Smart Mobility Development in Road- based Public ... · Charles K. Kao Auditorium, Science Park 22 September 2015 . What’s wrong with this picture? CONFIDENTIAL 1 The Kowloon Motor

CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY

Any use of this material without specific permission of The Kowloon Motor Bus Co (1933) Ltd. is strictly prohibited.

Smart Mobility Development in Road-

based Public Transportation System -

The Hong Kong Experience

APAC Innovation Summit 2015 Series

SMART CITIES

Charles K. Kao Auditorium, Science Park

22 September 2015

CONFIDENTIAL

What’s wrong with this picture?

1

The Kowloon Motor Bus Co. (1933) Ltd.

CONFIDENTIAL

Bus is the most efficient road-based transport mode

2

CONFIDENTIAL

Global Urban Mobility Index 2014

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High Public Transport Usage

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5

KMB is the largest franchised bus operator in Hong Kong with 67%

market share serving primarily Kowloon and the New Territories

Hong Kong Island

Kowloon & New Territories

Lantau Island

67% First Bus

2%

15%

13%

Citybus

Cityflyer

2%

Long Win

2%

New Lantao

Franchised bus daily ridership by operator

100% = 3.9 million passengers

66% First Bus

3%

14%

12%

Citybus

Cityflyer

3%

Long Win

2%

New Lantao

Source: 2014 Annual Transport Digest

Franchised bus fleet size by operator

100% = 5,850 buses

CONFIDENTIAL

A snapshot of KMB • The Kowloon Motor Bus Company (1933) Ltd has been operating for 82 years.

• Commercial operation with no Government subsidy or support.

• Carries nearly 2.7 million passengers each day

• Operates around 400 routes across Kowloon, New Territories and cross-harbour to Hong

Kong Island.

• Employs about 12,000 staff

– 8500 Bus Captains

– 500 other frontline staff (Inspectors, Terminus Supervisors, Bus Stop Assistants)

– 2000 Engineers and Mechanics

▪ Utilises about 3850 buses of which 3679 are double-deckers and 171 are single-deckers

▪ Double-deckers are primarily 3-axle and have a passenger capacity of 120 to 138.

▪ New 12.8 metre vehicles on trial can carry 146 and up to 154 passengers.

▪ Operate from 4 major multi-storey depots and several parking depots.

6


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With railway-as-backbone public transport policy, the railway network

has expanded significantly in the last few decades alongside population

and economic growth

7


266

210

148

82

52

2000 1990 1980 2010 Expected

by 2022

Hong Kong Railway Network

Kilometres of tracks

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=vagKP11WYvaJNM&tbnid=JYwohR9K1kjFCM:&ved=0CAgQjRw&url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTR&ei=fDnkU6DZJoLo8AWMg4KgCg&psig=AFQjCNHknhh2Yo3J-dDw5NNNIkUcLEIPNA&ust=1407552252750768

CONFIDENTIAL

Most Critical Link in SMART?

• Technology?

• Infrastructure?

• Regulation?

• Or the Customer / User?

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CONFIDENTIAL

The New Connected SMART Customer

• Demands information at his/her fingertips

• Demands more comfort / personal space

• Pulls content than wait for the pushed content

• Communicates primarily through Social Media

• Demands more environmental responsibility

• Demands more safety and security

• Demands more reliability and punctuality

• Willing to try disruptive technologies

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CONFIDENTIAL

This can be largely delivered through

• better buses – SMART Bus

• better infrastructure – SMART Roads; SMART Network;

Modern Bus Shelters

• better governance – SMART Policy; New Urbanism

• better technology

• better analytics

• better information

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SMART Bus

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Telematics / GPS /

Bus Stop Announcement

Wifi / NFC

Capability

Customer Engagement

• Comfort

• Communication

• Content Personalization

Better Safety

and Security Low Emissions Estimated Journey Time

Estimated Time of Arrival

KMB has already adopted or conducting trials on many of these areas.

