Smart Grids and Beyond Overview How can new technology help cities provide better service, promote efficiency and conservation, foster renewable energy, and save money? We’ll hear about smart meter and smart grid programs from around the country. Materials

Ken Geisler, “The Relationship Between Smart Grids and Smart Cities,” IEEE Smart Grid, accessed June 2013.

SG – 1

“Jones Lang LaSalle’s ‘Connected City’ Study Ties Cities’ Smart Grid Use to Economic Drivers for CRE Health,” JonesLangLaSalle.com, October 8, 2012.

SG – 3

Jeff Spross, “Chicago Suburb Oak Park Joins International Solar-Powered Smart Grid Test,” ThinkProgress.org, January 27, 2013.

SG – 5

Darby Minow Smith, “Oak Park Test Drives a Blackout-Proof, Solar-Powered Smart Grid,” Grist.com, January 25, 2013.

SG – 7

Andres Carvallo, “LIGHTSON: Austin Energy Delivers First Smart Grid in the US,” ElectricEnergyOnline.com, accessed June 2013.

SG – 11

Nora Caley, “A Tale of Two Smart Grids,” ColoradoBiz Magazine, July 1, 2012.

SG – 15

John R. Marks III, “Tallahassee: A Nationally Recognized Leader in Public Utilities,” USMayors.org, September 17, 2012.

SG – 19

Melissa Barnes, “Pecan Street Demonstrates the Potential of Smart Grid Technology,” ENC Magazine, January 7, 2013.

SG – 21

Matthew L. Wald, “In Two-Way Charging, Electric Cars Begin to Earn Money From the Grid,” New York Times, April 25, 2013.

SG – 25

Jim Parks, “Smart Grid Implementation in Sacramento,” IEEE Smart Grid, accessed June 2013.

SG – 27

-2-

Jeff St. John, “Bringing Smart Grid Intelligence to Street Lights in Paris,” The Energy Collective, May 16, 2013.

SG – 29

“SmartGrid Project Overview,” KCP&L Smart Grid, accessed June 2013.

SG – 31

Robert Carr, “BOMA’s Smart Grid Joins Other Chicago Sustainable Efforts,” NREI Online, March 11, 2013.

SG – 33

“Salem Smart Power Project,” Portland General Electric, website accessed June 2013.

SG – 35

“Fort Zed Fact Sheet,” FortZed.com, accessed June 2013.

SG – 37

Brad Berton, “How Fort Collins Created America’s First Zero-Energy District,” The Atlantic Cities, February 22, 2013.

SG – 39

“S&C Electric Company, EPB and the U.S. Dept. of Energy Reach Smart Grid Installation Milestone,” S&C Electric Company, April 24, 2012.

SG – 45

Katherine Tweed, “Chattanooga Cuts Outages in Half After Recent Storm,” GreenTechMedia.com, July 12, 2012.

SG – 47

Katherine Tweed, “Smart Grid Saves EPB Chattanooga $1.4M in One Storm,” GreenTechMedia.com, August 1, 2013.

SG – 49

“National Grid Unveils Future Home of Sustainability Hub,” National Grid, website accessed June 2013.

SG – 51

Speakers John Marks was first elected Mayor of the City of Tallahassee in 2003 has been re-elected twice, in 2006 and 2010. He serves on the Board of Advisors for the U.S. Conference of Mayors and has served as the President of both the Florida League of Mayors (2005-2007) and the Florida League of Cities (2009-2010). Mayor Marks is admitted to practice law before the U.S. Supreme Court and the Florida Supreme Court and was named Florida Super Lawyer (Utility Regulatory Law) by Florida Super Lawyers magazine in 2006 and 2007. In 1979 Governor Bob Graham appointed Mayor Marks to the Florida Public Service Commission, where he served for eight years. Prior to that, he served four years in the U.S. Air Force as a Judge Advocate. Named one of Florida State University’s 100 Distinguished Graduates, Mayor Marks received his B.S. degree in 1969 from the FSU School of Business and his Juris Doctor degree in 1972 from the FSU College of Law. K.C. Doyle serves as Sustainability Manager for Oak Park and is responsible for leading efforts to foster an environmentally sustainable Oak Park and educate Village residents and employees as to best practices for sustainability. In the past 2 and ½ years, K.C. has successfully secured over $750,000 in grant money for a 100-kilowatt solar panel array, assisted in attracting international smart grid investors to Oak Park, co-created Oak Park’s annual Earth Fest, started a community garden, and collaborated with stakeholders on PlanItGreen, the community sustainability vision plan. K.C. also oversees programming for energy efficiency, water conservation, alternative transportation choices, smart grid investment, air quality and community outreach programs. K.C. received her J.D. from Chicago-Kent College of Law and her B.A. in Journalism from Marquette University. Suzanne Russo serves as Chief Operating Officer for Pecan Street Inc. Prior to joining Pecan Street in October 2010, she spent three years as Director of Sustainability Initiatives for New York City’s Department of Housing Preservation and Development where she led the development of green building and sustainable retrofit standards for municipally-funded affordable housing. An urban planner with a Masters degree in Community and Regional Planning from the University of Texas at Austin, Suzanne has worked in East Africa, China, India and several states in the USA on community-based sustainable development.

Join the Smart Grid Technical Community

The Relationship Between Smart Grids and Smart Cities Written by Ken Geisler http://smartgrid.ieee.org/may-2013/869-the-relationship-between-smart-grids-and-smart-cities

In a smart city, energy, water, transportation, public health and safety, and other key services are managed in concert to support smooth operation of critical infrastructure while providing for a clean, economic and safe environment in which to live, work and play. Timely logistics information will be gathered and supplied to the public by all means available, but particularly through social media networks. Conservation, efficiency and safety will all be greatly enhanced. The energy infrastructure is arguably the single most important feature in any city. If unavailable for a significant enough period of time, all other functions will eventually cease. A smart grid alone does three things. First, it modernizes power systems through self-healing designs, automation, remote monitoring and control, and establishment of microgrids. Second, it informs and educates consumers about their energy usage, costs and alternative options, to enable them to make decisions autonomously about how and when to use electricity and fuels. Third, it provides safe, secure and reliable integration of distributed and renewable energy resources. All these add up to an energy infrastructure that is more reliable, more sustainable and more resilient. Thus, a smart grid sits at the heart of the smart city, which cannot fully exist without it. Smart cities depend on a smart grid to ensure resilient delivery of energy to supply their many functions, present opportunities for conservation, improve efficiencies and, most importantly, enable coordination between urban officialdom, infrastructure operators, those responsible for public safety and the public. The smart city is all about how the city "organism" works together as an integrated whole and survives when put under extreme conditions. Energy, water, transportation, public health and safety, and other aspects of a smart city are managed in concert to support smooth operation of critical infrastructure while providing for a clean, economic and safe environment in which to live, work and play. Here is one example of how cost-effective efficiency can be achieved in a smart city: Water utilities are typically one of the largest consumers of energy in a city; savings can be achieved by lessening their consumption of electricity as the electric utility nears its peak condition when energy is most expensive. By coordinating with the electric utility and shifting water pumping to non-peak hours, the water utility can reduce its energy consumption (and ultimately its bill), help the electric utility avoid problems and allow other more critical and less flexible functions (such as hospitals) to maintain uninterrupted supply. In the same sense, electric trains can be accelerated more slowly to reduce power consumption while maintaining schedules. Building owners and the public can also participate in demand response programs to the same end. Building on all combined data points and analysis of the smart grid, the smart city represents the next step in the process. Under extreme conditions, the most critical functions of a smart city would be maintained and logistics information seamlessly coordinated with the public. The smart grid would shed load in a predictable and more manageable fashion so that critical city infrastructure and functions are maintained (among them, police, fire, hospitals), supported by microgrids. Self-healing automation would restore power rapidly to areas where alternate routes are available. Local generation would be exploited to support immediate needs. The community (industry, commercial, residential) would respond, automatically, to reduce their energy needs to lessen the burden of restoration. Transportation and traffic systems would coordinate with the energy systems to support critical transportation arteries and modes. Through it all, timely logistics information would be gathered and supplied to the public by all means available, but particularly through social media networks. Conservation, efficiency and safety will all be greatly enhanced through the availability of accurate logistical information.

SG - 1 of 52

Needless to say, these capabilities are not in place in their entirety anywhere in the world, as yet. But there are significant existing implementations and initiatives in progress in many cities and utilities—among them Kansas City Power and Light’s Green Impact Zone Project, and Coop City in New York’s Westchester County—to transform their businesses and communities to this view over the next ten years. Not surprisingly, energy infrastructure providers, developers, operators and consumers are leading this movement. The evolving technology base presents a key enabler to making the vision a reality. In truth, much of the technology already exists to take the first steps. Significant levels of automation, communications and information technology are already being brought to bear on the electrical distribution systems of many utilities to improve reliability. There is a clear movement toward driving more intelligence into substations and field equipment to make faster decisions on fault isolation, location and restoration, feeder reconfiguration, and voltage and reactive power management. At the same time, a growing penetration of renewable generation means new needs for managing adaptive protection equipment and extending related substation designs. More than ever, implementation of equipment and protection schemes that support defined standards (such as IEC 61850, which covers substation automation), and principles of integrating information and operations technologies, are becoming an essential element in an effective overall design. The result is more observability and controllability of the energy delivery network, where advanced control center visualization and analysis capabilities can be applied to better manage the growing “fleet” of intelligent agents. In addition, the integration of variable and distributed generation resources into the delivery network calls for greater means of balancing load and generation resources, where many utilities are investigating and implementing demand response programs that provide for a surgical alignment of demand management with available generation. This promotes the potential for more options and incentives for participation of the residential, commercial and industrial segments of cities and communities in energy conservation, efficiency and demand response programs. Home and building automation systems have become integral parts of this movement, which will continue to increase. Advanced metering infrastructures, meter data management systems and advanced data analytics will gather, assess and formulate essential information to refine forecasting, determine load response and improve operational decision-making. Again, integration of these capabilities will be supported through model and building automation standards such as IEC 61970/61968 and Open ADR2. This all links directly back to the concept of smart grids enabling smart cities, whose other functions are also continuing to evolve. The technology base supporting a city’s infrastructure, buildings, industry and consumers all continue to move toward more flexible, compatible, automated and intelligent platforms. Smart cities, like the smart grid, will evolve slowly, but surely, over the next two decades. They will more fully harness, integrate and utilize information to be shared between departments, infrastructure operators and with citizens. Cities will partner with vendors to create integrated solutions, and the smart grid will become only a part of a greater, more responsive urban ecosystem. Ultimately, with the smart city, we are all in it together.

Contributor Ken Geisler is Vice President of Strategy for Siemens Smart Grid in the United States. He has over 30 years of management and technical experience in defining, designing, developing and implementing large integrated solutions in the energy industry.

SG - 2 of 52

Jones Lang LaSalle’s “Connected City” Study Ties Cities’ Smart Grid Use to Economic Drivers

for CRE Health

http://www.us.am.joneslanglasalle.com/UnitedStates/ENUS/Pages/Newsitem.aspx?ItemID=26181#.UgUWKZK7I1I

Success of Jones Lang LaSalle’s IntelliCommandSM energy and facility management system underscores cost and

efficiency advantages of “Connected City” companies and cities

ORLANDO AND SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. 8, 2012 — A “Connected City” study by Jones Lang LaSalle revealed a

correlation between municipal investment and application of smart grid technologies and three key economic

indicators of the health of the commercial real estate (“CRE”) industry: strong employment, GDP growth, and

positive office market occupancy. When Jones Lang LaSalle’s researchers compared “Connected City” smart grid

cities with North American averages, they found that connected cities have an annual GDP growth rate that is 0.7

percent higher, an unemployment rate that is a full percentage point lower, and office occupancy rates 2.5 percent

higher than less advanced cities.

