SMADL – The Social Machines Architecture Description Language

8/21/2019 SMADL The Social Machines Architecture Description Language

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[s-Jrobuom fn @eièo bo @mnputom

PNOBA Rlf Pmèoa No`leifs Or`letf`turf

Bfs`reptemi Aoijuojf

dy

Afoibrm Norqufs bm Iosènfitm

[L.B. RLFPEP

Vievfrsebobf Cfbfroa bf [friondu`mpmsjrobuoòmKèi.ucpf.dr

www.èi.ucpf.dr/~pmsjrobuoòm

TF@ECF, 4;?2
http://www.cin.ufpe.br/~posgraduacaohttp://www.cin.ufpe.br/~posgraduacaohttp://www.cin.ufpe.br/~posgraduacao


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VIESFTPEBOBF CFBFTOA BF [FTIONDV@M

@FIRTM BF EICMTNRE@O

[P-JTOBVOM FN @EI@EO BO @MN[VROM

AFOIBTM NOT_VFP BM IOP@ENFIRM

PNOBA RLF PM@EOA NO@LEIFP

OT@LERF@RVTF BFP@TE[REMI AOIJVOJF

Rrodoalm oprfsfitobm om [rmjrono bf [s-jrobuom fn @eièo bo @mnputom bm @fitrmbf Eicmrnteò bo Vievfrsebobf Cfbfroa bf[friondu`m `mnm rfquesetm porèoa poromdtfim bm jrou bf [l.B. fn @eièo bo@mnputom.

Rles [l.B. Rlfses es prfsfitfb tm tlf CfbfroaVievfrsety mc [friondu`m ei porteoa cuaceaanfit mctlf rfquerfnfits cmr tlf bfjrff mc [l.B. ei@mnputfr Pèfi`f.

MTEFIROBMT8 PEASEM TMNFTM BF AFNMP NFETO

TF@ECF, 4;?2


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4/180

E bfbe`otf tles tlfses tm ny coneay oib ny wecf, wlm suppmrtfb nfui`mibetemioaay oib jovf nf strfijtl tm pursuf ny brfons.


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O`gimwafbjnfits

Eieteoaay, E wmuab aegf tm wornay tloig ny coneay, spfèoaay ny porfits oib ny amvfay wecf.

Rlfer suppmrt, ottfitemi oib ei`fitevf wfrf cuibonfitoa tm jevf nf strfijtl tm gffp

wmrgeij. E wmuab imt prmdoday lovf rfo`lfb tles pmeit wetlmut tlfn. Rloig ymu vfry

nu`l cmr hust fxesteij ei ny aecf.

Mif pfrsmi tm wlmn E on vfry jrotfcua cmr lfapeij nf mut tlrmujlmut tles fiterf

hmurify es ny obvesmr oib àmsf crefib Peavem Nfero. Noiy lmurs mc `mivfrsotemis, nffteijs

oib toags lovf dffi spfit wetl Peavem, nogeij tles wmrg pmssedaf. Les ebfos, `mnnfits oib

sujjfstemis wfrf mc jrfot voauf cmr tles tlfses. Dfsebfs tles wmrg etsfac, les fi`murojfnfiteisperfb nf tm df o dfttfr pfrsmi oib tm pusl ny aenets ei mrbfr tm rfo`l ny mdhf`tevfs.

Ei obbetemi, E wmuab aegf tm tloig tlf nfndfrs mc tlfses `mnnettff8 Oafxoibrf

avorm, Boiefa Au`rbem, Gefv Jono, Tmbrejm Ossob oib Seièus @orbmsm. E rfoaay

opprfèotf tlfer fccmrt tm rfob oib `reteèzf ny wmrg oib tm df prfsfit ot ny ceioa

prfsfitotemi. Rlfer `mnnfits wfrf vfry usfcua cmr nf tm cex smnf fxestfit prmdafns oib

enprmvf tles wmrg tm rfo`l tlf afvfa mc fx`faafi`f rfquerfb dy o [lB tlfses.

Nmrfmvfr, E wmuab aegf tm tloig @I[q (@misfalm Ioèmioa bf Bfsfivmavenfitm @efitce`m f

Rfìmaje`m) oib EIFP (Iotemioa Eistetutf cmr Pmctworf Fijeiffreij) cmr prmvebeij nf

ceioièoa suppmrt tm `miàubf tles wmrg.

Oib aost dut imt afost, E wmuab aegf tm tloig `muitafss crefibs mc neif, wlm E bm imt

borf tm ètf mif dy mif tm imt df uicoer wetl oiymif. Rlfy rfoaay nmtevotfb nf wetl

nmnfits mc hmy bureij smnf drfogs oib wffgfibs, lfapeij tm `rfotf oi otnmsplfrf mc

rfifwoa tm gffp up tlf lorb wmrg.

Cmr oaa wlm berf`tay mr eiberf`tay lfapfb nf ei tles hmurify, ny sei`frf tloig ymu.

Afoibrm Norqufs bm Iosènfitm

Tfècf, [friondu`m, Drozea


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Oi mui`f mcpro`te`f es wmrtl nmrf tloi tmis mc prfo`leij.

- Nolotno Joible


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Tfsunm

pmssvfa sf mdsfrvor un oatm `rfsènfitm im infrm bf opaeòfs Zfd sfibm

bfsfivmavebos. Estm fst o`mitf`fibm preièpoanfitf pmrquf o Zfd fst fitroibm fn uno

imvo cosf, `lonobo Zfd prmjronvfa, mibf bevfrsms sestfnos dosfobms io Zfd fstm

bespmiedeaezoibm suos O[Es pudaeònfitf. @mn m mdhftevm bf aebor `mn o `mnpafxebobf

bfsso Zfd fnfrjfitf, fstf trodoalm bfceif o imm bf uno Nqueio Pmèoa (Pmèoa No`leif-

PN) f vesaundro uno aeijuojfn quf pfrnetf bfs`rfvfr rfbfs bf toes nqueios.

