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ZXSS10 SS1b SoftSwitch Control Equipment Product Description Manual Version V2.0.1.06.1 ZTE CORPORATION ZTE Plaza, Keji Road South, Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, P. R. China 518057 Tel: (86) 755 26771900 Fax: (86) 755 26770801 URL: http://ensupport.zte.com.cn E-mail: [email protected]

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Page 1: sjzl20091120-ZXSS10 SS1b(V2.0.1.06.1)_Product Description Manual_EN

ZXSS10 SS1bSoftSwitch Control EquipmentProduct Description Manual

Version V2.0.1.06.1

ZTE CORPORATIONZTE Plaza, Keji Road South,Hi-Tech Industrial Park,Nanshan District, Shenzhen,P. R. China518057Tel: (86) 755 26771900Fax: (86) 755 26770801URL: http://ensupport.zte.com.cnE-mail: [email protected]

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LEGAL INFORMATION

Copyright © 2006 ZTE CORPORATION.

The contents of this document are protected by copyright laws and international treaties. Any reproduction or distribution ofthis document or any portion of this document, in any form by any means, without the prior written consent of ZTE CORPO-RATION is prohibited. Additionally, the contents of this document are protected by contractual confidentiality obligations.

All company, brand and product names are trade or service marks, or registered trade or service marks, of ZTE CORPORATIONor of their respective owners.

This document is provided “as is”, and all express, implied, or statutory warranties, representations or conditions are dis-claimed, including without limitation any implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, title or non-in-fringement. ZTE CORPORATION and its licensors shall not be liable for damages resulting from the use of or reliance on theinformation contained herein.

ZTE CORPORATION or its licensors may have current or pending intellectual property rights or applications covering the subjectmatter of this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license between ZTE CORPORATION and its licensee,the user of this document shall not acquire any license to the subject matter herein.

ZTE CORPORATION reserves the right to upgrade or make technical change to this product without further notice.

Users may visit ZTE technical support website http://ensupport.zte.com.cn to inquire related information.

The ultimate right to interpret this product resides in ZTE CORPORATION.

Revision History

Revision No. Revision Date Revision Reason

R1.0 2009-9-20 First Edition

Serial Number: sjzl20091120

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Contents

About This Manual.............................................. i

System Introduction .........................................1Overview....................................................................... 1

SoftSwitch Structure ....................................................... 1

Edge/Access Layer.......................................................... 2

Core Transfer Layer ........................................................ 4

Control Layer ................................................................. 5

Service Layer................................................................. 6

System Features ............................................................ 8

Primary Purposes ..........................................................11

Product Standards .........................................................12

Product Structure............................................17Overview......................................................................17

Hardware Structure .......................................................17

Software Structure ........................................................20

System Working Principles ..............................................20

System Functions ..........................................................21

Interfaces and Protocols .................................25Overview......................................................................25

Physical Interfaces.........................................................26

Protocol Interfaces.........................................................26

Protocol Overview..........................................................28

Megaco/H.248 Protocol ..................................................28

MGCP Protocol ..............................................................30

SIGTRAN Protocol..........................................................32

SCTP Protocol ...............................................................33

M3UA Protocol...............................................................34

SIP Protocol..................................................................35

H.323 Protocol Stack......................................................38

SS7 Signaling ...............................................................39

V5.2 Protocol ................................................................41

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Recommendation Q.931 .................................................44

R2 Signaling .................................................................44

China No.1 Signaling......................................................46

Service Provision.............................................49Overview......................................................................49

Primary Voice Services ...................................................51

Primary PSTN Voice Services and Supplementary

Services ...............................................................51

IP Centrex ....................................................................57

IP Public Phone .............................................................63

Traditional Intelligent Services.........................................66

F3G Intelligent Services..................................................68

Hybrid Number Assignment Service .................................69

WAN Centrex Services....................................................70

Number Portability (NP)..................................................71

Pre-paid Service ............................................................71

PHS Hotel Service..........................................................72

Callee CRBT..................................................................72

Caller CRBT ..................................................................72

Non-Personalized CRBT ..................................................73

One Number Multiple-Phone............................................73

IP-based Value-Added Service.........................................74

SoftDA Service..............................................................76

Multimedia Service ........................................................77

Web Call Service ...........................................................78

Web 800 Service ...........................................................78

Web Conference Service .................................................80

Unified Messaging Service (UMS).....................................82

Networking Configuration ...............................85Overview......................................................................85

Networking Mode...........................................................85

Toll Network Solution .....................................................86

Local Tandem Office Solution...........................................87

Local Access Solution .....................................................88

Hybrid Networking Mode.................................................94

System Configuration.....................................................94

Technical Specifications ..................................99Overview......................................................................99

Technical Specifications ..................................................99

Busy Hour Call Attempts (BHCAs) ....................................99

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Maximum Subscriber Capacity....................................... 100

Signaling Processing Capability...................................... 100

Protocol Processing Capability ....................................... 100

Call Authentication....................................................... 101

Charging Performance.................................................. 103

Time Monitoring .......................................................... 103

Reliability and Availability ............................................. 103

Physical Specifications.................................................. 104

Environmental Requirements ........................105Power Supply and Power Consumption ........................... 105

Grounding Requirements .............................................. 106

Antistatic Requirements................................................ 107

Anti-Electromagnetic Interference.................................. 108

Dust-proof Requirements.............................................. 108

Temperature and Humidity Requirements........................ 108

Noise ......................................................................... 109

Lighting...................................................................... 109

Atmospheric Pressure................................................... 109

Air Pollution ................................................................ 109

Figures ..........................................................111

Tables ...........................................................113

List of Glossary..............................................115

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About This Manual

Purpose This manual describes the ZXSS10 SS1b SoftSwitch product interms of its system structure, working principles, interface proto-col, network management system, service provision, networkingconfiguration and performance specifications.

This manual provides users of ZTE SoftSwitch product ZXSS10SS1b SoftSwitch control equipment an overall understanding interms of its software system, establishing a basis for other sup-port manuals.

IntendedAudience

This manual is intended for engineers and technicians who per-form operational activities on the ZXSS SS1b SoftSwitch controlequipment.

What Is in ThisManual

This manual contains the following chapters:

TABLE 1 CHAPTER SUMMARY

Chapter Summary

Chapter 1, SystemIntroduction

This chapter describes the ZXSS10 SS1bSoftSwitch control equipment in terms of itsoverall structure, features, primary purposesand product standards.

Chapter 2, SystemStructure

This chapter describes the ZXSS10 SS1bsystem in terms of its hardware structure,software structure, working principles andfunctions.

Chapter 3, Interfacesand Protocols

This chapter describes the connection ofthe product to the whole network, providedinternal and external interfaces, adoptedsignaling/protocol, helping users obtain theknowledge of connection mode of the productto other devices.

