Smart City - Frame Work Energy and Electric Vehicle

Ashok Jhunjhunwala, Bhaskar Ramamurthi, Krishna Vasudevan & Lakshmi Narasamma, Prabhjot Kaur, IIT Madras, ashok@tenet.res.in

Energy in Smart Cities

Energy powers the Technologies which are the foundations of Smart City.

Assuring 24X7 Power to all Smart Cities

Energy should be operated with completely Smart Grid Technology.

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24X7 Power in Smart Cities

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Concept of UDC : Un-interrupted Limited DC

Decentralised Solar PV at Homes

DC wiring in every Home/complex of the smart city so as to efficiently integrate the Solar PV directly

Usage of DC-powered Appliances like LED lights and BLDC Fans.

24X7 Power in Smart Cities Green Power Solutions

Homes that can be energised both with Grid and Solar

GOA (Green Offices and Apartments) Solutions for Big Apartments

Energy should be operated based on Smart grid Technology

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Energy on Smart Grid Technology Energy Communication Interface Unit

Electricity usage, costs and control Manage huge volume of data Tools to help the consumers control their usage so they can

lower their bills Management of the peak loads by reducing the demand Help consumers to manage their usage and power bills

.

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Single Communication System handling

power in the smart cities

In-Home Display Units

Power Theft

Detection

ECI

Energy on Smart Grid Technology Electricity usage, costs and control Manage huge volume of data Tools to help the consumers control their usage so they can lower their bills Management of the peak loads by reducing the demand Help consumers to manage their usage and power bills How much energy is needed and helps utility to lower the purchased power cost. Financial incentives to companies that reduce their load in response to a request. A smart city having a smart technology based grid should be provided with

Ultra high speed internet, voice and video access to all the consumers, City

wide Wi-Fi network for city and utility, Street light controls, Surveillance

cameras. This will help to manage automatic outage and faults in an elegant

manner.

Energy Communication Interface unit

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Unified Metering UM

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Every smart meter should be Interfaced to cloud.

Scalability and adaptability for the utility and customers.

Time of Day metering

Diagnosis of power quality problems

Customer handling their own energy needs

Cost saving for infrastructure and management systems.

Centralized City Management System (CCMS)

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Features CCMS

Central Control Office for monitoring, control and management

Capable to support regular operations, planning and handling emergencies

Interface between Public and Government

Compatible with individual control interface, like ECI.

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Electric Vehicles in Smart Cities

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Can India’s 50% vehicles be Electric by 2030? Rationale

India does not have much oil Our oil imports rising continuously: hurts Indian

economy No solution in site in short, medium or long-term

Our cities and towns are highly congested Highly polluting urban India

Year

costMechanical Drive-train

Electrical Drive-train

Recent

Year

costPetrol cost per Km

Battery + charge cost per Km

Li-Ion Battery costs fall 8% per annumLi-Ion Battery costs fall 8% per annum

• Cost of mechanical (IC Engine) drive-train (MDT) goes up year after year

• Electrical drive-train without batteries (EDT) cost goes down year after year (R&D, Moore’s law and SW)

• Crosses each other and Gap increase year after year

• Cost of Fuel (Petrol) per Km increases every year

• Total cost of battery per Km (life-time depreciation, interest, maintenance and charging of battery) keeps coming down

• Crossed over recently and gap likely to only accelerateDC Powered Smart-city

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Vehicles and Charging stations

Vehicles to work on a clean energy resource, minimising the carbon emission. Maximum renewable energy consumption ID tagging for billing automation

Charging stations at multiple convenient points such as Petrol stations,

Hotels and Parking lots. Portable charging station for smaller vehicles at every

home.

Cashless billing facility combined with UM through cloud.

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DST and DHI has set up a TAG

Thank You

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