Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

Sketching in Design:Formalising a transformational process

Sungwoo Lim Strathclyde University, UK

Miquel Prats The Open University, UK

Scott Chase Strathclyde University, UK

Steve Garner The Open University, UK

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational processOutline

1. DSSG project (Design Synthesis and Shape Generation)

2. Formal shape generation: Shape rules

3. Experimental investigation: Sketch observation

4. Classification of shape transformations

5. Future research

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process1. DSSG project

School of Mechanical Engineering

Department of Design and Innovation

Department of Architecture

http://www.engineering.leeds.ac.uk/dssg/

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

… we anticipate three intertwined cycles

1. DSSG project

The Shape Synthesis

System generating

shapes

The designer designing shapes

Communication between

thetwo

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

How do designers, across a range of disciplines, generate shapes?

What similarities and differences in approach can be observed?

In shape grammar-based systems, can computer vision techniques be used to resolve the sub-shape detection problem?

How might the ability to compute shapes enhance the act of designing itself?

Aims and objectives of the DSSG project

1. DSSG project

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

How do designers, across a range of disciplines, generate shapes?

What similarities and differences in approach can be observed?

Aims and objectives of the DSSG project

1. DSSG project

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

… we anticipate three intertwined cycles

2. Formal shape generation

The designer designing shapes

Communication between

thetwo The Shape

Synthesis System

generating shapes

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

Different interpretations of a shape:

Shape rule example and its application:

2. Formal shape generation

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

Shape rules:

Generate shapes within design networks:

2. Formal shape generation

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

Example of application of shape rules: The Villas of Andrea Palladio

2. Formal shape generation

Examples of shape rules Examples of designs generated by the shape rules

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

… we anticipate three intertwined cycles

3. Experimental investigation

Communication between

thetwo The Shape

Synthesis System

generating shapes

The designer designing shapes

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

8 industrial designers and 6 architects took part in this study Participants undertook three tasks

Learn about segmentation

Task 13 minutes each

Task 2

Learn about (re)interpretation

Industrial designers: Lemon squeezer

Architects: Building

10 minutes

Task 3

Industrial designers: Kettle

Architects: Building

Learn about design networks

14 minutes

3. Experimental investigation

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

The actions of the participants were video recorded and their pen strokes were captured using a tablet input device

At the end of the tasks participants were asked

to elaborate on the interpretations and

manipulations of their sketches

3. Experimental investigation

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process

Interpreted as a component of the lemon squeezer

4 participants

Interpreted as side view

5 participants

Interpreted as top view

5 participants

5 out of 8 participants had more than one interpretation of the initial design during the design process

Initial design

3. Experimental investigation

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process4. Classification of shape rules

participant 1

participant 2

participant 3

participant 4

participant 5

Capture shape transformations via shape rules

…

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process4. Classification of shape rules

participant 1

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process4. Classification of shape rules

Classification of general shape rules

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process4. Classification of shape rules

Frequency of use of general shape rules

Capture shape transform-ations in sketches via general shape rules

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process5. Future research

Sketching in Design: Formalising a transformational process5. Future research

Examples of designs generated via application of three shape rules