Social Psych: Part 2

Do Now: Match the vocabulary to the example

1. Shelia has a new boyfriend and all her friends say they look a like.

2. Pablo believes homeless people deserve what they get3. When you do well on a test you say its because you

worked hard but if you fail you blame it on your teacher4. Sam over hears that Alex thinks he’s cute. Sam now likes

Alex.5. Marco makes a joke about Polish people being dumb.

Vocabulary: Prejudice, Discrimination, Matching Hypothesis, Reciprocity, Mere Exposure Effect, Self-Serving Bias, Fundamental Attribution Error, Just World

Attitude and Behavior• relatively stable organization of

beliefs, feelings, & behavior tendencies

Cognitive Dissonance Theory• People want to have

consistent attitudes and behaviors….when they are not they experience dissonance (unpleasant tension).

• Usually they will change their attitude.

You have a belief that cheating on tests is bad.

But you cheat on a test!!!

The teacher was really bad so in that class it is OK.

Attitude and Behavior• Festinger’s cognitive

disonnance experiment- $1 v. $20

• Effort Justification (type of CD)- you give a lot but receive little in return so to justify why you gave so much you rate it more favorably

• Relate to cults• http://www.youtube.com/

watch?v=9AGemuX7E60

Attitudes & PersuasionAdvertising is ALL

based on attitude formation.

Mere Exposure Effect

Elaboration Likelihood Model- 2 basic “routes” to persuasionCentral Route v.

Peripheral Route

Compliance Strategies• Foot-in-the-door

phenomenon

• Door-in-the-face phenomenon

• Norms of reciprocity

• Low Ball Technique

How groups affect our behavior?

Prosocial Behavior• Kitty Genovese

case in Kew Gardens NY.

Bystander Effect:• Conditions in which people

are more or less likely to help one another. In general…the more people around…the less chance of help….because of…

• Diffusion of Responsibility

• People decide what to do by looking to others (social cueing).

video

Social Facilitation Theory• If you are really

good at something….or it is an easy task…you will perform BETTER in front of a group.

Social Loafing• The tendency for

people in a group to exert less effort when pooling efforts toward a common goal than if they were individually accountable.

Group Polarization• Groups tend to

make more extreme decisions than the individual.

Groupthink

• Group members suppress their reservations about the ideas supported by the group.

• They are more concerned with group harmony.

• Worse in highly cohesive groups.

The Challenger

Conformity Studies• Adjusting one’s

behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.

Candid camera

Asch’s Study of Conformity

Asch

Asch’s Results• About 1/3 of the

participants conformed.• 70% conformed at

least once.To strengthen conformity:• The group is unanimous• The group is at least three

people.• One admires the group’s status• One had made no prior

commitment

Milgram’s StudyOf

ObedienceMilgram

Results of the Milgram Study

What did we learn from Milgram?

• Ordinary people can do shocking things.

• Ethical issues….• Would not have

received approval from today’s IRB (Internal Review Board).

Deindividuation• People get swept

up in a group and lose sense of self.

• Feel anonymous and aroused.

• Explains rioting behaviors.

Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Study• Illustrated the power of the

situation• College subjects were

assigned the role of a prisoner or guard for a make-shift prison

• Subjects experienced a loss of identity and transformed into their roles

Questions to “A Class Divided”

• What were your thoughts/reactions to Jane Elliott’s lesson?

• How did her students’ behaviors change? Were you surprised by their actions? Why or why not?

• Even though this lesson was conducted in 1968, it is still relevant today. Explain.