use within the city isAsserts that land use within the city is

organized around a district nucleus ororganized around a district nucleus or

center, each having its own function. Ascenter, each having its own function. Asthe number of nuclei correspondinglythe number of nuclei correspondingly

increases in number each specializing inincreases in number each specializing in

specific activities.specific activities.

This theory best explains the growth ofThis theory best explains the growth of

Metropolitan Manila.Metropolitan Manila.


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GOOD DAY!GOOD DAY!

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SOCIETY - Community