Chapter 4, ServiceProvision

This chapter describes the service provision ofZXSS10 SS1b.

Chapter 5,NetworkingConfiguration

This chapter describes ZXSS10 SS1b in termsof its service provision and implementationmodes, helping subscribers have the knowledgeof the system service functions.

Chapter 6, TechnicalSpecifications andEnvironmentalRequirements

This chapter describes ZXSS10 SS1b in termsof its technical specifications such as systemprocessing capability, charging performance,time monitoring, load capability, reliability andavailability and its environmental requirements.

RelatedDocumentation

The following documentation is related to this manual:

� ZXSS10 SS1b SoftSwitch Control Equipment DocumentationGuide

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ZXSS10 SS1b Product Description Manual

� ZXSS10 SS1b SoftSwitch Control Equipment Hardware De-scription Manual

� ZXSS10 SS1b SoftSwitch Control Equipment Software De-scription Manual

ii Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

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C h a p t e r 1

System Introduction

Table of ContentsOverview........................................................................... 1SoftSwitch Structure ........................................................... 1Edge/Access Layer.............................................................. 2Core Transfer Layer ............................................................ 4Control Layer ..................................................................... 5Service Layer..................................................................... 6System Features ................................................................ 8Primary Purposes ..............................................................11Product Standards .............................................................12

OverviewThis chapter describes the ZXSS10 SS1b SoftSwitch control equip-ment in terms of its overall structure, features, primary purposesand product standards.

SoftSwitch StructureThe NGN based on the SoftSwitch system adopts the multi-layerarchitecture model. The ZXSS10 SoftSwitch completely conformsto and supports the standard multi-layer architecture model.

The ZXSS10 SoftSwitch system architecture falls into four layers:

� Service layer

� Control layer

� Core transfer layer

� Edge/access layer

Figure 1 shows the multi-layer architecture of the ZXSS10 SS1b.

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ZXSS10 SS1b Product Description Manual

FIGURE 1 MULTI-LAYER ARCHITECTURE OF ZXSS10 SS1B

Standard interfaces are used for communication between layers.Under the control of the SoftSwitch control equipment, the relatedNE devices cooperate together to implement service functions ofthe system.

Edge/Access LayerAt the edge/access layer, the existing access gateways and newaccess terminal devices interwork with the existing communicationnetworks and implement the access from various communicationterminals (such as analog telephone, SIP Phone, PC Phone visualterminal and intelligent terminal) to the IP core layer.

ZTE provides the following types of edge/access layer devices:

1. ZXMSG 9000 media gateway:

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The ZXMSG 9000 can work as the Trunk Gateway (TG), Sig-naling Gateway (SG) or Access Gateway (AG) or realize theintegrated functions of the three gateways via varying boardconfiguration. It is located in the edge/access layer of theSoftSwitch network architecture

� When working as an AG, the ZXMSG 9000 is located in theaccess layer of the Packet Switched Network (PSN) and en-ables PSTN subscribers to access the IP network. It acceptsthe access of common Z interface subscribers, ISDN digitalsubscribers, V5 subscribers and DSL subscribers, imple-menting the function of conversion between the voice/faxsignals at the PSTN/ISDN user side and the voice/fax sig-nals at the IP network side.

� When working as a TG, the ZXMSG 9000 is located in thecore layer of the PSN. It accepts the access of No.7 trunksubscribers and PRI subscribers. It enables PSTN sub-scribers to access the NGN, implementing the function ofconversion between the voice/fax signals at the PSTN/ISDNtrunk side and the voice/fax signals at the IP network side.

� When working as an SG, the ZXMSG 9000 is located inthe core layer of the PSN and can effectively implementthe interworking of signaling between the Switched Cir-cuit Network (SCN) and the IP packet network. It receivesand sends standard SS7 signaling messages at the circuitswitching network side and converts the signaling mes-sages into the standard SIGTRAN protocol messages at thepacket network side so as to interwork with the SoftSwitchcore control device

2. Session border control (SBC) gateway

This kind of products covers the ZXSS10 B100/B200 (theB100/B200 for short). The B100/B200 is located between thecustomer premises network and the operator’s service net-work to complete address translation and user access control.The address translation function of the B100/B200 involvessignaling address translation and media address translation.

The user access control function of the B100/B200 includesuser access control and media stream channel control. TheZXSS10 B100 (the B100 for short) enables/disables the mediachannel under the control of the SoftSwitch. The ZXSS10 B200(the B200 for short) is a high-performance, large-capacity car-rier-class broadband gateway product launched by ZTE follow-ing the B100. Located at the edge of the IP-IP network, theB200 controls the IP-based session signaling protocols (e.g.SIP, H.323, MGCP and MEGACO/H.248), provides edge accessand network interworking, implements IP address translation,ensures service security and guarantees SLA service perfor-mance.

� The B100/B200 can be placed between the operator’s ser-vice network based on public network addresses and thecustomer premises network based on private network ad-dresses. All the signaling and media information from theprivate network ports of the B100/B200 are transferred in aloss-free way to the public network ports of the B100/B200and vice versa.

� The B100/B200 can be placed in the operator’s service net-work or VPN based on public network addresses to connect

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multiple customer premises networks based on private net-work addresses via Network Address Translation (NAT) orHTTP agent.

3. IAD

The Integrated Access Device (IAD) is a kind of SoftSwitch ac-cess device, which is designed for individual and small-scaleenterprise users. It enables user terminal devices such as PCs,phone sets and fax machines to access the PSN. The IAD overthe IP network supports transparent transmission of data ser-vices and can process VOIP services and provide users withmultiple services.

ZTE provides a variety of IADs. The IAD device is configuredwith different physical interfaces depending on the type. Formore information, refer to the IAD-related manuals.

Core Transfer LayerThe core transfer layer refers to the PSN composed of backbonetransmission devices such as IP routers. It is the bearer basis ofthe SoftSwitch network.

At present, the ZXR10 T64E/T128 is the backbone router. TheZXR10 T64E/T128 can be used to satisfy the application needs ofthe convergence layer and the backbone layer of enterprise net-works or operator’s networks. The system adopts the modular de-sign concept and different functions of the router are implementedby different hardware boards. The 1:1 redundancy design of thekey modules of the system make the system more reliable andextensible and facilitates the user’s configuration.

