[Slideshare] akhlaq-course (february 2013-batch) - # 3b -(9-march-2013)

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFUL.MOST MERCIFUL. ““INTRODUCTION TO THE INTRODUCTION TO THE

STUDY OF ‘STUDY OF ‘ILM AL-AKHLAQ ILM AL-AKHLAQ ””Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for AdultsIntermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adults

conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj IsmailLESSON # 3 b – LESSON # 3 b –

PREPARATION FOR LEARNINGPREPARATION FOR LEARNING

INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OFINTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF ‘‘ILM AL-AKHLAQILM AL-AKHLAQ

“Verily! You (Muhammad) are upon the most exalted (Khuluq) disposition.”

Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.

““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

UPDATED – UPDATED – 9 March 2013 9 March 2013 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013))

It is called “It is called “RuhRuh” – ‘spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which we do ” – ‘spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which we do

not know except very little.not know except very little.

When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its identity, it When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its identity, it

is called “is called “NafsNafs” – ‘self’. And it may go through many ‘states’ (” – ‘self’. And it may go through many ‘states’ (AHWALAHWAL))

The word The word ““QolbQolb” – “” – “Fu-adFu-ad” ‘heart’, also refers to our Soul, ” ‘heart’, also refers to our Soul,

when it is in the mode of reflection, or contemplation in understanding meanings. when it is in the mode of reflection, or contemplation in understanding meanings.

Maintaining its well-being and purity must be of the ultimate concern.Maintaining its well-being and purity must be of the ultimate concern.

When Allah s.w.t. grants When Allah s.w.t. grants TaufiqTaufiq whereupon its understanding of ‘Reality’ whereupon its understanding of ‘Reality’

penetrates deeply, it is referred to as “penetrates deeply, it is referred to as “LubbLubb” - ‘innermost’; ‘core’” - ‘innermost’; ‘core’

If is guided by Allah to go deeper still, it is referred to as “If is guided by Allah to go deeper still, it is referred to as “SirrSirr” – ‘secret’” – ‘secret’

But all these terms refer to the same thing i.e. Our Spiritual Self.But all these terms refer to the same thing i.e. Our Spiritual Self.

WaAllaahu a’lamWaAllaahu a’lam

EPISTEMOLOGYPREVIOUS LESSON

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013))

PREVIOUS LESSON


“TRADITIONAL LEARNING FROM ISLAMIC TEACHERS AND SCHOLARS”

PREVIOUS LESSON


PREVIOUS LESSON


“Whomsoever that Allah wishes for him goodness, He will

make him a FAQIH (learned) in matters of the

religion(Deen); and for everything there is a pillar, and the

pillar of this religion is AL-FIQH – (the profound

understanding of the Deen); a learned scholar (of the Deen)

is more difficult upon satan than a thousand worshippers.”

((Reported by Bukhary and MuslimReported by Bukhary and Muslim))

PREVIOUS LESSON


““The best ones amongst you is the person who makes you The best ones amongst you is the person who makes you

remember Allah when you look upon him; and whenever he remember Allah when you look upon him; and whenever he

speaks it increases you your knowledge (of the Deen), and with speaks it increases you your knowledge (of the Deen), and with

his deeds it inspires (motivates) you to strive for your his deeds it inspires (motivates) you to strive for your

Hereafter.”Hereafter.”

((Hadith reported by Hakim from Ibnu ‘Umar r.aHadith reported by Hakim from Ibnu ‘Umar r.a.).)

PREVIOUS LESSON


PREVIOUS LESSON


““Knowledge is not from the listening of much narrations Knowledge is not from the listening of much narrations

(or merely reading books), verily knowledge is light (which (or merely reading books), verily knowledge is light (which

Allah s.w.t. casts) into the heart.”Allah s.w.t. casts) into the heart.”

((Saying of Saying of ** Ibnu Mas’ud r.a Ibnu Mas’ud r.a.).)

* The famous companion (SAHABI) of the Prophet s.a.a.w.The famous companion (SAHABI) of the Prophet s.a.a.w.

PREVIOUS LESSON



““Whoever seeks knowledge (intending) to argue with Whoever seeks knowledge (intending) to argue with

the learned (scholars), or to brag with the foolish; the learned (scholars), or to brag with the foolish;

or with it to attract peoples’ attention to himself; or with it to attract peoples’ attention to himself;

Allah will make him to enter the Hell-fire.”Allah will make him to enter the Hell-fire.”

