SME NOTEs

11

SME NOTEs

Slide 75 has changed. The VOR approach at Simmons AAF no longer exists. It depicted dual VOR minima.Henderson, NV has an IAP that depicts dual vor minima.12/18/12 – add a ceiling to TLH slide 12

- corrected page no. of INOP chart on slide 68

22

TD 68 33

This will be an interactive exercise. You will need the following items on your desk.

1.TLA Vol’s 14 & 19 (or TPP)2.IFR S3.AR 95-1, Chapter 54.FIH5.E6B Flight Computer

Terminal LearningTerminal LearningObjectiveObjective

Determine Weather Flight Planning Determine Weather Flight Planning MinimumsMinimums..

44

E L O AE L O A

Determine weather briefing sources Determine weather briefing sources for flight planning purposes.for flight planning purposes.

55

WEATHER BRIEFING WEATHER BRIEFING AR 95-1, para 5-2. c. (7)AR 95-1, para 5-2. c. (7)

1. Weather information will be obtained from 1. Weather information will be obtained from a U.S. Military Weather Facility. a U.S. Military Weather Facility.

2. Weather forecast will be void 1hr 30min 2. Weather forecast will be void 1hr 30min after weather briefing time if aircraft has not after weather briefing time if aircraft has not departed.departed.

3. The crew should update weather briefing 3. The crew should update weather briefing information on STOPOVER flights.information on STOPOVER flights.

66

Sources of Weather Briefings Sources of Weather Briefings Per FIH, page C-2Per FIH, page C-2

1. Face to Face U.S. Military Forecaster1. Face to Face U.S. Military Forecaster

2. Operational Weather Squadron (OWS) 2. Operational Weather Squadron (OWS)

Telephonic (Refer to FIH)Telephonic (Refer to FIH)

Closed Circuit Television Closed Circuit Television

3. Flight Service Station (FSS) 3. Flight Service Station (FSS) When use is When use is

authorized by local procedures.authorized by local procedures.

Telephone 1-800-WXBRIEFTelephone 1-800-WXBRIEF

Remote Communication Outlet Remote Communication Outlet

77

Fort Rucker Weather Station at Cairns.Fort Rucker Weather Station at Cairns. http://www.rucker.army.mil/6weather/avwx.htm Aviation WeatherAviation Weather http://aviationweather.gov/adds/

88

Sources of Weather Briefings Sources of Weather Briefings

http://www.rucker.army.mil/6weather/avwx.htm

http://aviationweather.gov/adds/

If requesting a military telephonic weather briefIf requesting a military telephonic weather brief

provide the following info 2 hours in advance:provide the following info 2 hours in advance:

Name of person callingName of person calling Aircraft type and call signAircraft type and call sign VFR or IFR and proposed altitudeVFR or IFR and proposed altitude Departure point and time (ETD)Departure point and time (ETD) Route of flight Route of flight Destination and ETADestination and ETA Alternate and ETA, if required Alternate and ETA, if required

99

Check on Check on learninglearning

1010

1111

The DD Form 175-1 has 5 sections:The DD Form 175-1 has 5 sections:

Take off dataTake off data En Route and Mission dataEn Route and Mission data Aerodrome Forecasts (TAF)Aerodrome Forecasts (TAF) Comments / RemarksComments / Remarks Briefing RecordBriefing Record

1212

Apr 20, 2023TH67 / 2741 OZR / 1300

A167 - TSTMS Entire LFA

020 - 080 020) 24010 +25 030) 24018 +23 040) 25020/+21 050) 26025/+19 060) 26025/+17 070) 27030/+15 080) 29040/+13

X X2

X BR

006 LFA 400 LFA 150 LFA

XX

LFA

XX

SFC - 050

LFA VCTY TS

X

XX

X

LFA

1313

OZR 1200 1800 22010G15 7 SCT 020 BKN 030 29.90 DHN 1200 1800 21010 7 BKN 025 OVC 100 29.98

TOI 1200 1800 26010 7 SCT 030 BKN 100 29.96

MGM 1200 1800 27010 7 BKN 030 OVC100 29.87

TLH 1200 1800 24010G18 1 ½ RA BKN 015 OVC 025 29.87

1200

1330

AM (1200 - 1800) W.G.