[oro `mnfor, is bfceienms uno Nqueio Pmèoa `mnm sfibm un `mnpmifitf

`mif`tvfa f prmjronvfa quf fiòpsuao (ZE)un sestfno bf prm`fssonfitm bf eicmrnom(E[P)f bfceif un `mihuitm bf sfrvems rfqufrebms (TP)f prmvebms ([P), beioneònfitf

bespmivfa smd `frtos rfstrefs (@), os quoes sm bftfrneiobos pmr, bfitrf mutros `mesos,

sfus rfaoèmionfitms (Tfa) `mn tfr`ferms. Fn mutros poaovros, uno PN uno nqueio

`mif`tobo, imrnoanfitf Zfd, quf beioneònfitf prmv f/mu rfqufr un `mihuitm bf

sfrvems bf o`mrbm `mn ms sfus rfaoèmionfitms fstodfafèbms. _uoaqufr opaeòm io Zfd

pmbf sfr vesto `mnm uno PN.

[oro quf sfho pmssvfa o opaeòm prteò bm `mi`fetm bf Nqueio Pmèoa prfveonfitfnfièmiobm, is bfceienms PNOBA, uno aeijuojfn poro bfs`rem orquetfturoa bf PNs,

`mnm uno tfitotevo bf sfr uno cmrno `mnpaftonfitf becfrfitf bf sf prmjronor o Zfd,

nesturoibm `mi`fetms bf aeijuojfis bf bfs`rem orquetfturoa (OBAs) f aeijuojfis

fspf`ceòs bf bmniem (BPAs). @mnm uno OBA, o aeijuojfn pfrnetf o bfs`rem bf

nqueios smèoes (f rfbfs bf toes) fn tfrnms bf rfaoèmionfitms (Tfa)`mnm odstrofs bf

oatm ivfa, sfn o if`fssebobf bf sf fspfèceòr ms bftoalfs bf `mnuieòm (prmtm`mams)

f/mu ntmbms bf outfiteòm. @mnm uno BPA, fao pfrnetf o `reom f eitfjrom bf

sfrvems Zfd usoibm uno seitoxf bf tepms beine`ms, eitfjrobo nqueio vertuoa Hovo f

EBF Fàepsf. @obo fafnfitm bm `mi`fetm bf uno PN berftonfitf nopfobm io aeijuojfn.

Fn pmuòs poaovros, PNOBA pmbf sfr bfceiebo `mnm uno aeijuojfn berejebo o

rfaoèmionfitms quf pmbf sfr usobo poro bfs`rfvfr eitfrofs fitrf quoaqufr infrm bf

nqueios bf einfros cmrnos, `mnm un nfem bf rfprfsfitor nqueios eitfrojeibm io

Zfd rfoanfitf f, mdveonfitf, `mnm un nfem bf rfprfsfitor eitfrofs `mn mutros

nqueios smèoes tondn.


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Srems mutrms fscmrms h cmron cfetms poro bfceier OBAs f oajuis bfafs cmron, bf

oajuno cmrno, opaeòbms im bmniem bo Zfd. Fitrftoitm, l uno àoro coato bf dosf

cuibonfitoa quf prmvfilo odstrofs bf oatm ivfa toes `mnm m nmbfam bf nqueios

smèoes prmv. PNOBA cme enpafnfitobo fn buos vfrsfs, uno tfxtuoa f mutro vesuoa.

Ondos os vfrsfs cmron ovoaeobos otrovs bf un fstubm bf òsm f uno pfsqueso dosfobo io

mpeiem bf fspfèoaesto f eibeòron sfr dmos smaufs poro prmdafnos prte`ms.

[oaovros-`lovf8 Fijfiloreo bf Pmctworf. Aeijuojfis Fspf`ceòs bf Bmniem. Aeijuojfis

bf Bfs`rem Orquetfturoa. Nqueios Pmèoes. Zfd 0.;. Zfd [rmjronvfa.


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Odstro`t

Zf orf fxpfrefièij o lejl jrmwtl ei tlf iundfr mc Zfd oppaeòtemis dfeij

bfvfampfb. Rles es loppfieij noeiay dfòusf tlf Zfd es jmeij eitm o ifw plosf, òaafb

prmjronnodaf Zfd, wlfrf sfvfroa Zfd-dosfb systfns nogf tlfer O[Es pudaeày ovoeaodaf.

Ei mrbfr tm bfoa wetl tlf `mnpafxety mc tles fnfrjeij Zfd, wf bfceif tlf imtemi mc o Pmèoa

No`leif oib fivesojf o aoijuojf tlot òi bfs`redf iftwmrgs mc su`l.

Rm stort wetl, wf bfceif o Pmèoa No`leif (PN) os o `miif`todaf oib prmjronnodaf

dueabeij dam`g tlot wrops (ZE)oi eicmrnotemi prm`fsseij systfn (E[P)oib bfceifs o sft

mc rfquerfb (TP)oib prmvebfb sfrve`fs ([P), byioneòaay ovoeaodaf uibfr `mistroeits (@)wle`l orf bftfrneifb dy, onmij mtlfr tleijs, ets rfaotemisleps (Tfa)wetl mtlfrs. Ei mtlfr

wmrbs, o PN es o `miif`tfb no`leif, usuoaay tm tlf Zfd, wle`l byioneòaay prmvebfs

oib/mr rfquerfs o sft mc sfrve`fs o``mrbeij tm ets fstodaeslfb rfaotemisleps. Oiy oppaeòtemi

ei tlf Zfd òi df sffi os o PN.