((Hadith also reported by Tirmidzi and Ibn MajahHadith also reported by Tirmidzi and Ibn Majah))

WARNING


““We are (much) in need of a little We are (much) in need of a little AdabAdab, from (that of) , from (that of)

going out (seeking) after much of going out (seeking) after much of ‘ilm ‘ilm (knowledge)” – (knowledge)” –

(Imam ‘Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak)(Imam ‘Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak)


"Indeed the "Indeed the scholars scholars are the inheritors of the Prophets, but if they fall are the inheritors of the Prophets, but if they fall

into covetousness and greed, who shall be taken as leaders? The into covetousness and greed, who shall be taken as leaders? The

merchants and businessmen merchants and businessmen are the trustees of Allah, so if they are are the trustees of Allah, so if they are

treacherous, who can be trusted? The treacherous, who can be trusted? The warriorswarriors are the guests of Allah are the guests of Allah

so if they become extreme (or take spoils without right), with whom can so if they become extreme (or take spoils without right), with whom can

we defeat the enemies? The righteous and we defeat the enemies? The righteous and ascetic ones ascetic ones are the kings of are the kings of

the earth but if they become insincere (i.e. have the earth but if they become insincere (i.e. have riya’riya’), who shall be ), who shall be

followed? The followed? The governors/rulersgovernors/rulers are the shepherds (protectors) of the are the shepherds (protectors) of the

people, but if the shepherd becomes a wolf, who shall protect the people, but if the shepherd becomes a wolf, who shall protect the

flock?" flock?"

- Imam 'Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak- Imam 'Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak


“ “((‘ilm‘ilm) Knowledge without ) Knowledge without AdabAdab, ,

is like (having) fire (but) without wood (fuel); is like (having) fire (but) without wood (fuel);

and and AdabAdab without knowledge ( without knowledge (‘ilm‘ilm) ,) ,

is like (having) the Soul (but) without body.”is like (having) the Soul (but) without body.”


Purify his soul (Purify his soul (nafsnafs) from impure ) from impure

traits and blameworthy traits and blameworthy

characteristics.characteristics.

15

Such as:-Such as:-

‘‘ujub ujub (self-conceit)(self-conceit)JuJuhhudud (ungrateful; obstinacy) (ungrateful; obstinacy)KibrKibr (arrogance) (arrogance)HasdHasd (jealousy) (jealousy)Riya’Riya’ (ostentatious)(ostentatious)Hub al-jah Hub al-jah (love for status)(love for status)Hub ad-dunya Hub ad-dunya (love of the world)(love of the world)Etc.Etc. .. amongst others .... .. amongst others ....

He is indeed successful who purify He is indeed successful who purify and causes it to grow, and causes it to grow, ((Qur’an: Shams: 91: 10Qur’an: Shams: 91: 10))


Remove impediments (affairs of the world) Remove impediments (affairs of the world)

to devote with undivided attention to the to devote with undivided attention to the

study.study.

16

““Allah has not made for any man two hearts in his (one) body “Allah has not made for any man two hearts in his (one) body “((Qur’an: Ahzab: 33: 4Qur’an: Ahzab: 33: 4))


Never scorn knowledge nor exalt Never scorn knowledge nor exalt

himself/herself over the teacher.himself/herself over the teacher.

17

““Whosever has humility (tawwadhu’), Whosever has humility (tawwadhu’), Allah will raise his rank (and status); Allah will raise his rank (and status);

and whosoever is arrogant (proud - takabbur) and whosoever is arrogant (proud - takabbur) Allah will humiliate him.”Allah will humiliate him.”

((Hadith of our Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.Hadith of our Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.))

Prophet Muhammad s.a.a.w. said:


Observe priority in learning and submit Observe priority in learning and submit

to the advise of the teacher in the to the advise of the teacher in the

matters of his learning. matters of his learning.

18

““... and be satisfied with your ignorance ... and be satisfied with your ignorance if you have wronged a teacher.”if you have wronged a teacher.”

A POEM FROM KITAB “TA’LIM MUTA’LLIM”A POEM FROM KITAB “TA’LIM MUTA’LLIM”


Must be patient and not be hasty in Must be patient and not be hasty in

learning as one may need to master learning as one may need to master

praiseworthy knowledge. praiseworthy knowledge.

19

““Calmness is from Allah, and (whereas) Calmness is from Allah, and (whereas) hastiness is from satan.”hastiness is from satan.”