“Cities that invest in smart grid technology and infrastructure, and that implement programs to enable energy-

efficient corporate operations, are winning the competition for new businesses and job growth,” said Dan Probst,

Chairman, Energy and Sustainability Services, Jones Lang LaSalle. “This correlation speaks to the value of strong

relationships between public sector infrastructure custodians and power suppliers and the responsibilities of

private businesses to be smart users of energy and to work together to drive productivity improvements at both

the city and individual corporation level.”

What Makes a “Connected City”?

A smart grid is a power delivery system that uses advanced information technology to improve the effectiveness

and sustainability of energy production and distribution, as explained by Jones Lang LaSalle researcher Christian

Beaudoin in this video.

To evaluate the impact of smart grid investment on economic performance, Beaudoin compared the economic

performance of connected cities with North American averages. He began with a list of Smart Grid Cities from U.S.

News & World Report, identified according to a combination of regulation, financial commitments, time-of-use

tariffs, reverse billing options and smart metering that enable companies and residents to manage energy usage

more effectively. The 10 cities were then compared as a group with national averages for employment, GDP

growth and office market occupancy, as demonstrated in Figure One.

“The Smart Grid Cities were chosen on the basis of their investments in smart grid technology,” according to

Beaudoin, Jones Lang LaSalle Vice President and Director of Americas Corporate Research. “Their collective strong

economic performance should be of interest to corporations locating new operations, as well as municipalities

considering an investment in smart grid technologies.”

SG - 3 of 52

Smart Grids, Smart Corporate Energy Users

But what is a smart grid without a smart user? The vast

majority of a city’s urban fabric is comprised of buildings

owned or leased by private entities. To realize the full

potential of smart grid technology, there has emerged a new

approach to building automation and integrated facilities

management, where data is aggregated across an entire

portfolio, providing insights into achieving optimal

performance. Remote, continuous monitoring of facility

energy use provides the ability to effectively leverage

connectivity with a smart grid to reduce energy cost and

carbon footprint. In this way, on-the-ground service and

automation technology offered through programs like

the IntelliCommandSM platform provide a strategic interface

with municipal smart grid technology.

Integrated facilities management systems that enable real-

time energy use monitoring can make it possible for

corporations to better manage their use of the public grid,

achieving cost savings and carbon footprint reduction by

proactively optimizing the power drawn off the smart grid.

These systems make it possible to extend the benefits of the

Smart Grid beyond the public infrastructure, and into

privately held real estate.

These benefits are already widely anticipated. Today at the CoreNet Global Summit in Orlando, corporate real

estate executives are gathering to look at top current corporate real estate and facility management trends,

including the evolving role of buildings and smart grid technologies. In the recent Corporate Real Estate

2020 research, CoreNet Global experts predict that by the year 2020, buildings will be contributors to the grid, not

just consumers of energy. It will require both smart grid infrastructure and efficiently managed corporate facilities

to achieve that synergy.

Similarly, tomorrow at the launch of the annual Meeting of the Minds conference in San Francisco, stakeholders

from the public, private and non-profit sectors are gathering to discuss smart grid and other related issues and

technologies. Speakers from Cisco, Oracle and other companies, including Jones Lang LaSalle’s workplace and

technology expert Peter Miscovich, will address the intersection of space, sustainability and the future of work.

A leader in the facilities outsourcing field, Jones Lang LaSalle’s Corporate Solutions business helps corporations

improve the cost, efficiency and performance of their national, regional or global real estate portfolios by creating

outsourcing partnerships to manage and execute a range of services. This service delivery capability helps create

new client relationships, particularly as companies turn to the outsourcing of their real estate activity as a way to

manage expenses and enhance productivity and profitability.

For more news, videos and research resources on Jones Lang LaSalle, please visit the firm’s U.S. media center

webpage. Bookmark it here: http://www.us.am.joneslanglasalle.com/UnitedStates/EN-US/Pages/News.aspx.

Figure One: “Connected City” Economic

Performance ComparisonRank Source: The ten cities were identified by U.S. News

& World Report as “Connected Cities” with smart

grid technologies in-place.

Economic data comparison provided by Jones Lang

LaSalle.

SG - 4 of 52

Chicago Suburb Oak Park Joins

International Solar-Powered Smart Grid Test

By Jeff Spross on January 27, 2013 at 9:11 am

http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2013/01/27/1499321/chicago-suburb-oak-park-joins-international-solar-powered-

smart-grid-test/

The village of Oak Park, a suburb west of

Chicago, was recently selected from a list of

competing volunteer neighborhoods to be the

test site for smart grid technology.

The project is a joint venture between the

Korean Smart Grid Institute and the Institute for

Sustainable Energy Development, and will

involve placing a set of twelve or thirteen 3-

kilowatt solar panels, along with a battery

system, on the roofs of 100 residential and 100

multifamily buildings. They’ll also all be linked

up to an electrical grid boasting smart meters,

and once the test run of the system is over the building owners will get to keep the installations,

worth $20,000 to $30,000 a pop.

Oak Park’s sustainability manager, K.C. Poulos, sat down with Grist for an interview about the

project that ran on Friday. The hope, as she put it, is to demonstrate new ways to generate,

transmit, and use electricity — providing greater efficiencies, lower costs to consumers, and

hopefully the seed bed for a more sustainable energy economy:

[The Korean Smart Grid Institute] did the demonstration on an island in

South Korea called Jeju Island. It’s kind of like their Hawaii — it’s a

resort area. They were able to put up a demonstration that showed how

distributed generation like solar can be connected to a network operations

center. All of these houses got battery storage so when you weren’t

using your solar power in the house, you could store it in a battery

system. When the grid on that island became overloaded with

demand, the network operating system could send messages to those

households saying, “You need to use to your battery. We’re going to

take all of the energy from your solar panels for the next four hours

and put them right on the grid. And then we will send you a check

next month. Thank you very much for letting us buy your power for

four hours.” [...]

Oak Park and Korea Smart Grid Institute sign

agreement

SG - 5 of 52

The [scenario for Oak Park homeowners] we talk about the most is this

idea of collecting the solar energy during the day and storing it in the

battery and then having the house run on the battery at night so you’re

completely offline at night and the battery provides a phantom load —

your clocks, TV. Your energy load is pretty low at night but that

means you’re not taking anything off the grid. So you’re reducing

your bill right there.

Then let’s say there’s an outage in your neighborhood. What we want

these systems to be able to do is operate off the battery so these houses

can stay somewhat energized. It’s only a three kilowatt system on the

house so it’s not like you could have every appliance running at the

same time. You’ll have enough for lights, fans, and the refrigerator or

A/C. But at least you’re online still and you’re not losing an entire

freezer of meat. [...]

The [average number of outages] for Oak Park is 45 minutes per year.

What the number doesn’t tell you about is the stories I hear when

[residents] call up on day three of still not having power. Then I get calls

from restaurants. You’re talking about an entire week’s or month’s

inventory gone.

The total bill for the project will be $5 to $6 million, though Oak Park itself will not have to pay

the tab. Half the cost will be covered by the South Korean research institute, and the other by the

ISED’s efforts to secure government funding. Oak Park’s residents are instead agreeing to

participate in the project, to allow workers to set up the installations on their homes, and to allow

data about their power usage to be gathered and transmitted digitally for further study and

development of the technology. The information will be collected as an aggregate in order to

help protect individuals’ privacy, and to keep the experiment consumer-oriented.

As with other smart grid systems, the Oak Park project will allow for two way communication

between consumers and the grid hub, which will lessen the chances of outages and help improve

efficiency of energy use.

SG - 6 of 52

Oak Park test drives a blackout-proof, solar-powered smart grid

By Darby Minow Smith

http://grist.org/cities/oak-park-test-drives-a-blackout-proof-solar-powered-smart-grid/ The village of Oak Park might seem indistinguishable from

its neighbors. A suburb on the western edge of Chicago, it

shares a street grid with the city and a sustainability plan

with a bordering village, River Forest. But this community

of 50,000 people has a historic character all its own — and

is the hometown of an impressive range of talent, including

Homer Simpson voice actor Dan Castellaneta, Ernest

Hemingway, actress Betty White, political advisor David

Axelrod, and journalist Tavi Gevinson.

Last year, Oak Park bundled its residential electricity

accounts and went out to bid for a new energy supplier. Not

only did it end up with a more favorable rate, but the deal included 100 percent renewable energy

credits, adding 170 million kilowatt-hours of wind power into the regional grid.

And now, the village has volunteered to be a testing ground for “smart grid” technology that could

someday revolutionize the way we generate, transmit, and use electricity. And we’re not talking

about justsmart meters here — rather, a thoroughly digitized, completely transformed system that is

tied into a network of renewable sources like wind and solar, and is capable of “self-healing” during

storms and outages.

“Literally every piece of equipment along the way changes,” says Oak

Park’s sustainability manager, K.C. Poulos.

The project, which will include a network of small solar-electric systems

on residential roofs, is projected to cost between $5 and 6 million, and

half of the cost will be covered by the Korea Smart Grid Institute. Oak

Park is working with the International Institute for Sustainable Design

to secure funding for the rest.

I talked to Poulos for Knope and change, our series about the women

behind green changes in our city governments. Here’s an edited version

of our conversation about their smart grid experiment. Hat tip to Oak

Parker Doug Burke for the suggestion.

Q. Why are you working with the Korea Smart Grid Institute?

A. They did the demonstration on an island in South Korea called Jeju Island. It’s kind of like their

Hawaii — it’s a resort area. They were able to put up a demonstration that showed how distributed

generation like solar can be connected to a network operations center. All of these houses got battery

storage so when you weren’t using your solar power in the house, you could store it in a battery

system. When the grid on that island became overloaded with demand, the network operating system

Frank Lloyd Wright lived and worked in Oak Park. Photo: clarkmaxwell

K.C. Poulos

SG - 7 of 52

could send messages to those households saying, “You need to use to your battery. We’re going to

take all of the energy from your solar panels for the next four hours and put them right on the grid.

And then we will send you a check next month. Thank you very much for letting us buy your power

for four hours.”

Q. You might not even know your house is making you money?

A. Correct, but the system network operating has the ability to send messages to those houses. So

you could get a text message on your phone.

Q. For the Oak Park demonstration, do residents have to pay to install the solar panels and

smart grid systems?

A. There’s going to be no out-of-pocket expenses for the homeowner. In return, they are agreeing

to have the system put in place, to have workers come and work on their houses, and to also give up

their energy information to the operating center and to the people running it so we can study how you

use your energy given this new system.

Q. What will you be studying?

A. Minute to minute, this system will be collecting data on which of the 200 houses are using what

kind of energy. We’re less concerned with, “Oh so-and-so uses her hair dryer from 7:15 to 8.” [Eds.

note: So-and-so is either all of Twisted Sister or needs a new hair dryer.] It’s more a matter of

what’s the pattern of peak usage; how is the house reacting to different weather conditions; and is the

home owner changing his or her behavior?

Q. This is a Glenn Beckian nightmare. Agenda 21! Chicago political machines! How does it

feel to be taken over by a foreign entity?

A. This is a collaboration. It’s not the government itself of South Korea that’s working on this —

it’s their research institute and their smart grid companies. Their business mission is to create a

business model that would allow for the sale of their products. It’s less about Big Brother “we’re

going to watch you use your energy” and more about “Hey, what can we sell you?” It’s very

consumer-oriented.

Q. Have you gotten much backlash?

A. No. I’ve received hundreds of phone calls from residents who want to join. Keep in mind we’re

still finalizing the project. It will be interesting to see what kinds of

questions and concerns come up around that very topic of data privacy.

That’s a valid issue.

Q. How will the solar and battery energy interact with the grid?

A. There are a couple scenarios a homeowner can choose in terms of

how to use it. The one that we talk about the most is this idea of collecting

the solar energy during the day and storing it in the battery and then

having the house run on the battery at night so you’re completely offline at

night and the battery provides a phantom load — your clocks, TV. Your

energy load is pretty low at night but that means you’re not taking

anything off the grid. So you’re reducing your bill right there.