Ei mrbfr tm nogf cfosedaf tlf pro`teòa oppaeòtemi mc tlf ocmrfnfitemifb Pmèoa

No`leif `mi`fpt, wf bfceif PNOBA tlf Pmèoa No`leifs Or`letf`turf Bfs`reptemi

Aoijuojf os oi ottfnpt tm df o `mnpaftfay beccfrfit woy tm prmjron tlf Zfd, nexeij`mi`fpts crmn Or`letf`turf Bfs`reptemi Aoijuojfs (OBAs) oib Bmnoei-Ppfèce`

Aoijuojfs (BPAs). Os oi OBA, et oaamws tlf bfs`reptemi mc Pmèoa No`leifs (oib iftwmrgs

mc su`l) ei tfrns mc rfaotemisleps (Tfa) os lejl-afvfa odstro`temis, wetlmut tlf iffb tm

spfècy bftoeas mc `mnnuieòtemi (prmtm`mas) oib/mr outlfiteòtemi nftlmbs. Os o BPA, et

oaamws tlf enpafnfitotemi oib eitfjrotemi mc Zfd sfrve`fs useij o byioneòaay typfb

syitox, cuaay eitfjrotfb tm tlf Hovo Sertuoa No`leif oib Fàepsf EBF. Fvfry fafnfit mc tlf

PN `mi`fpt es berf`tay noppfb eitm tlf aoijuojf. Ei cfw wmrbs, PNOBA òi df bfceifb os

o rfaotemislep-brevfi aoijuojf wle`l òi df usfb tm bfs`redf tlf eitfro`temis dftwffi oiy

iundfr mc no`leifs ei o nuatetubf mc woys, os o nfois tm rfprfsfit rfoa no`leifs

eitfro`teij ei tlf rfoa Zfd oib, mdvemusay, os o nfois tm rfprfsfit eitfro`temis wetl mtlfr

smèoa no`leifs tmm.

Pfvfroa mtlfr fccmrts lovf dffi bmif tm bfceif OBAs, oib o cfw mc tlfn wfrf

smnfwoy oppaefb tm tlf Zfd bmnoei. Lmwfvfr, tlfrf es o àfor ao`g mc cuibonfitoa dosf tm

prmvebf lejl-afvfa odstro`temis tlot tlf Pmèoa No`leif `mi`fpt bmfs. PNOBA los dffienpafnfitfb ei twm vfrsemis, mif tfxtuoa oib mif vesuoa. Dmtl vfrsemis lovf dffi


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fvoauotfb tlrmujl o òsf stuby oib oi fxpfrts mpeiemi survfy oib bfnmistrotfb tm df

jmmb smautemis cmr pro`teòa prmdafns.

Gfywmrbs8Pmctworf Fijeiffreij. Bmnoei-Ppfèce` Aoijuojfs. Or`letf`turf Bfs`reptemi

Aoijuojfs. Pmèoa No`leifs. Zfd 0.;. [rmjronnodaf Zfd.


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Aest mc Cejurfs

Cejurf ?.? O siopslmt mc tlf Zfd os o prmjronnodaf paotcmrn wetl tlf jrmwtl ei

wfd O[Es sei`f 4;;6, o``mrbeij tm ([TMJTONNODAFZFD, 4;?2). .............................. 42

Cejurf ?.4 Rmp ?; nmst `mnnmi O[E `otfjmrefs oib tlfer rfspf`tevf jrmwtl sei`f

4;;5, o``mrbeij tm ([TMJTONNODAFZFD, 4;?2). ....................................................... 42

Cejurf 4.? Rlf systfnote` noppeij prm`fss (oboptfb crmn ([FRFTPFI ft oa., 4;;


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Aest mc Cejurfs

Cejurf 2.< Oi fxonpaf mc o P@O `mnpaftf s`fiorem wetl ets fafnfits oib tlfer

eitfr`miif`temis. .......................................................................................................... ?;6

Cejurf 6.? PNOBA odstro`temi aoyfrs. ........................................................................ ??4

Cejurf 6.4 PNOBA `mi`fptuoa nmbfa, ets vfrsemis `rfotfb wetl nftonmbfa fxtfisemi

oib tlfer rfspf`tevf jfifrotemi prmceafs. ...................................................................... ??0

Cejurf 6.0 PNOBA jfifroa nftonmbfa. ..................................................................... ??2

Cejurf 6.2 t-PNOBA nftonmbfa. Rlf lejlaejltfb stru`turfs (ei aejlt jroy) orf

eilfretfb crmn PNOBA jfifroa nftonmbfa. ................................................................. ??6

Cejurf 6.6 t-PNOBA mbf sieppft. .............................................................................. ??:

Cejurf 6.3 Tfsuats mc o survfy tlot eibe`otfs wle`l orf tlf nmst pmpuaor tf`limamjefs

dfeij usfb ei tlf Zfd s`fiorem. Pmur`f8 ([TMJTONNODAFZFD, 4;?0). ................... ?42

Cejurf 6.: Fxonpaf mc lmw MOutl oi df usfb tm slorf eicmrnotemi. ...................... ?46

Cejurf 6.< @mbf mnpaftemi cfoturf mc t-PNOBA. ...................................................... ?43

Cejurf 6.5 Pyitox oib sfnoite` frrmr voaebotfb ei t-PNOBA paujei .......................... ?4:

Cejurf 6.?; v-PNOBA nftonmbfa. Rlf lejlaejltfb fafnfits (ei aejlt jroy) orf

eilfretfb crmn PNOBA jfifroa nftonmbfa. ................................................................. ?4


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Aest mc Rodafs

Rodaf 4.? Hmurioas usfb ei noiuoa sfor`l. .................................................................. 0:

Rodaf 4.4 @micfrfi`fs usfb ei noiuoa sfor`l. ............................................................ 0:

Rodaf 4.0 Iundfr mc popfrs o``mrbeij tm tlf pudae`otemi typf. ................................. 0


