Societal-Scale Computing:The eXtremes

Scalable, AvailableInternet ServicesInformation

Appliances

ClientServer

Clusters

Massive Cluster

Gigabit Ethernet

MEMS

The Very LargeThe Very Small

New System ArchitecturesNew Enabled Applications Diverse, Connected, Physical

Motivation and Goals

• Exploiting IT to enhance understanding– Significantly more convenient for people to interact with

information, devices, and other people than today’s systems

– Pervasive use of introspection and exploitation of tacit information

– Supported by a reliable, scalable “planetary-scale” Information Utility

• Technical Approach: Pervasive Information Utility, based on new concept of “fluid systems,” supporting innovative applications for problem solving & learning

The Coming Revolution

Evolution

Information Appliances:Scaled down desktops,e.g., CarPC, PdaPC, etc.

Evolved DesktopsServers:

Scaled-up Desktops,Millennium

Revolution

Information Appliances:Many computers per person,

MEMs, CCDs, LCDs, connectivity

Servers: Integrated withcomms infrastructure;Lots of computing in

small footprint

Display

Keyboard Disk

Mem

Proc

PC Evolution

Display DisplayCamera

Smart

Sensors

Camera

Smart Spaces

ComputingRevolutionWAN

Server, Mem, Disk

InformationUtility

BANG!Display

Mem

Disk

Proc

System Architecture for Vastly Diverse Devices

Leader Culler• The Large: Enable distributed creation &

deployment of scalable, available services

• The Small: “Small Device OS” for Dust Motes

Servers

ClientsClientsClientsClientsClientsClientsServers

Servers

Infrastructure Services

Open

Endeavour Project: 21st CenturyComputing & Communications at the

Extreme

R. H. Katz, Principal InvestigatorJ. Canny, D. Culler, M. Franklin, J. Hellerstein, A. Joseph, J.

Kubiatowicz, J. Landay, D. Patterson, K. Pister, L. Rowe, D. Tygar, R. Wilensky, Co-PIs

Pac Bell

IBMAT&T

CanadianOceanStore

IBM

Sprint

Implementation & Deployment of Oceanic

Data Info UtilityLeader Kubiatowicz • Infrastructure storage for

ubiquitous devices and mobile users

• Needed: strong security, coherence, automatic replica management & optimization, simple & automatic recovery from disasters, utility model

• New Technology: expanding search, erasure coding, introspective monitoring & optimization, incremental cryptographic techniques

• Confederations of (Mutually Suspicious) Utilities

Sensor-Centric Data Management for Capture/Reuse

Leader Hellerstein• Managing Data Floods

– Never ends: interactive direction– Big: data reduction/aggregation– Unpredictable: scale of devices and

nets not behave nicely• Builds on CONTROL and

River/Eddy System– Early answers, interactivity, online

aggregation– Information processing via

massively parallel, adaptive dataflows

– Extended to wide-area: operator placement, reordering

• Telegraph Data Manager– Distributed Storage Manager

based on event flow and state machines

– Continuously adaptive dataflow with applications to sensor data and streaming media

Tacit Knowledge Infrastructureand Collaborative Applications

Leaders Canny/Joseph/Landay• Exploit information about the flow of

information to improve collaborative work– Capture, organize, and place tacit information for most

effective use– Learning techniques: infer communications flow, indirect

relationships, availability/participation to enhance awareness and support opportunistic decision making

• New applications– 3D “activity spaces” for representing decision-making

activities, people, & information sources– Visual cues to denote strength of ties

between agents, awareness levels, activity tracking, & attention span

– Electronic Problem-based Learning in Enhanced Physical and Virtual Learning Spaces

Display DisplayCamera

Smart

Sensors

Camera

Smart Spaces

Summary and Conclusions• 21st Century Computing

– Making people’s exploitation of information more effective– Encompassing eXtreme diversity, distribution, and scale– Computing you can depend on

• Key Support Technologies– “Fluid software” computational paradigms– System and UI support for eXtreme devices– Pervasive, planetary-scale system utility functionality– Active, adaptive, safe and trusted components – New “power tool” applications that leverage community activity

• Broad multidisciplinary team spanning the needed applications, evaluation, and system technology skills

– Culture of large-scale, industry-relevant high impact research projects