Downtown Oak Park. Photo: Eric Allix Rogers

SG - 8 of 52

Then let’s say there’s an outage in your neighborhood. What we want these systems to be able to do

is operate off the battery so these houses can stay somewhat energized. It’s only a three kilowatt

system on the house so it’s not like you could have every appliance running at the same time. You’ll

have enough for lights, fans, and the refrigerator or A/C. But at least you’re online still and you’re

not losing an entire freezer of meat.

Q. How often does Oak Park experience outages?

A. The way the utility provides that number is by average number of minutes out per year per

capita. The number for Oak Park is 45 minutes per year. What the number doesn’t tell you about is

the stories I hear when [residents] call up on day three of still not having power. Then I get calls from

restaurants. You’re talking about an entire week’s or month’s inventory gone.

Q. With climate change, that’s bound to get worse as days and nights heat up and stronger

storms knock out lines.

A. This is about climate adaptation too — we’re not just looking at consumer benefits. You want

the most resilient local grid system you can get. As temperatures rise, the accumulative effects just

keep getting worse and worse. It’s not going to wait for us to make up our minds about whether or

not we want to update this stuff. It’s going to keep on coming and we are going to be left holding the

bag if we don’t have a system that’s redundant, self-healing, and [monitorable].

Q. Why hasn’t aging electrical infrastructure become a national issue?

A. It’s a sleeper priority that flares up in citizen awareness when something goes wrong. For

example, Hurricane Sandy: You’re still hearing about sections of Long Island that are not receiving

reliable power. Long Island suffered for days and days and days and there are some irate residents

out there. But as the power is restored and you get back to your normal life, it goes into the back of

your mind again until the next emergency hits. We can’t live like that.

For me, from a national perspective, we need an energy policy that prioritizes infrastructure

rehabilitation and reinvestment. Smart grid investment and infrastructure have the potential to

provide even more savings and even more efficiency for business owners and residents beyond what

you can do in your own building in terms of smart appliances and energy management and putting

renewable energy on the building. Having a whole smart grid infrastructure is just like what we went

through in terms of changing from landlines to cell phones. Think of all the things we do now with

our phones that were not even conceivable in the 1970s.

Q. Why should the average American should care about this stuff?

A. Do I go for the emotional argument? It’s about the children.

Q. It’s always about the children.

A. You want your house to work as smart as your phone works. You want it be intuitive and you

want it to be clean energy that’s coming through. We are creating that possibility.

SG - 9 of 52

SG - 10 of 52

Austin Energy Delivers First Smart Grid in the US By: Andres Carvallo, Chief Information Officer, Austin Energy http://www.electricenergyonline.com/?page=show_article&mag=60&article=451

Many utilities around the country have announced plans to deploy smart meters (or will at least add some level of

intelligence to their wires over the next few years) with many of those projects scheduled for completion between

2012 and 2015. Xcel Energy’s Smart Grid City project in Boulder, Colorado is well under way and will be

completed next year. But in Austin – where things are routinely done in that uniquely Texas way – their initial smart

grid project has already been completed – now, in 2009 – while a lot of other utilities are just getting started.

Moreover, a newer and even more aggressive phase of Austin Energy’s smart grid plan (designated Smart Grid 2.0)

was already getting started as early as December 2008. Now, as AE rolls out its pilots for its The Pecan Street

Project – a unique and exceedingly innovative vision for what can legitimately be called the Smart Grid of the

Future – the enabling technology for even more advanced stages of their Smart Grid blueprint is already in place.

Here’s the rest of the story from Austin Energy’s dynamic, forward-thinking CIO, Andres Carvallo...

Smart Grid 1.0 By the end of this year, Austin Energy will have deployed 500,000 devices (86,000 smart thermostats;

410,000 smart meters from Elster, GE and AMI partner Landis + Gyr, covering all of our service

footprint; 2,500 sensors; and 3,000 computers, servers and network gear), gathering 100 terabytes of data

and servicing a million consumers and 43,000 businesses throughout the Austin metro area.

Our initial Smart Grid 1.0 deployment was completed in October 2009 - the first fully operational Smart

Grid deployment in the U.S. This landmark project comprises the seamless integration of our electric

grid; a communications network; and the hardware and software needed to monitor, control and manage

the creation, delivery and consumption of energy by every one of our customers. Smart Grid 1.0 goes

from the central power plant, through the transmission and distribution wires, to the meter and back. It

took us five years to deploy the full solution set at a cost of approximately $150 million. Smart Grid 2.0

will carry our Smart Grid plans even farther, providing the enabling technology for the advanced Smart

Grid initiatives envisioned by our Pecan Street Project.

We began deploying our first 127,000 smart meters in January 2003. Today, five years later, the 410,000

smart meters we now have installed can deliver consumption data every 15 minutes. Austin Energy is

testing the meters for the next phase of deployments now and plans to introduce some innovative new

programs early next year that will allow customers to start seeing tangible benefits from those substantial

investments in our future. The benefits will come primarily in the form of more efficient and less costly

data acquisition and faster and more accurate information about how energy is being consumed.

The Pecan Street Project defines Austin Energy’s smart grid initiative – a collaboration like no other. It all

began in December 2008 when Austin Energy, the City of Austin, its Chamber of Commerce and the

University of Texas teamed up to create Austin’s next-generation smart grid implementation. But this

ambitious project involves several other important organizations as well; these include: Applied

Materials, Cisco, Dell, Freescale Semiconductor, GE, GridPoint, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Oracle, the

SEMATECH consortium and the Environmental Defense Fund, all of which have a role in our smart grid

vision.

SG - 11 of 52

Why “The Pecan Street Project”? The city picked the historic name “Pecan Street Project1” to advertise its ideas and concepts around

energy efficiency, conservation, renewables and smart grid initiatives to the public – and indeed, the

world – to allow all interested parties follow, evaluate and better understand our intentions.

Sixth Street in Austin is our New Orleans Bourbon Street, and as such, it is a major artery of Austin’s

famous live music culture. But you’re no doubt wondering, why Pecan Street instead of Sixth Street?

Well first, the original name of Sixth Street was Pecan Street. But more importantly, the team that came

up with the Pecan Street Project name chose it because we are aspiring to achieve in clean tech that same

kind of leadership position that is associated with the live music Austin represents to people of all

geographical regions and walks of life the world over.

Next: Smart Grid 2.0 Austin Energy started working on this second phase of the project – Smart Grid 2.0 – in December of

2008. Since then, the team has been laser-focused on finding the answers to one vitally important

question: What happens to the smart grid beyond the meter and into the premises, the homes, factories

and businesses?

Smart Grid 2.0 is being driven by a growing vision of how homes and businesses will be different when

they have access to some form of distributed generation – perhaps a solar rooftop, for example –

connected to electric storage and smart appliances with an electric vehicle or two. And perhaps more

important: How could those consumer assets be integrated into the grid in a way that you would preserve

balance on the grid? That is, once distributed generation is feasible, not only will those consumers be

using energy, but they will also be putting energy back into the grid.

Let’s imagine for a moment that in 2015, 80,000 automobiles come from all over the continent to enjoy

South by Southwest – our famous music and film festival – filled with people from the North, South, East

and West. And let’s imagine that those 80,000 vehicles are either plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

(PHEVs) or some other type of electric cars, trucks or SUVs.

As those drivers ease into their seats they will set their in-vehicle navigation systems for South by

Southwest in Austin, Texas. The cars themselves will communicate with the Austin Energy smart grid,

identify the characteristics of the vehicles (and also their batteries) and initiate a whole new kind of

“charge accounts” for their drivers. With these new accounts – and their corresponding charging station

networks – up and running, our smart grid will provide the vehicles with information about where drivers

can charge their vehicles, including a choice of high-speed or regular charging mechanisms at restaurants,

hotels homes or other convenient locations in and around the city.

Meanwhile, the grid will negotiate directly with the vehicles – wirelessly – and communicate price

options for variable charging locations, which feature charging points that could take up to 10 hours to

charge – or as little as two hours – depending on cost, urgency and other factors.

The “back-end” of the system Austin Energy creates will be able to handle that scenario and more. Yet

what’s really missing is the car having the ability to interact with us as human drivers. To address and

solve that challenge, we’re already working with Mercedes, Ford, GM, Chrysler and Toyota to create as

seamless and transparent an experience as possible for driver and vehicle alike.

More Than Just Another Smart Grid Project The main goal of the Pecan Street Project is to transform Austin Energy into the urban power system of

SG - 12 of 52

the future while making the City of Austin and its local partners a model clean energy laboratory and hub

for the world’s emerging clean tech sector. In doing so, we seek to prove that it is possible to transform

the way we traditionally produce, use, store and trade energy into a new behavior that is simultaneously

consistent with our economical, environmental, social and security objectives and responsibilities.

Implementing this vision will likely include the following types of innovations:

Connected homes that incorporate smart end points such as meters, appliances, and local

generation, integrated with smart markets and distributed smart grids to enable two-way

electricity flow

Smart home energy control systems/portals that provide consumers with more information,

alternatives, and decision support

Smart appliances and devices that can turn off during times of peak demand or high energy

prices, driven either by the energy services provider’s policies or by consumer preferences

Smart markets that feature pricing built on supply and demand models and that vary according to

the time of day, day of year, etc. when the enegrgy is actualy consumed

Smart policies and government stimulus approaches that foster the innovation and

implementation of these technologies and markets

A “green economy” workforce that can build, design, test, install, maintain, operate and

continually improve and invent sustainable energy resources and innovative demand response

capabilities

Smart business plans that enable Austin Energy to continue to lead in this reinvention of the

energy system without compromising its sound financial foundation

Smart political leadership and popular will that shares the vision to make this project – and future

projects – a reality

Innovative laboratory environments supported by public, educational, private and NGO (Non-

governmental Organization) partnerships

Energy communities and networked information platforms that enable social network community

development, community energy markets and sustainable economic improvements

Smart transportation systems that incorporate two-way distributed approaches to information

flows, energy flows, and unified information and energy storage

Smart working alternatives that provide more green options to citizens, from smart working

centers with virtual life size video alternatives, to alternative mass transportation, alternative

routes, and stay-at-home options

Connected and sustainable buildings for management of commercial and personal real estate;

whether by tenants, owners, or energy services providers

At least, 300MW of alternative, distributed generation through distributed wind and solar

The Pecan Street Project comprises three distinct phases along with several parallel efforts. Although only

the first two phases are described here in any detail, the third phase involves a potentially new research

consortium and is even more creative and ambitious than the prior phases.

As previously mentioned, Smart Grid 1.0 was completed in October (2009) and focused on developing an

action plan for Austin Energy and identifying key barriers that had to be overcome for long-term success.

At the outset of Smart Grid 2.0, these barriers were organized into the following categories: Technology,

Workforce, Markets & Business Models, and Policies.

The Technology section will then be divided into three sub-categories; namely: 1) Projects ready for

implementation (for example, motion sensors for hallway lights); 2) projects that need to be tested and

SG - 13 of 52

verified when integrated into the grid; and 3) projects that need to be developed. Some projects will be

further categorized as generation, storage, efficiency, and low-tech options.

As technologies are verified over the first few years, they will be moved into implementation phase. And,

as technologies emerge from the initial research process, they will be re-categorized as ready for testing

and verification.

Policies will also be organized into several additional categories that accelerate adoption with incentives

for consumers, energy services providers, the City, and also the private sector. Various economic stimulus

approaches will also be examined and deployed, ranging from investments, bonds and tax incentives to

R&D partnerships – just a few of the methods we will carefully explore, evaluate and select to build out

the desired impact of green economy and Clean Tech Economy jobs.

Some policies can be readily identified for implementation. For example, removing the ability of

homeowner’s associations or others to prohibit the installation of solar panels, while others will be

identified, developed and worked through the appropriate regulatory, policy, and consumer acceptance

models.

Conclusion It is recognized that in order to change behaviors toward these positive opportunities, the Pecan Street

project must strive for an unprecedented level of collaboration among city, state, and federal authorities

will be required to ensure higher levels of consumer acceptance, satisfaction and a commitment to

contribute to a sustainable economy in Austin.