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Aest mc O`rmiyns

OHO\Osyi`lrmimus HovoP`rept oib \NA

OBAOr`letf`turf Bfs`reptemi Aoijuojf

O[EOppaeòtemi [rmjron Eitfrco`f

@DPF@mnpmifit-Dosfb Pmctworf Bfvfampnfit

@TVB@rfotf, Tfob, Vpbotf, oib Bfaftf

@PP@osòbeij Ptyaf Plffts

BIPBmnoei Ionf Pystfn

BPOABmnoei-Ppfèce` Ospf`t Aoijuojfs

BPABmnoei-Ppfèce` Aoijuojf

BPNABmnoei-Ppfèce` Nmbfaeij Aoijuojfs

FNCFàepsf Nmbfaeij Cronfwmrg

JFCJropleòa Fbeteij Cronfwmrg (Fàepsf)

JNCJropleòa Nmbfaeij Cronfwmrg (Fàepsf)

J[AJfifroa-[urpmsf Aoijuojf

J_NJmoa _ufstemi Nftre`

JPNJamdoa Pystfn cmr Nmdeaf `mnnuieòtemi

JVEJropleòa Vsfr Eitfrco`f

LRNALypfrtfxt Norgup Aoijuojf

LRR[Lypfrtfxt Rroiscfr [rmtm`ma

EBFEitfro`tevf Bfvfampnfit Fiverminfit

EooPEicrostru`turf os o Pfrve`f

Em@Eivfrsemi mc @mitrma (Em@),

EmPEitfrift mc Rleijs

E[Eitfrift [rmtm`ma

E[P- Eicmrnotemi [rm`fsseij Pystfn

HPMIHovoP`rept Mdhf`t Imtotemi

HSNHovo Sertuoa No`leif

NS@Nmbfa-Sefw-@mitrmaafr

NPPystfnote` Noppeij Ptuby

MOutlMpfi Outlmrezotemi [rmtm`ma

MMMdhf`t Mrefitfb (prmjronneij aoijuojf)

[P[rmvebfb Pfrve`fs


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Aest mc O`rmiyns

TfaTfaotemisleps

TFOPRTfprfsfitotemioa O`temi Ptotf Rroiscfr

TFPRTfprfsfitotemioa Ptotf Rroiscfr

TC@Tfqufst cmr @mnnfits

TEOTe`l Eitfrift Oppaeòtemi

TmTTudy mi Toeas

TMZOTfsmur`f Mrefitfb Zfd Outmnotemi

T[@Tfnmtf [rm`fburf @oaa

TPTfquerfb Pfrve`fs

PooPPmctworf os o Pfrve`f

PBCPyitox Bfceietemi Cmrnoaesn

PNPmèoa No`leif

PNOBAPmèoa No`leif Or`letf`turf Bfs`reptemi Aoijuojf

P@OPfrve`f @mnpmifit Or`letf`turf

PAM@Pmur`f Aeifs mc @mbf

PMOPfrve`f Mrefitfb Or`letf`turf

PM@Pfrve`f Mrefitfb @mnputeij

PMO[Penpaf Mdhf`t O``fss [rmtm`ma

P[APmctworf [rmbu`t Aeif

PTmr PATPystfnote` Aetfroturf Tfvefw

t-PNOBARfxtuoa PNOBA

VTEViecmrn Tfsmur`f Ebfitecefr

VTAViecmrn Tfsmur`f Amòtmr

v-PNOBASesuoa PNOBA

Z@CZeibmws @mnnuieòtemi Cmuibotemi

ZEZroppfr Eitfrco`f

\ooPFvfrytleij os o Pfrve`f

\NE\NA Nftoboto Eitfr`loijf

\NAf\tfisedaf Norgup Aoijuojf


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@mitfits

?. EIRTMBV@REMI.................................................................................................................. 4;

?.?. Pmctworf oib prmjronneij aoijuojfs .............................................................................. 4?

?.4. Nmtevotemi8 o ifw fro cmr tlf Zfd-dosfb eicmrnotemi systfns ........................................ 40

?.0. [rmdafn stotfnfit ............................................................................................................ 46

?.2. Mut mc s`mpf ...................................................................................................................... 43

?.6. Ptotfnfit mc tlf `mitredutemis ......................................................................................... 4:

?.3. Mutaeif .............................................................................................................................. 4


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@mitfits

4.:. @mi`aubeij rfnorgs ........................................................................................................... 63

4.


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@mitfits

6.0.4. t-PNOBA loro`tfreste`s ........................................... ............................................... ??5

6.0.4.?. @mnpmsetemi ................................................................. ....................................... ??5

6.0.4.4. Lftfrmjfifety ........................................... .......................................................... ??5

6.0.4.0. Vibfrstoibodeaety ................................................................................................ ?4;

6.0.4.2. Fvmautemi ............................................................................................................. ?4;

6.0.4.6. Byionesn............................................................. ............................................... ?4;

6.0.4.3. P`oaodeaety ............................................................................................................ ?4;

6.0.4.:. @mistroeits ........................................................... ............................................... ?4?

6.0.4.


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@mitfits

3.4.?. Bfceietemi ................................................................................................................ ?22

3.4.?.?. Jmoa ...................................................................... ............................................... ?22

3.4.?.4. _ufstemis ............................................................. ............................................... ?22

3.4.?.0. Nftre`s ................................................................................................................ ?22

3.4.?.2. Rlf prmhf`t usfb ei tlf stuby8 WUMV^ Pm`eoa No`leif (DVTFJEM ft oa., 4;?2) .... ?26

3.4.4. [aoiieij................................................................................................................... ?23

3.4.0. Mpfrotemi .................................................................................... ............................ ?2:

3.4.2. Oioayses oib eitfrprftotemi ..................................................................................... ?2


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@loptfr?4;

Eitrmbu`temi

P`efi`f nust lovf mrejeiotfb ei tlf cffaeij tlot smnftleij wos wrmij

Rlmnos @orayaf (?:56-?


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@loptfr?Eitrmbu`temi | 4?

oib Zegepfbeo trefb tm mvfr`mnf oiy cuaay òaècefb stotf mc gimwafbjf dy noiecfsteij tlfer

rfspf`tevf rfpmsetmrefs os aeveij siopslmts mc tlf wmrabs eicmrnotemi.

