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Sleep and Dreams. Sleep . Is sleep important? Yes!!!! Radio Disk Jockey Peter Tripp found this out 50 hrs- hallucinations 100 hrs- delirious 120 hrs- needed a stimulant 150 hrs- disoriented 200 hrs- believed doctor was an undertaker - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Sleep and Dreams
Sleep Is sleep important?
Yes!!!!Radio Disk Jockey Peter
Tripp found this out50 hrs- hallucinations100 hrs- delirious120 hrs- needed a stimulant 150 hrs- disoriented200 hrs- believed doctor was
an undertaker Sleep is a state of altered
consciousness, characterized by certain patterns of brain activity and inactivity.
ConsciousnessConsciousness is a state
of awarenessCan range from
alertness to non-altertnessBeing fully aware means
having your attention focused on something
Being in an altered state of consciousness means not being completely aware Ex: Sleep
Why do we sleep?We are not really sure…but
here are some theories:Some believe it is when
the brain recovers from exhaustion/stress (recharging of batteries)
Primitive hibernation- sleep to conserve energy
Adaptive process- Long ago we slept at night to avoid predators
Clear our minds of useless info.
Dream
Stages of sleepEarly Stages
Stage 1 Pulse continues to slow and
your muscles relax “just drifting”, lasts for up to
10 minStage 2
Your eyes roll slowly from side to side
Lasts for about 30 min before you drift into deeper sleep
Stage 3 Large amplitude delta waves
begin to sweep your brain every second or so
Deep sleep
Stage 4 Deepest sleep of all Indicated by large,
regular delta waves occurring more than 50% of the time
Person awoken would be feel disoriented
Can be characterized by sleep walking, talking, and bed wetting
REM Sleep Characterized by rapid eye
movement Called active sleep because
brain activity resembles a person who is awake
Almost all dreaming takes place here
Builds efficient learning/memory processes
Last from 15 min (early at night), to 45 min (late at night), after which you retrace the decent to Stage 4
Go through cycle every 90 min.
Brain is always active
Sleep Disorders Insomnia
Inability to obtain sleep Sleep Apnea
Frequent interruptions of breathing during sleep
Snoring Most common among elderly and
obese Narcolepsy
Permanent feeling of sleepiness Nightmares/Night Terrors
Nightmares occur during REM sleep, people will wake and have a memory of the dream
Night terrors occur during stage 4, characterized by sweating, screaming and confusion, people wake and have no memory
Sleep Walking Person is partly, but not
completely awake during the night
Person will have no memory of doing it
Usually harmless but person could injure themselves
Sleep TalkingNo memory but most
people talk in their sleepHarmless
Meditation Meditation is a practice
of concentrated focus upon a sound, object, visualization, the breath, movement, or attention itself in order to increase awareness of the present moment, reduce stress, promote relaxation, and enhance personal and spiritual growth.
Benefits of meditation …1. INCREASED IMMUNITY
Relaxation appears to boost immunity in recovering cancer patients. A study at the Ohio State University found that progressive muscular relaxation, when practised daily, reduced the risk of breast cancer recurrence. In another study at Ohio State, a month of relaxation exercises boosted natural killer cells in the elderly, giving them a greater resistance to tumours and to viruses.
2. LOWERS BLOOD PRESSURE
A study at Harvard Medical School found that meditation lowered blood pressure by making the body less responsive to stress hormones, in a similar way to blood pressure-lowering medication. Meanwhile a British Medical Journal report found that patients trained how to relax had significantly lower blood pressure.
3. CALMNESS
The simple difference between those who meditate and those who do not, is that for a meditative mind the thought occurs but is witnessed, while for an ordinary mind, the thought occurs and is the boss. So in both minds, an upsetting thought can occur, but for those who meditate it is just another thought, which is seen as such and is allowed to blossom and die, while in the ordinary mind the thought instigates a storm which rages on and on.
How might this way of thinking be helpful?
DreamsMental activity that
occurs during sleepDreams become
longer and more active during the night
The last dream is likely to be the longest and the one people remember when they wake up
Content of DreamsEveryday activitiesCommonplace settings:
living rooms, cars, and streets.
Strenuous recreational activities or passive events, like sitting and watching.
Unpleasant or negative emotions: anxiety, anger, sadness
Realistic time scale
Nightmares Frightening enough
that we awaken in the middle
Dream Interpretation Freud believed that
dreams contain clues to thoughts the dreamer is afraid to acknowledge
Nathaniel Kleitman believed dreams are a by-product of brain function and serve no purpose
Some believe dreams allow people to review some of the problems faced during the day
DaydreamsFantasizing while we
are awake Occurs when we are
boredUseful purposes
include:Prepares us for
future eventsImproves our
creativity Controls our
emotions