Definitions Rest: is a condition in which the body is in a
decreased state of activity without emotional stress and freedom
from anxiety. Sleep: is a state of rest accompanied of altered
level of consciousness and relative inactivity, and perception to
environment are decreased.
Adequate rest and sleep are important in:Promoting general
health.Ensuring recovery from illness.Aid healing process.Increase
ability to learn and concentration and recalling know lodge.Help
person to be socially adaptable.
Sleep and rest disturbance will be imply:Irritable, anxiety and
stress.Fatigue.Reduce work optimallySeek assistance from
physician.Poor concentration.Difficulty making decisions.
Normal sleep patterns and requirements:Newborn: 16-18 hours
/dayInfants: some 22 hours, and others from 12-14Toddlers: 10-12
hoursPreschool: 11-12 hoursSchool-Age: 8- 12 hoursAdolescents: 8-10
hoursAdult: 6-8 hoursElders: 6 hours
Factors Affecting SleepDevelopmental considerationsPsychological
stressMotivationCultureLifestyle and habitsPhysical activity and
exerciseDietary habitsEnvironmental factorsIllnessMedications
Classification of Sleep DisordersDyssomnias characterized by
insomnia or excessive sleepinessParasomnias patterns of waking
behavior that appear during sleepSleep disorders associated with
medical or psychiatric disordersOther proposed disorders
DyssomniasInsomnia: difficulty falling asleep Hypersomnia:
excessive sleep Narcolepsy: uncontrollable desire to sleep Sleep
apnea: absence of breathing between snoring intervals Restless leg
syndromeSleep deprivation
ParasomniasSomnambulism: sleep walking Sleep talkingNocturnal
erectionsBruxism: grinding of teeth during sleeping Enuresis
Sleep-related eating disorder
Treatment for dyssomniasPharmologic therapySedatives and
hypnoticsNonpharmacologic therapyStimulus controlSleep
restrictionSleep hygieneCognitive therapyMulticomponent
therapyRelaxation therapy
Nursing Interventions to Promote SleepPrepare a restful
environmentPromote bedtime ritualsOffer appropriate bedtime snacks
and beveragesPromote relaxation and comfortUse night lightProvide
privacySchedule nursing care to avoid disturbancesUse medications
to produce sleepEncourage patient to void before sleepRemove any
irritants against patients skin such as moist or wrinkled
sheets