XX

LFALFA

XXXX

SFC 060 - 080SFC 060 - 080

LFA VCTY TSLFA VCTY TS LFALFA

XXXXXX

½ RAFG FEW 010 OVC 015TEMPO 1400 1800

1414

1515

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E L O BE L O B

Determine weather minima.

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Summary of RequirementsSummary of Requirements

Do I meet requirements to takeoff?Do I meet requirements to takeoff? Do I meet requirements to file to my Do I meet requirements to file to my

destination?destination? Do I need an alternate airport for my Do I need an alternate airport for my

destination?destination? Does my alternate selection qualify?Does my alternate selection qualify?

Do I meet requirements to takeoff?Do I meet requirements to takeoff? Do I meet requirements to file to my Do I meet requirements to file to my

destination?destination? Do I need an alternate airport for my Do I need an alternate airport for my

destination?destination? Does my alternate selection qualify?Does my alternate selection qualify?

1818

Departure ProceduresAR 95-1, para. 5-3

1. Current weather conditions at time of departure will be used to determine if departure minimums are met.

1919

2. Aviator flying the aircraft at Take-Off determines take-off minima which are:

Logged 50 hours or more actual WX time as PIC…. 0 cig – 0 vis

Logged less than 50 hr actual WX time asPIC…. 100 cig – ¼ vis or 1200 ft RVR


2020

Current Departure Weather Conditions may be obtained through any of the following when departing Controlled Airports:

1.ATIS

2.Ground Control

3.AWOS or ASOS

4.Control Tower

2121


3. All aviators will comply with published nonstandard IFR take off minimums and departure procedures published in FLIP.


2222

How do you determine if Non Standard Take off procedures are applicable to your departure aerodrome?

Look in the TLA.

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Let’s go there now.Vol 14. Table of Contents

NON STANDARD TAKE OFF PROCEDURES

•Determine if IFR take Determine if IFR take off Minima is Non-off Minima is Non-Standard for Standard for Birmingham, ALBirmingham, AL

Non-standard T/O Non-standard T/O minima does exist at minima does exist at Birmingham, on pg. Birmingham, on pg. XXIV XXIV

Refer to the TLA to Refer to the TLA to determine if Non-determine if Non-Standard Take off Standard Take off procedures apply.procedures apply.

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Vol 14, pg III. TABLE of CONTENTS

XXIV

Another method to determine if an airport has Non-Standard Take-off procedures is look for a symbol in the Pilot Briefing Section of any IAPAt your departure airfield.

If there is a symbol you must refer to the TAKE OFF procedures listed in the front of this FLIP for specifics.

T

T

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Vol 14

Let’s go there now. Pg. XXIV

2626

What are T/O minimums if you are departing from RWY 6 at Birmingham?

2727

What are T/O minimums if you are departing from RWY 6 at Birmingham?

You must have at least 300 – 1 ¾ with min climb of 282 ft/NM to 1800.

UNLESS ..*.. Or std if your climb gradient is at least 421 ft per NM to 1800. If your gradient is at least 421 ft/nm then your take off minima is STD, which is: 100 - 1/4 or 0 – 0.Let’s review E6B procedures on how to convert feet per nm to feet per min.

Use E6B to compute Rate of Climb, given Gradient and Ground Speed1. Set speed index at 80 GS

G/S: 80kt Gradient: 421 f/nm

2. Locate 421 f/nm on inner ring

3. Determine FPM. It’s on the outer ring opposite 421 f/nm .

560 FPM

2929

What are T/O minimums if departing from RWY 24?There is no non-standard T/O minimums published for RWY 24 therefore T/O minimums are 100-1/4 or 0-0. Note there is a published minimum altitude before making turns. 2200 feet.