Just as it took a century to invent today’s energy system, the Pecan Street Project will require many years

to reinvent it. Consequently, the cycle of technological innovation and implementation is expected to take

place continuously. The inflection point of these two aspects will cause a disruption and accelerate the

transformation cycles from what would ordinarily have been decades, to a decade or less.

About the Author Andres Carvallo is the Chief Information Officer for Austin Energy, where he is responsible for the technology

vision, planning, development and operations across the enterprise. An expert in hardware, software and

communications, Carvallo joined AE in 2003 with the specific goal of freeing up capital and operating dollars to

build a new business for the company, the major outgrowths of which are AE’s Smart Grid initiatives and the

subsequent Pecan Street Project.

SG - 14 of 52

SG - 15 of 52

SG - 16 of 52

SG - 17 of 52

SG - 18 of 52

SG - 19 of 52

SG - 20 of 52

Pecan Street Demonstrates the Potential of Smart Grid Technology

ENC Magazine • January 7, 2013 Mon, 01/07/2013 – 11:33am Melissa Barnes, Associate Editor, PD&D When I first learned of Pecan Street, Inc. and the Smart Grid Demonstration Project, I knew little of the consortium’s mission. I had heard of smart grids before, but I was curious to know more about what the Pecan Street’s project was and how it was significant to the advancement of “green” technology. After learning more about the foundation’s intent from Communications Director, Colin Rowan, I discovered the importance of the research currently underway. As it turns out, Pecan Street is conducting quite a noteworthy study, with the potential to impact future technology and energy use.

Formerly known as the Pecan Street Project, the nonprofit consortium is headquartered in Austin, with the cooperation of the University of Texas. The research and development organization was founded for the purpose of accelerating innovation in smart grid technology through the partnership of energy-conscious companies and their consumers.

The Mueller Community Located at the site of Austin’s former municipal airport, the Mueller neighborhood strives to serve as a model for the ideal green community. When the airport was decommissioned in the 90s, the city sought to entirely redevelop the district into a multi-serving, self-sufficient community. The Pecan Street collective saw this up-and-coming neighborhood as the ideal location to carry out their research. The company sought an urban setting with energy conscious volunteers possessing an eagerness to adopt green technology tactics. The Mueller community and surrounding neighborhood is comprised of more than 500 participating homes. Boasting 700 acres of carbon-sequestered landscaping, the Mueller neighborhood is a possible glimpse into future sustainable and energy-rich communities.

With Pecan Street’s partnership and the support of local businesses, the neighborhood is still growing. It seems the level of eco-consciousness among its

SG - 21 of 52

residents is infectious. The growth is evident in the more than 60 homeowners who have since purchased or leased electric vehicles, and the more than 200 residents who have recently installed solar panels.

The Smart Grid Demonstration Through the use of smart grid technology and monitoring systems, Pecan Street is able to track and define the consumers’ energy habits. The information provided is then used to discover and test new methods of energy conservation. Over their five year timeline, the research will assess: • Distributed clean energy • Energy storage technologies • Smart grid water and smart grid irrigation systems • Smart appliances • Plug-in electric vehicles • Advanced meters and other home energy management systems • Green building • New electricity pricing models

Each home in the community is installed with a special smart meter. The meter then consistently gathers data from the entire house and its individual electrical circuits in 15 second increments. Energy monitoring systems such as eGauge give the homeowners real-time web access to their energy use through smart thermostats as well as from remote access points. The participants can view their energy usage in detail and see their habits taking shape. Not only can the systems track electric usage, but water and gas as well. The data, held in some of the most advanced super computers yet developed, is housed at the University’s Advanced Computing Center, where researchers analyze and report on a vast array of data taken from the homes.

Home Energy Monitoring Though the concept of home energy “monitoring” may at first seem like an invasion of privacy, it should be noted that Pecan Street’s research is not being used to control an individual’s usage without their consent. The data being collected is meant to serve as a tool for the modern consumer in effectively moderating their own use for better efficiency. The shared knowledge will also allow the industry to provide better services.

With a keen sensitivity to privacy, the data being collected is first encrypted before it is sent to the data centers and used within the boundaries of the research itself. All participants are volunteers at will in the program, and therefore are involved in the data gathering process along the way. The

SG - 22 of 52

main purpose of the research lies in the quest for creating innovative consumer electronics as well as allowing consumers to have more control over their energy consumption. Thus, the data being collected, analyzed, and recorded is focused on ways to further the development of these products.

With a number of companies involved in the consortium research, Pecan Street hopes others will join in the valuable quest. Since their labs exist in the real-world, real-time setting, the organization gives companies a place to test prototypes and services with real customers. The current consortium includes more than a dozen member companies, including:

• Freescale • Green Mountain Energy • Intel • Landis+Gyr • LG Electronics • Lockheed Martin • Oncor • Onstar • Oracle • Sony • SunEdison • Texas Gas Service • Whirlpool

The Research Findings The researchers and their participants have already made some intriguing discoveries. As it turns out, electric car chargers are in fact all created equal when it comes to efficiency and quality. In Pecan Street’s analysis of the most common chargers, they found no significant differences in efficiency. They concluded that any major differences were related to user-friendly designs and personal preference.

Another interesting discovery involves the use of home solar roof panels. Traditionally, solar panels have been installed on the south-facing side of a house in order to absorb what was assumed to be the most amount of sunlight possible. However, they found that west-facing panels were in fact more efficient. This is partly due to the fact that electricity costs vary throughout the day, as peak demand times vary. Therefore, since west facing solar panels produce more energy in the afternoon, they are more useful during peak demand periods when electricity is most scarce and expensive for the utility.

SG - 23 of 52

Further research has found that the consumers’ habits are quite predictable. For example, people are plugging in their electric vehicles when they get home, which is adding a significant amount of stress to the overall system at certain times. Thus, utilities have the potential to use this data to develop incentives for customers to delay their charging until late at night.

The Future of Smart Grid Technology Pecan Street’s research projects have received overwhelmingly positive response from the volunteers and companies involved. The Mueller residents are thrilled to be a part of a thriving community, which may impact the infrastructure of the entire country. Outside of the neighborhood, the reaction has been highly supportive.

Many companies are finding that the future of energy increasingly involves smart technologies, smart homes, and smart living. In order to accomplish this, an intelligent, data-driven grid may provide the key to companies’ attempts at improving new technologies. In the hopes that their work is replicated across the country, Pecan Street seeks to develop insights that will help companies speed up their own innovation. Realizing that customers play a major part in this journey, the company has involved them in the best way possible. By learning what excites, confuses, frustrates, and interests consumers, they are able to tailor and test new modes and techniques directly.

In order to further engage other companies, the Pecan Street is building a new custom commercialization lab within the Mueller community. The Pike Powers Lab will provide all companies, both newly-emerging and larger corporations, a place to test new products. The lab will offer state-of-the-art testing facilities to researchers, member companies, and technology start-ups.

Perhaps the most encouraging and valuable aspect of the research is the immediate access the consumers have to their own energy information. Since they are able to view and track energy use in real time, consumers are able to better adjust their habits for improved efficiency. In turn, the energy providers may also adjust the ways in which they serve the consumer for greater efficiency and satisfaction on both parts.

Pecan Street sought to establish itself in a previously untapped market with this type of practical and innovative research. In so doing, the folks in the Mueller community can be seen as a foundation for outside initiatives. Having already made important discoveries towards the advancement of smart energy consumption, Pecan Street’s future remains bright.

For more information visit: http://www.pecanstreet.org/

SG - 24 of 52

In Two-Way Charging, Electric Cars Begin to Earn Money From the Grid

By MATTHEW L. WALD

April 25, 2013

WASHINGTON — Finally, payback for the plug-in.

A line of Mini Coopers, each attached to the regional power grid by a thick cable plugged in where a gasoline

filler pipe used to be, no longer just draws energy. The power now flows two ways between the cars and the

electric grid, as the cars inject and suck power in tiny jolts, and get paid for it. This nascent form of electric

car commerce will be announced on Friday by the University of Delaware, the regional grid operator and an

electric company. They have developed a system to collect payments for work (balancing supply and demand

moment to moment) that is normally the domain of power plants.

The possibilities of using electric cars for other purposes are being realized around the globe. Electric cars like the

Nissan Leaf and Chevrolet’s plug-in hybrid Volt, are generally not sold in the United States with two-way

chargers that could feed back into the grid. But Nissan is offering a similar device in Japan that allows consumers

to power their houses when the electric grid is down.

In the Delaware project, each car is equipped with some additional circuitry and a battery charger that operates in

two directions. When the cars work with the grid, they earn about $5 a day, which comes to about $1,800 a year,

according to Willett M. Kempton, a professor of electrical engineering and computing. He hopes that provides an

incentive to make electric cars more attractive to consumers, and estimates that the added gadgetry would add

about $400 to the cost of a car.

Granted, the scale of this project, using 15 two-passenger Mini E models, donated by BMW, is indeed minuscule

compared with the task of keeping the grid system that serves two-thirds of North America in balance, making

sure that supply matches demand as precisely as possible.

The frequency of electric current in the United States is supposed to be stable at 60 cycles a second, but if the

supply from a wind farm or solar plant changes suddenly, or demand shifts, frequency gets out of whack. The

market that Professor Kempton is tapping into, known as frequency regulation, has become increasingly

important as the mix of generators on the grid has changed. If electric cars become more popular, proponents say

that a network of thousands of plug-in cars could help stabilize the grid.

Michehl R. Gent, a former president of the North American Electric Reliability Corporation, the entity designated

by the federal government to write and enforce grid reliability rules, called the Delaware idea “tiny but

promising.”

“If we can get our electric vehicles to do more than just be electric vehicles, it will be very well received,” said

Mr. Gent, who is not associated with the project.

Professor Kempton has had this “vehicle to grid” system in the works for 10 years. He plans to double the size of

his fleet by the end of the year. Half the cars are permanently parked and the other half will provide service for all

the hours they are plugged in, which could be as much as 20 hours a day.

SG - 25 of 52

The cars listen for a signal from the headquarters of the regional grid operator, the PJM Interconnection, in

Norristown, Pa., that comes every four seconds. The signal could tell the batteries to charge, or to discharge, or to

do neither. Alternatively, if the cars need charging, they can provide the same service by varying the amount of

current they draw. For the grid, the effect is to add or subtract load in a coordinated way that aids stability.

Two-way chargers are not generally available to drivers of electric plug-ins right now. Professor Kempton said he

is working with five companies that build electric cars and are interested in a two-way system that could collect

revenue from the grid: BMW and four other firms he said he could not name because of confidentiality

agreements. One of those four, he said, was working on a two-way charger that was three times more powerful

than the current one, vastly increasing revenue possibilities.

A Nissan spokesman, Brian Brockman, said the company is exploring such possibilities, and recognizes the

benefits of moving toward helping power the grids. “To the electric system, the balancing effect is essentially the

same,” said Scott Baker, an engineer at PJM. Mr. Baker predicted that electric vehicles would become an

interactive part of the grid, helping in several ways. One goal is to spread out the charging demands of thousands

of cars on the grid, so as to avoid overload.

Thomas B. Gage, president of EV Grid, a company in Palo Alto, Calif., that set up the hardware in the cars and

the chargers, said that electric cars typically have chargers that run in one direction, at a power level of 3

kilowatts. The Mini Es runs in both directions, at 18 kilowatts. (For comparison, a hand-held hair dryer is 1.5

kilowatts.) With a relatively powerful two-way link, the idea is to branch out into another service the grid needs,

known as “spinning reserve.” Power plants that offer that service keep a turbine spinning, but not generating

power; they are ready to pick up load at a moment’s notice, if called on by grid operators. Providing spinning

reserve burns substantial amounts of fuel, usually natural gas, but batteries could do the same work with no

pollution, experts say.

At any given moment, a car could provide one service or the other; an aggregator could decide on an hour-by-

hour basis which service to provide. So far, the system now being commercialized is nowhere near the point of

absorbing surplus electricity at night and selling it back during the day; for the time being, the frequency

regulation market would be more lucrative and the battery capacity is relatively small. Besides, peak demand

hours often fall when the driver would want the car on the road.