1. The ZXR10 T64E/T128 chassis has a total of eight or sixteeninterface board slots that provide abundant types of interfaces,including:

� 2.5G POS interface

� 155M POS interface

� 622M POS interface

� 622M ATM interface

� 155M ATM interface

� SFP GE interface

� GBIC GE interface

� 10/100Base electrical interface

� 10/100Base optical interface

� Channelized E1 interface

� Channelized CP3 interface

� Channelized CE3 interface

2. In terms of software, the ZXR10 T64E/T128 adopts the ZXROSnetwork OS platform, which is completely owned by ZTE with

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regard to the IPR and supports rich protocols. The platformsupports the following protocols and standards:

� Link layer protocols: PPP, MPPP

� Network layer protocols:IP, ICMP, ARP, V-SWITCH, SMART-GROUP

� Transmission layer protocols: TCP, UDP

� Routing protocols: RIP v1/v2, OSPF v2, BGP4, IS-IS

� IPv6protocol

� RIPng, OSPF v3, BGP4+ and IS-IS6 routing protocols

� MPLS/VPN, VPWS, VPLS, QOS and RSVP TE strategic rout-ing, load balancing

� Tunneling protocol: GRE

� Application layer protocols: Telnet, FTP, TFTP

� Network layer control and application: NAT, ACL, URPF

� NM protocol: SNMP v1/v2/v3, RMON v1, NTP

Control LayerThe control layer refers to the SoftSwitch control equipment thatimplements integrated control processing functions such as callprocessing & control, access protocol adaptation, interconnectionand interworking and provides an application support platform forthe entire network. Functions and features of the control layer areas follows:

� The ZXSS10 SS1b is large-capacity SoftSwitch control equip-ment that can process millions of calls.

� In the SoftSwitch architecture, the ZXSS10 SS1b is the coredevice independent of the bottom-layer bearer protocols andcompletes the functions such as call control, protocol adapta-tion and processing, media gateway access control, resourceallocation, protocol processing, routing, authentication andCall Detail Record (CDR).

� The ZXSS10 SS1b can provide all primary call services, supple-mentary services and point-to-point multimedia services of thePSTN. Through cooperating with the service layer equipmentSCP and the application server, it can also provide users withtraditional intelligent services, value-added IP services, diversethird-party value-added services and new intelligent services.

� The ZXSS10 SS1b can place user data in to its imbedded data-base or in to the Smart Home Location Register (SHLR).

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Service LayerThe service layer provides the network with applications and ser-vices, customer-oriented integrated intelligent services and ser-vice customization.

1. ZXWN SHLR

The ZXWN SHLR is developed by adding some functions of thefixed network HLR based on the standard HLR of the 3G mo-bile network. It stores the logical numbers and physical num-bers of fixed network subscribers as well as their mapping rela-tions and the information such as intelligent service subscrip-tion data of fixed network subscribers. It provides integratedand centralized subscriber data processing for mixed numberassignment of the local network, Number Portability (NP) ser-vices, global intelligent service triggering, and transition fromPHS to 3G and convergence of the fixed network and the mo-bile network.

2. ZXUP10

As the control point for value-added services and IN servicesin the SoftSwitch network, the ZXUP10 interacts with the callcontrol entity to implement call control. The Service SwitchingPoint (SSP) of the SoftSwitch or the SSP of the intelligent net-work can serve as the call control entity.

The ZXUP10 can control SIP calls of the SoftSwitch. Such callscan be initiated by the SoftSwitch or by the ZXUP10. The SIPprotocol is applied at the interface between the ZXUP10 andthe SoftSwitch. SIP protocol is used to establish, terminateand manage end-to-end call sessions.

Upon receipt of a call from the SoftSwitch, the ZXUP10 in-vokes the corresponding value-added service according to theobtained call information. It operates the call according to theservice execution needs, for example, it redirects the call, ac-cepts and transfers the call or processes the call as the agent.

In addition to the above functions, the ZXUP10 supports initi-ating calls to the SoftSwitch, that is, it can initiate a call in theplace of the user to the SoftSwitch according to the requestof third party application such as Web, Email, push or instantmessaging, so as to implement call control based on web andmessages.

The ZXUP10 is an integrated system platform. Using the Parlaygateway as the core device, it consists of multiple devices suchas the media server, application server, Text To Speech (TTS)server, O console and signaling gateway.

Devices contained in the ZXUP10 are listed in the following:

� Parlay gateway

The Parlay gateway is the core device of the ZXUP10 prod-uct. It converges and encapsulates different bottom-layernetwork resources, externally provides open APIs based onthe Parlay protocol and offers the platform for developingthird party’s services. The Parlay gateway is an indepen-dent component irrelevant to the SoftSwitch in the controllayer, so the services are separate from call control and new

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services can be easily introduced. Structurally, the Parlaygateway is divided into three functional modules: Protocoladapter, basic function and, service control.

� Application server

This is the server on which service applications run. Theservices running on it are generally developed by thirdparty application providers. Multiple application serverscan be connected to and use the resources of the sameParlay gateway but they run their own services and arelogically independent from each another.

The application server and the Parlay gateway may be sep-arated or combined in the same server. The Parlay API isused between the application server and Parlay gateway.

� Media server

The Media Server (MS) is an independent device providedby the ZXUP10 system especially for the media resourcefunction. It provides media processing functions in intelli-gent services, including resource functions, communicationfunctions and management & maintenance functions (e.g.collection and decoding of DTMF signals, signal tone gen-eration and sending, announcement transmission, confer-ence function and conversion between codec algorithms).

� TTS server

The Text To Speech (TTS) server is a device used for voicesynthesis and converting text information into voice to playto telephone users.

� VIP customer (VIC) system

The ZXSS10 VIC system is a new service provision systembased on the SoftSwitch. Multiple functions are developedon the basis of the old standard attendant console, includ-ing instant charging and hotel system interface, to meet thecommunication and service management requirements ofthe VIP customers better.

The call control between VIC and SS is performed via thesimple and resilient SIP protocol, featuring with straight-forward service communication and strong expansibility.The VIC attendant console system can provide the stan-dard console, simple console and computer console. Theywork separately or cooperate with each other if required.

� SIP short message center

In the SIP short message center, the processing of sig-naling and services are separated via different moduleshence greatly promoting the system processing capabilityand system work division.

SIP short message center expands the service provision ofthe short message system via overlapping modules. Thebroad expansion scale and simple implementation modeprovide perfect solution for the continuous function update.

SIP short message center can expand capacity for specificmodule in the system if the upgrade is required by the cus-tomer. The resilient capacity expansion modes of the shortmessage center minimize the influence on the system and

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therefore protect the customer investment and system ex-pansibility to the maximum extent.

� WiMAX

World Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) isthe wireless Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) technologybased on the IEEE802.16 standards. The ZTE WiMAXsystem supports the encryption technology specifiedaccording to the 802.16e standards, encrypting the sub-scriber traffic and signaling to guarantee the confidentialityand integrity of the user data on the air interface. TheZTE WiMAX system supports QoS. The service providercan customize various policies, such as subscriber priority,bandwidth assignment on demand and delay or jitterrequirements.

System FeaturesThe ZXSS10 SS1b is designed with the most advanced distributedsystem, not only lowering the overall running risk, but also im-proving the processing capability and efficiency of the system. Adedicated communication equipment platform serves as the hard-ware platform of the system and a real-time multi-task operatingsystem serves as the software platform, which completely guar-antees the requirements of carrier-class operation equipment forlarge capacity and high reliability and ensures excellent cost-per-formance ratio.

