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Skills - Knowledge - Dispositions
Assessment Management - Set UpJanuary 2014
MEET Jack
Company ABCRULES
MEET Jack
Company ABCRULES
Jack works at Company ABC.
The 3 RulesCompany ABC
1. You must be really good at making widgets.
2. You must know how to use a GPS to find the company picnic.
3. You must wear the color green every day.
At Company ABC there are 3 Rules that all employees must follow.
The 3 RulesCompany ABC
Company ABC wants to win the “Good Company” award…
1. You must be really good at making widgets.
2. You must know how to use a GPS to find the company picnic.
3. You must wear the color green every day.
The 3 RulesCompany ABC
...so the company must prove that its employees are following the rules.
1. You must be really good at making widgets.
2. You must know how to use a GPS to find the company picnic.
3. You must wear the color green every day.
3 Types of Rule Information
1. Some rules have information about Skills
2. Other rules have information about Knowledge
3. Still other rules have information about Dispositions
There are 3 different types of information in rules.
3 Types of Rule Information
1. Some rules have information about Skills
2. Other rules have information about Knowledge
3. Still other rules have information about Dispositions
To make a judgment about each type of information…
(Does the person have this skill?
Does the person have this knowledge?
Does the person have this disposition?)
3 Types of Rule Information
1. Some rules have information about Skills
2. Other rules have information about Knowledge
3. Still other rules have information about Dispositions
...the information must be documented.
This is getting tricky!
To make this kind of judgment
3 Types of Rule Information
1. Some rules have information about Skills
2. Other rules have information about Knowledge
3. Still other rules have information about Dispositions
The tricky part is that each type of information is documented in a different way.
This is getting tricky!
Documenting Skills
1. Skills
Skills are easy to document because they are both observable and measurable.
Skills are documented by observation.
2. Knowledge
3. Dispositions
Documenting Knowledge
1. Skills Knowledge is not directly observable.
2. Knowledge
3. Dispositions
Documenting Knowledge
1. Skills
The way to find out what someone knows is to have them talk about it.
Knowledge is documented by reflection.
2. Knowledge
3. Dispositions
Documenting Disposition
1. Skills
To document dispositions, you need to show evidence of consistency in different contexts...
Dispositions are documented by reflection that shows consistency.
2. Knowledge
3. Dispositions
Rule 1. “You must be really good at making widgets.”
Is this statement describing a skill, knowledge or a disposition?
Data Collection for Rule 1
“You must be really good at making widgets.”
WIDGET Production Report
Name # of Widgets
Quality
Jack 235 High
Sam 40 Mediocre
Karen 55 High
Joe 300 Poor
Company ABC tracks the production of widgets and keeps a record of their quality.
Data Collection for Rule 1
“You must be really good at making widgets.”
WIDGET Production Report
Name # of Widgets
Quality
Jack 235 High
Sam 40 Mediocre
Karen 55 High
Joe 300 Poor
Is the ‘Widget Report’ an effective way to collect this information?
Data Collection for Rule 1
“You must be really good at making widgets.”
WIDGET Production Report
Name # of Widgets
Quality
Jack 235 High
Sam 40 Mediocre
Karen 55 High
Joe 300 Poor
Yes! Making widgets is a skill. It is both observable and measurable.
The report documents the widget-making skill.
Rule 2. “You must know how to use a GPS to find the company picnic.”
Is this statement describing a skill, knowledge or a disposition?
Data Collection for Rule 2
“You must know how to use a GPS to find the company picnic.”
Company Picnic Attendees
Name 2011 2012 2013
Jack Yes Yes Yes
Sam No No Yes
Karen No Yes Yes
Joe Yes Yes Yes
The company picnic is held each year at a different secret location.
The company keeps a record of who attends the picnic as a way of determining who knows how to use a GPS to get there.
Data Collection for Rule 2
“You must know how to use a GPS to find the company picnic.”
Company Picnic Attendees
Name 2011 2012 2013
Jack Yes Yes Yes
Sam No No Yes
Karen No Yes Yes
Joe Yes Yes Yes
Is the Attendee Report an effective way to gather this information?
Data Collection for Rule 2
“You must know how to use a GPS to find the company picnic.”
Company Picnic Attendees
Name 2011 2012 2013
Jack Yes Yes Yes
Sam No No Yes
Karen No Yes Yes
Joe Yes Yes Yes
No. This is knowledge and knowledge is not directly observable.
An effective way to gather information about knowledge is to get people to talk about their understanding.
So…
As a more effective method of gathering data about Rule 2, Company ABC has decided to run a training session just before the picnic to teach the employees how to use a GPS.
As the final activity in the training session, each employee must write an explanation of how to use the GPS to get to the picnic.
The written reflection documents the knowledge.
Data Collection for Rule 2
“You must know how to use a GPS to find the company picnic.”
Now that’s data-driven improvement !
Rule 3. “You must wear green every day.”
Is this statement describing a skill, knowledge or a disposition?
Data Collection for Rule 3“You must wear green every day.”
Green Apparel Report
Name Observation 1 Oct
Observation 2 Feb
Observation 3 June
Jack green shirt green shirt green shirt
Sam no green no green green shoes
Karen green hair ribbon
green hair ribbon
green skirt
Joe no green green trousers green socks
The Company ABC supervisor observes each employee 3 times a year to determine if the employee is following the rule.
Data Collection for Rule 3“You must wear green every day.”
Green Apparel Report
Name Observation 1 Oct
Observation 2 Feb
Observation 3 June
Jack green shirt green shirt green shirt
Sam no green no green green shoes
Karen green hair ribbon
green hair ribbon
green skirt
Joe no green green trousers green socks
Is the ‘Apparel Report’ an effective way to collect this information?
Data Collection for Rule 3“You must wear green every day.”
No. This is a disposition. Jack may have worn his green shirt for the 3 observations, but that doesn’t prove that he wore the green shirt the other days.
The behavior may be observable, but that doesn’t necessarily mean it is consistent.
To make a judgment about a disposition we must have documented evidence that the behavior is consistent.
As a more effective method of collecting information about dispositions...
Data Collection for Rule 3“You must wear green every day.”
Is there a rule about smiling?
...Company ABC now has their employees document what they wear each day with date-stamped photos.
Data Collection for Rule 3“You must wear green every day.”
Is there a rule about smiling?
The group of date-stamped Photos documents the disposition.
Conclusion
Company ABC has been collecting data about skills, knowledge, and dispositions for several years.
When they applied for the “Good Company” award, they learned that the information they were collecting was not telling them what they needed to know about employees following Rule 2 and Rule 3.
1. You must be really good at making widgets.
2. You must know how to use a GPS to find the company picnic.
3. You must wear the color green every day.
Conclusion
In the end, Company ABC was able to improve data collection strategies to accurately document Knowledge and Dispositions, as well as Skills!
1. You must be really good at making widgets.
2. You must know how to use a GPS to find the company picnic.
3. You must wear the color green every day.
Conclusion
Company ABC received the “Good Company” award...
Conclusion
Jack got “Employee of the Year”
...because he is so good at making widgets
...he knows how to use a GPS to find the company picnic
...and he ALWAYS wears green.
JACK
EMPLOYEE OF THE YEAR
I’m glad I found my green shirt!