Professor Kempton is also a leading proponent of building wind turbines off the mid-Atlantic coast, and sees the

electric car and the wind machine as complementary tools for a low-carbon energy system. The university has a

joint venture with NRG Energy, which is based in Princeton, N.J., to expand the network of electric cars that

would be paid for doing the balancing work.

SG - 26 of 52

Smart Grid Implementation in Sacramento Written by Jim Parks

http://smartgrid.ieee.org/august-2012/647-smart-grid-implementation-in-sacramento

With little prior experience to draw from other energy companies, the Sacramento Municipal Utility District is trying out

a wide array of smart grid technologies. The goal is to develop a roadmap for large-scale deployment. Prominent

elements include smart metering, time of use and peak pricing, microgrid islanding and energy storage.

The Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) is an electric-only municipal utility with a service territory covering 900 square miles in the heart of California. SMUD serves over 600,000 customers, including six cities and the County of Sacramento. Awarded almost $150 million in grants for smart grid projects with a total budget of $360 million, SMUD is beginning large-scale smart grid deployment projects that include advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), distribution automation, enhanced cyber security, electric vehicle infrastructure, customer applications and demand response initiatives. Research and development projects include energy storage, dairy digesters and a microgrid. The project, trademarked SmartSacramento, is the first step in what will be an ongoing deployment of smart grid projects and features at SMUD. SMUD's AMI is already fully deployed and utilizes Silver Spring Networks and Landis+Gyr meters. One of the many benefits provided by AMI is the ability to provide dynamic rates—both time of use (TOU) and critical peak price (CPP). Prior to AMI implementation, dynamic rates could only be provided through commercial meters and were not available to residential customers. The new meters allow for the two-way flow of information that allows SMUD to retrieve meter data at regular intervals and to provide signals or messaging through the meter. Should SMUD adopt dynamic rates on a wide commercial basis, TOU structures can be programmed into the system and CPP signals can be sent to all customers, both residential and commercial. Such special rates will prompt customers to reduce peak energy usage, reducing stress on the electrical system. SMUD has implemented pilot TOU/CPP rates, with almost 3,000 customers receiving a CPP or TOU/CPP combination and another 5,100 customers a TOU rate. The CPP has a ten-to-one price ratio between critical peak periods and off-peak periods. The off-peak price is about 7.2 cents/kWh and the critical peak price is 75 cents/kWh. The CPP rate will be implemented up to 12 peak times per summer, 4-7 PM, Monday-Friday. Randomly selected customers were sent information on the pilot and some were allowed to opt in while others were selected to participate, but allowed to opt out. The trial rates were introduced in June 2012 and will remain in effect through the summer of 2013. The pilots will be evaluated and the results used to determine the next steps. The expectation is that customers will cut peak-period energy use to some degree; we are conducting the pilots to determine how much. SMUD has reviewed other utilities' pilots, which have shown wide-ranging results. One major study showed that customers lose interest in TOU rates and ultimately stop responding, while customers on CPP rates tend to shift loads when they get notification of an event and have a large differential between peak and off-peak prices. AMI also facilitates automatic connect/reconnect, voltage reads throughout the service territory, transformer loading information (once meters are mapped to transformers), outage notification and transmission of improved energy data

SG - 27 of 52

to customers. The automatic connect/disconnect feature alone has reduced "truck rolls"—dispatch of personnel to connect or disconnect customers to or from SMUD's system—by over 55,000 in less than one year. With well over a century of experience, most utilities continue to be informed about power outages through customer telephone calls. A small number of calls generally means a small outage; many calls indicate a large outage. Customer service representatives take information and troubleshooters are dispatched to find the outage and make the necessary repairs. A crew may be dispatched if there is significant work required to restore power. Smart meters have a "last gasp" feature that allows system operators to immediately see when and where outages occur. Appropriate line personnel can be dispatched before customers even call. Specialized software will eventually be able to analyze the location and number of meters that are without power, make a determination as to which piece of equipment caused the outage and dispatch personnel to the precise location of the outage. This will reduce the duration of outages. With large outages, there are often smaller, embedded outages. Imagine, if you will, a scenario where 5,000 customers lose power due to a downed line. Within that outage event, a tree branch causes a smaller outage that is not restored when the original outage is restored. With automation, the utility can see both events and knows it needs additional work to complete the restoration. Otherwise, the utility won't know about the smaller outage until customers complain. With AMI, the utility can "ping" the meters once power is restored to verify that all meters are registering and there are no embedded outages. This approach also saves truck rolls. In all, SmartSacramento consists of 8 project areas with over 50 subprojects. Examples include: A microgrid, in which the critical element will be testing a smart switch designed to island the grid from the larger

utility system. The microgrid as a whole consists of three 100 kW gas engines, 10 kW of photovoltaic generation, a 760,000 gallon chilled water thermal energy storage tank, an absorption chiller, a central utility plant and battery energy storage.

Energy storage systems will be tested in a solar subdivision with over 280 homes, each with PV rooftop systems ranging in size from 2-4 kW. Of these homes, 42 are partially powered by batteries: 15 by means of 10 kW/8.8 kWh lithium ion batteries installed at each residence; 27 by being linked to one of three community energy storage systems, rated at 30kW/30kWh and installed next to distribution transformers. A 500 kW flow battery is scheduled for installation at the substation. The storage will be used to smooth the flow of energy from intermittent renewables, reduce peak load and improve reliability.

Dairy digesters—popularly known as "poop to power"—will generate electricity by converting cattle waste to a

methane-rich biogas. The biogas is piped to a biogas engine and electricity generator. Two projects are underway that will jointly generate 1.2 MW from the waste of 2,400 milk cows.

Since many smart grid technologies are new and expensive, little information on technology benefits, cost-effectiveness and reliability are available from actual project implementations. SMUD's smart grid projects will be evaluated individually and collectively to help determine project benefits—cost-effectiveness, utility benefits (such as reduced duration or frequency of outages, reliability improvements and energy savings) and customer benefits (for example, better control of energy usage, energy savings and general satisfaction). The evaluation results will be used to develop an implementation plan that will guide future smart grid deployments.

Contributor Jim Parks, an IEEE member, is a program manager in the smart grid department at the Sacramento Municipal Utility District. His current focus is on determining smart grid benefits in order to develop a long-term roadmap for SMUD. He also oversees the utility's commercial customer smart grid projects. Prior to his current assignment, he worked on emerging energy efficiency technologies, electric transportation, energy efficiency program development, energy efficiency implementation and transmission planning. He has a bachelor's degree in electrical and electronics engineering from California State University, Sacramento.

SG - 28 of 52

Silver Spring Bringing Intelligence to Street Lights

in Paris

Everything’s sexier in Paris.

JEFF ST. JOHN: MAY 15, 2013

http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/silver-spring-to-network-parisian-street-lights

Silver Spring Networks (SSNI), the smart grid networking company that wants to expand its reach to streetlights, traffic signals and other “smart city” devices, will get a chance to try it out in a city famous for its lights. The Redwood City, Calif.-based company said Thursday it's working with Paris lighting systems provider Evesa, in a small pilot that's part of a broader scheme to reduce the city's lighting energy consumption by nearly one-third by decade's end.

The pilot will focus on a small portion of a central Paris neighborhood along the Seine, Sterling Hughes, the Redwood City, Calif.-based company’s senior director of advanced technology, said in a phone interview. Silver Spring will be providing the unified wireless networking platform to link both street lights and traffic signals, primarily to drive better operational efficiency out of the system as a whole, he said.

While the terms and scope of the pilot aren’t yet defined, it’s part of the initial stages of what could grow to a pretty large citywide smart lighting and traffic project. Paris wants to reduce its overall lighting energy consumption by 30 percent from 2004 levels by 2020, through a combination of more efficient lighting like LEDs and smarter control systems. Reaching that goal without instituting unpopular lights-out regimes or changing the character of the city’s famous nightscapes will take some clever work.

This isn’t the only lighting technology project underway for Evesa, a consortium named after participating companies ETDE, Vinci Energies, SATELEC and Aximum that was formed in 2011 to carry out Paris’ ambitious lighting-efficiency project. Evesa has already been hard at work on revamping the lighting at famous Paris landmarks like the Place de la Concorde, and initial reports peg total project cost at between €500 million and €700 million ($650 million to $900 million). Silver Spring's new project is a tiny sliver of that amount, of course. (Financial details weren't disclosed.)

This particular project doesn’t involve replacing streetlights with LEDs or other more efficient light sources, he noted. Instead, it's aimed at networking what's there for increased operational efficiency, which can actually save more in street lighting costs than can energy efficiency gains. That’s because each networked street light or traffic signal can deliver useful information to operators, including whether they’re on or off, and of course, whether they’re working or not.

SG - 29 of 52

That may sound simple, but compared to today’s mostly "dumb" street lights, it’s a vast improvement, allowing cities or utilities to direct replacement crews to burned-out lights as they happen, instead of waiting for complaints or on-site inspections to discover the problem, to name one cost-saving measure. Silver Spring is enlisting the help of partner Streetlight.Vision, which makes streetlight monitoring and control software, for its Paris pilot, Hughes said.

Elsewhere, Silver Spring is also focusing on LED street lights for its push into city networking, he said. Last month it announced a partnership with LED Roadway Lighting, a Canadian company that makes LED replacement modules meant to fit into existing streetlight fixtures, for example. (LEDs are a natural fit for streetlights, since they last longer and run cheaper than their high-pressure sodium and metal halide predecessors, and offer a range of digital controls that lend themselves well to being networked.)

Beyond energy and operational savings, “there’s a whole spectrum of applications” for a network that uses ubiquitous traffic lights and light poles as its nodes, Hughes said. Silver Spring is working on projects with San Antonio, Texas municipal utility CPS Energy, as well as with partners in Singapore and Malaysia, that are aimed at expanding its wireless networks to more endpoints in a city, though details are as yet scarce.

In Paris, Silver Spring hasn’t yet picked any other specific features it will be working on with Evesa, Hughes said. Neither have the parties defined just what communications technologies they’ll use to get there, he said, though Silver Spring offers multiple networking technologies, including its RF mesh system, now used to network millions of smart meters around the world, and its newer cellular-compatible technology.

Silver Spring is far from the only company looking to streetlights as the logical node for citywide wireless networks, of course. San Jose, Calif.-based smart grid networking companyEchelon has been connecting streetlights via the company’s powerline carrier (PLC) technology, now in use by lighting companies like Philips and Osram, and smart meter players like Sensus and ABB’s Tropos Networks have been adding streetlights to the list of devices they’re connecting in citywide wireless networks, to name a few competing examples.

At the same time, the market for smart streetlights is still tiny, with about half a million communications nodes shipped globally last year. However, Navigant’s Pike Research predicts the number of communications nodes to climb to 4.8 million by 2020, driven by rising energy prices and proof-of-concept deployments going on today proving out their worth.

SG - 30 of 52

SmartGrid Project OverviewKCP&L SmartGrid project delivers benefits to customers and the communityWith the help of a grant from the United States Department of Energy, KCP&L is investing more than $48 million in a SmartGrid project in a number of Kansas City neighborhoods. The total project will benefit approximately 14,000 KCP&L customers in the area.

Educating customers and giving them the tools to manage their electricity use and costs are essential components to the success of the project. By providing customers with real-time information, SmartGrid will give them greater control over their electricity use, which can help them save money on their monthly electric bill.

KCP&L also will make significant infrastructure upgrades to the midtown substation and the utility lines in the SmartGrid area. These upgrades will enhance electrical service for the entire SmartGrid area through improved reliability, quicker outage response times, more efficient electricity delivery and a reduced carbon footprint.

This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-OE0000221.

SmartGrid DemonstrationFor more information about KCP&L’s SmartGrid project,

please visit our website at www.kcplsmartgrid.com.