3030

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Destination PlanningAR 95-1, para 5-2. c. (5)

Destination weather must be forecast to be equal or greater than the published weather planning minimums for the approach procedure to be flown at ETA through 1 hour after ETA.

Destination Planning Destination Planning (95-1)(95-1)1. Use Weather Forecast (TAF)1. Use Weather Forecast (TAF)

2. Predominant Weather will apply2. Predominant Weather will apply3. Published Weather Planning Minimums. (___). 3. Published Weather Planning Minimums. (___). Cig Cig

& vis& vis

a. Helicopters may reduce Destination and Alternate a. Helicopters may reduce Destination and Alternate CAT A visibility minimums by 50% but not less than ¼ CAT A visibility minimums by 50% but not less than ¼ mile.mile.

b. Visibility reduction of COPTER approaches is b. Visibility reduction of COPTER approaches is not authorized.not authorized.

c. Visibility reduction of approaches labeled c. Visibility reduction of approaches labeled ““Visibility Reduction N/AVisibility Reduction N/A” is not authorized.” is not authorized.

4. Adjust planning minima for INOP components4. Adjust planning minima for INOP components

5. Forecast Valid Times (ETA plus 1 hour)5. Forecast Valid Times (ETA plus 1 hour)

6. Area Forecast 6. Area Forecast (Use when there is no TAF available)(Use when there is no TAF available)3232

3333

What is meant by the terms:

Published Weather Planning Minimums

Weather Planning Minimums

Planning Minimums

as used in AR 95-1?

This is the ceiling (CIG) and Visibility This is the ceiling (CIG) and Visibility figures listed in the Minima Section of the figures listed in the Minima Section of the TLA Chart in parentheses under the TLA Chart in parentheses under the applicable Aircraft Approach Category.applicable Aircraft Approach Category.

Example: Example: ( 200 – ½ )

3434

DESTINATION WEATHER PLANNING

If this is the IAP selected for our Destination what is the Weather Planning Minimums for the Straight-in ILS RWY 6 approach?

Determine helicopter Planning Minimums for Cat A

Helicopters can reduce vis if not prohibited by the IAP.

1/4

Planning Minimums is 200 – ¼ for this S - ILS 6 IAP

Selected Approach

3535

DESTINATION WEATHER PLANNING

If this is the IAP selected for our Destination what is our Weather Planning Minimums for the Straight-in LOC RWY 6 approach?

Helicopters can reduce visibility if notProhibited by the IAP.

Planning Minima for this S - LOC 6 IAP is 500 – 1/4

3636

Selected approach

1/4

If this is the IAP selected for our Destination what is the Weather Planning Minimums for the Straight-in VOR RWY 18 approach?

½

Correct Answer: Need at least 500 CIG ½ sm vis at ETA + 1 Hr to file IFR to this procedure.

3737Vol 14

If this is the IAP selected for our Destination what is the Planning Minimums for the COPTER VOR 336 approach?

Answer: 400 CIG ½ sm Vis

You cannot reduce visibility on COPTER approaches!

3838Vol 14

3939

You cannot reduce visibility if there is a restriction in the PILOT BRIEFING section or the PLAN VIEW of the IAP


4040

1. 1. Is Radar Required for the approach procedure?Is Radar Required for the approach procedure?

2. 2. Are the Approach Navaids Unmonitored?Are the Approach Navaids Unmonitored?

3. 3. Is forecast Predominant Weather @ ETA + 1 hr Less Is forecast Predominant Weather @ ETA + 1 hr Less Than:Than:– Ceiling, 400 Feet Above Planning MinimumCeiling, 400 Feet Above Planning Minimum– Visibility, 1 Mile greater than Planning MinimumVisibility, 1 Mile greater than Planning Minimum

VFR Exception VFR Exception – Alternate is not required if descent – Alternate is not required if descent from minimum en route altitude for IFR operation, from minimum en route altitude for IFR operation, approach, and landing can be made in VFR approach, and landing can be made in VFR conditions.conditions.

