Social Work Social Work Practice With Practice With IndividualsIndividuals

Chapter 5Chapter 5

PURPOSE AND TYPES OF SOCIAL PURPOSE AND TYPES OF SOCIAL WORK SERVICESWORK SERVICES

WHEN INDIVIDUALS (CLIENTS) SEEK YOUR WHEN INDIVIDUALS (CLIENTS) SEEK YOUR SERVICE YOU SEEK TO SERVICE YOU SEEK TO

HELP THEMHELP THEM

RESOLVE PROBLEMSRESOLVE PROBLEMS DEVELOP NEW DEVELOP NEW SKILLSSKILLS

PREVENTION RESTORATION PREVENTION RESTORATION REMEDIATIONREMEDIATION

TYPES OF SERVICETYPES OF SERVICE PREVENTION- PREVENTION-

PEOPLE ARE VULNERABLE TO PROBLEMS PEOPLE ARE VULNERABLE TO PROBLEMS BCOS OF AGE, GENDER, DISABILITY ETC.\BCOS OF AGE, GENDER, DISABILITY ETC.\

RESTORATIONRESTORATION SERVICES TO CLIENTS WHO HAVE SERVICES TO CLIENTS WHO HAVE

DIFFICULTY FUNCTIONING BCOS OF DIFFICULTY FUNCTIONING BCOS OF DISABILITIESDISABILITIES

REMEDIATIONREMEDIATION ALLEVIATING OR ELIMINATING THE STRESS ALLEVIATING OR ELIMINATING THE STRESS

OF EXISTING SOCIAL PROBLEMSOF EXISTING SOCIAL PROBLEMS MAY HAVE PHYSICAL NEEDS (E.G. HOUSING), MAY HAVE PHYSICAL NEEDS (E.G. HOUSING),

PERSONAL NEEDS (E.G. EDUCATIONAL GOALS) PERSONAL NEEDS (E.G. EDUCATIONAL GOALS) AND EMOTIONAL NEEDSAND EMOTIONAL NEEDS

Work With the IndividualWork With the IndividualA Generalist ApproachA Generalist Approach

Social work with individuals is one of Social work with individuals is one of the main parts of a generalist approach the main parts of a generalist approach to social work practice.to social work practice.

Main focus is to help individuals help Main focus is to help individuals help themselves.themselves.

Traditional methods are frequently Traditional methods are frequently combined in practice where the workers combined in practice where the workers may work basically with individuals and may work basically with individuals and families and set goals that may also families and set goals that may also include a group or community effort.include a group or community effort.

Social Casework DefinedSocial Casework Defined

Social casework is a method of Social casework is a method of helping people solve problems. It is helping people solve problems. It is individualized, scientific, and individualized, scientific, and artistic. artistic.

It helps individuals with personal as It helps individuals with personal as well as external and environmental well as external and environmental matters.matters.

It is a method of helping through a It is a method of helping through a relationship that taps personal and relationship that taps personal and other resources for coping with other resources for coping with problems.problems.

History of Social History of Social CaseworkCasework

The Association for Improving the Conditions The Association for Improving the Conditions of the Poor approached the problem of poverty of the Poor approached the problem of poverty individually (1843).individually (1843).

The Charity Organization Society gave The Charity Organization Society gave additional impetus to individualization and additional impetus to individualization and casework (1877).casework (1877).

Preoccupation with social conditions external Preoccupation with social conditions external to the individual was characteristic of to the individual was characteristic of casework during the early part of the casework during the early part of the twentieth century.twentieth century.

The thinking was that if the environment could The thinking was that if the environment could not be changed, the individual should be not be changed, the individual should be removed from the environment, even if it removed from the environment, even if it meant separating families.meant separating families.

SOCIAL WORK VALUESSOCIAL WORK VALUES

Assumes the inherent worth and Assumes the inherent worth and importance of the individual and the importance of the individual and the interdependence between the interdependence between the individual and societyindividual and society

Emphasis is placed on the importance Emphasis is placed on the importance of respect for the dignity of the of respect for the dignity of the individual and on their ability to make individual and on their ability to make important decisions.important decisions.

Self-determination is a basic right of Self-determination is a basic right of the individual.the individual.

SOCIAL WORK VALUESSOCIAL WORK VALUES

ACCEPT DIVERSE POPULATIONSACCEPT DIVERSE POPULATIONS

STRIVE TO MAKE INSTITUTIONS STRIVE TO MAKE INSTITUTIONS MORE HUMANE AND RESPONSIVEMORE HUMANE AND RESPONSIVE

OBTAINING RESOURCESOBTAINING RESOURCES

Social Work ValuesSocial Work Values The Value Postulate of Self-The Value Postulate of Self-

DeterminationDetermination Self-determination means that the client will Self-determination means that the client will

decide whether or not to engage in the decide whether or not to engage in the casework process.casework process.

Self-determination is affirmed, explicated Self-determination is affirmed, explicated and implemented at the beginning, in the and implemented at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the process.middle and at the end of the process.

Impositions that remove free choice and Impositions that remove free choice and self-determination may damage the self-determination may damage the relationship and weaken the client’s relationship and weaken the client’s problem-solving resolve and capacity.problem-solving resolve and capacity.

Knowledge Knowledge The theory underpinning for casework is The theory underpinning for casework is

derived basically from the profession of derived basically from the profession of social work and from casework practice.social work and from casework practice.

Research contributes to the knowledge Research contributes to the knowledge basebase

The profession continues to recognize The profession continues to recognize the contributions from the behavioral, the contributions from the behavioral, social , and natural sciences.social , and natural sciences.

Knowledge Knowledge

Human behaviour and the social environment:Human behaviour and the social environment: knowledge of the physical, emotional and cognitive knowledge of the physical, emotional and cognitive

growth delays and difficulties during the growth delays and difficulties during the developmental phases of a person’s life spandevelopmental phases of a person’s life span

Person in environmentPerson in environment

Although social work “borrows” from Although social work “borrows” from psychology, sociology, and from the biological psychology, sociology, and from the biological sciences, the profession itself orders, sciences, the profession itself orders, arranges, adapts and determines the arranges, adapts and determines the emphasis it will make of these contributions.emphasis it will make of these contributions.

Knowledge Knowledge Knowledge of the various services of Knowledge of the various services of

the community is basic to the the community is basic to the practice of social casework.practice of social casework.

The function and purpose of agencies The function and purpose of agencies and referral procedures, and and referral procedures, and increasingly the legislative process, increasingly the legislative process, all provide essential underpinning for all provide essential underpinning for the casework process.the casework process.