Program Highlights• Advanced electric meters that

deliver real-time electric use and price information to customers

• Free SmartGrid products and tools that help customers manage how and when they use electricity, which can help save money

• Rooftop solar panels at select commercial buildings, government facilities and neighborhood centers

• Efficient appliances in select homes, including heat-pump water heaters

• Collaboration with community organizations to identify opportunities for green jobs in the urban core

• Installation of electric vehicle charging stations in the SmartGrid neighborhoods

Free SmartGrid products and toolsMySmart Portal. Helps customers understand the impact of their electricity use and encourages them to make decisions that conserve energy, help the environment and save money.

MySmart Display. Provides real-time information that increases awareness of electricity use and identifies opportunities to reduce consumption and save money.

MySmart Thermostat. Can automatically set temperatures based on season, resulting in up to 20 percent savings in heating and cooling bills.

SG - 31 of 52

SmartGrid Project Map

This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-OE0000221.

204-10-1275 (08/10)

KCP&L’s

SmartGrid

project includes

the Green

Impact Zone

and surrounding

neighborhoods,

outlined here

in blue.

The Green

Impact Zone is a

cooperative effort

to focus federal

stimulus funds

on projects in a

targeted area of

Kansas City, Mo.

SG - 32 of 52

BOMA’s Smart Grid Joins Other Chicago

Sustainable Efforts

Robert Carr, Contributing Writer

Mon, 2013-03-11 08:46

Building Owners and Managers Association of Chicago is joining the city’s Sustainable

Chicago 2015 movement, which also includes Retrofit Chicago and the Green Office Challenge,

by implementing joint smart-grid technology, using wireless meters that can, in real-time,

negotiate for hundreds of thousands of dollars in

savings of electricity with energy companies.

BOMA Chicago recently formed a partnership

with Kennesaw, Ga.-based Automated Logic

Corp. for the meter monitoring, and has

ComEd’s pledge to provide 40 “smart” meters

for buildings in Chicago’s downtown area.

Michael Cornicelli, executive vice president at

BOMA Chicago, is now negotiating with the

owners of five buildings in the central business

district to start a smart grid pilot project.

Cornicelli says BOMA wants to get its member companies to install the meters as a collective

effort that could spark widespread interest and eventual use by many downtown Chicago

buildings. BOMA is using funds from a $1.5 million grant from the State of Illinois toward the

project. “This would really be the first of its kind,” he says. “It’s never been done for buildings

under ownership by a variety of different parties, it’s usually just one company that has a number

of meters in one building.”

Once a few of buildings have the new meters, Automated Logic can monitor energy use at the

properties up to the last second of use—much faster than the still currently used, older meters,

which typically measure electricity load by the hour and are not accessible for measurements for

up to 24 hours.

Building owners can save money with these meters in two ways, Cornicelli says. First, owners

can monitor the meters themselves and make real-time adjustments if loads are too high for any

period, he says. Also, the collective electricity use data will be fed through Automated Logic to

BOMA, which will share the data with the regional electric grid operator, PJM Interconnection.

In turn, if PJM needs to provide more electricity to other regions (such as a heat wave in New

Jersey, for example), PJM can contact BOMA and negotiate to have the building owners dial

SG - 33 of 52

back electricity use, or just to standby to back down use, for a fee that would be shared with the

Chicago buildings.

Both efforts achieve goals set by Chicago in its Sustainable Chicago 2015 program, which

includes efforts to curtail energy use and increase sustainability initiatives. Just recently, Mayor

Rahm Emanuel announced 18 more participants in the city’s Retrofit Chicago Commercial

Buildings Initiative, including the massive Merchandise Mart, Hilton Hotel Chicago and the

Shedd Aquarium. The more than 30 participating buildings have pledged to reduce energy use by

20 percent within five years.

The city’s efforts also include the Chicago Green Office Challenge, an annual competition

launched in 2009 to engage office tenants and building managers to cut energy, water and

materials use by 10 percent. In 2011-12, nearly 150 participants in the challenge used programs

such as GreenPoint Partners’ Green Per Square Foot system to save $17.5 million. Such

programs can help the owners and managers to evaluate a building’s components and systems,

centralize a building’s energy information and gather information about sustainability products,

services and incentives.

Cornicelli says the BOMA Chicago program can meet that challenge. Although he can’t yet

reveal which buildings he’s working with for the smart grid pilot program, since he is still in

negotiations, he hopes to announce a couple of participant properties later this month. He says

the initiative’s participating building owners will have to pay some costs to install the meters and

pay a higher fee for the use, but that cost would be offset by up to about $200,000 per year in

energy savings and refunds for participating in smart grid sharing.

“We believe that this smart grid could achieve reduction in energy use by buildings downtown

by 20 percent,” Cornicelli says. “Our ultimate goal is simply to provide opportunities for our

members, enabling them to take advantage of the opportunity to reduce energy consumption

while also generate a new revenue stream.”

Source URL: http://nreionline.com/energy-efficiency/boma-s-smart-grid-joins-other-chicago-

sustainable-efforts

SG - 34 of 52

Salem Smart Power Project Piloting smart grid technologies for greener, more efficient, more reliable power

The Salem Smart Power Center forms the hub of one of the most advanced electrical systems in the nation. A partner in the five-year Pacific Northwest Smart Grid Demonstration Project, PGE is testing how to store and better integrate variable renewable energy sources like solar and wind into the electrical grid. We’re also testing several other smart technologies to create a highly reliable “micro-grid” serving about 500 PGE southeast Salem business and residential customers, including the State of Oregon and Kettle Brand.

Salem Smart Power Center This 8,000-square-foot facility in southeast Salem offers an insider’s view of a working smart grid demonstration project. A visitor center offers educational exhibits about the project and the smart grid, and viewing windows into the large-scale battery storage area.

Thank you to our partners This pilot program is a collaboration with Eaton and Enerdel and is part of the five-year, $178 million, Pacific Northwest Smart Grid Demonstration Project — which is rolling out unprecedented technologies across five Pacific NW states. Involving more than 60,000 metered customers, the project is designed to move our region and nation closer to a more efficient and effective electricity infrastructure.

What’s being tested Energy storage A bank of lithium-ion batteries — like the ones in your phone but much bigger — can store energy to run the micro-grid for up to 30 minutes, creating a back-up power supply in case of an interruption.

Back-up to the back-up The batteries also work in concert with nearby standby generators owned by the state of Oregon, creating a high-reliability zone designed to reduce service interruptions for customers in the area.

Integrating renewables Salem-based Kettle Brand, pioneer of the kettle-cooked potato chip and industry leader in sustainability, is connecting its 616-panel rooftop solar installation to the project to help test storage storage and bring solar energy into the grid when it’s needed most.

A power plant of efficiency Like roadway traffic, energy usage has “rush hours” during certain times of the day and year. Through demand response technology, it’s possible to power these “energy rush hours” with the smart grid community rather than turning to new sources of energy.

To test demand response technologies, several business customers are volunteering to let PGE cycle their heating and cooling and other systems on and off throughout the day or to shift their use to off-peak periods. Several households have volunteered to have PGE cycle their water heaters on and off briefly throughout the day to reduce demand when usage and energy costs are high.

PGE will be the first Northwest utility to test its own Smart Power® software. The software will alert PGE to store energy when market prices are low and pull from battery storage, rather than buying power when prices are high. This will help ensure customers receive the most benefit from energy resources for the least cost.

SG - 35 of 52

SG - 36 of 52

FortZEDFortZED (Zero Energy District) is a community-driven initiative to create one of the world’s largest net zero energy districts in an existing community. The FortZED district encompasses approximately two square miles that includes downtown Fort Collins extending from the Poudre River on the north and extending south and west to the campus of Colorado State University (see area map).

FortZED Vision and MissionFort Collins will be the model community for a leading and replicable net Zero Energy District. The mission of FortZED is to transform the downtown area and the main campus of Colorado State University into a net Zero Energy District through conservation, efficiency, renewable sources and smart technologies. This bold and visionary project, first conceived in 2007, will help prove out the concepts, pathways and technologies to achieve net zero energy use in an existing community.

FortZED will be realized through a systems approach with a broad portfolio of smart grid technologies, renewable energy sources and supporting public policies. Energy generation will come from renewable sources within a 50-mile radius of FortZED; renewable and conventional distributed sources within the district; and demand reduction and response within the district.

Finally, FortZED will provide a strong competitive advantage to expand existing capabilities and attract clean energy technology companies to Colorado that can replicate the technical solutions embodied in FortZED in other urban environments, on campuses, and in existing and new communities nationwide and around the world.

Collaboration and PartnershipsThe FortZED initiative is a three-way collaboration of the Colorado Clean Energy Cluster (CCEC), Fort Collins Utilities, and UniverCity Connections. The CCEC is an economic development organization that works to attract, incubate and grow Colorado’s clean energy companies through collaborative initiatives, one of which is FortZED.

The success of FortZED will rely on continuing its existing partnerships and extending partnership opportunities to other organizations as additional projects are developed and implemented. Current partners include local government, nonprofit organizations, leading edge companies, technology providers, and institutions. FortZED StrategiesRepresenting approximately 10 to 15 percent of Fort Collins Utility’s electric distribution system, the FortZED district currently serves approximately 7,200 residential and commercial electric utility customers. In order to achieve net zero energy—generating as much as energy as we use on an annual basis, a targeted list of strategies will be employed.

• ConservationandEfficiency:Reducingenergyuse in buildings

• RenewableEnergy:Localgenerationfromrenewable energy sources

• EnergyStorage/LoadManagement:Balancingandoptimizing energy sources

• SmartGrid:Thetechnologyandinfrastructureneededtoenable a net Zero Energy District

FACT SHEET

SG - 37 of 52

FortZED Benefits • Itisthecatalystforthedeploymentofamoreresponsive and

flexible energy infrastructure

• Itisaninnovativeenergyprojectthatsupportsaprogressivemunicipal utility

• ItcomplementstheCity’sClimateActionPlan,EnergyPolicy,and other related Utilities programs and projects

• Itwillempowertheconsumerwithnewchoicestomanageelectric use

• Itfosterslocalinnovationandentrepreneurship

• Itprovideseconomicsupportforlocalprivatesectorcleanenergy technology companies

• Itwilldevelopacleanenergytechnologiesworkforce

• Itwillcreatehigh-payingprimaryjobsaswellashundredsofspinoffjobsintherenewableenergyindustry

• Itlegitimizesourregionasaleaderincleanenergytechnologyinnovation

• Ithasphilanthropic-minded,grassrootssupportinthecommunity

• Itiscollaborative—withawidevarietyofpartnersandopportunitiesfornewaffiliatesasprogramsaredeveloped

• Itisdrawingnationalandinternationalattentionandfundingforitsvisionandprogresstodate.

FortZED Progress to DateThe FortZED Steering Committee oversees a range of existing projects in various stages of completion and is also charged with creating the long-term strategic plan and associated new projects for realizing the FortZED vision.

Existingprojectsinclude:• JumpStartProject:RenewableandDistributedSystems

Integration Project—a project funded in partnership with the U.S. Department of Energy

• CommunityEnergyChallenge:Agrassrootscampaigntoincrease energy efficiency and conservation practices among residents and occupants in the district

• SmartGridInvestmentGrantProject:Acity-wideprojectthat provides a key enabling technology to FortZED— smart metering on all homes and businesses and targeted distribution system upgrades

• PublicBuildingsProject:EnergyretrofitsandsolarinstallationsonpublicbuildingsinFortZEDthroughaDepartmentofLocalAffairsNECGrant

Follow the progress of FortZED at FortZED.com

SG - 38 of 52

How Fort Collins Created America's First Zero-Energy District

BRAD BERTON

FEB 22, 2013

An ambitious experiment in sustainability-

obsessed Fort Collins, Colorado, supporting

development of the nation’s first major urban

zero-energy district is already hinting at

important lessons for participating workplaces.