@misebfreij tlf ùrrfit camw mc tles aorjf onmuit mc eicmrnotemi, et es àfor tlot mur

ùrrfit smèfty es juebfb dy tlf eicmrnotemi ojf oib tles afobs us tm eivfst nu`l mi`mnputeij rfsmur`fs tlot `muab rftrefvf, prm`fss, stmrf, `mitrma, sfor`l, oib troisnet su`l

eicmrnotemi odmut fvfry ospf`t ei mur aecf. Rles woy, o cui`temieij nfndfr mc mur smèfty

nust afori oib nostfr o sft mc spfèce` sgeaas oib noiy mc tlfn orf ei `frtoei woy rfaotfb tm

`mnputeij, su`l os prmjronneij (mr mbeij).

O``mrbeij tm (DMM@L, 4;?2), tlfrfs `misebfrodaf eitfrfst ei tfo`leij `mbeij os o

dose` sgeaa. Rlf imiprmcet mrjoiezotemi @mbf.mrj es pfrlops tlf bmneioit vme`f ei tles

spo`f. Ets vesemi es tlot fvfry stubfit ei fvfry s`lmma slmuab lovf tlf mppmrtuiety tm afori `mnputfr

prmjronneij. Zf dfaefvf `mnputfr sèfi`f slmuab df port mc tlf `mrf ùrreùaun ei fbuòtemi, oamijsebf

mtlfr sèfi`f, tf`limamjy, fijeiffreij, oib notlfnote`s (PRFN) `mursfs, su`l os demamjy, plyse`s, `lfnestry,

oib oajfdro. Oamij wetl tlf fccmrts mc @mbf.mrj, mtlfr mrjoiezotemis lovf obbfb tlfer vme`f

tm tles wmrtly òusf, su`l os8 @mbfoòbfny, Jeras Zlm @mbf, @mbfrBmhm, oib noiy

mtlfrs.

Rles wmrg slorfs tlf ebfo crmn (DMM@L, 4;?2) wle`l soys8 ets o vfry jmmb tleij tlot

fvfrymif los o dose` uibfrstoibeij mc tlf tf`limamjy dfleib tlf smctworf-eitfisevf systfns wetl wle`l wf

fxest oib orf `mfvmaveij. Ei sunnory, tlf noei pleamsmply es8 prmjron mr df prmjronnfb

(TVPLGMCC, 4;?0).

?.?. Pmctworf oib prmjronneij aoijuojfs

Rrobetemioa smctworf fijeiffreij pro`te`fs fi`mnposs ot afost cevf stojfs mc bfvfampnfit8

rfquerfnfits, oioayses, enpafnfitotemi, tfsteij oib noeitfioi`f ([TFPPNOI, 4;;5),

besrfjorbeij oiy spfèce` smctworf prm`fss. Jfifroaay spfogeij, tlf fijeiffreij mc smctworf

systfns `misests mi troiscmrneij lunoi uibfrstoibodaf gimwafbjf eitm `mnputfr

fxfùtodaf `mbf. Pei`f tlfrf es im slmrt potl tm fxfùtf su`l o troiscmrnotemi, wf tfib

tm fxfùtf et ei slmrt stfps8 cerstay uibfrstoibeij oib (smnftenfs) wreteij bmwi wlot o

systfn es suppmsfb tm df ei tfrns mc rfquerfnfits oib imrnoaay useij ioturoa aoijuojfs7

tlfi rfprfsfiteij oi eieteoa stru`turf mc tlf systfns ei tfrns mc wlot wf òaa smctworf

or`letf`turf7 oib fvfituoaay rfprfsfiteij tles stru`turf ei oi oajmretlne` woy, e.f. useij oi

opprmpreotf aoijuojf. Curtlfr stfps `lf`g ec tlf oajmretlns not`l wlot tlf rfquerfnfits

lovf spfècefb.


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@loptfr?Eitrmbu`temi | 44

Rm sunnorezf, smctworf systfns orf dueat upmi `mnputfr aoijuojfs mr dfttfr òaafb

prmjronneij aoijuojfs. O prmjronneij aoijuojf es o imtotemi cmr fxprfsseij

`mnputotemis (oajmretlns) ei dmtl no`leif oib lunoi rfobodaf cmrn. O jfiueif qufstemi

ot tles pmeit `muab df8 wle`l prmjronneij aoijuojf es suetodaf cmr o spfèce` `mitfxt=Ei

mrbfr tm oiswfr tlot qufstemi, et es if`fssory tm uibfrstoib tlf typfs mc fxestfit

prmjronneij aoijuojfs.

Beccfrfit typfs mc prmdafns òi df obbrfssfb dy beccfrfit typfs mc prmjronneij

aoijuojfs. Vseij opprmpreotf aoijuojfs cmr spfèce` prmdafns oib `mitfxts òi afob tm

nmrf fccf`tevf smautemis ei tfrns mc rfbu`fb `msts cmr bfvfampnfit oib noeitfioi`f mc

smctworf (FTBZFJ7 CFLTFIDO@L7 MPRFTNOII, 4;?2). Rlf ebfoa prmjronneij

aoijuojf slmuab prmvebf tlf rejlt afvfa mc odstro`temi, nfoieij tlot et bfs`redfs smautemis

ioturoaay oib lebfs uiif`fssory bftoeas (GMPOT ft oa., 4;?;). Ei obbetemi, et slmuab df

fxprfssevf fimujl oib slmuab prmvebf juoroitffs mi prmpfrtefs tlot orf `reteòa cmr tlf

prmdafn bmnoei.