As the core equipment of the SoftSwitch network, the ZXSS10SS1b features with the following in terms of performance:

1. Powerful networking capability, Tandem networking capabilityand long distance traffic balancing.

� The combinations of the ZXSS10 SS1b and various gatewaydevices, such as SS+MSG, SS+AG or SS+IAD, lead to thebuildup of long-distance network and local network, pro-viding the long-distance, local solutions and convergenceof long-distance and local solutions. Besides, the combina-tions support solution of dual-Tandem office.

� The system depends upon widely distributed data networksas bearer networks and supports various network topolo-gies such as star, tree, ring, and start + ring.

� The system has powerful penetration capability and sup-ports various network scales. Therefore, it can not onlyprovide services for a large number of centralized users,but also can expand all services to scattered users on theedge of cities.

� The system inherits the advantages from existing networksperfectly and supports the complete interworking withPSTN/ISDN networks, No.7 signaling networks and mobilecommunication networks.

� The system provides perfect integrated Network Manage-ment System (NMS) and standard network interfaces sothat it can be connected to the local network management

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center flexibly and conveniently. The ZXSS10 SS1b pro-vides detailed CDRs and sends the CDRs to the Billing Cen-ter via a standard interface so as to implement centralizedsettlement in the Billing Center.

2. Consummate integrated access capability

� The system supports direct access of various types of gate-ways, including trunk gateways, access gateways, NASs,signaling gateways, media gateways, wireless access gate-ways, and integrated access devices.

� The system supports direct access of media servers.

� The system supports direct access of various digital termi-nal devices such as PC, Softphone, IP Phone, SIP Phoneand MGCP Phone.

� The system supports policy-based device control, dynamicaddition of new devices and dynamic domain area adjust-ment.

� The system supports direct access of existing H.323 net-work devices such as H.323 gateways and H.323 terminals.

� It supports access of V5 access network equipment throughthe trunk gateway.

� It supports access of PBXs via Q.931, R2, and No1 proto-cols.

3. Powerful network interworking capability

� Using different gateways, the system supports the com-plete interworking with various existing networks such asPSTN/ISDN, No.7 signaling, Intelligent Network (IN) andPublic Land Mobile Network (PLMN).

� Using standard protocols, the system supports the inter-working between the same or heterogeneous networks ofdifferent manufacturers and carriers.

4. Excellent expansibility

� The system structure features with multiple layers. Everylayer is independent of each other and can develop sepa-rately.

� The distributed design is adopted by the system for conve-nience of smooth capacity expansion.

� With the plane structure, the system supports the network-ing mode with multi-domain expansion, so that users canplan the network construction scale according to specificrequirements.

5. Powerful service provision capability

� With the multi-layer architecture, the services provided bythe system are independent of the network and media.Once a service is generated, it can be shared by the en-tire network.

� As a unified service proxy and service bearer platform, theSoftSwitch control equipment masks the complexity of thebottom-layer network for the service layer, for the conve-nience of the generation of complicated integrated services.

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� There are three service provision modes: the SoftSwitchcontrol equipment provides services itself; the equipmentcooperates with the traditional SCP to provide services andthe equipment cooperates with the Application Server toprovide services. Such service provision modes completelyguarantee that the system has superb flexibility in utilizingexisting resources and developing future services and userscan select and expand services flexibly and convenientlyaccording to specific requirements.

6. Outstanding manageability and operability

� The equipment provides an integrated NMS, supports threeinterface modes (GUI, CLI and WEB) and implements net-work management functions such as centralized mainte-nance, network management, fault management and staticconfiguration management.

� The system provides complete operation and maintenancefunctions itself, including Element Management System(EMS) functions such as CLI, authority management, log,traffic statistics, signaling tracing, SNMP, data configu-ration, alarm and diagnosis test. In addition to this, itcan provide detailed CDRs, so that the Billing Center canperform centralized billing. The system uses a large net-work database as its data platform and provides multiplecharging data backup modes to guarantee the security ofcharging data and fully meet the actual requirements oftelecom operation.

� It uses the ZTE NetNumen integrated NMS as its operationand maintenance interface. The NetNumen integrated NMSallows you to manage all NEs provided by ZTE in the net-work.

7. High reliability

� With respect to hardware design, the equipment provideshot backup for all important components and all cards sup-port hot swapping with full fault tolerance, so as to guar-antee that no single-point fault will occur during operation.

� The redundant active/standby mode or distributed clustermode, including remote disaster recovery, is used in equip-ment networking. The components in each key system arealso redundant and hot swappable.

� As for software, the equipment provides hot backup for allvital data. If the active system fails, the standby systemwill take over all calls under conversation and ringing, com-plete the calls and save the call records.

� It provides remote disaster recovery. Two soft switchescontrol the user groups and relevant gateways (TG, SG, AG,and so on) in two domains. Under normal circumstances,active/standby mode or load-balancing mode is used forthe access device. When a node fails, all gateways con-trolled by the domain register at the disaster recovery softswitch, so that the services in the domain can be imple-mented properly.

� The system satisfies the requirement for 99.99% reliabilityof carrier-class equipment.

8. Security

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� Network security

The system supports configuration of different user levels,which prevents a user of lower level from performing op-erations of a higher level. Real-time login information ofunauthorized users that attempt to access the system isrecorded in the background maintenance terminal. Alarmswith text message and images will be generated if there isany request that imposes risks on the equipment, such asmultiple login failure, connection to IP address, and a largeamount of concurrent traffic. In addition, the ZXSS10 SS1bhas built-in safety check tools to defend against suspiciousattacks and report them to the system.

Also, ACL and port on-off are supported.

� User security

ZTE SoftSwitch system sets a device authentication codefor each authorized device and judges whether it shouldallow or refuse the access of a user based on the authenti-cation code.

Primary PurposesA network based on SoftSwitch technology has the basic featuresof a Next Generation Network (NGN), which can provide integratedmultimedia services such as data, voice and video in a centralizedmanner. Currently, the SoftSwitch system primarily offers voice-related and IP based value-added services, covering C0 throughC5:

1. It can work as the end office (C5 office), completely compat-ible with all service provision capabilities of the PSTN switch,supporting signaling and protocols such as MGCP, H.248, V5,DSS1, SIP and H.323, supporting the access of multiple termi-nals such as POTS, ISDN and packet terminals such as MGCP,H.248, SIP, and H.323, and offering colorful voice, data andmulti-media service provision capabilities.

2. It can work as the Tandem office (C4 office) or toll office, sup-porting traditional signaling such as SS7, SS5, R2, DSS1 andV5 protocol. When combining with devices such as SG and TGto perform networking, it has the access and trunk networkingcapabilities as the existing PSTN switch.