Along the Colorado Front Range, a grand

experiment conducted during the summer of 2011

illustrates how the strategic integration of energy

generation, storage, and conservation activities

among participating employers can reduce an

electricity grid’s overall energy load at critical

peak-demand periods. As workplaces become increasingly energy-efficient, they also are destined to

generate and store more energy on site. With new-wave "distributed generation," electricity will

ultimately be delivered in a far cleaner fashion than is generally the case with the mostly coal-

powered mega–power plants that now feed American power grids.

Working with the city-owned electricity supplier Fort Collins Utilities and several locally based

clean-energy specialists, the five participating employers were able to collectively reduce peak-load

demand on a designated micro-grid within the ZED’s boundaries by more than 20 percent during

test periods that lasted more than four weeks.

Judy Dorsey, an energy and mechanical engineer

with Fort Collins–based sustainability consulting firm

Brendle Group, notes that minimizing peak-period

pressure on grid loads is the key to environmental

friendliness—and to ZED self-sufficiency. With lower

net demand from a grid’s customers during the

highest-demand periods, there is less need for air-

polluting coal-fired mega-plants, she explains. Brendle

Group helped three of the demonstration participants

reduce their peak-period consumption.

As with net-zero buildings, the long-term goal of a ZED is for power users within the district to

produce as much energy in any given year as they collectively need to draw from the grid.

Employers involved in the Fort Collins Zero Energy District (FortZED) pilot were indeed able to

demonstrate how workplaces can adjust to limit grid loads during the highest-demand periods.

SG - 39 of 52

The successful demonstration required considerable and wide-ranging investments in power

generation, storage, efficiency, and control; and communication equipment, technologies, and

strategies. In addition to strategically sited solar photovoltaic arrays, participants tapped into several

new electricity generators powered by natural gas, biogas, and fuel cells, as well as various thermal-

and energy-storage devices. Fort Collins city offices—which feature electric vehicle–charging

stations—that participated in the program even looked to in-car batteries as backup energy sources

during peak-demand periods, Dorsey notes.

Meanwhile, the participants and the utility also installed smart energy meters and other control

mechanisms, giving facilities and energy professionals access to varying and sophisticated data that

monitored electricity usage and pricing at the property and employer levels. Indeed, a key element

of the zero-energy concept entails having the utility signal the customer to cut back usage—such as

intermittently shutting down air conditioning or heating of certain spaces—when the ZED’s overall

demand approaches peak levels.

Using these mechanisms and all the data they

generated, the participants were able to

demonstrate how workplaces within tomorrow’s

ZEDs will exhibit "more conscious moment-by-

moment energy use as operators are supplied with

real-time data," says Jenn Vervier, sustainability

director at New Belgium Brewing Co., the biggest

private employer participating in the program.

Not only did New Belgium install smart meters and

controls to better track energy use and coordinate

peak-period reductions with FCU, but the brewer

also can now generate well over half of its peak

energy needs on site, thanks to generators and solar panels acquired in conjunction with the

FortZED demonstration.

The goal is for power users is to produce as much energy as they need to draw from the grid.

The successful demonstration relied on resources of numerous parties, Vervier says. The largest

participant was downtown’s employment anchor, Colorado State University —home of the highly

regarded CSU Engines Lab, which provided technological expertise.

The endeavor, funded in part through the U.S. Department of Energy’s Renewable and Distributed

Systems Integration initiative, offers several local tech outfits opportunities to generate revenue

while demonstrating their capabilities, says Steve Catanach, FCU’s light and power manager. For

example, some of the critical software that helped control and integrate participants’ on-site

generation and storage ("distributed generation") and conservation-minded load-shedding

("demand-response") activities was developed by the local firm Spirae. The Department of Energy

provided $6.3 million in federal economic stimulus–related grants to help fund the FortZED RDSI’s

efficiency-improvement and power-generation investments and testing processes. Participants, local

New Belgium Brewing Co. was the largest private employer

participating in the ZED. (Image courtesy of FortZED)

SG - 40 of 52

consultants, and FCU chipped in another $5.1 million. The other participants are Larimer County

sites and the InteGrid Laboratory—a power system testing-and-development center affiliated with

the Engines Lab and owned by CSU and Spirae.

New Belgium’s and other participants’ use of diesel-fueled electricity generators during the

demonstration, however, does not portend that this relatively dirty fossil fuel will play a significant

role in future ZEDs’ distributed-generation sources.

RDSI participation in FortZED was a limited technology-testing pathway helping model multiple-

resource integration prospects, Catanach says. Full-fledged future ZEDs are expected to rely more

on clean and renewable resources including generators running on clean fuels, as well as solar

photovoltaic arrays, wind turbines, and ground-source heating and cooling systems.

How It Worked

New Belgium Brewing Co. captured and stored methane from wastewater treatment. One of its generators can be powered by this captured

byproduct. Along with solar panels, the technologies help New Belgium produce more than half its peak demand for electricity. (Image courtesy

of FortZED)

The five participants in this limited-scope demonstration were able to exceed the minimum goal of

reducing the peak-period load by 20 percent within a commercial-heavy micro-grid served by two

feeders (i.e., main distribution power lines) tied to FCU’s Linden power substation. The combined

peak-load-reducing capacity of the various RDSI-related improvements and strategies averaged just

under 3,500 kilowatts —which is significant for a micro-grid with a peak-load average of

approximately 15,000 kW.

Through their combined demand-management conservation efforts, the participants reduced peak

demand on the grid by roughly 775 kW. Their half-dozen new solar photovoltaic arrays, multiple

on-site generators, and other distributed-generation equipment can collectively provide nearly 2,700

kW. On-site generators accounted for 56 percent of the overall load reduction attributed to RDSI-

related resources, while juice generated by solar photovoltaic arrays represented about 12 percent.

The five participating employers were able to reduce peak-load demand by more than 20 percent.

The RDSI initiative aims to reduce reliance on the giant (and often coal-fueled) power plants that

feed the nation’s grids by integrating renewable and other utility customer–generated power, load-

SG - 41 of 52

shedding strategies, energy storage, and thermally activated and related technologies into electricity

distribution and transmission systems.

The test-area feeders served just a portion of the designated FortZED territory—which amounts to

about 10 percent of the city and includes some 7,000 FCU electric accounts. FortZED covers much of

the city’s downtown area, the CSU campus to the south, and the Poudre River corridor to the

northeast—home to New Belgium.

RDSI-tied improvements to New Belgium’s workspaces illustrate what might be in store for other

large employers as more ZEDs are established around the country. Now one of the nation’s biggest

craft breweries, New Belgium installed what chief electrician David Benavidez refers to as "utility-

grade" smart meters better able to track the use and cost of grid-based energy in real time—as well

as the company’s substantial on-site generation.

The more sophisticated data give New Belgium a clearer handle on its energy consumption,

sourcing, production patterns, and corresponding costs. "It helps us see just where we’re wasting

energy, where we could generate more efficiently," says Benavidez.

The technology also allowed New Belgium’s facilities team to respond to signals from FCU during

the RDSI demonstration periods and temporarily shut down certain high-consumption equipment—

most often air-conditioning systems—when asked. And as is the case with InteGrid and some of the

participating city facilities, New Belgium can run its own generators fueled by diesel or cleaner

natural gas—and, with certain machinery, even biogas (gas processed from materials such as

agricultural waste).

New Belgium’s two new generators can combine for nearly 800 kW of capacity, with the newer (and

larger) of them able to run on the methane the company produces and stores on site as a byproduct

when it cleans wastewater. And its new solar array has a capacity of 200 kW.

Accordingly, when the sun is shining and the generators are running, New Belgium can produce

about 1,000 kW of energy on site—well over half its current typical peak of 1,700 to 1,800.

New Belgium’s jump-start investments totaled roughly $3 million, with the company covering half

the costs, stimulus funds covering another quarter, and the balance covered by donations, discounts,

and in-kind contributions from participating vendors. The city and FCU likewise provided plenty of

support, Benavidez stresses.

An ongoing challenge that facilities managers will face as ZEDs emerge is to devise strategies that

can substantially reduce peak loads without negatively affecting workplaces and their core

activities, including thermal comfort and noise levels in the workplace.

Beyond interrupting heating and air conditioning during times of peak load, other interventions

might include shutting off swaths of artificial lighting—or, as in the FortZED demonstration,

relinquishing the comfort and tranquility of electric-powered water fountains at least temporarily on

hot summer days.

SG - 42 of 52

Temporarily shutting down the air conditioning in select New Belgium workspaces had far less

effect on thermal comfort than management anticipated, Benavidez notes. "We learned we can

[comfortably] live without some of the things we thought we needed," Benavidez says.

Energy captured from wastewater helped ZED participants lessen their dependence on the grid.

With the energy-generating assets on site—and with more detailed data available—New Belgium is

now far better positioned to make cost-effective decisions about operations and energy-related

investments as FortZED development progresses. "We’re now trying to determine the best strategies

and schemes for our future as we continue to grow," Benavidez says.

Particularly at an environmentally conscious company like New Belgium located in a sustainability-

minded community like Fort Collins, "people want to know that they are an integral part of a larger

system working to reduce our collective environmental impacts," adds Vervier.

Going forward, Dorsey expects ZED resources and strategies to become more visible at participating

workplaces. Beyond all the new-wave building design and operational strategies aimed at limiting

energy consumption, workplaces within ZEDs will presumably highlight information

demonstrating to employees and visitors how energy strategies and individual decisions affect the

bottom line.

For instance, Dorsey expects the development of ZEDs to make "energy kiosks" standard features in

participating buildings. Such kiosks feature highlighting and performance-reporting tools and

provide near-instant feedback on usage levels, which will reinforce how business operations affect

energy consumption.

As for FortZED, Catanach sees no reason why additional peak-load-reducing demonstrations can’t

be replicated on a larger scale as the district continues to evolve. Meanwhile, the city and its utility

continue improving meter data-management and demand-response capabilities at homes and

businesses citywide, while also tapping into the RDSI experience as they incorporate utility planning

into the city’s land use plan update. "All of this will help toward getting FortZED further

established," Dorsey says.

Top image: Lory Student Center of Colorado State University, Fort Collins; entrance to a modern campus

building with lights on at dusk. (marekuliasz /Shutterstock)

This article originally appeared in the Urban Land Institute, an Atlantic partner site.

Brad Berton is Portland, Oregon–based freelance writing specializing in real estate and development topics.

SG - 43 of 52

SG - 44 of 52

S&C Electric Company, EPB and the U.S. Dept. of Energy Reach

Smart Grid Installation Milestone

Posted on April 24, 2012

Chattanooga boasts the most automated smart grid of its size in the U.S.

CHATTANOOGA, Tenn., April 24, 2012 – Today S&C Electric Company, a global leader in

smart grid solutions, and EPB, one of the largest publicly-owned providers of electric power in

the country, celebrates the final IntelliRupter® PulseCloser installation as part of Chattanooga’s

smart grid project.

During today’s event, “Powering the 21st Century: The Role of the Smarter Grid,” there will

be a live onsite installation of the final IntelliRupter® PulseCloser, a central component of

EPB’s self-healing grid – which is expected to reduce outage duration by 40 percent. Following

the installation, Assistant Secretary Patricia Hoffman, EPB CEO Harold DePriest, S&C

President and CEO John Estey and the Chattanooga Area Chamber President and CEO Tom Ed

Wilson will discuss the future of U.S. power needs and the economic case for grid intelligence at

a roundtable discussion moderated by David Leeds of Greentech Media.

“Home to the country’s most automated smart grid of its size, Chattanooga is a unique success

story in how the smart grid can be an economic engine, reduce power outages, improve

reliability and prepare for future power demands,” says DePriest.

“EPB’s smart grid uses a very high level of smart grid automation that allows the grid to

automatically respond to disturbances and minimize disruptions to electric service,” says Estey.

“When an event occurs, the IntelliRupters communicate with one another through EPB’s high-

speed fiber-optic communication network to determine the location of the event, and then

automatically isolate it and reroute power to restore electric service to as many people as

possible.”

According to an Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory study, the national cost

of power interruptions for business and residential consumers is about $80 billion annually.

Smart devices installed out on the grid carry and direct the flow of high-voltage electricity even

under the most adverse weather conditions, and rapidly and automatically respond to system

conditions to reduce outage durations or prevent them altogether.