((Hadith reported by Baihaqy from Anas r.aHadith reported by Baihaqy from Anas r.a.).)

Prophet Muhammad s.a.a.w. said:


Do not attempt to address every branch Do not attempt to address every branch

of knowledge but must observe order of knowledge but must observe order

and begin with the most important.and begin with the most important.

20

O ye who believe! put not yourselves forward before O ye who believe! put not yourselves forward before Allah and His Messenger: but fear Allah: Allah and His Messenger: but fear Allah:

for Allah is He who hears and knows all things.for Allah is He who hears and knows all things.((Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 1Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 1))


Learn to ascertain the noble nature of Learn to ascertain the noble nature of

this or other science.this or other science.

21

Such as to know value & priority:-Such as to know value & priority:-

Fardh ‘Ain Fardh ‘Ain (personal obligation)(personal obligation)Fardh Kifaya Fardh Kifaya (community obligation)(community obligation)MuqaddimatMuqaddimat (introductory) (introductory)MukhtasarMukhtasar (Summary) (Summary)MufasssalMufasssal (Detail)(Detail)MujmalMujmal (General)(General)KhususiyaKhususiya (Specialised) (Specialised)UsulUsul (Principles) (Principles)Furu’Furu’ (Branches or secondary)(Branches or secondary)Manfa’atManfa’at (beneficial)(beneficial)Ghoyr Manfa’at Ghoyr Manfa’at (not beneficial)(not beneficial)Etc.Etc. .. amongst others .... .. amongst others ....


Purpose of learning is for the adornment of inner self Purpose of learning is for the adornment of inner self

with virtues – seeking nearness to Allah (“with virtues – seeking nearness to Allah (“Taqarrub-il-Taqarrub-il-

lAllaahlAllaah”) and attainment of piety (“”) and attainment of piety (“TaqwaTaqwa”).”).

22

Verily the most honoured of you in the sight Verily the most honoured of you in the sight of Allah is (he who is) the most righteous of you.of Allah is (he who is) the most righteous of you.

((Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 13Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 13))



Avoid polemics.Avoid polemics.

(Difference between (Difference between Maslahat al-mursalahMaslahat al-mursalah and and Bid’ahBid’ah))

1.1. NiyyatNiyyat : Essentials (: Essentials (rukn rukn ’’) in every worship (servitude).) in every worship (servitude).

2.2. Intention is formulated in the heart and mind.Intention is formulated in the heart and mind.

3.3. In language that one understands.In language that one understands.

4.4. Conscious awareness accompanying the act.Conscious awareness accompanying the act.

5.5. Clarity of action and purpose.Clarity of action and purpose.

6.6. To eradicate ambiguity.To eradicate ambiguity.

7.7. Sincerity towards Allah s.w.t.Sincerity towards Allah s.w.t.


As an example of the intention (and Du’a): as formulated by As an example of the intention (and Du’a): as formulated by Imam Qutb al-Irshad al-Habib ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Alawi al-Haddad Imam Qutb al-Irshad al-Habib ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Alawi al-Haddad ((rahimahullahrahimahullah) – may we benefit from his Wisdom and secrets.) – may we benefit from his Wisdom and secrets.


As an example of the intention (and Du’a): as formulated by As an example of the intention (and Du’a): as formulated by Imam Qutb al-Irshad al-Habib ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Alawi al-Haddad Imam Qutb al-Irshad al-Habib ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Alawi al-Haddad ((rahimahullahrahimahullah) – may we benefit from his Wisdom and secrets.) – may we benefit from his Wisdom and secrets.

““I intend to learn and teach (knowledge), to gain and to share I intend to learn and teach (knowledge), to gain and to share

benefits, to receive and to give reminders, to seek (Allah’s) benefits, to receive and to give reminders, to seek (Allah’s)

bestowals and to bestow (upon others), to holdfast to the bestowals and to bestow (upon others), to holdfast to the

teachings of the Book of Allah (Qur’an) and As-Sunnah of His teachings of the Book of Allah (Qur’an) and As-Sunnah of His

Messenger s.a.a.w. , to invite towards the right guidance, to Messenger s.a.a.w. , to invite towards the right guidance, to

show to the path of goodness, beseeching and seeking to please show to the path of goodness, beseeching and seeking to please

Allah s.w.t., so as to gain nearness to Him and hoping for (His Allah s.w.t., so as to gain nearness to Him and hoping for (His

acceptance and) His reward. Amin”acceptance and) His reward. Amin”


Refer also to the traditional text : Refer also to the traditional text :

“Ta’lim Muta’allim Tariqit Ta’allum”

““INSTRUCTION OF THE STUDENT : THE METHOD OF INSTRUCTION OF THE STUDENT : THE METHOD OF LEARNING”LEARNING”

by Sheikh Imam Tajuddin Nu’man al-Zarnuji.by Sheikh Imam Tajuddin Nu’man al-Zarnuji.

