HIPPOCRATES

VOL UM E IX

EDITED AND TRANSLATED BY

PAUL POTIER

HARVARDUNIVERSITY PRESS

CAMBRJDGE, MAS ACHUSETTS

LONDON, ENGLAND

2010

COpyright 2010 by the Pre ident and Fellows

of Harvard Coli ge

All rigbts reselVed

First publiShed 201 0

LOEB C SSICAL LIBRARY is l\ registered trademark of the President and Fellows of Hluvllrd Colle~e

Library of Congre~s Control Number 2009935559

CIP data avnilable from th Library of Congress

LSB 978-0-674-99640-.3

Cumposed in ZephGreek and ZephText by

Technologies 'N lIJpogrophy, Merrimac, Mll$sachusetts.

Printed 0 11 acld-fil'.I! pope,.. lid bound by

TIle Maple-Vall Book MarlUfoct1l7;'lg Croup

CONTENTS

INTRODuc r IO. vii

BII3L10CRAPHY xi

ANATOMY 1

NATURE F BONES 9

HEART 51

EI HT MO T1-1S' CHILD 71

o PRENOTIONS 103

CR ISES 271

CRITI CAL DAYS 300

SUPERFETA: lON 313

GIR LS 355

EXCISION OF T HE FETUS 365

SIGHT 375

INDEX 389

v

Wc,ter n ntariu .

llEPI KAPAIH~ l

IX 80 1. KapSt1') crx-ijp.a. fI-& OKO." 1rVpafl-~C;, )(pOt7JIJ SE ' tl rE! KO!TaKop7JC; CPOtptKa. Ka, 7TEPt/3E/3A(l.'Ta, xm;:wa AE'iO'"

Ita., f(nW Ev airrfiJ lrtPOII Ufl-LKPOII 01T0'iOIl OVPOII, WU'TE S6eEt.. Ell KVU'TH rryv KapS':T)v o..Vo.U'TpEI/JEuOaL. 'YE'YlI"1/'To., Sf. TOVrOV fllEKa, OKWC; Of anE'Ta.Llp~uK7I tMv wc;2 'II cPv>..a.Kfi EXEL 8 TO iiypa.

nEPI KAP t. IH!

aU' ov 7ra'VTO

nEPI KAPAIHI

7/'Q.ua I(apo'"f} T VrOUTL r1Jv lOfY1ll1 iP.7/'f7/'ot'YJTaL. aTo.p 7fOf 1(0. mlp.7/'aV WPlJl(oOl.w" 1(0.1 'Aa'YapwTEP"f} 'lToU~ rii~ iTip7J'" ouoE -rij .. l(ap8[TJ" IIEP.fTo.! rT,lJ fCT)(amJII, aH' f'YKaTa'AEl/1TfL 'TOil OV{)(J:X.0lJ CT7'fPEOlJ, Ko.[1 ECT7'W

84 WU7/'EP I l[wBEJI 'lTpO(TEppap.p.EIIT). 5. 'H of. ETEfY1I l(iETaL lnrillEpfh p.& p.&'ALerra, Ka~

l(aT' l()lJwpi"f}lJ p.o.ALuTa P.EIJ p.a'~ apL(rTEp~, 01111 Kal OLalTTlp.aI.IJfL TO fI.Ap.a. 'lTEpi.f30AOII Ot IXH 'lTaXll!', Kat f36fJpOlJ EP.{3E{308pWTaL TO Eloo.. E'KEAOII o'Ap.~ . tiHa 'Yap 7}O"f} KaL TOV 1T'vvP.OlJo

ITEP( Kl P~lH! HEART {w'I}l' q,fp01)(n 'Tef) o'l'()pw.rrrp, K7}1' auaV()fWULJJ , a'ITl()al'IJ wv()pw'lTor;.

8. AYXOV S rr; q,vuar; , KaOa'ITEp TOtU, xoal'OLUW or xa'AKfEr;, W

66

llEPI KAPC,I HI HEART

int{) tlw solid heart (papillary muscles). These I believe to be tile bands 0 the viscus and of the chambers. the origins to the aortae.3 There is a pair of these. to each of which at its gat s three membranes are attached. rounded at their margins and having the shape of semicircles. which in coming together in some marvell us way lose the orifices und set th limit of th aortae. And ifsomeone knowledgeable or th ancient ri te were to take out the heart of a man who had died, and draw back one oftllese (sc. membranes) and in line the other one,4 neithe r water would be able to go through into the heart nor air that was being forcedtIlId mor so in the case of those on the left, for the are constructed more tightly, as is fi tting: for the intelligence of man is established in tlle left cavity. and it rules over the

;t of his soul. 11. This intelligence is nourished not froOl the gut by

foods . nd drinks, but by a pur and luminous bath coming from a distillate of the blood. It obt ins its nutriment in abundance from tllat which is most near. receiving it from the hlood. transmitting its rays. and ~ eding as if on nourishment out of tlle stomach and the intestines. but in a way not according to normal nature. t In order that the contents of tll artery do not send backfood in a state ofturbuI neet. i t closes off the path to tll ventricle.s For the large

3 aofYM7 is little more than a variant of aprfJpL"I], and in meaning both seem to 0 'cupy a middle ground between bronchus and artery; cf. Places In MatI 14. Coan Prenotions 394. and Diseases 11 54.

4 The mention of two rather than three valve cusps h re suggests a knowledge of the mitral va.lve .

.:; Or" rtery."

67

TIEP[ KAP6THJ:

rT,P yo.rrripo. Ko. TO. ElIT"po., Ka~ yifUL rpoc/>.ryo.'Vffo.~ 71'aua. 71')..~1I l wpo