Oatlmujl tlfrf orf noiy aoijuojfs torjfteij oiy typf mc prmdafn, tlf sm-òaafb

Jfifroa-[urpmsf Aoijuojfs (J[As), nmrf fxprfssevf aoijuojfs ioturoaay torjfts o spfèce`

bmnoei (NFTIEG7 LFFTEIJ7 PAMOIF, 4;;6). Ei tles sfisf, Bmnoei-spfèce`

aoijuojfs (BPAs) orf aoijuojfs toeamrfb tm o spfèce` oppaeòtemi bmnoei tlot prmvebfbmnoei `mi`fpts os aoijuojf `mistru`ts. Rlfy mccfr sudstoiteoa joeis ei fxprfssevfifss oib

fosf mc usf wlfi `mnporfb tm J[As ei tlfer bmnoei mc oppaeòtemi. Ei obbetemi, BPAs

mccfr o woy tm rfbu`f noeitfioi`f `msts. Rles fiodafs prmjronnfrs tm nop gimwafbjf

eitm smur`f `mbf oib ve`f vfrso, wle`l senpaecefs tlf `rfotemi, `mnprflfisemi, oib

noeitfioi`f mc bmnoei-spfèce` prmjrons (BFVTPFI7 GAEIR, ?55


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?.4. Nmtevotemi8 o ifw fro cmr tlf Zfd-dosfb eicmrnotemi systfns

Onmij sfvfroa beccfrfit bmnoeis, mif tlot es fxpfrefièij o sejieceòit jrmwtl ei tlf

iundfr oppaeòtemis dfeij bfvfampfb cmr oib ei tlf Zfd bmnoei, prmdoday stenuaotfb dy

tlf jrmweij iundfr mc prmjronneij eitfrco`fs (O[Es) pudaeày ovoeaodaf.

Ei tlf aost bfòbfs, wf orf sffeij o slect crmn stoiboamif smctworf tm lejlay

`miif`tfb systfns, noeiay dfòusf mc tlf fxtrfnf pmpuaorety oib udequety mc tlf Eitfrift.

Ei tlf dfjeiieij mc `mnnfrèoa Eitfrift, tlf Zfd wos doseòaay o rfob-miaysft mc ossfts,

wetl `mitfit dfeij prmbu`fb dy o cfw spfèoaezfb fxpfrts mr spfèce` ER `mnpoiefs oib

`misunfb ei ets nohmrety dy o yft rfbu`fb jrmup mc imve`f usfrs. Ei tlot tenf (neb ?55;s),

o `mnnmi o`tevety wos wfd surceij mr oi oimiynmus bmwiamob ei o CR[ (Ceaf Rroiscfr

[rmtm`ma) sfrvfr. Tfjuaor usfrs wfrf usfb tm `misunf `mitfit oib rorfay upamob boto.Imwoboys, tlfsf typfs mc troiso`temis steaa m`ùr crfqufitay wlfi smnfmif pfrcmrns o

dose` wfd sfor`l ammgeij cmr spfèce` `mitfit.

Zetl tlf nossevf prfsfi`f mc pfmpaf, tlf `mi`fpt mc Zfd 4.; los fnfrjfb, oaamweij

mrbeiory usfrs tm `misunf oib prmbu`f (rfob-wretf) nmrf eicmrnotemi. Rlot es tlf tenf mc

pfrsmioa wfd setfs, wfd amjs (mr damjs), nuatepaoyfr joneij, smèoa iftwmrgs, oib sm mi.

Rlfsf o`tevetefs eivmavf usfrs tlot nossevfay prmbu`f oib `misunf `mitfit. Vpamobeij oib

sloreij nuatenfbeo `mitfit df`mnfs o rfjuaor o`tevety, sm nu`l tlot nmrf tloi :;% mc tlfEitfrift trocce` es nobf mc vebfm oib et es jmeij tm df nmrf tloi


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(oubem/vebfm) strfoneij, obvfrteseij, sfor`l, stmrojf oib noiy mtlfrs. Ei tles sfisf,

`rfoteij o ifw wfd 0.;-dosfb oppaeòtemi es nu`l nmrf odmut wreteij `miif`temis dftwffi

ovoeaodaf sfrve`fs tloi `rfoteij o ùstmn eicmrnotemi systfn.Cejurf ?.4 slmws o sunnory

mc tlf nmst `mnnmiay usfb O[E òtfjmrefs oib tlfer rfspf`tevf jrmwtl sei`f 4;;5.

Cejurf ?.? O siopslmt mc tlf Zfd os o prmjronnodaf paotcmrn wetl tlf jrmwtl ei wfd O[Es

sei`f 4;;6, o``mrbeij tm ([TMJTONNODAFZFD, 4;?2).

Cejurf ?.4 Rmp ?; nmst `mnnmi O[E òtfjmrefs oib tlfer rfspf`tevf jrmwtl sei`f 4;;5,o``mrbeij tm ([TMJTONNODAFZFD, 4;?2).


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?.0. [rmdafn stotfnfit

Bfspetf tlf quetf aorjf obmptemi mc pudaeày ovoeaodaf O[Es, tlfrf orf smnf `loaafijfs tm

stort prmjronneij tlf Zfd 0.;, os cmaamweij8

Beccfrfit prmjronneij aoijuojfs8 jfifroa purpmsf aoijuojfs orf usuoaay juebfb

dy o porobejn, su`l os mdhf`t mrefitotemi mr cui`temioa. Fo`l prmjronneij aoijuojf

los iotevf stru`turfs tlot oaamw tlf prmjronnfr tm odstro`t rfoa prmdafns eitm tlf

`mnputotemioa wmrab, su`l os àossfs/mdhf`ts, pmaynmrplesn, eilfretoi`f, aondbo

fxprfssemis, oib mtlfrs. Lmwfvfr, J[As `mnnmiay bm imt fndro`f spfèce`

`mi`fpts mc o bmnoei afobeij tm tlf iffb mc useij `mnpaenfitory cronfwmrgs oib

O[Es, obbeij nu`l mc dmeafrpaotf `mbf tm tlf smctworf oib nogeij et afss rfusodaf

oib noeitoeiodaf (NFTIEG7 LFFTEIJ7 PAMOIF, 4;;6). Rles es imt beccfrfitwlfi tlf Zfd bmnoei es togfi eitm o``muit. Pfvfroa cronfwmrgs ei sfvfroa beccfrfit

prmjronneij aoijuojfs lovf dffi bfvfampfb oib usfb tm nogf pmssedaf tlf `rfotemi

mc Zfd oppaeòtemis. Os cor os fvfry oppaeòtemi es df`mneij Zfd-dosfb, tlf usf mc

su`l cronfwmrgs orf df`mneij noibotmry, ei`rfoseij tlf `mnpafxety mc tlfsf

oppaeòtemis.