27All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013))

EPISTEMOLOGY


Knowledge is a collection of Knowledge is a collection of factsfacts, , informationinformation, ,

and/or and/or skillsskills acquired through experience or acquired through experience or educationeducation or or

(more generally) the theoretical or practical understanding of (more generally) the theoretical or practical understanding of

a subject. a subject.

It can be implicit (as with practical skill or expertise) or It can be implicit (as with practical skill or expertise) or

explicit (as with the theoretical understanding of a subject); explicit (as with the theoretical understanding of a subject);

and it can be more or less formal or systematic.and it can be more or less formal or systematic.

OXFORD DICTIONARIES’ DEFINITION:

EPISTEMOLOGY


factsfacts, , informationinformation

SkillsSkills

KnowledgeKnowledge

educationeducation

MA’-LUMAT(information; facts)

SINA’-AH (skills, industrious);

FANNIYAH (artistry);

’ILM – (science and knowledge)

TA-ADDIB; - which includesTA’-LIM; TAR-BIYYAH; TAZKIYYAH, etc.

EQUIVALENT TERMS USED IN ISLAM

EPISTEMOLOGY


Amongst the definitions:Amongst the definitions:

““....... Knowledge is the arrival (....... Knowledge is the arrival (huhussulul- )- )** of the meaning of the meaning

((ma’nama’na- ) of a thing or object of knowledge in the soul - ) of a thing or object of knowledge in the soul

of the subject; and simultaneously,..... Knowledge is the soul’s of the subject; and simultaneously,..... Knowledge is the soul’s

arrival (arrival (wuwussulul- ) at the meaning of that thing or the - ) at the meaning of that thing or the

object of knowledge.”object of knowledge.”

By “meaning” (By “meaning” (ma’nama’na- ) is: “- ) is: “the recognition of the proper the recognition of the proper

place of anything in a systemplace of anything in a system ...” ...”

** “ “attainment; acquirement” is a better translationattainment; acquirement” is a better translation ..

EPISTEMOLOGY

Prof. Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas


EPISTEMOLOGY


Whatever is outside of the Whatever is outside of the

person – to be regarded as person – to be regarded as

information (information ( ) – not ) – not

knowledge ( ).knowledge ( ).

Knowledge resides in the Knowledge resides in the

person – and is also an person – and is also an

attribute (attribute (sifatsifat- ) of the - ) of the

person him/herself.person him/herself.

** By person we mean the By person we mean the

““spiritual soulspiritual soul” - ” - RUHRUH..

* Unlike those with secular worldview that regard knowledge to reside in the person’s ‘physical’ (brain).


Information may not necessarily Information may not necessarily

convey any meanings, but can be convey any meanings, but can be

subjected to process or subjected to process or

interpretation – by a human – interpretation – by a human –

striving to seek and arriving at striving to seek and arriving at

understanding of “understanding of “meaningsmeanings” ”

from it.from it.

Knowledge has to do with Knowledge has to do with

““meaningsmeanings” – which may ” – which may

include abstract concepts and include abstract concepts and

construct, beyond the construct, beyond the

material forms.material forms.


Every one may have equal access Every one may have equal access

to a given information.to a given information.

Yet, there can be difference Yet, there can be difference

in levels and depths of in levels and depths of

knowledge to a given knowledge to a given

information, depending information, depending

upon who contemplates upon who contemplates

upon it.upon it.


Just as raw data input are meant Just as raw data input are meant

to be processed by the computer , to be processed by the computer ,

our readings, observations, news, our readings, observations, news,

data and information etc. are data and information etc. are

objects to be understood and objects to be understood and

possible meanings from it to be possible meanings from it to be

comprehended by us human.comprehended by us human.