3. It supports functions such as black/white list, call authentica-tion, call interception and large-capacity bill storage. Also, itcan work as a gateway office.

4. It supports the INAP and MAP/MAP+ protocols. In addition, itcan work as SSP in the traditional intelligent network or in thewhole network IN system.

5. It provides WEB-based IP value-added services.6. It provides Point-to-point multimedia communication services.7. In the above various applications, the ZXSS10 SS1b, as the

control core of the system, is responsible for processing basicfunctions such as call control, protocol adaptation and resourcemanagement. Furthermore, as the charging collection point ofthe system, the device provides CDR of all calls as the basisfor the billing system.

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ZXSS10 SS1b Product Description Manual

In the above various applications, the ZXSS10 SS1b, as the controlcore of the system, is responsible for processing basic functionssuch as call control, protocol adaptation and resource manage-ment. Furthermore, as the charging collection point of the sys-tem, the device provides CDR of all calls as the basis for the billingsystem.

Product StandardsThe ZXSS10 SS1b complies with the following standards, as shownin Table 2.

TABLE 2 PRODUCT STANDARDS

Protocol Standard

IETF RFC3525

ITU-T H.248.1

ITU-T H.248.2R1

ITU-T H.248.4

ITU-T H.248.14

ITU-T H.248.15

ITU-T H.248.23

ITU-T H.248.23R1

ITU-T H.248.24

ITU-T H.248.25

ITU-T H.248.25R1

ITU-T H.248.26

ITU-T H.248.28

ITU-T H.248.28R1

ITU-T H.248.32

ITU-T H.248.39

H.248

ITU-T H.248.42

IETF RFC2705

IETF RFC3435

MGCP

IETF RFC3660

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Chapter 1 System Introduction

Protocol Standard

IETF RFC3204

IETF RFC3261

IETF RFC3262

IETF RFC3264

IETF RFC3265

IETF RFC3311

IETF RFC3515

IETF RFC2976

IETF RFC3327

IETF RFC3323

IETF RFC3325

IETF RFC3372

IETF RFC3398

IETF RFC3665

IETF RFC4123

IETF RFC3666

IETF RFC4028

SIP

And related supplementaryprotocols

IETF RFC3372

IETF RFC2976

IETF RFC3204

SIP-T

IETF RFC3398

SIP-I ITU-T Q.1912.5

ITU-T H.323include H.225.0, H.245,H.450

H.323

Q.931

ITU-T J.169NCS

ETSI TS 101 909-9

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Protocol Standard

RFC2960

RFC3332

YD/T1192-2002

RFC3807

SIGTRAN

RFC3057

GF001-9001

Q.700~Q.707,Q.709

GF001-9001

Q.721~Q.725

YDN-038-1997

Q.761~Q.764

Q.765~Q.766

Q.731~Q.737

Q.698~Q.699

GF010-95

Q.711~Q.714,Q.716

GF 011-1995

Q.771~Q.775

GF 017-1995

Q.1551,Q.1600,Q.1601

YD/T1226-2002

YD/T1201-2002

GF017-95

ITU-T Q.122409/97

ITU-T Q.122809/97

China Talecom PHS MAP ProtocolTechnical standards

NO.7

As same as the supplementaryrequirements of SHLR on theSoftSwitch equipment

R2 ITU Q.400~Q.499

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Chapter 1 System Introduction

Protocol Standard

NO.1 China No.1comply internationalGF002-9002’s DL signaling and MFCsignaling standard

R5 Q140~Q164

DSS1 YDN034-1997

YDN 020-1996(V5.1)

YDN 021-1996(V5.2)

YDN 108-1998

ITU-T Q.964,Q.965

V5

YD 1380.1-2005-I.pdf

SNMP RFC1157

FTP RFC0959

RFC2865RADIUS

RFC2866

DTMF RFC2833

SNTP RFC1769

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C h a p t e r 2

Product Structure

Table of ContentsOverview..........................................................................17Hardware Structure ...........................................................17Software Structure ............................................................20System Working Principles ..................................................20System Functions ..............................................................21

OverviewThis chapter describes the ZXSS10 SS1b system in terms of itshardware structure, software structure, working principles andfunctions.

Hardware StructureCompared with the traditional switch, the hardware structure ofthe SoftSwitch control equipment is simpler. It comprises theforeground real-time processing part, background (OSS, DatabaseServer) and switched Ethernet unit (SSN) used for interconnect-ing all internal modules. Figure 2 shows the connection of ZXSS10SS1b.

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ZXSS10 SS1b Product Description Manual

FIGURE 2 CONNECTION OF ZXSS10 SS1B

The description of each part is as follows:

� The SUN work station can be used as the background dataserver and the 1+1 redundancy of servers is supported. Also,the PC server can be used as the data server.

� ZXSS10 SS1b adopts the dedicated hardware platform basedon the multi-processor card. Compared with the PC platformand commercial work station platform, it features with the ad-vantages such as large capacity, high density, high reliabilityand excellent cost performance.

� ZXSS10 SS1b is installed in the 19-inch cabinet. Figure 3shows the single-shelf ZXSS10 SS1b equipment.

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Chapter 2 Product Structure

FIGURE 3 ZXSS10 SS1B CABINET

� ZXSS10 SS1b, based on the Ethernet structure with highspeed serial data bus as core, is a dedicated hardware platformwith multi-processor hardware structure adopted. The internalcommunication uses the switching Ethernet bus. Figure 4shows the hardware logical relationship of ZXSS10 SS1b.

FIGURE 4 HARDWARE LOGICAL RELATIONSHIP OF ZXSS10SS1B

� In the system slots, the main control processor module (board)controls the whole system and network, assigning responsibil-ity of each processor.

� As the system core, protocol processor module performs thecore functions such as network control and service generation.Processor modules are connected with high speed Ethernets,

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composing a concurrent multi-processor system in a “loosecoupling” mode.

� The network interface module provides external interfaces con-necting gateway devices via IP network and internal interfacesconnecting with the application server, database, authentica-tion server, management and maintenance terminals and INSCP. For the purpose of security, physically, the two kinds ofinterfaces are independent of each other.

Software StructureThe ZXSS10 SS1b software system is distributed, featuring withthe multi-layer and modulized structure. The software systemis independent of the hardware platform, convenient to be up-graded.Figure 5 shows system structure of the SoftSwitch controlequipment software.

FIGURE 5 SOFTWARE STRUCTURE OF SOFTSWITCH CONTROLEQUIPMENT

System Working PrinciplesZXSS10 SS1b, based on the Ethernet structure with processormodules are connected with high speed Ethernets, is a concur-rent multi-processor system in a “loose coupling” mode.

The network interface module provides external interfaces con-necting gateway devices via IP network and internal interfacesconnecting with the application server, database, authenticationserver, management and maintenance terminals and IN SCP. Forthe purpose of security, physically, the two kinds of interfaces areindependent of each other.

