Slide 1 of 33 chemistry. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 2 of 33 Naming Ions A rose is rosa in Spanish, warda in Arabic, and julab in Hindi. To

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chemistry

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

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Naming Ions

A rose is rosa in Spanish, warda in Arabic, and julab in Hindi. To truly understand another culture, you must first learn the language used in that culture. Similarly, to understand chemistry, you must learn its language. For this you need to know how to name ions.

9.1


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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions

Monatomic Ions

How are the charges of Group A metal and nonmetal ions related to their positions in the periodic table?

9.1

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Monatomic ions consist of a single atom with a positive or negative charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more valence electrons, respectively.

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Cations

When the metals in Groups 1A, 2A, and 3A lose electrons, they form cations with positive charges equal to their group number.

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The names of the cations of the Group 1A, Group 2A, and Group 3A metals are the same as the name of the metal, followed by the word ion or cation.

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These elements have ionic charges that can be obtained from their group numbers.

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Anions

The charge of any ion of a Group A nonmetal is determined by subtracting 8 from the group number.

Anion names start with the stem of the element name and end in -ide.

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These Group A elements form anions.

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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions9.1

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Ions of Transition Metals

How are the charges of some transition metal ions determined?

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The charges of the cations of many transition metal ions must be determined from the number of electrons lost.

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These colorful solutions contain the transition metal ions Co3+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Ni2+, and Mn2+.

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Many transition metal compounds are colored and can be used as pigments.

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Two methods are used to name the ions of transition metals.

• The Stock system

• The classical method

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In the Stock system, a Roman numeral in parentheses is placed after the name of the element to indicate the numerical value of the charge.

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In an older less, useful method, the classical name of the element is used to form the root name for the element.

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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions9.1


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Conceptual Problem 9.1

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1.1


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Practice Problems

Practice Problems For Conceptual Problem 9.1

Problem-Solving 9.1 Solve Problem 1 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

for Conceptual Problem 9.1


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Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions

Polyatomic Ions

What are the two endings of the names of most polyatomic ions?

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These models show the structures of four common polyatomic ions.

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Some ions, called polyatomic ions, are composed of more than one atom.

The names of most polyatomic anions end in -ite or -ate.

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Names and Formulas of Some Common Polyatomic Ions

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Sodium hydrogen carbonate can relieve an upset stomach.

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HCO3–, HPO4

2–, and H2PO4– ions in your

blood are critical for your health.

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Fertilizers contain HPO42– and H2PO4– ions.

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Section Quiz

-or-Continue to: Launch:

Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section 9.1.

9.1 Section Quiz.


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9.1 Section Quiz.

1. When metals from groups 1A, 2A, and 3A form cations, the charge on the ion is equal to

a. 8 minus the group number.

b. the group number minus 8.

c. the period number.

d. the group number.


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2. Which of the following are positively charged polyatomic ions?

a. (I) ammonium ion

b. (II) perchlorate ion

c. (III) ferric ion

a. I only

b. II only

c. III only

d. I and III

9.1 Section Quiz


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3. If the name of an ion ends in -ite or -ate, the ion is a

a. polyatomic cation.

b. polyatomic anion.

c. transition metal cation.

d. monatomic anion.

9.1 Section Quiz

END OF SHOW

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Slide 1 of 33 chemistry. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 2 of 33 Naming Ions A rose is rosa in Spanish, warda in Arabic, and julab in Hindi. To