When is an Alternate Airfield Required? AR 95-1, para 5-2. e.

When the answer is yes to any of these questions.

4141

What is the minimum Weather that would not require an Alternate when filing to the S-ILS RWY 10 approach at MGM?

¼

+400 -1

600 – 1 ¼ or higher required at ETA Plus 1 hour to not need an

Alternate

4242

Vol 14

4343

VFR EXCEPTION VFR EXCEPTION

..

4444

What do the terms, Minimum Altitude for IFR Operations or Minimum IFR Altitude

(MIA), include?These terms may include any of the following:

1.MEA, while on an airway

2.MOCA, while on an airway within 22nm of the NAVAID

3.Published Feeder Route Altitude4.IAP segment minimum altitude5.MEA as determined by the Pilot when on a “Direct” Route using VFR Sectional.

V-703000

Airport Elevation 250 ft

IFR Alternate Planning. VFR Exception Rule. Determine minimum Ceiling for VFR conditions

when applying the VFR exception rule.

Required information:

1.MIA (min IFR altitude)2.Airport elevation3.Required VFR cloud clearance

3000V-70

V-703000


MIA (MEA in this example) 3000Subtract airport elevation -250 2750Add VFR cloud clearance, (below) +500 3250Round up to next 100 feet. 3300. This is the minimum ceiling necessary to have VFR conditions at your MIA.



V-703000


3300 CIG – 3 sm would be required at this airport to meet ceiling and visibility requirements that would result in VFR conditions at the MIA.



4848

Alternate required MEMORY AIDAlternate required MEMORY AID

MWRMWR

MM. un. unMMonitored navaidonitored navaid

WW. . WWeather less than 400-1 eather less than 400-1 above planning minimaabove planning minima

RR. . RRadar requiredadar required


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Let’s now determine if a selected Let’s now determine if a selected IAP qualifies for use as an IAP qualifies for use as an

Alternate when an Alternate is Alternate when an Alternate is required.required.

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Alternate Airfield SelectionAR 95-1, Para 5-2. f.

Use Forecast Weather (TAF)Use Worst WeatherCeiling and Visibility Requirements Forecast weather for IAP to be flown must be equal or greater than 400-1 above Planning Minimums

Forecast Valid Time (ETA plus 1 hour)Use Area Forecast if TAF is unavailable

5151

What is the lowest forecast CIG and visibility that would allow this DHN S-ILS 32 approach to be used as an Alternate?

¼

Add +400 - 1

Lowest forecast is 600 - 1 ¼ at ETA + 1 hr to use this IAP as an alternate

Planning Minimums

5252Vol 14

1. Not Authorized1. Not Authorized

2. Radar Required

3. Navaids unmonitored4. B, C, D, or E surface based airspace does not

exist or is not in effect at the selected alternate

5. GPS Required

NA

Alternate Airfield SelectionAlternate Airfield SelectionAn Approach procedure will not be selected as an An Approach procedure will not be selected as an

alternate if: alternate if:

A

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VFR EXCEPTION: “An airfield may be selected as an alternate when the worst weather condition for that airfield is forecast for ETA through 1 hour after ETA to be equal or greater than—VFR minimums and descent from en route minimum altitude for IFR operation, approach, and landing can be made in VFR conditions.” AR 95-1, paragraph 5-2, f.

This exception allows use of an approach procedure for alternate even if the previous 5 mentioned restrictions apply

Alternate Selection Memory Aid…Alternate Selection Memory Aid…

Wx GRAMSWx GRAMS

Wx. Wx. Weather forecast equal to or greater than 400-Weather forecast equal to or greater than 400-1 above weather planning minima1 above weather planning minima

G. GPS requiredG. GPS required R. Radar requiredR. Radar required A. A N/AA. A N/A M. Monitored NAVAIDSM. Monitored NAVAIDS S. Surface based S. Surface based Controlled Airspace not Controlled Airspace not

in effect.in effect.

