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Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems Section
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Bellringer
Alternately bend and stretch your legs while feeling
the
muscles in the front and the back.
What do you feel when the leg is straightened and whatyou feel
when the leg is bent?
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Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems Section
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Key Ideas
• What types of muscles are in the body?• How do muscle pairs
work?• What are skeletal muscles made of?• How do muscles
contract?• How do muscles produce energy for movement?• What
diseases or conditions affect muscles?
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Three Types of Muscle Tissues (p. 88!
1. Skeletal designed to pull
pull on bones A. !oluntary you can control" learned
actions
#. Attached to bones
$. %Striated& long fibers with perpendicular stripes
QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompresso r
are needed to see this picture.
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Types of Muscles, continued
'. Smooth muscle• Surrounds hollow organs (blood
vessels) digestive organs*• +nvoluntary
,. $ardiac muscle in heart only• +nvoluntary
muscle
• %Selfcontracting& no nerve signal needed
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Mo"ement and Muscle (p. 8#!
• Tendons attach muscles to two bones. - %rigin&
connects to bone that doesn/t
move - %+nsertion& connects to bone that moves
• 0uscles work in pairs - Work oppositely (one contracts
while theother relaes*
- $le%or muscles cause a 2oint to bend. -
&%tensor muscles causes a 2oint to
straighten.
• Warning3 4leors can etend) and5tensors can fle
QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompresso
are needed to see this picture.
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Muscle 'airs
• Where is the origin?
• Where is the insertion?
• Which is the fleor
muscle?• Which is the etensor
muscle?
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Structure of Muscles
• 0uscle cells are called muscle
fiers.
• A group of parallel muscle
fibers is called a undle.
• A group of bundles makes up
a muscle.
fibers
bundles
muscles
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Structure of Muscles, cont.
• 0uscle cells are made of
myofirils.
• 0yofibrils are made of
sarcomeres linked endtoend.
• Sarcomeres make muscles
looked striped.
• Sarcomeres contain myosin
and actin proteins.
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Muscle )ontraction
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Steps of Muscle )ontraction
1. 6erve signal reaches relaed muscle fiber
'. Sarcomeres absorb calcium
,. 0yosin and actin pull on each other
sarcomere shortens whole muscle contracts
7. A89 supplies energy for fiber to keep pulling