It is when cognition of man It is when cognition of man

are applied to process are applied to process

these information, that he these information, that he

may be said to arrive at may be said to arrive at

‘‘knowledgeknowledge’ (i.e. when it ’ (i.e. when it

becomes meaningful).becomes meaningful).


THUS the Qur’an categorize THUS the Qur’an categorize

these (information) as: “these (information) as: “SignsSigns” – ” –

aayataayat ( ( ))

Al-Qur’an – Al-Qur’an – aayat Qawliyyahaayat Qawliyyah

Universe – Universe – aayat Kauniyahaayat Kauniyah

THUS the Qur’anic approach THUS the Qur’anic approach

for man’s education enjoins for man’s education enjoins

him to “him to “ReadRead” ( ” ( ) )

these signs to arrive at the these signs to arrive at the

““meaningsmeanings” – regarding the ” – regarding the

REALITYREALITY..


NoteNote: :

Arabic word “Arabic word “universeuniverse” and “” and “a scholar; one who a scholar; one who

is knowledgeableis knowledgeable” is spelt: ” is spelt:

( )( )





“ If it [Tasawwuf] consisted of practices, it could be acquired by

effort(mujahadah), and if it consisted of sciences, it could be gained by

instruction (ta'allum ) but it is akhlaq and it is not acquired until you

demand from yourself the requirements (hukm) of akhlaq, conform

your actions to them, and do justice to them.

Imam ‘Ali Hujwiri [May Allah be pleased with him]


The distinction between practices (rusum) and akhlaq is this, that

practices are contrived (bi-takalluf) actions proceeding from particular

motives (asbab), such that their "outer form" (zahir) is at variance with

their "inner truth" (batin); they are actions devoid of essence (ma'na).

Akhlaq, on the other hand, are non-contrived praiseworthy actions

not proceeding from particular motives. Their outer form is in harmony

with their inner truth; they are actions devoid of pretension.”

Imam ‘Ali Hujwiri [May Allah be pleased with him]


““The knowledge is what benefits, The knowledge is what benefits,

not what is memorized”not what is memorized”

((Imam Muhammad Idris ash-Shafi’e rhm. aImam Muhammad Idris ash-Shafi’e rhm. a.).)


““O YOU who have attained to faith! Why do you say O YOU who have attained to faith! Why do you say

one thing and do another? one thing and do another?

Most loathsome is it in the sight of Allah that you Most loathsome is it in the sight of Allah that you

say what you do not do!” say what you do not do!”

((Qur’an: Saff: 61: 2-3Qur’an: Saff: 61: 2-3))


““Do you bid other people to be pious, the while you Do you bid other people to be pious, the while you

forget your own selves - and yet you recite the divine forget your own selves - and yet you recite the divine

writ? writ?

Will you not, then, use your reason?” Will you not, then, use your reason?”

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 44Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 44))



““THE PARABLE of those who were graced with the THE PARABLE of those who were graced with the

burden of the Torah, and thereafter failed to bear burden of the Torah, and thereafter failed to bear

this burden, is that of an ass that carries a load of this burden, is that of an ass that carries a load of

books [but cannot benefit from them]. Calamitous books [but cannot benefit from them]. Calamitous

is the parable of people who are bent on giving is the parable of people who are bent on giving

the lie to Allah's messages - for Allah does not the lie to Allah's messages - for Allah does not

bestow His guidance upon such evildoing folk!” bestow His guidance upon such evildoing folk!”

((Qur’an: Jumu’ah: 62: 5Qur’an: Jumu’ah: 62: 5))


““Now there is a kind of man whose views on the life of this Now there is a kind of man whose views on the life of this

world may please thee greatly, and [the more so as] he cites world may please thee greatly, and [the more so as] he cites

Allah as witness to what is in his heart and is, moreover, Allah as witness to what is in his heart and is, moreover,

exceedingly skilful in argument.” exceedingly skilful in argument.”


“NIFAAQ” - SICKNESS OF THE HEART (SOUL)


““But whenever he prevails, he goes about the earth spreading But whenever he prevails, he goes about the earth spreading

corruption and destroying [man's] tilth and progeny: and Allah corruption and destroying [man's] tilth and progeny: and Allah

does not love corruption.” does not love corruption.”




REFLECTION:Today, leaders are chosen by people based on their ability to impress and

dazzle others with their speeches.