5555

5656

?


5757

ELO CELO C

Determine additional sources of Determine additional sources of weather information available to the weather information available to the

pilotpilot

5858

Once you have departed there may Once you have departed there may be a need to obtain weather be a need to obtain weather

updates due to changing weather updates due to changing weather conditions. conditions.

5959

Inflight Sources of Weather Inflight Sources of Weather Information Information

See AIM or FIH for discussion of the following.See AIM or FIH for discussion of the following.

En RouteEn Route

EFASPMSVHIWASFSS

DestinationDestination

FSSATISAWOSASOS

6060

6161

?

6262

Determine how and when to adjustment Minima

ELO D

6363

Remote Altimeter Minima Adjustment

6464

Go to your TROY ILS RWY 7 approach

chart.

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Note the PILOT BRIEF instructions regarding altimeter setting.

6666

Note, “When local altimeter setting not received, use Montgomery Rgnl altimeter setting and increase all DA to 701 and all MDA 120 feet, increase S-ILS vis for all

CAT ¼ mile.”

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701 (300-1)

6868

1000

6969

1060


7070

7171

INOP components Minima adjustments.

TERPS DESIGN CRITERIATERPS DESIGN CRITERIA

Non-Precision Non-Precision Approach Approach procedures procedures for Category A, B, & C:for Category A, B, & C:

Visibility criteria of 1 Visibility criteria of 1 SMSM

Precision Approach Precision Approach procedures for procedures for Category A, B, C:Category A, B, C:

Visibility criteria of ¾ Visibility criteria of ¾ SMSM

Factors that can raise visibility Factors that can raise visibility requirementsrequirements

Height Above Height Above Touchdown (HAT)Touchdown (HAT)

Final Approach Course Final Approach Course Runway AlignmentRunway Alignment

Effect of ObstaclesEffect of Obstacles Length of final Length of final

approachapproach

Approach Light Systems (ALS)Approach Light Systems (ALS)

Authorized Approach Authorized Approach Light System will Light System will permit an approach to permit an approach to be certified with be certified with visibility minimums visibility minimums below the basic design below the basic design requirements.requirements.

Inoperative ComponentsInoperative Components

When the approach lights are out of service When the approach lights are out of service all approaches will normally revert back to all approaches will normally revert back to the minimums that would have applied had the minimums that would have applied had the lighting system never been installed.the lighting system never been installed.

Therefore, we as the pilot must adjust the Therefore, we as the pilot must adjust the weather planning visibility using the weather planning visibility using the Inoperative Component Chart or follow the Inoperative Component Chart or follow the instructions in the Pilot’s Briefing section.instructions in the Pilot’s Briefing section.

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INOP Components minimaAdjustments. Page XX.

Page A1 in the TPP

DoD FLIP p. XX

7777

SCENARIO: When planning an IFR mission, you check NOTAMS, and determine that the ALSF 1 approach lights are inoperative for the runway that you plan to execute a VOR approach to.

7878

The INOP Components Table requires an adjustment to Minimums when the ALSF-1 lighting system is inop.

1. Locate the Table that applies to the type Approach to be flown. VOR in our example

2. Locate the Line that applies to the INOP component, ALSF-1, and your approach category A.

3. Determine the amount to Increase Planning Minimum Visibility

In this instance we will add ½ mile visibility to our planning minimums

7979

We determine from the IAP that the published planning minimums for the VOR approach we intend to fly is listed as: (500 – ¾)

We determined that we need to increase planning visibility

by ½ mile from Table (3)

Next we will add ½ to ¾. ½ + ¾ 1 ¼ Final step, we will reduce 1 ¼ by 50% to determine our new HELICOPTER planning minimum visibility.