Bevfrsety mc uibfrayeij tf`limamjefs oib stoiborbs8 dfsebfs beccfrfit aoijuojfs

tlot òi df `lmsfi wleaf bfvfampeij Zfd-dosfb smctworf, tlfrf orf noiy

tf`limamjefs oib stoiborbs tlot òi df obmptfb. Rf`limamjefs aegf TFPR

(CEFABEIJ7 ROUAMT, 4;;;), PMO[ (NOTREI JVBJEI ft oa., 4;;:), HPMI-

T[@?, TPP4, \NA-T[@ oib fvfi PNP (Plmrt Nfssojf Pfrve`f) orf quetf pmpuaor

wlfi oppaeòtemis iffb tm fx`loijf eicmrnotemi mi tlf Zfd. Fo`l mc tlfn òi df

usfb dy beccfrfit prmjronneij aoijuojfs ei o beccfrfit woy. Cmr fxonpaf, mif jevfi

TFPR O[E òi df fquoaay enpafnfitfb ei Hovo (wetl Hovo oiimtotemis) mr ei [ytlmi

wetl o `mnpaftfay beccfrfit stru`turf, fvfi tlmujl tlf O[E etsfac wmuab dflovf

seneaoray. Nmrfmvfr, tlf bfvfampfr slmuab df o`quoeitfb tm lmw TFPR oib

`misfqufitay tlf uibfrayeij `mnnuieòtemi prmtm`ma (LRR[) wmrg tm nogf tlf O[E

ovoeaodaf o``mrbeijay.

Ao`g mc oi odstro`t nmbfa cmr Zfd 0.;-dosfb oppaeòtemis 8 prmjronneij

porobejns jfifroaay bfceif o cuibonfitoa odstro`t nmbfa tm lfap bfvfampfrs mi

`rfoteij rfoa-wmrab smctworf. Rles odstro`t nmbfa usuoaay prmvebfs eisejlts tm `rfotf

nmrf `mnpafx smctworf wetlmut loveij tm uibfrstoib noiy bftoeas mc lmw o

?HovoP`rept Mdhf`t Imtotemi -lttp8//hsmi.mrj/.4TPP 4.; Ppfèceòtemi -lttp8//www.rssdmorb.mrj/rss-spfèceòtemi.
http://json.org/http://json.org/http://json.org/http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specificationhttp://www.rssboard.org/rss-specificationhttp://www.rssboard.org/rss-specificationhttp://www.rssboard.org/rss-specificationhttp://json.org/


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`mnputfr wmrgs, ei nottfr mc faf`trmie` mr plyse`s, cmr fxonpaf. Ei mrbfr tm bfoa

wetl tlf fvfr ei`rfoseij `mnpafxety mc tlf rfoa wmrab, prmjronneij aoijuojfs lob tm

ei`rfosf tlfer afvfa mc odstro`temi. Rles es wlot loppfis, cmr eistoi`f, wetl tlf mdhf`t-

mrefitfb porobejn. Rlf àossfs oib mdhf`ts odstro`t nmbfa lfaps mi loibaeij

fiòpsuaotemi, nmbuaorezotemi, rfusf oib mtlfr nmbfri smctworf-rfaotfb essufs. Ei

tles sfisf, mif dose` prmdafn wleaf `rfoteij Zfd-0.; oppaeòtemis es tlf ao`g mc oi

odstro`t nmbfa tm bfs`redf spfèce` Zfd-rfaotfb essufs. Rles typf mc oppaeòtemi

ioturoaay òrrefs `mi`fpts crmn `mnnuieòtemi prmtm`mas tm outlmrezotemi oib

sfùrety essufs, wle`l ei`rfosfs `misebfroday tlf afvfa mc odstro`temi. Lmwfvfr, su`l

`mi`fpts orf imt fndfbbfb ei tlf uibfrayeij prmjronneij aoijuojf, mdaejoteij

bfvfampfrs tm bfbeòtf fccmrts mi enpafnfiteij oib tfsteij spfèce` Zfd-rfaotfb

essufs, rotlfr tloi bfbeòteij mi tlf `mrf duseifss ruafs mc oi eicmrnotemi systfn.

Rlfrfcmrf, tlf jmoa mc tlf wmrg bfs`redfb ei tles tlfses òi df stotfb os8

Ei mrbfr tm dfttfr uibfrstoib tles ifw fnfrjeij Zfd 0.; oib `mpf wetl tlf

bevfrsety mc prmjronneij aoijuojfs oib uibfrayeij tf`limamjefs, tles wmrg eitrmbu`fs o

ifw cuibonfitoa odstro`t `mi`fpt òaafb Pmèoa No`leifs (PN) oib o lejl-afvfa aoijuojf,

ionfb PNOBA (tlf Pmèoa No`leifs Or`letf`turf Bfs`reptemi Aoijuojf), ei mrbfr tm

bfs`redf iftwmrgs mc su`l, os oi ottfnpt tm df o beccfrfit woy tm prmjron tlf Zfd, nexeij`mi`fpts crmn Or`letf`turf Bfs`reptemi Aoijuojfs (OBAs) oib Bmnoei-Ppfèce`

Aoijuojfs (BPAs). PNOBA troisporfitay fndfbs `mi`fpts su`l os oppaeòtemi

rfaotemisleps oib tlfer rfspf`tevf `mistroeits, oib outlmrezotemi prm`fssfs wetl tlfer

sfùrety essufs.