Even those with better character, outstanding moral qualities, proven

ability to serve, etc. may simply be ‘passed-over’ by such people who can

mesmerised others. They may even claim to religiosity and piety;

exceedingly skilful in imitating the learned with information they may

read in books and internet; and with their social skills they often

manoeuvre and position themselves amongst religious groups seeking to

gain ‘credentials’ through such associations.



REFLECTION:It is frightening that Islamic values and principle in ascertaining the

rightful leadership of the Muslims have been replaced with the secular

culture of “corporate governance”, where economic consideration and

pragmatism is unashamedly embraced over ethical-religious

consideration.

“TAQWA” or any references towards adhering to Islamic principles are

regarded as orthodox, antiquated and irrelevant to their “progressive”,

“open-minded”, “liberal” and “moderate” religiosity (as though coining a

new type of ‘Islam’, whatever that means!).



“And whenever he is told, "Be conscious of Allah (TAQWA)," his

false pride drives him into sin: wherefore hell will be his allotted

portion-and how vile a resting-place! ”

(Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 206)



ATTITUDE OF THE ‘MUNAFIQUN’


““Hast thou not observed those who assert that they believe in Hast thou not observed those who assert that they believe in

that which hath been sent down unto thee and that which hath that which hath been sent down unto thee and that which hath

been sent down before thee desiring to go to been sent down before thee desiring to go to TAGHUT TAGHUT (the devil) (the devil)

for judgement, whereas they have been commanded to for judgement, whereas they have been commanded to

disbelieve in him; and disbelieve in him; and SatanSatan desires to lead them far astray.” desires to lead them far astray.”

((Qur’an: Nisa’: 4: 60Qur’an: Nisa’: 4: 60))



““As for those who take the deniers of the truth for their allies in As for those who take the deniers of the truth for their allies in

preference to the believers - do they hope to be honoured by them preference to the believers - do they hope to be honoured by them

when, behold, all honour belongs to Allah [alone]?” when, behold, all honour belongs to Allah [alone]?”

((Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 139Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 139))



REFLECTION:From being a Muslim, actually one has to strive towards being true

believer – Mu’-meen. Without which, hypocrisy (NIFAQ) may afflict such

Muslim - especially when they lack sincerity towards Allah and the

Prophet s.a.a.w.

Such people would inwardly rejects Islam and its teachings, preferring

other “-isms”, ways or rules, even when these are contrary to the Islamic

principles. Their ignorance of Islam would be obvious yet, they may styled

themselves as being well-read, intellectual and ‘knowledgeable ’ on the

subject of Islam.



““When it is said to them: "Come to what Allah hath revealed and When it is said to them: "Come to what Allah hath revealed and

to the Messenger": thou sees the to the Messenger": thou sees the HypocritesHypocrites ( (MunafiqunMunafiqun) , avert ) , avert

their faces from thee in disgust.”their faces from thee in disgust.”

((Qur’an: Nisa’: 4: 61Qur’an: Nisa’: 4: 61))





““Of the people there are some who say: "We believe in Allah and

the Last Day" but they do not (really) believe. Fain would they

deceive Allah and those who believe, but they only deceive

themselves, and realize (it) not! In their hearts is a disease; and

Allah has increased their disease and grievous is the penalty they

(incur), because they are false (to themselves).””

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 8-10Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 8-10))



““When it is said to them: "Make not mischief on the earth", they When it is said to them: "Make not mischief on the earth", they

say: "Why, we only want to make peace!" say: "Why, we only want to make peace!"




““When it is said to them: "Believe as the others believe" they say: When it is said to them: "Believe as the others believe" they say:

"Shall we believe as the fools believe?" Nay, of a surety they are "Shall we believe as the fools believe?" Nay, of a surety they are

the fools, but they do not know.“ the fools, but they do not know.“




“When they meet those who believe, they say: "We believe" but when

they are alone with their evil ones (SHAYAATIN – their leaders) they

say: "We are really with you, we (were) only jesting.“




REFLECTION:These Muslims, referred to as hypocrites, would outwardly insist their

loyalty and affiliation is with the Muslims, yet they are merely mocking

Islam.

They may have a hidden agenda for this, because their true loyalty is in fact

with their ‘leaders’ whom Allah describes as their ‘Satans’ (SHAYAATIN).



““Allah will throw back their mockery on them and give them rope Allah will throw back their mockery on them and give them rope

in their trespasses (in their trespasses (TUGHYANTUGHYAN) ; so they will wander like blind ones ) ; so they will wander like blind ones

(to and fro)”(to and fro)”




““These are they who have bartered guidance for error: but their These are they who have bartered guidance for error: but their

traffic is profitless, and they have lost true direction.” traffic is profitless, and they have lost true direction.”