1 ¼ reduced by 50% = 5/8 sm.Adjusted planning minimums are (500 – 5/8) due to inop ALSF-1

8080

CAUTIONCAUTIONCAUTIONAdd the value determined in the INOP components Table to your planning minima before you reduce by 50% ! ! ! ! ! ! !

Ref. AR 95-1, 5-2, c., (5)

8181

In this IAP CATs A&B increase vis to 1 sm when the ALS (approach lighting system) is inop. If the minima adjustment procedure is listed in the PILOT BRIEFING section it is not necessary to refer to the INOP Components Table.


8282

8383

Determine Dual VOR minimums

AR 95-1. para. 5-5. a. (4)

8484

AR 95-1. para. 5-5. a. (4)

Dual VOR minima apply. Army Aviators are allowed to use dual VOR minima even if aircraft is equipped with only one VOR receiver. Off tuning from the approach Navaid is authorized.

8585

Dual VOR minima apply. Army aviators may useThe dual minima using only one VOR receiver

Use these minima

8686

•Arrival - AR 95-1 excerpts:•Arrival - AR 95-1 excerpts:

•Acceptance of a charted visual approach clearance is not mandatory.•Acceptance of a charted visual approach clearance is not mandatory.

•Only an approved procedure will be flown.•Only an approved procedure will be flown.

•An approach may be initiated or continued regardless of ceiling and visibility.•An approach may be initiated or continued regardless of ceiling and visibility.

8787

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Check on Check on learning - Quizlearning - Quiz

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TD 68 Weather Flight Planning PE Critique.TD 68 Weather Flight Planning PE Critique.1.1.Wx brief source? Wx brief source? 2626thth OWS, 866-223-9328 (FIH) OWS, 866-223-9328 (FIH)

2.2.Wx void time? Wx void time? Add 1+30 to brief time. Forecaster @ 26Add 1+30 to brief time. Forecaster @ 26thth can can update.update.

3.3.T/O min @ 79J?T/O min @ 79J? 100- ¼ 100- ¼

4.4. When to turn on departure? When to turn on departure? 710 ft MSL 710 ft MSL (airport elevation + 400ft)(airport elevation + 400ft)

5.5.Min climb rate? Min climb rate? 300 fpm300 fpm. (use E6B. 90kts g/s, 200ft/nm = 300 . (use E6B. 90kts g/s, 200ft/nm = 300 fpm)fpm)

6.6.Min cig to file to EDN? Min cig to file to EDN? 500 – ½ 500 – ½ (VOR) If planning to the VOR(VOR) If planning to the VOR

300-1/2 300-1/2 (GPS) If planning to the GPS Approach (GPS) If planning to the GPS Approach

7. Do you need an alternate at EDN? 7. Do you need an alternate at EDN? YESYES for VOR (VOR is umto) for VOR (VOR is umto)

NONO for GPS for GPS

8. What min wx at EDN would not require an alternate using the 8. What min wx at EDN would not require an alternate using the VOR IAP? VOR IAP? 2200 – 3 2200 – 3 MEA 2000, minus field elev (361), plus cloud MEA 2000, minus field elev (361), plus cloud clearance (500), then round up) 2000 – 361 = 1639 + 500 = 2139 clearance (500), then round up) 2000 – 361 = 1639 + 500 = 2139 (2200)(2200)

9. Min cig and vis to initiate the approach at EDN? 9. Min cig and vis to initiate the approach at EDN? 0 – 0 0 – 0 ch 5, AR ch 5, AR 95-195-1

10. Min forecast wx at Cairns that would allow you to use Cairns as 10. Min forecast wx at Cairns that would allow you to use Cairns as an atlternate? an atlternate? 600 – 1 ¼ 600 – 1 ¼ If planning for the ILS approachIf planning for the ILS approach

THE ENDTHE END

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