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SKELETAL SYSTEM
By: Taylor Steedman and Sarah Gallagher
Functions of the Skeletal System
Provide points of attachments for muscles
Contain passageways for blood vessels and nerves
Continued Functions
Protect and support softer tissue and organs
Store inorganic salts
Produce red blood cells
Tendon vs LigamentBoth strong connective tissue
Muscle to bone Bone to bone
Cartilage
3 typesConnective tissue with collagenous fibers
Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage
Functions of Cartilage
Provides support, framework , and attachments
Protects underlying tissue
Forms structural models for developing bone
Parts of a bone
Epiphysis
Articular cartilage
Diaphysis
Compact bone
Spongy bone
Periosteum
Medullary cavity
Endosteum
Marrow
Epiphyseal plate
Sharpey’s fibers
Trabeculae
Endochondral bone formation
Step 1
Starts as a mass of hyaline cartilage shaped like a bony structure
Step 2
Cartilage slowly disappears only leaving calcium
A periosteum forms from connective tissue while blood vessels and osteoblasts invade inside and spongy bone forms
Step 3
The primary ossification center starts in the diaphysis moving toward the ends
Step 4
Compact bone in the diaphysis forms while the epiphysis continues the secondary ossification and spongy bone forms in all directions
Step 5
A cartilagenous plate thickens with new cells in the epiphysis while osteoclasts and osteoblasts rebuild the bone tissue
Step 6
Ossification centers meet ending bone formation
Intramembranous bone formation
Classify Joints
Joints: functional junction between bones
-make bone growth possible
-help skeleton change shape
Fibrous Cartilaginous Between bones
that closely contact each other
-between flat bones
-do NOT move
Connected by Hyaline Cartilage
-separate vertebrae
-absorb shock
-limited movement
-Ex: symphysis pubis
http://www.tbeeb.net http://isischiropractic.co.uk
Synovial
Allow free movement
-articular end=hyaline cartilage
-tubular capsule=dense connective tissue
http://therapydiaportland.come
Characteristics
http://mattparsonchiropractic.comhttp://solomonsseal/wordpress.com
http://www.methodistorthopedics.com
Types of Synovial Joints
Ball and Socket
Hinge
Condyloid
http://solomonsseal/wordpress.com
http://www.studyblue.com
http://ovrt.nist.gov/joins
Gliding
Pivot
Saddle
http://www.studyblue.com
http://woodprojectplans-ideas101.com
Bone Diseases
Osteoporosis Skeletal system loses bone volume
Weakened bones
Causes: low intake of Ca & lack of exercise
Post-menopausal women
http://naturallyhealthytips.com/ostoporosis
Works Citied
2) “How Muscles Attach.” Home Page. TeachPe.com. Web. 22 Feb 2015
http://www.teachpe.com/cloze/how_ muscles_attach.htm.
2) John Hopkins Medicine. “Human Upper Extremity Allotransplantation.” Hopkinsmedicine. John Hopkins University. Web. 22 Feb 2015 http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/transplant/programs/ reconstructile_transplant/hand_transplant.html
3) Buresh, Andrew. “Myelodysplastic Syndromes.” Primum non nocere. 2009. Wordpress. Web. 28 Feb 2015 http://www.gardenrain.wordpress.com/2009/4/22/
3) Wordpress.com. “The Uses of a Skeleton.” Arts and Science #2. 2015. Pedro Leon Carrasco. Web. 22 Feb 2015
http://www.arts2science.wordpress.com/livingthings/people/locomotorsystem/skeleton/skeletonuses/
Citations
4) “Tendons.” Artintercept. 2015. SeeChicagoDance. Web. 22 Feb 2015
http://www.artintercepts.org/tendons/
4)American Accreditation HealthCare Comission “Anterior Cruciate ligament repair-series.” MedlinePlus. 12
Feb. 2015. U.S. National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health. Web. 22 Feb 2015. http://www.hlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/presentations/100230_1.htm
5) Houston Methodist Orthopedics and Sports Medicine. “A Patients Guide to Interposition Anthroplasty of the Elbow.” Home Page. Methodist orthopedics. Web. 22 Feb 2015
http://www.houstonorthopedics3.com/interpostition-anthroplasty-of-the-elbow
Citations
6) Dronacharya las Academy. “Ribs and Sternum.” Home Page. 2014. Web. 28 Feb 2015
http://www.dronaias.com/skeletal-system/
7-14) Glencoe.mheducation. “Chapter 7 Skeletal System- Textbook images.” Hole’s Essentials of Human
Anatomy and Physiology 11th edition. Web. 28 Feb 2015 http://glencoe.mheducation.com/sites/0218378151/student_view0/chapter7/textbook_images.html
15) “Intramembranous Ossification.” papapipi.com. 2015. Word Press. Web. 22 Feb 2015
http://www.papapipi.com/tag/intramembranous-ossification
Citations
17)“Fibrous joint.” tbeeb. Web. 28 Feb 2015. http://www.tbeeb.net.
Keynes, Milton. “Pelvic Pain and Dysfunction.” Isis Chiropractic Centers. Web.
28 Feb 2015. http://isischiropractic.co.uk.
Citations
18) “Happy Joints.” Therapydia. 20 Oct. 2013. Web. 28 Feb 2015. http://therapydiaportland.com.
19) “Synovial Fluid”. Matt Parson’s Chiropractic. 28 Sep. 2011. Matt Parson’s Associates. Web. 28 Feb 2015.
http://mattparsonschiropractic.com.
McDowell, Forest. “Treating Bursitis with Solomon’s Seal”. Word Press. 31 Mar. 2010. Web. 28 Feb 2015.
http://solomonsseal.wordpress.com.
“A Patient’s Guide to Arthroscopy.” Houston Methodist Orthopedics. Web. 28 Feb 2015.
http://www.methodistorthopedics.com.
20) McDowell, Forest. “Joint Pain and Injury.” Word Press. Web. 28 Feb 2015. http://solomonsseal.wordpress.com.
Hamill, Joseph. “Joints.” OVRT. 1995. Web. 28 Feb 2015. http://ovrt.nist.gov/joints.
“Synovial Joints.” Study Blue. 2014. College of Coastal Georgia. Web.28 Feb 2015. http://www.studyblue.com.
Citations
21)“Location of Joints.” Milestone One. Web. 28 Feb 2015. http://muscleflexmilestoneone.weebly.com
“Types of Synovial Joints.” Study Blue. 2014. College of Southern Nevada. Web. 28 Feb 2015.
http://www.studyblue.com
“Saddle Joint.” Wood Projects. 2013. Web. 28 Feb 2015.http://woodprojectplans-ideas101.com
22) “The MusculoSkeletal System.” Weebly. Web. 28 Feb 2015. http://themusculoskeletalsystem.weebly.com
23)“Osteoporosis Risk Factors.” Naturally Healthy Tips. 5 Aug. 2014. Web. 28 Feb 2015. http://naturallyhealthytips.com/osteoporosis.
24) Thompson, Stephen. “Bone cancer gain without the pain.” Nature Medicine. 2007. Web 28 Feb 2015.
http://www.nature.com