The external interfaces can provide the routing function, configur-ing static routing to ensure the resilient and convenient access ofIP core network of the SoftSwitch devices.

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Chapter 2 Product Structure

IP packets carried with various protocols received by the networkinterface module are processed on the processor module.

On the processor module, protocol processing, service generationand control are performed via software. According to varied con-figuration, the processor module can process different protocols ofdifferent network nodes.

System FunctionsFunctions realized by ZXSS10 SS1b include the following:1. Call processing control

It implements the primary and enhanced call processing.

It identifies events reported by the media gateway, includinghook-off, dialing and hook-on, controls the media gateway onsending tones of various signals to users, such as dialing tone,ringing tone and ring-back tone, and provides the dialing planmeeting the requirements of carriers.

It controls the establishment, hold-on and disconnection of theprimary call, including call processing, connection control, trig-ger detection of the intelligent call and resources control. Itaccepts the request of monitoring from the service exchangefunction and processes call-related events in the request. Itaccepts the call control information from the service exchangefunction, supporting establishing and monitoring the call.

It supports the primary two-party and multi-party call control.Here, the supported multi-party call control covers the its par-ticular logic relationship, the entry/exit/segregation/sitter-in ofthe conversation members involved and control of the voicemixing process.

� The cooperation between the ZXSS10 SS1b and SG headsto establish a call and free it. Here, the No.7/IP protocol canbe used, while take SCTP as the bearer protocol. Moreover,the ZXSS10 SS1b can control the media gateway to sendIVR for implementing services such as second dial.

� ZXSS10 SS1b can be directly connected to the H.248 ter-minal, MGCP terminal, SIP client terminal, H.323 terminaland NCS terminal to provide services.

� ZXSS10 SS1b can work as the end office, toll office, Tandemoffice and gateway office. It application covers C0~C5.

� ZXSS10 SS1b supports call processing like the tandem of-fice and imports the SHLR to support the MAP/MAP+ pro-tocols, performing tandem exchange for fixed network in-telligenlization and supporting double tandem function.

� The ZXSS10 SS1b supports multi-area code function.

2. Access protocol adaptation

It is responsible for implementing the adaptation processing ofvarious access protocols (signaling).

The ZXSS10 SS1b is an open and multi-protocol entity withstandard protocols used to communicate with various media

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gateways, terminals and networks. The protocols cover thefollowing: H.248, SCTP, ISUP, TUP, INAP, CAP, H.323, NCS,RADIUS, SNMP, SIP /SIP-T/SIP-I, M3UA, MGCP, Q.931, Q.51,V5UA, IUA, BICC, MAP/MAP+, R1, R2, R5, China No.1, R1.5and so on.

3. Service provision/interface

� The ZXSS10 SS1b directly provides services offered by thePSTN/ISDN switch, including primary services and supple-mentary services.

� The ZXSS10 SS1b is configured with the standard INAPinterface, which cooperates with the traditional IN SCP tooffer services provided by the existing IN.

� The ZXSS10 SS1b is configured with the standard INAP/SIPinterface, which cooperate with the application server toprovide multiple value-added services. It is also configuredwith the interface to connect the application server for theconvenience of third-party service provider developing ser-vices.

4. Interconnection and interworking

As the external interface of the SoftSwitch system, the ZXSS10SS1b is responsible for interworking with other equal entities.

� The ZXSS10 SS1b implements the interworking betweenPSN and the existing SS7 network via SG. It implementsthe interworking between PSN and the existing CAS net-work via R2 signaling and China No.1 signaling.

� Interworks with the IP telephony network of the existingH.232 system via H.323 protocol.

� Provides the interworking among the H.248, MGCP, H.323,SIP and NCS terminals inside the IP network

� Uses the SIP protocol to interwork with the SIP networksystem.

� Uses the SIP/SIP-I/SIP-T protocols to implement the inter-connection and interworking among the SoftSwitch controldomains.

� Uses the V5 protocol to access the access network with thecooperation of TG.

� Uses the ISDN protocol to access the ISDN PBX group withthe cooperation of MG.

� The ZXSS10 SS1b interworks with the existing IN via SGto provide users with multiple intelligent services. The IVRfunction needed by the intelligent services is implementedby the media server and media gateway under the controlof the ZXSS10 SS1b.

� Uses the MAP or MAP+ protocol to interwork with SHLR,querying user data or user subscription information fromSHLR.

5. Application support

The ZXSS10 SS1b provides application support, includingcharging and authentication.

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Chapter 2 Product Structure

� The ZXSS10 SS1b proper does not offer the charging sys-tem but generate Call Detail Record (CDR) or metering bill.Once the conversation is over, the charging data can beoutput. For the long time conversation, the charging datacan be output during the conversation.

� The ZXSS10 SS1b can be connected to the charging centervia standard protocols to output the charging data, namely,CDR. Here, for the general services, the charging centercan use the FTP protocol to collect the charging data pro-vided by the SoftSwitch equipment on a regular basis. Theminimum cycle of collecting data is five minutes. For thecredit or pre-paid service, the SoftSwitch equipment usesthe Radius protocol to send the real-time charging data tothe charging center. This service can be real-timely discon-nected.

� The ZXSS10 SS1b can send user information such as open-ing account, canceling account and service attribute mod-ification to the charging system via the standard XML orMML interface. With the introduction of fixed network in-telligentization, assigning a number to the user and therelated subscription can be implemented via SHLR. Then,SHLR connects to the charging system via interfaces.

� The ZXSS10 SS1b supports the authentication on users andgateway devices to avoid invalid user/device access.

6. Address resolution

ZXSS10 SS1b is responsible for converting the E.164 addressto IP address and providing the address resolution.

7. Voice processing

� The ZXSS10 SS1b can control the media gateway to decidewhether to use the voice compression and provide optionalvoice compression algorithms such as G.711, G.723, G.726and G.729.

� ZXSS10 SS1b can resiliently control the media gateway todecide whether to use the echo cancellation technology.

� ZXSS10 SS1b also can resiliently control the media gate-way to set size of the voice packet buffer to minimize theinfluence of jitter on the voice quality.

8. Fax/MODEM processing

ZXSS10 SS1b provides Fax/MODEM processing function, sup-ports T.30 and T.38 protocol.

9. Resources control

ZXSS10 SS1b provides the resources management function,centrally managing resources in the system, including the as-signment, release and control of the voice resources.

10.Operation and maintenance

ZXSS10 SS1b provides the consummate operation and mainte-nance functions, supporting local maintenance management.

ZXSS10 SS1b supports the SNMP-based NM mechanism andremote centralized NM. It can be brought to under the unifiedmanagement of the NM center along with other NEs in the sys-tem.

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Usually, NetNumen, the unified network management systemdeveloped by ZTE Corporation, manages, operates and main-tains ZXSS10 SS1b and other ZTE SoftSwitch devices.

