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Sleep Disorders. Basics of Sleep Stages REM and NREM Sleep. Sleep Disorders. Two Major Categories Dyssomnias Problems with Amount, Quality, or Timing of Sleep Parasomnias Abnormal Behavior During Sleep. Insomnia. Persistent inability to fall or stay asleep Trouble Initiating Sleep - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Sleep DisordersSleep Disorders Basics of SleepBasics of Sleep
StagesStagesREM and NREM SleepREM and NREM Sleep
Sleep DisordersSleep Disorders
Two Major CategoriesTwo Major CategoriesDyssomniasDyssomnias
Problems with Amount, Quality, or Timing of SleepProblems with Amount, Quality, or Timing of Sleep
ParasomniasParasomnias Abnormal Behavior During SleepAbnormal Behavior During Sleep
InsomniaInsomnia
Persistent inability to fall or stay asleepPersistent inability to fall or stay asleep Trouble Initiating SleepTrouble Initiating Sleep Trouble Maintaining SleepTrouble Maintaining Sleep Have Nonrestorative SleepHave Nonrestorative Sleep Most Common Sleep DisorderMost Common Sleep Disorder Primary vs. SecondaryPrimary vs. Secondary
InsomniaInsomnia
Causes?Causes?Medical ProblemsMedical ProblemsStress and Trying to SleepStress and Trying to SleepUnrealistic Views About SleepUnrealistic Views About SleepDrug Use and Poor Sleep HygieneDrug Use and Poor Sleep HygieneUse of Sleep MedicationsUse of Sleep MedicationsCircadian Rhythm DisruptionCircadian Rhythm Disruption
HypersomniaHypersomnia
Sleeping Too MuchSleeping Too Much Excessive SleepinessExcessive Sleepiness Appear to Have Enough SleepAppear to Have Enough Sleep Person Experiences It as a ProblemPerson Experiences It as a Problem Little Is Known about CausesLittle Is Known about Causes Appears to Run in FamiliesAppears to Run in Families Connection to DepressionConnection to Depression
NarcolepsyNarcolepsy
““Sleep Attack”Sleep Attack” Excessive Sleepiness & CataplexyExcessive Sleepiness & Cataplexy Go Right into REMGo Right into REM Triggered by Strong EmotionTriggered by Strong Emotion
Sleep ApneaSleep Apnea
Repeatedly Stop Breathing While AsleepRepeatedly Stop Breathing While Asleep Evidenced by Snoring and Night SweatsEvidenced by Snoring and Night Sweats Person Often Unaware of ProblemPerson Often Unaware of Problem Types of Sleep ApneaTypes of Sleep Apnea
ObstructiveObstructiveCentralCentralMixedMixed
Medical Interventions Medical Interventions for Dyssomniasfor Dyssomnias InsomniaInsomnia
Benzodiazepines and over-the-counter sleep medicationsBenzodiazepines and over-the-counter sleep medications Prolonged use can cause rebound insomnia, dependenceProlonged use can cause rebound insomnia, dependence Best as short-term solution Best as short-term solution
Hypersomnia and NarcolepsyHypersomnia and Narcolepsy Stimulants (i.e., Ritalin) Stimulants (i.e., Ritalin) Cataplexy is usually treated with antidepressantsCataplexy is usually treated with antidepressants
Breathing-Related Sleep DisordersBreathing-Related Sleep Disorders May include medications, weight loss, or mechanical May include medications, weight loss, or mechanical
devices devices
Psychological Interventions Psychological Interventions for Dyssomniasfor Dyssomnias Cognitive-Behavioral TreatmentsCognitive-Behavioral Treatments
Modifying Timing of SleepModifying Timing of Sleep Phase Advances and DelaysPhase Advances and Delays
Improving Sleep HygieneImproving Sleep Hygiene Bedroom for sleepBedroom for sleep Regular bedtime routineRegular bedtime routine
Address Beliefs About SleepAddress Beliefs About SleepStress and Relaxation TrainingStress and Relaxation Training
ParasomniasParasomnias
Problem not with sleep, but events during Problem not with sleep, but events during sleepsleep
During REMDuring REM Nightmare DisorderNightmare Disorder
During NREMDuring NREM Sleep Terror DisorderSleep Terror Disorder SomnabulismSomnabulism
Nocturnal eating syndromeNocturnal eating syndrome
Other Sleep Related ProblemsOther Sleep Related Problems
Hypnagogic HallucinationsHypnagogic Hallucinations Sleep Paralysis Sleep Paralysis Periodic Limb Movement DisorderPeriodic Limb Movement Disorder Restless Leg SyndromeRestless Leg Syndrome