REFLECTION:Although it may seem that they are successful in their scheme, having their

ways infiltrating into the Muslim community and institutions, this is only

because Allah has gave them temporary leeway, to test all of us mankind.

Yet, the reality is that they (MUNAFIQUN) have no true direction in life,

they are astray, groping like the blind.



“Of those who reject faith the patrons are the TAGHUT – (Evil Ones):

from light they will lead them forth into the depths of darkness. They

will be companions of the fire, to dwell therein (for ever).”




REFLECTION:Allah tells us that these hypocrites (MUNAFIQUN) and the Unbelievers

(KAFIRUN) are in fact being led by TAGHUT, who is their WALIY (patron,

protector, friend, helper, etc.).

When judged in the light of Islam, their life is moving along a slippery

downward path into further unbelief.

One of the most glaring sign of the MUNAFIQUN is their ‘intimate’ alliance,

and almost sycophantic dependence upon the help and patronage of those

whom Allah had warned us to be vigilant against.



““O you who believe! O you who believe! Take not Take not for friends and protectors for friends and protectors those those

who take your religion for a mockery or sportwho take your religion for a mockery or sport,― whether among ,― whether among

those who received the Scripture before you, or among those those who received the Scripture before you, or among those

who reject Faith; but (be conscious and) fear you Allah, if you who reject Faith; but (be conscious and) fear you Allah, if you

have Faith (indeed).” have Faith (indeed).”

((Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5: 57Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5: 57))



“Never will the Jews or the Christians be satisfied with you unless

you follow their form of religion.

Say: "The Guidance of Allah that is the (only) Guidance." Were you

to follow their desires, after the knowledge which has reached you,

then would you find neither protector nor Helper against Allah.”




““O ye who believe! take not the Jews and the Christians for your O ye who believe! take not the Jews and the Christians for your

AULIYA’AULIYA’ (friends, helpers, protectors, etc.): they are but friends (friends, helpers, protectors, etc.): they are but friends

and protectors to each other. And and protectors to each other. And he amongst youhe amongst you that turns to that turns to

them (for friendship, patronage) them (for friendship, patronage) is of themis of them. Verily Allah guides . Verily Allah guides

not a people unjust.” not a people unjust.”

((Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5: 51Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5: 51)



““And, indeed, He has enjoined upon you in this divine writ And, indeed, He has enjoined upon you in this divine writ

that whenever you hear people deny the truth of Allah's that whenever you hear people deny the truth of Allah's

messages and mock at them, you shall avoid their company messages and mock at them, you shall avoid their company

until they begin to talk of other things - or else, verily, you until they begin to talk of other things - or else, verily, you

will become like them. Behold, together with those who will become like them. Behold, together with those who

deny the truth Allah will gather in hell the hypocrites,” deny the truth Allah will gather in hell the hypocrites,”

((Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 140Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 140))



79

“ “O ye who believe! Take not into your intimacy (O ye who believe! Take not into your intimacy (bitaanahbitaanah**) )

those outside your ranks; they will not fail to corrupt you. those outside your ranks; they will not fail to corrupt you.

They only desire your ruin: rank hatred has already appeared They only desire your ruin: rank hatred has already appeared

from their mouths; what their hearts conceal is far worse. We from their mouths; what their hearts conceal is far worse. We

have made plain to you the Signs, if ye have wisdom. have made plain to you the Signs, if ye have wisdom.

((Qur’an : Aali’Imran: 3:118Qur’an : Aali’Imran: 3:118))

*bitaanah : advisors, consultants, protectors, intimate friends, helpers ...


80

““O ye who believe! (Be conscious of Allah and) Fear Allah O ye who believe! (Be conscious of Allah and) Fear Allah

((TAQWATAQWA) and be with those who are true (in word and ) and be with those who are true (in word and

deed).” deed).”

((Qur’an: Taubah:9: 119Qur’an: Taubah:9: 119))


81

““He is not from my Ummah (community),He is not from my Ummah (community),

One who do not respect our elders, orOne who do not respect our elders, or

One who is not merciful (kind) to our young, and One who is not merciful (kind) to our young, and

One who do not know our One who do not know our ‘Ulama’ - ‘Ulama’ - Islamic scholars Islamic scholars

(and respect their rights ) .”(and respect their rights ) .”

