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IDENTIFICATION POINTS OF GENERAL HISTOLOGY SLIDES:-----

1. SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM Flattened cells Surface view rounded central nucleus Cross section elongated nucleus 2. SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM Cuboidal cells (height almost the same

as width) Central rounded nuclei Surface view polygonal 3. SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM Single layer of elongated cells Height of cell > width of cell Elongated basal nuclei 4. SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

WITH GOBLET CELLS Elongated column shaped cells (height

> width) Elongated basal nuclei Goblet cells have central and oval

nuclei5. STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL

EPITHELIUM Multilayered Basal cells high cuboidal or low

columnar Surface layer cuboidal6. STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS NON

KERATINIZED EPITHELIUM Surface squamous flattened cells No keratin Middle layer polygonal cells Basal layer high cuboidal/low

columnar cells 7. PSEUDO STRATIFIED COLUMNAR

EPITHELIUM Single layer of cells Some cells are columnar; others are

cuboidal Nuclei lying at different levels; give

the false appearance of ‘stratified’ epithelium

8. TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM Basal layer of cuboidal cells Next, four layers of polygonal cells Next, two layers of pear shaped cells Upper most layer of umbrella shaped

cells 9. THIN SKIN Stratified squamous keratinized

epithelium

Dense irregular CT beneath Hair follicles and roots present Sebaceous glands Sweat glands

10.THICK SKIN Stratified squamous keratinized

epithelium No hair roots and follicles Pacinian corpuscles

11.DENSE REGULAR C.T Parallel collagen fibres in the form of

bundles Compressed elongated fibroblasts

between the collagen fibres12.MUCOUS ACINI Pyramidal cells Apical portion lightly stained Basal portion darkly stained Flattened nuclei towards the base 13.FIBRO CARTILAGE No perichondrium Chondrocytes within lacunae,

arranged in rows Collagen fibres arranged parallel14.ELASTIC CARTILAGE Perichondrium is present Elastic fibres in matrix Basophilic ground substance around

lacunae Chondrocytes in lacunae in the form of

isogenous groups 15.HYALINE CARTILAGE Dense Irregular CT (perichondrium) Chondrocytes within lacunae Chondrocytes in the form of isogenous

groups Naked eye examination Bluish white

translucent appearance 16.ARTICULAR CARTILAGE Superficial tangential layer Intermediate transitional layer Radial zone Calcified zone 17.COMPACT BONE Haversion Canal Lamellae Osteocytes in lacunae Volkmann’s canal 18.SPONGY BONE Trabeculae Red marrow

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Spikes Periosteum outer fibrous, inner cellular19.CARDIAC MUSCLE Branched Striated Intercalated discs20.SMOOTH MUSCLE Non striated appearance Single central nucleus Spindle shaped cells 21.SKELETAL MUSCLES Characteristic striated appearance Peripheral nuclei Nucleus ovoid in shape 22.PERIPHERAL NERVE Myelinated and non myelinated axons Epineurium (CT that surrounds the

nerve) Perineurium (CT that surrounds the

fasciculus of nerve) Endoneurium (CT that surrounds the

individual nerve fibres)23.CEREBRUM Pyramidal and non pyramidal cells Arranged in the form of layers

(mention the names) – properly visible only by ‘Nissl staining method’

24.CEREBELLUM From outwards to inwards Molecular layer with fan shaped

dendrites, stellate cells and basket cells (but cell population is very low)

Flask shaped Perkinge cells Granular layer (deeply basophilic

appearance of closely packed nuclei)25.SPINAL CORD Central canal Butterfly shaped grey matter Dorsal median sulcus and ventral

median fissure (depending on the portion under examination)

26.ELASTIC ARTERY No distinct outer and inner elastic

membranes Tunica adventitia merges with CT,

contains vasa vasorum Tunica media elastic fibres are present

in a large amount Tunica intima Simple squamous

endothelium, subendothelial CT27.MUSCULAR ARTERY Tunica intima darkly stained Tunica media smooth muscle fibres

arranged in circular patterns

Tunica adventitia collagen (lightly stained); elastic (darkly stained)

