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Social networks and collective intelligence
A return to the Agora
21/09/2012, ITU Copenhagen
Manuel Mazzara
The School of Athens
Joint work with:
Luca BiselliAntoine ChamotLuca Chiarabini
Giuseppe MarraffaSimona De Nicola
Nicola DragoniEmanuela GoldoniPier Paolo GrecoAntonio Marraffa
Georgios Papageorgiou Nafees Qamar
A Fantastic New Era (!?!)
I have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work.
Thomas Edison
Web 2.0 Technologic Backbone Google
Yahoo!
Blogs
Wiki’s
Instant Messaging
MySpace
Wikipedia
eBay
YouTube
Flickr
Skype
Why Social Computing ?
DO’S & DON’TS of SOCIAL DO’S & DON’TS of SOCIAL NETWORKINGNETWORKING
Old Problems Made Worse
Trustworthy?
Relevant?Newsworthy?
Traditional Media Gatekeeping
World Audience
Plurality of information or
an information cartel? Reuters bought by Canadian financial
data provider Thomson in a deal worth about £8.7bn [BBC, 15 May 2007]
Reuters prohibited any individual from owning 15% or more
The Thomson family now own 53%
Agenda-setting
Salience transfer the ability of a mass medium to transfer
relevant issues from its news media agendas to public agendas
The agenda-setting theory McCombs, Shaw, 1972 McCombs, 2004
The spiral of silence theory Noelle-Neumann, 1974
“There are no facts, only
interpretations”
(Friedrich Nietzsche)
Power of Media (!?!)
Hegelian Dialectic (spot how/where/when it is used!) The thesis is an intellectual proposition
The antithesis is the negation of the thesis, a reaction to the proposition
The synthesis solves the conflict between the thesis and antithesis by reconciling their common truths, and forming a new proposition
Example(s): Thesis: the French revolution/fire of Rome Antithesis: the terror which followed Synthesis: the constitutional state of free
citizens/blaming the Christians
Power of Illusion
Overcoming Gatekeeping ?
Internet offers an open platform where users can
interactively exchange information News is multimedia, multi-
dimensional, timely/timeless The user can control relevance The user is able to choose topics,
sources … The user can interact with
authors, other readers/followers …
Traditional/New Media Synopsis
Traditional media
Search engines
Social networks
Relevance/presence of the news
Decided by the
publisher
Decided by the
algorithm
Decided by the network
Interaction / feedback
Not allowed
Not allowed Possible
Topic
Content
Decided by the
publisher
Decided by the user
Decided by the network
Expand topic Not allowed
Allowed Allowed
Deciding Source Not allowed
Allowed Allowed
Individual (trust-based) ranking
Absent Absent Absent
We will either find a way, or make one ...”Aut inveniam viam aut faciam”
Maslow’s Law of the Instrument
”It is tempting, if the only tool you have is a hammer, to treat everything as if it were a nail.”
- H. Maslow, The Psychology of Science:A Reconnaissance. Harper & Row, 1966
Create a virtual agora where people can freely discuss and exchange information
From greek “poly", meaning many or several and “doxa" meaning common belief or popular opinion
More control over the news/information
Think! Discuss! Verify! Interact! Take an active role! Take (better?) decisions!
Time for Polidoxa now!
The core ranking parameters:
Configurable static parameters trustworthiness of contacts (decided by the
user) trustworthiness of sources/domains… (by the
user)
Dynamic Parameters depending on network activities and contact’s
distance evaluate (among other things) “like” and
“dislike” many “like” for a post is and indication of
how your network perceives it
Polidoxa Ranking Algorithm (the „how“)
Trustworthyness and ranking
www.page-x.com 40%
www.page-z.com 60%
www.page-y.com 30%
News from z
News from x
News from y
Some details about the algorithm…
If you can't explain it to
a six year old,
you don't understand
it yourself.” Albert Einstein
Polidoxa@Twitter
Twitter is less studied than FB etc…
Only text analysis, therefore simpler (for now)
At each search the trust is recalculated for each contact and the results are presented accordingly (higher trust first) Trust is in range 0..100
This prototype is just a proof of concept
FB application is the next step
Static/Dynamic Trust
Static trust is chosen by the user Dynamic trust is calculated according to the
following parameters : Number of retweet Number of Favourites Number of Mentions Number of hashtags #FF Number of user’s tweets containing the
searched keyword
Static Trust Setup
Trust Formula
Static_Trust = chosen by the user
Nbr_favorites = Number of tweets sent by the contact and favoured by the user
Nbr_retweets = Number of tweets sent by the contact and retweeted by the user.
Nbr_mentions = Number of tweets sent by the user containing mentions referring this contact ("@username")
Nbr_FridayFollows = Number of tweets sent by the user containing FridayFollows referring to this contact (hashtag #FF)
Results_count = number of tweets belonging to this contact in which the search term appears
Trust goes up and down (like in real life) Coefficients are application parameter set by
the admin (not the user)
When beyond 100% all trust values are rescaled to be within the range
The oldest interactions (in the current prototype more than one year old) are removed This actually decreases the trust value for
the contacts who have been ignored for some time
Configuration of Coefficients
Search Results
Polidoxa
Polidoxa
Relevance of the news Decided by the user
Interaction / feedback Allowed
Topic
content
Decided by the user and his/her network
Expand topic Allowed
Deciding Source Allowed
Individual trust-based ranking
Possible
Relationships = Links Individuals = NodesEvolution du monde des idées
Social Structure = Technology
Evolution of Plato’sWorld of Ideas
(Iperuranio)
Community = Network
Where do you want to go today (with Polidoxa)?
Collective Intelligence
“Collective intelligence is a distributed capacity of communities to evolve towards higher order integration and performance through collaboration and innovation”
Innovative democratic process?
Collective Intelligence
Biosphere
Forecasting
Sust
aina
ble
co
nsum
ptio
n an
d pr
oduc
tion
FinancesTaxes
Regulation
Just
ice
Legislation
Execution
Be creative when solving problems, use your right brain
hemisphere more often!