CONFIDENTIAL

KMB has been studying different green technologies, and

we believe electric buses have the best potential

Assessment

▪ Some potential

▪ Not significant improvement in footprint and logistical hurdles

▪ Water only emission; but travel range is limited

▪ Very far from being commercially viable

▪ ~20-30% pollution improvement vs. diesel; tech is ready

▪ Strong operations track record but twice the price of diesel buses

▪ Zero emission; tech is ready and deployed in many cities

▪ Requires extensive overhead wires; inflexible operations

▪ Zero emission; technology being widely deployed in China

▪ Technology rapidly improving; but small number of suppliers

▪ Zero emission; commercially ready and gaining attention

▪ Technology is ready and improving

Biofuel

Hydrogen

Diesel hybrid

Trolley buses

Battery electric

Supercaps

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Soybus.jpg

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Lithium iron phosphate

battery (LFP eBus)

Lithium titanate

battery (LTO eBus)

Usable energy

stored on board

~11 kWh (gBus2)

>28 kWh** (upcoming) 240 kWh 64 kWh **

Single deck bus

driving range

6-10 km* (gBus2)

~15-30+ km** (upcoming) 133 -250 km* ~37 km **

Charging time

Rapid charging: 30 seconds

to operate 1 km

Fully charged in 3 hrs Rapid charging:

For 38 kWh in ~9 min

For 64 kWh in ~15 min

Operational

Requirements

Quick charging at termini

Suitable for all-day

operations on fixed routes

Hours of charging each

time at depot

Suitable for peak

hours services

Quick charging at termini

Suitable for all-day

operations on routes with

charging facilities

Supercapacitor Battery-electric

* Fully laden with air-conditioning on level terrain under smooth traffic conditions

** Preliminary estimates; actual results subject to trial

Comparison amongst the different electric bus

technologies

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SMART Road Management

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Bus Lanes / BRT

Active Priority

At Junctions

Mandatory Give Way

Congestion Management Incident Management Electronic Road

Pricing

KMB has been persistently advocating these with the Government.

CONFIDENTIAL

SMART Network

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Bus-Bus Interchanges

Facility Integration Fare Integration

Traffic Management

Centre

Integrated Information Traveler Information

System

KMB has been persistently advocating these with the Government.

CONFIDENTIAL

BUS Interchanges are popular

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Next bus arrival time

Clear signage Covered waiting area

Route information

directory

Queuing railing

with seating

Free Wi-fi access &

free newspaper

CONFIDENTIAL

SMART Bus Facilities

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Estimated bus arrival time display panels;

Passenger capacity of next coming bus

Alerts when a bus is approaching;

Interactive advertising / information panels

Wi-Fi service

Augmented Reality

Vending machines

USB charging slots

CCTV monitoring

KMB has already adopted or conducting trials on many of these areas.

CONFIDENTIAL

SMART Governance

19


Dynamic /

Predictive

Planning

Crowd

Sourcing

Policy

Reforms

Service

Orientated

Regulation

Demand

Responsive

Intelligent

Transport

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300,000

320,000

340,000

360,000

380,000

400,000

420,000

440,000

460,000

480,000

500,000

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013

Nu

mb

er

of

licen

sed

pri

vate

cars

in

Ho

ng

Ko

ng

Road length CAGR ~0.9%

CONFIDENTIAL

21


Speeds of urban bus routes have decreased by 16% in the

past few years Average Speed of Urban Routes in 2007*

Percent of bus routes

Average Speed

0%

10 - 15 km/hr 50%

15 - 20 km/hr 45%

Above 20 km/hr 5%

Below 10 km/hr 5%

10 - 15 km/hr 84%

Below 10 km/hr

15 - 20 km/hr 9%

Above 20 km/hr 2%

Average Speed of Urban Routes in 2013*

Percent of bus routes

15.4 km/hr 12.9 km/hr -16%

Note: Speed at peak hour is based on 90% reliability of journey time

Source: KMB operating data

Some routes in

heavily

congested

areas are not

much faster

than walking

(4-5 km/hr)

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22


Engineer – Educate – Enforce

Illegal parking/waiting in bus stops Illegal boarding and alighting

activities at bus stops

Supposedly no stopping along

“double yellow lines” at bus stops

Supposedly no stopping along

“double yellow lines” at bus stops

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Using New Methods to Collect Data

and Deliver Information

23


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Smart Analytics

24


Telematics / Bus

Operation Data

Open Data

(Real-time Traffic

Information;

Incident

Information;

Weather; Events)

Customer Data

(Structured data

from AFCS System

and Unstructured

data from Social

Media)

SMART Strategize – Measure metrics – Analyze – Recommend - Transform

THE FUTURE OF MOBILITY

CONFIDENTIAL

Global Urban Mobility Index 2014

Source: Arthur D. Little Urban Mobility Index 2.0

CONFIDENTIAL

Thank You.

Documents

Smart Mobility Development in Road- based Public ... · Charles K. Kao Auditorium, Science Park 22 September 2015 . What’s wrong with this picture? CONFIDENTIAL 1 The Kowloon Motor