28.MUSCULAR VEIN Thin walled with larger irregular lumen Tunica intima, media and adventitia

are present Thick tunica media is thin smooth

muscle layer Adventitia is thicker than tunica media

29.LYMPH NODE Primary follicles/nodules without

germinal centre Secondary follicles/nodules with

germinal centre Irregular anastomosing ‘medullary

cords’ Subcapsular sinuses30.THYMUS Medulla is lightly stained Hassall’s corpuscles in medulla Epithelioreticular cells; stellate shaped31.SPLEEN Red pulp splenic cord and venous

sinuses White pulp contains lymphatic nodules

and germinal centre Splenic sinuses No differentiation into cortex and

medulla32.TONSIL Stratified squamous non keratinized

epithelium Crypt Trabeculae Lymphatic nodules33.TRACHEA Pseudostratified ciliated columnar

epithelium C-shaped hyaline cartilage Trachealis muscle Tracheal glands

34.LUNG Alveoli Type I alveolar cells (simple

squamous epithelium); Type II alveolar cells (cuboidal cells)

Respiratory bronchioles lined by simple cuboidal epithelium

35.ADIPOSE TISSUE (WHITE) Unilocular Nuclei towards periphery

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Spherical 36.Tongue Conical shaped Lingual papil la Muscularis-fasciculi of skelet Muscles l ingual glands Linguz tonsil37.Esophagus Stratified squamous non-keratinizeci

epithelium Thickest muscularis mucosa Longitudinal mucosal fold Submucosal glands Mixed skeletal and smooth

muscles38.Stomach- fundus & body Typical shallow gastric pits (lined by

simple columnar epithelium) Long tubular glands in mucosa Layers of muscularis externa No submucosal glands39.Stomach- pylorus Longer gastric pits Branched tubular glands in mucosa40.Small Intestine – duodenum Leaf-shaped villi with microvilli Brunner (submucous) glands Less number of goblet cells41.Small Intestine – Jejunum Club-shaped or rounded villi with

microvilli Tallest valvulae More goblet cells No Brunner glands42.Small Intestine – Ileum Club-shaped or rounded villi with

microvilli Peyers patches Maximum goblet cells Club shaped villi43. Colon No villi Taenia coli M u c h m o r e g o b l e t

c e l l s44. Appendix Constant mucosal folds

Ring of lymph nodules No taenia col i Fewer crypts Indistinct muscularis mucosa45.Pancreas Pancreatic serous acini with

obliterated lumen Islets of Langerhan's46.Liver Hepatic lobule with Central vein Radiating plats of hepatocytes Hepatic sinusoids47.Gall bladd Mucosal folds No muscularis mucosa Fibromuscular layer Penmuscular layer Absence of goblet cells and crypts

of Liberkuhn48. parotid gland Serous acini Interlobular ducts No serous demilunes Str iated ducts49.Sublingual gland No capsule Mucous acini with few serous one Few serous demilunes No intercalated ducts50.Submandlbular gland Mixed alveoli Many serous demilunes Shorter and narrower

intercalateducts Numerous intralobular ducts51.Kidney Cortex contains glomeruli.

convoluted tubules and medullary rays

Medulla contains renal pyramid, loop of Henle and collecting tubule

52. Ureter Star shaped small lumen Transitional Epithelium No muscularis mucosa

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Inner longitudinal and outer circular smooth muscles

53.Urinary bladder Transitional epithelium Thick lamina propria Slide consists of a part of bladder

wall. so lumen is not evident Very thick (3 layered muscularis) No glands. no submucosa

54.T e s t i s Tunica albuginea & tunica vasculosa Seminiferous tubules with

spermatozoa Groups of Leydig cells55.DUCtUS epltlltlymis Regular lumen Pseudostratified epithelium with

stereocilia No fibrOmUSCular stroma

No fibrosa56.Ductus deferent Irregular convoluted single lumen Low columnar pseudostratified

epithelium with stereocilia Very thick 3 layered muscularis

57. seminal vesicle Highly convoluted lumen with crypts

and cavities Pseudostratifted epithelium

Thin muscularis58. Prostate Fibromuscular true capsuleProstatic acini (lined with simple

columnar epithelium) with corporaamylacea

Fibromuscular stromaProstatic urethra59. O v a r y MesovariumOvarian folliclesCortex and medulla60. Fallopian tube Fimbria Mucosal folds lined by simple

columnar ciliated epithelium Layered muscularis in isthmus

61. U t e r u s

Simple columnar epithelium (partially ciliated) Very broad lamina propria

Uterine glands in lamina propria No submucosa Very thick muscularis Only one stage of menstrual cycle

is evident