((Hadith of our Prophet s.a.w. Reported by TabranyHadith of our Prophet s.a.w. Reported by Tabrany))

82

“A person is upon the religion (way of life)

of the ones (friends) he is close to,

therefore look to whom you (love to be) close to.”

(Hadith reported by Tirmidzi)


83

””Verily this is knowledge (contains the rules) of the Verily this is knowledge (contains the rules) of the DEENDEEN

(Religion), so look thoroughly into (Religion), so look thoroughly into

the person from whom you acquire the person from whom you acquire

(the knowledge of) your (the knowledge of) your DEENDEEN (Religion).” (Religion).”

Imam Muhammad ibnu Sirrin (rhm.a) advices and warns us Muslims:Imam Muhammad ibnu Sirrin (rhm.a) advices and warns us Muslims:


84

“ “Whosoever has an increase in knowledge without any increase Whosoever has an increase in knowledge without any increase

in his detachment (in his detachment (ZUHDZUHD) for the world, would not have any ) for the world, would not have any

increase with Allah except in his distancing himself further”increase with Allah except in his distancing himself further”

((Hadith reported by Dailami from ‘Ali ibn Abi Tolib r.aHadith reported by Dailami from ‘Ali ibn Abi Tolib r.a.).)


85

““He is not an ascetic (He is not an ascetic (ZAHIDZAHID) he who is detached (denounce) the ) he who is detached (denounce) the

dirham and dinar (i.e. money), but verily a true ascetic (dirham and dinar (i.e. money), but verily a true ascetic (ZAHIDZAHID) )

is one who detaches himself from all other is one who detaches himself from all other

except the Irresistable (except the Irresistable (Allah jallaajalaa-luhAllah jallaajalaa-luh)”)”

((Explanation of “Explanation of “ZUHDZUHD” by Ibn ‘Arabiy” by Ibn ‘Arabiy))


86

“ “He who does not exert cautious abstinence (He who does not exert cautious abstinence (WARA’)WARA’) while learning, while learning,

God (Allah) the Almighty chastise [him] in one of three ways: God (Allah) the Almighty chastise [him] in one of three ways:

[1] either deprives him of life in his youth, or [1] either deprives him of life in his youth, or

[2] exiles him into [far-off] regions, or [2] exiles him into [far-off] regions, or

[3] punishes him [by forcing him to enter] the service of the Sultan.”[3] punishes him [by forcing him to enter] the service of the Sultan.”

A SCHOLARS’ ADVICE FROM KITAB “A SCHOLARS’ ADVICE FROM KITAB “TA’LIM MUTA’LLIMTA’LIM MUTA’LLIM””


““O Allah! Make us see the Truth to be true and O Allah! Make us see the Truth to be true and

grant us the ability to follow it.grant us the ability to follow it.

And make us see Falsehood to be false and And make us see Falsehood to be false and

grant us the ability to reject it.”grant us the ability to reject it.”



"Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have "Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have

forgotten or erred. Our Lord, and lay not upon us a forgotten or erred. Our Lord, and lay not upon us a

burden like that which You laid upon those before us. burden like that which You laid upon those before us.

Our Lord, and burden us not with that which we have Our Lord, and burden us not with that which we have

no ability to bear. And pardon us; and forgive us; and no ability to bear. And pardon us; and forgive us; and

have mercy upon us. You are our protector, so give us have mercy upon us. You are our protector, so give us

victory over the disbelieving people."victory over the disbelieving people."




"Verily Allah does not remove Verily Allah does not remove knowledge from the (hearts of knowledge from the (hearts of

the) peoplethe) people, rather he takes away knowledge by taking away , rather he takes away knowledge by taking away

its people (the true scholars – its people (the true scholars – ‘ULAMA‘ULAMA), until there are no more ), until there are no more

scholars, the people then take leaders that are ignorant, and scholars, the people then take leaders that are ignorant, and

when they are asked, and give when they are asked, and give fatwas fatwas – religious rulings, (they – religious rulings, (they

give) without knowledge, so they misguide and are misguided.“give) without knowledge, so they misguide and are misguided.“

((Hadith reported by Ashaab as-Sunnan from Ibnu ‘Umar r.aHadith reported by Ashaab as-Sunnan from Ibnu ‘Umar r.a.).)


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[Slideshare] akhlaq-course (february 2013-batch) - # 3b -(9-march-2013)