?.2. Mut mc s`mpf

Pei`f tlf prmpmsfb Pmèoa No`leif nmbfa oib PNOBA orf port mc o drmobfr `mitfxt, smnf

rfaotfb ospf`ts weaa df afct mut mc ets s`mpf. Ifvfrtlfafss, os tlfsf ospf`ts wfrf fivesemifb

sei`f tlf eieteoa bfceietemis mc tlf cronfwmrg, tlfy òi df obbfb ei cuturf wetl smnf

obhustnfits. Rlus, tlf cmaamweij essufs orf imt berf`tay obbrfssfb dy tles wmrg8

O Bmnoei Ionf Pystfn (BIP) cmr Pmèoa No`leifs8 ei mrbfr tm eitfjrotf Pmèoa

No`leifs tlrmujl tlf Zfd, et es if`fssory tlot tlfy bes`mvfr fo`l mtlfr dosfb mi

smnf typf mc bfs`reptemi, ebfiteceòtemi mr obbrfss, seneaoray tm wlot tlf BIP bmfs

tm ùrrfit Eitfrift. BIP troiscmrns oi VTA dosfb mi oi foseay nfnmrodaf

sfqufi`f mc `loro`tfrs ei oi E[ obbrfss tlot uiequfay ebfitecefs o no`leif mi tlf


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@loptfr?Eitrmbu`temi | 4:

Zfd. Ei tles `mitfxt, o BIP cmr Pmèoa No`leifs wmuab troiscmrn o dose`

bfs`reptemi, hust aegf noppeij mr stmrojf, tm o `mrrfspmibfit no`leif VTA. Et

wmuab df nu`l nmrf aegf o sfor`l fijeif oib BIP oaa tmjftlfr. Mtlfr qufstemis

wmuab oresf ec o systfn aegf tlot wos ovoeaodaf, su`l os8 wlot ec twm no`leifs lovf tlf

sonf bfs`reptemi, tlfi wle`l mif los tlf premrety tm oiswfr smnf rfqufst= Zlot ec

mif no`leif es slut bmwi, tlfi slmuab oimtlfr seneaor no`leif wetl seneaor sfrve`f

togf ets pao`f= Rles wmrg bmfs imt berf`tay obbrfss oiy mc tlfsf qufstemis imr

enpafnfits o BIP-aegf systfn cmr Pmèoa No`leifs. Zf ossunf tlot o rfaotemislep

dftwffi PNs es fstodaeslfb miay ec tlfy prfvemusay gimw fo`l mtlfr.

PNOBA bfceifb os o cmrnoa aoijuojf8 bureij mur uibfrstoibeij mc tlf

`loro`tfreste`s mc BPAs oib OBAs, wf rfoaezfb tlot useij o cmrnoa sfnoite`s ei o

aoijuojf wmuab gffp mcc pmtfiteoa usfrs, dfòusf et wmuab df eitreiseòaay nmrf

`mnpafx tm wretf oib noeitoei `mbf ei su`l aoijuojf. Rlfi wf bfèbfb tm bfvfamp o

senpaf jronnor cmr PNOBA, wetlmut cmrnoa sfnoite`s mi et.

O prm`fss cmr `rfoteij lejl-afvfa aoijuojfs8 bureij mur eivfstejotemi mi BPAs

oib OBAs (@loptfrs4 oib0), wf wfrf odaf tm òtoamj sfvfroa tf`liequfs, nftlmbs

oib prm`fssfs cmr `rfoteij oib noeitoeieij lejl-afvfa aoijuojfs. Rles wmrg es imt

eitfibfb tm stru`turf o prm`fss cmr `rfoteij BPAs mr OBAs, dut tm rfusf tlf fxestfit

tf`liequfs ei mrbfr tm `rfotf PNOBA.

?.6. Ptotfnfit mc tlf `mitredutemis

Os o rfsuat mc tlf wmrg prfsfitfb ei tles tlfses, tlf cmaamweij `mitredutemis òi df

fiunfrotfb8

Oi eitrmbu temi mc oi odstro`t nmbfa cmr tlf Zfd 0.;8 tlf Pmèoa No`leif es o

imvfa `mi`fpt tlot lfaps mi uibfrstoibeij tlf `mnpafx stru`turfs mc prmjronnodaf

Zfd. Rlf bfceietemi mc o aoijuojf tlot rfoaezfs tlf Pmèoa No`leif nmbfa8 PNOBA

los dffi cuaay enpafnfitfb oib tfstfb dosfb mi tlf PN `mi`fptuoa nmbfa,

prfsfiteij o imvfa woy tm prmjron tlf Zfd. Nmrfmvfr, tm togf cuaa obvoitojf mc tlf

lejl-afvfa mc odstro`temi mc PNOBA, et wos enpafnfitfb ei twm vfrsemis tlot

fxtfibfb tlf PN nmbfa8 mif tfxtuoa oib mif vesuoa aoijuojf, fo`l mif oppaeòdaf tm

beccfrfit `mitfxts, jfifroteij beccfrfit typfs mc `mbf, oib bfnmistroteij tlf drmob

oppaeòdeaety mc tlf nmbfa oib aoijuojf tlfnsfavfs.


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@loptfr?Eitrmbu`temi | 4 ":26?04?04?0?"sf`rft> "0lh4osc02n32;50d`v40ghios"usfr-tmgfi> ":26?04?04?0?|LUags402DfIh3:S5gh040f2"

^ typf8 CVAA]O@@FPP//fvfry seijaf mpfrotemi mc brmpdmx

//PN 'co`fdmmg' nust df aestfb ei tlf 'rfaotfs tm' sf`temico`fdmmg[msts wetlco`fdmmg Wure> "lttps8//jropl.co`fdmmg.`mn/moutl/o` fss]tmgfi"ope-gfy> "6204?320?


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@loptfr6PNOBA8 Rlf Pm`eoa No`leifs Or`letf`turf Bfs`reptemi Aoijuojf | ??

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SMADL – The Social Machines Architecture Description Language