NetNumen is applied to manage all data devices in the ZTESoftSwitch system, covering NE management, NM, servicemanagement and so on.

ZXSS10 SS1b supports the third-party interfaces, including theSNMP V2 alarm interface, performance data connection inter-face, NE-supported FTP interface and MML billing interface.The interface machine shall be installed.

� NE management layer

NE managers of various NEs work at the NE managementlayer, support the centralized NE management on the uni-fied platform, and implement operations and maintenanceon one or more device. All the NE managers work as thefunctional component imbedded in the NM system. TheNE manager can be loaded according to the device typesof the managed network to implement the point-to-pointmanagement on these devices.

All the NE managers interact with the managed devices viathe SNMP management protocol and TELNET interface, im-plementing functions such as configuration management,rack status monitoring, performance management, faultmanagement and MIB browsing.

� NM Layer

The NM layer provides network views of the whole network,monitoring and managing all subnets formed by variousdevices in the managed network. Moreover, it providesthe traffic statistics and comprehensive fault analysis atthe network layer, supporting the device management andnetwork optimization under the full network circumstances.

The NM layer manages the network in terms of its topology,performance, fault and security and the NM policy.

� Service management layer

The service management layer functions the following: ser-vice provision, service control and monitor, service-relatedcharging, breakdown diagnosis plan & task arrangement,unified service report management. The service manage-ment layer is based on the NE and network managementlayers, implementing the user-oriented service manage-ment.

The service management subsystem includes the fault re-port system, VPN service management, report manage-ment and provision of standardized open interface and API.

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C h a p t e r 3

Interfaces and Protocols

Table of ContentsOverview..........................................................................25Physical Interfaces.............................................................26Protocol Interfaces.............................................................26Protocol Overview..............................................................28Megaco/H.248 Protocol ......................................................28MGCP Protocol ..................................................................30SIGTRAN Protocol..............................................................32SCTP Protocol ...................................................................33M3UA Protocol ..................................................................34SIP Protocol......................................................................35H.323 Protocol Stack .........................................................38SS7 Signaling ...................................................................39V5.2 Protocol ....................................................................41Recommendation Q.931 .....................................................44R2 Signaling .....................................................................44China No.1 Signaling..........................................................46

OverviewZXSS10 SS1b is a protocol entity cluster. Based on various pro-tocols, ZXSS10 SS1b interworks with various networks. The im-plementation mode guarantees the system with excellent adapt-ability of future technologies. If new technologies appear, upgradethe software version and provide interfaces on the gateway at theedge layer without the large-scale hardware alteration involved.

Protocols supported by ZXSS10 SS1b cover the following: MGCP,MEGACO/H.248, SIP, ISUP/TUP, SNMP, M3UA, SCTP, H.323,SCCP, TCAP, INAP, PRA signaling protocol and China No.1 signal-ing protocol.

ZXSS10 SS1b is the control core in the SoftSwitch system.Meanwhile, it works as the external interface of the whole system.ZXSS10 SS1b supports multiple signaling protocols and providesinteraction with other networks such as the PSTN, H.323, IN andSIP networks.

Moreover, as a NE in PSN, ZXSS10 SS1b provides the Ethernetinterface to connect with the data network.

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Physical InterfacesFollowing is the detail of interfaces.

� The 100Base-T Ethernet (RJ 45) interface serves as the inter-face between ZXSS10 SS1b and the data network. It complieswith the Ethernet standard: IEEE802.3, IEEE 802.3u.

� The local maintenance and management interface shall use the10/100BaseT auto-sensing interface.

� The 10/100/1000BaseT interface is used between ZXSS10SS1b and the local charging server.

� The 10BaseT/100BaseT interface is used between it and theNMS and charging center. The 10BaseT and 100BaseT inter-faces shall comply with the IEEE802.3 and IEEE802.3u stan-dards respectively.

Protocol InterfacesZXSS10 SS1b is a multi-protocol entity, which interacts and coor-dinates with other NEs on the soft switching network via variousstandard protocols (interfaces) to perform functions needed in thesystem together.

ZXSS10 SS1b supports the following protocols:

1. Call processing protocols

ISUP, TUP over IP, SIP ,/SIP-T,SIP-I, H.323, V5.2, Q.931, R2,R1, R1.5, R5, China No.1 signaling, PRI, etc

2. Transmission control protocols

TCP, UDP, SCTP, TCAP/SCCP/ M3UA, IUA, V5UA

3. Media control protocols

H.248, SIP, MGCP, NCS, H.323

4. Service application protocols

INAP, CAP, RADIUS, MAP, MAP+,SIP

5. Maintenance management protocols

SNMP, FTP, Telnet

Figure 6shows the typical application of main protocols.

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Chapter 3 Interfaces and Protocols

FIGURE 6 TYPICAL APPLICATION OF MAIN PROTOCOLS

Figure description is as follow:

SG: Signaling Gateway

MG: Media Gateway

IAD: Integrated Access Device

H.323GW: H.323 Gateway

AAA: AAA server

� The SoftSwitch control equipment communicates with MG us-ing H.248 protocol or MGCP.

� The SoftSwitch control equipment communicates with SG usingISUP over IP.

� The SoftSwitch control equipment communicates with H.248IAD using H.248 protocol.

� The SoftSwitch control equipment communicates with SIP in-telligent terminals using SIP protocol.

� The SoftSwitch control equipment communicates with the Ap-plication Server using SIP protocol or standard API interface.

� The SoftSwitch control equipment communicates with the AAAServer using RADIUS protocol.

� The SoftSwitch control equipment communicates with NetworkManagement System (NMS) using SNMP protocol.

� The SoftSwitch control equipment communicates with H.323gateway and gatekeeper using H.323 protocol.

� SIP/SIP-T/SIP-I is used between different SoftSwitch controldevices.

� The SoftSwitch control equipment communicates with SHLRusing IP-based MAP or MAP+ protocol. Or it communicateswith SHLR with MAP or MAP+ protocol through SG.

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� Through MG, the SoftSwitch control equipment communicateswith the traditional switching network using common channelsignaling, associated signaling, V5 signaling or ISDN signaling.

� Through SG, SoftSwitch control equipment communicates withthe traditional SS7 network using the ISUP protocol.

� Through SG, the SoftSwitch control equipment communicateswith the traditional Intelligent Network (IN) using INAP or TCAPprotocol.

Protocol OverviewFollowing is the detail of different protocol.

Megaco/H.248 ProtocolDefinition H.248/Media Gateway Control Protocol ( MEGACOProtocol), H.248

protocol for short, is a media gateway control protocol regulatedby IETF and ITU-T. This is a non-peer-to-peer protocol used forthe communication between the Media Gateway Controller (MGC)and Media Gateway (MG).

