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SMW08
P. Calicchia28th October Page 1
Paola [email protected]
28th OctoberSession 3
Geo-physical and mechanical properties
SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION OF FRESCOESBY MEANS OF ACOUSTIC IMAGE DIAGNOSTICS
AND DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
P. Calicchia, G. B. Cannelli, M. Poscolieri
CNR Institute of Acoustics “O. M. Corbino”, Rome
International Workshop - SMW08IN SITU MONITORING
OF MONUMENTAL SURFACESFlorence, 27-29 October 2008
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P. Calicchia28th October Page 2
ACEADD – ACOUSTIC ENERGY ABSORPTION DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE
ACEADD:ACEADD: portable device for NDT of fresco detachments based on the ACOUSTIC ENERGY ABSORPTION ACOUSTIC ENERGY ABSORPTION evaluation
BACK REFLECTION SETTINGBACK REFLECTION SETTING source SS and receiver MM in COAXIAL CONFIGURATIONCOAXIAL CONFIGURATION and NORMAL NORMAL INCIDENCE GEOMETRYINCIDENCE GEOMETRY working distance from the surface is about 0,5mmeasure of the abs. coeff. by the determination of the transfer function
= 1 - |H = 1 - |HSS(()|2)|2DIRECT EXTRAPOLATIONDIRECT EXTRAPOLATION of the surface impulse response hhSS(t)(t) by means
of Cepstrum algorithm Cepstrum algorithm signal processingwide band SINE WAVE SWEEPSINE WAVE SWEEP 100Hz ÷ 15kHzit provides 2D2D and 3D ACOUSTIC ABSORPTION MAPS3D ACOUSTIC ABSORPTION MAPS and ROUGHNESS ROUGHNESS MAPSMAPS for the LOCALIZATIONLOCALIZATION and CHARACTERIZATION CHARACTERIZATION of detachments.
(G. B. Cannelli, P. Calicchia, US Patent US 6728661 27, European Patent EP 1190243B1")
(1)(1)
(2)(2)
(3)(3) (4)(4)
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P. Calicchia28th October Page 3
THE ACOUSTIC ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT
MEASURING THE ACOUSTIC ENERGY ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT
DETERMINATION OF ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES AND PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE OF MATERIALSCHARACTERIZATION AND CERTIFICATION OF MATERIALS, STRUCTURES AND SURFACES
EMPLOYMENT OF BOTH LABORATORYLABORATORY AND IN SITU IN SITU METHODOLOGIES
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD METHODSISO 354:2003 “MEASUREMENT OF SOUND ABSORPTION IN A REVERBERATION ROOM”ISO 13472:2002, “MEASUREMENT OF SOUND ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF ROAD SURFACES IN SITU”
ROAD PAVEMENTS & NOISE BARRIERSROAD PAVEMENTS & NOISE BARRIERS
ABSORBENT MATERIALSABSORBENT MATERIALS(polyurethane foam, wool, wood, many porous or fibrous materials)(polyurethane foam, wool, wood, many porous or fibrous materials)
ABSORBENT PANELS & STRUCTURESABSORBENT PANELS & STRUCTURES
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P. Calicchia28th October Page 4
ACEADD – ACOUSTIC ENERGY ABSORPTION DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE
REFLECTION COEFFICIENTAT NORMAL INCIDENCE
ARRICCIO
SUPPORTINTONACHINO
A DETACHMENT IS LIKE A VIBRATING DISK VIBRATING DISK OR MEMBRANEMEMBRANE WITH AN ENCLOSED VOLUME OF AIR BEHIND
AND BEHAVES LIKE AN ACOUSTIC ABSORBERACOUSTIC ABSORBER
R = Z2 – Z1
Z2 + Z1
2
Z2 >> Z1
Z = c
R = 1
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P. Calicchia28th October Page 5
SOUND ABSORPTION IN MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
Porous Absorbers
Membrane Absorbers
Cavity AbsorbersPerforated Panel Absorbers
Copyright © Andrew Marsh, UWA, 1999. The School of Architecture and Fine ArtsThe University of Western Australia
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P. Calicchia28th October Page 6
ACEADD – THE MEASURING PROCEDURE
4 - THE CHOISE OF THE WORKING DISTANCE
1 - THE PICTURE OF THE FRESCO 2 - THE DEFINITION OF THE ANALYSED AREA3 - THE CHOISE OF THE SOME REFERENCE POINTS
5 - THE CONTROL OF THE SCAN UNIT
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P. Calicchia28th October Page 7
ACEADD – THE MEASURING PROCEDURE
6 – THE MOTION CONTROL AND THE ACQUISITION
(… is it time consuming?LAB INSTR.: 120 pts in 1h,600 pts in 5h covering 96cm x 76cm with 4cm step)
7 - THE SIGNAL PROCESSING CEPSTRUM ALGORITHM(resolves the reflection peak from the direct signal even when they are superposed in the time history)
xi, yi, hi, i, Hi(), di, … , imgi, Ti, Tamb, RH%
8 - THE MAX REFLECTION REFERENCE POINT(or standard reference material calibration)
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P. Calicchia28th October Page 8
The ACEADD provides the restaurateur artists with objective data, supporting the following actions:
DIAGNOSISDIAGNOSIS of the degree of deterioration of mural paintings; EVALUATION OF CONSOLIDATION WORKSEVALUATION OF CONSOLIDATION WORKS based on purposely defined criteria;MONITORINGMONITORING of detachments by means of periodic exams.
9 - DATA ANALYSES(different analyses available)
ACEADD – THE MEASURING PROCEDURE
40%40%60%60%
Vasari House, Florence
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P. Calicchia28th October Page 9
ACEADD – RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Scientific Research-Industrial Research
- Engineering (prototypes)Transfer to Market
RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS
CONSERVATIONENTERPRISE & ORGANIZATION
ENGINEERING & DISTRIBUTIONDIAGNOSTICS SERVICES ENTERPRISE
CULTURAL HERITAGEMANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION
INSTITUTES& EDUCATION ORGANIZATION
ACEADD INDUSTRIAL PROTOTYPETT ACTIONS
SMW08
P. Calicchia
ACEADD – RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT PLAN
28th October Page 10
METHODOLOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS
ADVANCED SOLUTIONSFOR MINIMUM SIZE DEVICE
ADVANCED SOLUTIONS FOR DATA STORAGE AND DATA TRANSFER
(WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES)
ADVANCED SOLUTIONSFOR ENERGY GENERATIONAND ENERGY HARVESTING
NON LINEAR ACOUSTIC SOURCEDIRECTIVE SOUND SOURCE
STANDARDIZATION OF THE METHODOLOGY
AND DEVICE CALIBRATION
MODELLING OF REAL DETACHMENTSRESPONSE OF CONSOLIDANTS
80%
60%
30%
(xi, yi, hi, i, Hi(), di, … , imgi, Ti, Tamb, RH%)
(xi, yi)
INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR ALTERNATIVE CONFIGURATION