“To compete in the global economy, it’s crucial for communities like ours to ensure their electric

power grid can deliver the high reliability and efficiency needed today,” says DePriest. “Grid-

based developments improve the reliability of our power service without asking business or

consumers to change consumption habits or report outages.”

http://www.sandc.com/news/?p=1943

SG - 45 of 52

SG - 46 of 52

EPB Chattanooga Cuts Outages in Half After Recent Storm

Smart grid comes to the rescue when a wind storm tears through Chattanooga. KATHERINE TWEED: JULY 12, 2012 http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/epb-chattanooga-cuts-outages-in-half-after-recent-storm

As strong, sudden thunderstorms storms known as 'derechos' ripped across the mid-Atlantic region

late last month, leaving millions without power from Ohio to Virginia, many people asked why the

utilities in the regions couldn’t restore service faster.

Down in Chattanooga, Tennessee, another unexpected storm blew through town just days after the

derechos hit the other states. For EPB Chattanooga, the municipal utility that serves 170,000

customers, it was the first storm where it got to see its smart grid investment work in tandem to cut

the amount of power outages at least in half.

“This was the first one [during which] we had this magnitude of automation, and it made a difference

in the way we ran the storm, especially the first night,” said Jim Glass, manager of smart grid

development at EPB Chattanooga.

EPB still saw about 30,000 customers lose power, but there are an estimated 50,000 more that

would have lost power if it wasn’t for the utility's 1,200 S&C IntelliRupter automated switches that

have been put on the distribution grid since early 2011. The utility also boasts one of the fastest

internet pipelines in the world and a full rollout of smart meters.

During a typical outage, EPB’s command center is controlled chaos, which is true for most utilities,

said Danna Bailey, spokesperson for EPB. But that was not the case last week. Operators could

easily identify where the problems were by looking at which switches had been closed. Far more

customers only had their lights flicker or go out for a few seconds, as the switches acted on breakers

in between the feeders.

In the past, if there was a fault on the feeder, 1,000 customers might be affected, said Glass. Now,

with about seven switches on each feeder, that number is usually cut to 150 customers. During the

most recent storm, about 60 of the new switches locked out to interrupt a fault, and only eight

feeders on EPB’s 12-kilovolt system were taken out.

SG - 47 of 52

It’s difficult to put a dollar figure on the savings, said Glass, as crews still need to go out and repair

lines where the fault occurred. However, it is estimated that outages cost the municipality about

$100 million per year, so even if it is difficult to quantify, the new system could reap significant

savings.

“If we can make a significant impact on outages in our community, we’re improving the bottom line

for businesses,” said Glass, “even if it doesn’t show up in our financials.”

With the new switches, crews know where to find the faults, rather than driving down entire lines

looking for downed limbs or other signs of damage. In the past, Glass said it was trial and error to

locate faults.

But not any more. Even last fall, before all of the automated switches were installed, EPB avoided

250 truck rolls after a storm by knowing where the faults were. “We didn’t have to spend nearly as

much time patrolling and troubleshooting,” said Glass, “which is often the bulk of the work done the

first day after a major storm. “

EPB Chattanooga is not the only utility installing smart switches, but it is far and away the leader in

automated feeder switches right now given its 600-square-mile territory. The stimulus funds have

helped to install more than 5,700 automated feeder switches nationwide, with more than 1,500

deployed at Southern Company (but over a much larger territory than Chattanooga). Many other

utilities, including Consolidated Edison, Duke Energy Carolinas, Avista, NSTAR, CenterPoint and

others also have hundreds of automated switches, according to smartgrid.gov. Other utilities, such

as Vermont Electric Cooperative, are also reaping the benefits of its smart grid during storms.

For Chattanooga, which has smart meters and distribution automation working together, with more

switches being installed on transmission lines, the benefits are just starting to roll in. “Smart grid

doesn’t make [storms] go away, but it sure makes it easier to recover from them,” said Bailey. “I think

we’re getting a glimpse into what restoration will look like in the future.”

SG - 48 of 52

Smart Grid Saves EPB Chattanooga $1.4M in One Storm

A smart grid and switches keep the lights on in Tennessee. KATHERINE TWEED: AUGUST 1, 2013

http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/distribution-automation-saving-epb-millions1

In July of last year, we reported on the first real test of EPB Chattanooga’s smart grid

investment that occurred when a powerful windstorm roared through the city in Tennessee.

The utility, which serves 170,000 customers, found that it cut its power outages by at least half,

according to Jim Glass, manager of smart grid development at EPB Chattanooga.

At the time, Glass said it was difficult to put a monetary figure on the savings. But recent data has

done just that. The utility has been installing 1,200 S&C IntelliRupter automated switches on the

distribution grid since early 2011. The utility also boasts one of the fastest internet pipelines in the

world and a full rollout of smart meters.

It is the switches that paid off in the summer storm. The utility had a 55 percent reduction in duration

of outages, and the expedited restoration saved EPB Chattanooga $1.4 million.

"This marks a major step in understanding the value proposition for self-healing feeders. To be able

to point to $1.4 million dollars in operational savings without the inclusion of social costs will

drastically help utilities build business cases for their public utility commissions," said Ben Kellison,

smart grid analyst for GTM Research. "However, continued difficulties with ROI calculation will

persist for self-healing feeders as utilities often adopt vegetation management in concert with feeder

upgrades as part of a reliability program. This leaves it to the statisticians to determine the benefits

of chainsaws versus vacuum chambers."

There were 58 million avoided minutes of customer interruption -- and most customers were restored

about 1.5 days earlier than would have been possible before the smart grid upgrades.

The map below shows customers who experienced an outage as part of the storm on July 5, 2012

as red dots. Blue dots are customers that would have been impacted before the distribution

automation upgrade, but were not affected during the actual storm.

SG - 49 of 52

There is still a lot of red on the

map, but there were thousands of

customers who had their outages

restored remotely, vastly cutting

down the duration of the outage. “If

we can make a significant impact

on outages in our community,

we’re improving the bottom line for

businesses."

EPB Chattanooga is not the only

utility installing smart switches, but it is far and away the leader in automated feeder switches right

now, given its 600-square-mile territory. The stimulus funds have helped to install more than 5,700

automated feeder switches nationwide, with more than 1,500 deployed at Southern Company (but

over a much larger territory than Chattanooga). Many other utilities, including Consolidated Edison,

Duke Energy Carolinas, Avista, NSTAR, CenterPoint and others also have hundreds of automated

switches, according to smartgrid.gov. Other utilities, such as Vermont Electric Cooperative, are

also reaping the benefits of its smart grid during storms.

The calculation of savings from smart grid investments is an important step forward for any utility

that has invested in technology. For those that are considering the investment, data from utilities that

are leading in smart grid is increasingly necessary.

Last year, Maryland’s governor proposed to force his state’s utilities to harden their systemsagainst

outages, according to the Baltimore Sun. The move comes after sudden thunderstorms storms

known as 'derechos' ripped across the mid-Atlantic region in late June, leaving millions without

power from Ohio to Virginia.

But hardening the system is often less about cutting-edge technology and more about increased

tree-trimming or burying power lines. However, as more data emerges from progressive utilities on

outage avoidance and cost savings, the case for distribution automation will likely only grow

stronger.

SG - 50 of 52

National Grid Unveils Future Home of Sustainability Hub by Business Wire via The Motley Fool May 16th 2013 2:52PM Updated May 16th 2013 4:05PM

http://www.dailyfinance.com/2013/05/16/national-grid-unveils-future-home-of-sustainabilit/

Smart Energy Solutions Program Brings Together Local Colleges, Art Students and Vendors to Help Deliver Customer Benefits

WORCESTER, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- National Grid today unveiled plans for the future home of its Sustainability Hub, a 2,200 square-foot facility centrally located within the company's smart grid pilot area in Worcester, Mass. The space, located at 912 Main Street, has been donated by Clark University and will connect the community and customers under one roof to provide interactive education about energy efficiency and emerging technologies. It is an integral part of the company's smart grid pilot - now known as the Smart Energy Solutions Program - for 15,000 customers who choose to participate.

National Grid's program, which was developed in partnership with customers, the city of Worcester and other key parties, provides participating customers with a new level of choice and control over their energy use through advanced technology, with the goal of empowering customers to save energy, potentially increasing electric service reliability and improving response to power outages.

Massachusetts Energy Secretary Richard Sullivan, representatives from the city of Worcester, local students and educators, community leaders and vendors joined National Grid to celebrate the extraordinary effort that grew from a community concept focused on developing a local green economy and delivering energy solutions that benefit customers.

"This facility will be the first of its kind in the state and represents a larger effort by National Grid to modernize its grid with the smart grid pilot program in Worcester," said Energy and Environmental Affairs Secretary Rick Sullivan. "The Hub will connect National Grid's customers with the information and tools available to make cost-effective energy decisions in their homes and businesses. I want to applaud all who are participating in this initiative, including the many community partners and vendors that are intent on making this important Pilot work for the people of Worcester."

"The centerpiece of our Smart Energy Solutions Program is to take a listen, test and learn approach while delivering substantive benefits to customers," said Marcy Reed, president, National Grid in Massachusetts. "Our unique Sustainability Hub is a tangible testament to the dialog we will continue with customers and the community. The Hub literally shows that we are here with customers each day and connected to the community on this program and so much more. We are so proud and appreciative of the creativity, support and generosity of the many that are on this journey with us."

Sustainability Hub Features

National Grid's Sustainability Hub will house interactive exhibits and educational materials to demonstrate the advanced technology offered as part of the program that will help customers maximize energy savings. This includes helping customers "try-on" in-home energy use displays, programmable thermostats, and dynamic pricing options.

SG - 51 of 52

Local university student ambassadors from Clark University, Holy Cross and Worcester Polytechnic Institute will help staff the Hub, creating cooperative learning opportunities for both local customers and students. Students also will participate in various internship opportunities under the pilot.

Six students from the Claremont Academy's Art Studio have designed an abstract mural for one of the Hub's outside walls that incorporates a conceptual map of the local geography and combines a community, energy and sustainability message. Local artist Jen Swan will transfer the concept onto the outer wall.

Demonstrations offered in the Hub will include energy efficiency treatments such as windows, spray-in insulation and tankless water heaters. Displays on controllable and programmable appliances will be available. Exhibits on advanced meters, smart grid electricity system devices and renewables will be on-hand, and an interactive energy management tool will be made available to Hub visitors so they can learn more about energy choice.

The Sustainability Hub will feature a community exhibit area that will showcase the many efforts by local organizations that under way throughout the city.

When completed during the fall of 2013, the Sustainability Hub will be fully renovated with sustainable materials and energy-efficient equipment, donated from vendors including Mitsubishi, GE/Phillips, Blue Hive and Verizon.

An electric vehicle charging station will be installed just outside of the facility, which was provided through ChargePoint, through a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy, and is the first street-side electric vehicle charging station to be installed in Worcester.

A-Z Corporation, Westborough, Mass. will serve as the Sustainability Hub design-build firm. The Worcester Business Development Corporation is coordinating construction to fast-track building the facility and is helping to identify resources that are donating materials, appliances and services.

Program Updates

As part of the Smart Energy Solutions Program, National Grid will continue to focus on proactive customer and community engagement that enables customer interaction and education - a key difference that sets this pilot apart from other smart grid programs across the country. In March, National Grid launched an informative website designed to help customers learn more about the program. Visit www.nationalgrid.com/smartenergy.

National Grid also is using social media to provide information and continue the dialogue on the pilot, as well as energy savings tips, products and special offers via Facebook and Twitter @Green2Growth.

The pilot calls for installation of advanced metering systems that provide the very latest in technology and security. To date, more than half of the 15,000 advanced meters have been installed.

Installation of the latest technology on the electric system also is under way. This equipment is designed to test and improve reliability and system responsiveness.

National Grid's pilot was approved by the Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities in August 2012. Full pilot launch is planned for early 2014.

SG - 52 of 52