Phylum Molluska: Bilateral Symmetry Body has: visceral mass
(organs) mantle, adapted for respiration or shell secretion one or
more muscular feet for mobility True coelom in visceral mass
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Rough File Clam - bivalve tucked into crevasses in reef snap
shut if threatened filter feeders
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Amber Penshell - bivalve closes when approached shells often
overgrown bivalve mollusk filter feeder
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Chitons - Polyplacophora most species graze algae from rocks
shell divided into seven separate plates
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Queen Conch - Gastropod
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Flamingo Tongue Snail - Gastropod found feeding on gorgonians
spotted mantle will retract if disturbed poison is stolen from
gorgonians
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Reef Octopus - Cephalopod only likely to come out at night
masters of quick color change approach gently, it may play!
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Reef Squid - Cephalopod colors shimmer over skin often in
schools may approach you closely if youre calm
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Lettuce Nudibranch skin ruffles on back (gills) look like
lettuce color variable feed on algae
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Phylum Echinodermata Many have hard endoskeleton just beneath
the surface spines may penetrate out Radial Symmetry as adults Most
have arms radiating from central disk
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Basket Star daytime appearance catches plankton with arms,
passes it into mouth in center unrolls at night
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Black and White Crinoid
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Golden Crinoid 20 arms for feeding body hidden in reef
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Brittle star
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Sea Biscuit; Heart Sea Urchin look for inch pea crab in spines
most likely on sand at night
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Pencil Sea Urchin
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Long-spine Sea Urchin
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Sea Urchin
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Sea Cucumber; Tigers Tail tail anchored in reef, mouth end
scavenges 3 feet 6 feet long
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Sea Cucumber; Donkey Dung
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Phylum Arthropoda Class Crustacea Hard exoskeleton Jointed
appendages
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Thor Anemone Shrimp
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Spotted Cleaner Shrimp
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Banded Coral Shrimp Body length
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Pedersons Cleaning Shrimp Common in corkscrew anemone may clean
your hand if youre patient
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Arrow Crab Spider-like Long rostrum (snout) Eyes at base of
rostrum Purple chelipeds Body length
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Channel Clinging Crab (king crab)
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Nimble Spray Crab Fluorescent green line Hide under boulders or
sea urchins when approached
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Hermit Crab
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Spiny Lobster
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Spanish/Slipper Lobster Only likely to see one on a night dive
Slipper shaped?
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Worms Most or all of these are in the Annelid phlya, with
segmented bodies
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Christmas Tree Worm 2 spiral crowns per worm crowns serve as
gills and feeding appendages
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Bristle worm
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Horseshoe Worm uses fronds for feeding and respiration
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Spaghetti Worm Multiple white feeding tentacles Retracts when
disturbed
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Cnidarians All have: tentacles stinging cells a gut with one
opening medusa or polyp body form
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Bleached Brain Coral 10 ft
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Brain Coral 10 ft
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Elkhorn coral Dont get hung up on these in shallow water! 3
feet to 12 feet tall/wide
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Great Star Coral 2-8 feet across
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Staghorn coral 1-8 feet across, home to damselfish
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Finger and Pencil Corals 1 foot to 4 feet across Finger: 3 160
deep Pencil usually deep Finger whitish Pencil yellowish
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Lettuce Coral colonies vary in shape all display ridged
surface
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Flower Coral large coralites on individual stalks polyps
extended
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Shelf Coral 1 foot to 5 feet wide Several corals take this form
on the wall growing to light
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Fire Coral White, filamentous edges May take many different
shapes The COLORS are the key!
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Cassiopeia (Mangrove Jelly)
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Sea Wasp generally encountered 1-10 deep Avoid stings, but if
stung, treat as follows: apply meat tenderizer & vinegar paste
or baking soda paste shave area DONT rinse with soap or fresh water
(causes unfired nematocysts to fire) wash gear in salt water and
allow to dry