The main function of the protocol is to establish a proper servicebearer connection model dividing the call connection and bearerconnection. By managing various service gateways, such as TGand AG, the service interworking between the packet network andPSTN network can be performed.

Connection Model The connection model defined by the H.248 protocol covers twoprimary concepts: termination and context.

� Termination

Termination is a logical entity sending or accepting one or moremedia streams. It has multiple feature descriptions, whichare integrated into a set of descriptors and contained in com-mands. The termination is uniquely identified by the Termi-nation ID, which is assigned by the media gateway when it isbuilt. At any time, a termination only belongs to one context.

� Context

The context indicates the connection relationship among someterminations. It describes the topological relationship amongterminations and media mixed/switched parameters. A con-text is composed of a group of terminations. One context cancontain multiple terminations.

Commands ofH.248 Protocol

The H.248 protocol provides commands to manipulate the logicalentities (terminations and contexts) of the connection model. Theattributes of terminations and contexts are under the control ofcommands. In H.248, eight commands are defined, as shown inFigure 7.

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Chapter 3 Interfaces and Protocols

FIGURE 7 COMMANDS OF H.248 PROTOCOL

In Figure 7except the Notify and ServiceChange commands, therest is sent from MGC to MG, and MG responds. Notify is sent fromMG to MGC, while ServiceChange can be sent to and from eachother.Table 3lists functions of the eight commands.

TABLE 3 COMMANDS OF H.248 PROTOCOL

Command Function

Add This command is used to add a termination to a context.When the Add command is used to add a termination toan empty context, by default, a context is added.

Modify This command is used to modify the terminationattributes, events and signals.

Subtract This command is used to delete the association betweena termination and the related context, and feedbackthe statistical features when the termination was in thecontext.

Move This command is used to move a termination from onecontext to another.

AuditValue This command is used to obtain the current informationof the termination attributes, events, signals, andstatistics.

AuditCap-abilities

This command is used to obtain all the possible values ofthe termination attributes, signals, and events.

Notify This command is used by the MG to notify the MGC ofevents happened to the MG.

Service-Change

This command is used by the MG to notify the MGC thatone or one group of termination is out of service or inservice again.

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MGCP ProtocolDefinition Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) is the protocol put forward

based on the requirements of gateway separation structure. At thevery beginning, the protocol, developed on the basis of the Sim-ple Gateway Control Protocol (SGCP) and Internet Protocol DeviceControl (IPDC), is designed for the gateway controller to controlthe gateway.

Connection Model According to the MGCP, the connection model comprises two basicelements: endpoint and connection, a call supported by one ormore than one connection, and the connection and call are com-pleted by the cooperation of one or more than one call agent. Fig-ure 8shows the relationship among the endpoint, connection, call,and gateway.

FIGURE 8 RELATIONSHIP AMONG ENDPOINT, CONNECTION, CALL,AND GATEWAY

� Endpoint

The endpoint is the data source or data destination, physicallyor virtually.

� Connection

The connection covers connections from point to point andpoint to multi-point. The point-to-point connection means theassociation between two endpoints sending data to each other.Once the connection between two endpoints is established,start to transfer the data.

� Call

A call, identified by a unique identifier, is created by the callagent. A call identifier can be considered as a character stringwithout the structure. The call identifier must be unique in thesystem. The call agent may establish more than one connec-tion for the same call. These connections must be associatedwith the same call.

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Chapter 3 Interfaces and Protocols

Commands ofMGCP Protocol

Commands of MGCP are classified into connection processing com-mands and endpoint processing commands, which cover nine com-mands. There are nine kinds of MGCP messages happened be-tween MGC and MG. When a message is sent to MG or MGC, themessage is called a command. When the acknowledgement mes-sage of the command is returned from MG or MGC, this messageis called a response. Commands and responses are inseparable.When a command is received, the gateway or MGC immediatelyreturns a response.Table 4 lists commands of the MGCP protocol.

TABLE 4 COMMANDS OF MGCP PROTOCOL

Command Function

EndpointConfi-guration

This command is used to define the encodingformat of receiving signals by the endpoint, such asA/u encoding.

NotifycationRe-quest

This command is used to request the gateway tosend the notification, according to the specifiedevent on the current endpoint.

Notify This command is used by the gateway to sendthe notification to the call agent, according to thedetected events that being requested.

CreateConnec-tion

This command is used to establish the connectionbetween two endpoints. The following localconnection parameters are provided: Encodingformat, Signal packing cycle, Bandwidth, Servicetype, Enable echo counteraction, mute suppression,or Activity detection.

Modifyconnec-tion

This command is used to change the connectionparameters, including the following:1. Providing the information of the opposite end of

a connection2. Changing the format parameters and activating

or deactivating a connection3. Changing the send parameters of a connection

through changing the encoding format, packingcycle, echo counteraction and so on

DeleteConnec-tion

This command is used to terminate the connectionand collect the statistical information of connectionexecution. Deleting a connection covers thefollowing situations:1. The deletion originated by the call agent2. The deletion originated by the gateway3. The deletion of more than one connection

originated by the call agent

AuditEndpoint This command is used by the call agent to obtainthe status of specified endpoint.

AuditConnection This command is used by the call agent to obtainparameters attached to a connection.

Restartinpro-gress

This command is used by the gateway to notify theendpoint of exiting service or obtaining service.

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SIGTRAN ProtocolDefinition SIGTRAN protocol is usually used between signaling gateways and

MGC, as shown in Figure 9. SIGTRAN protocol stack supportstransferring the SCN signaling protocol through the IP network.This protocol stack supports the standard inter-layer primitive in-terface defined by the layered model of the SCN signaling protocol.In this sense, the existing SCN signaling application can be usedwithout any modification. Meanwhile, the protocol stack takes thestandard IP transfer protocol as the lowest transfer layer and en-riches its functions to meet the special transfer requirements ofthe SCN signaling.

FIGURE 9 APPLICATION MODEL OF SIGTRAN PROTOCOL

Structure ofSIGTRAN Protocol

Stack

Figure 10shows the structure of the SIGTRAN protocol stack.

FIGURE 10 STRUCTURE OF SIGTRAN PROTOCOL STACK

SIGTRAN consists of two layers: signaling transfer layer and sig-naling adaptation layer.

� The signaling transfer layer used SCTP, providing reliable mes-sage packet transmission in the IP network.

� The adaptation of protocols at each layer in the multi-layerprotocol model of SCN signaling is performed at the signalingadaptation layer, responsible for inter-layer primitive transferbetween SCN and IP networks.

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SCTP ProtocolDefinition Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP), a reliable connec-

tion-oriented transmission protocol located at the same layer withTCP and UDP in the network model, is designed for transferringthe PSTN signaling message in the IP network.

Advantages ofSCTP Compared

with TCP

Compared with TCP, SCTP has the following advantages:

� The SCTP connection can direct at multiple addresses, whilethe TCP connection generally leads to one address.

� TCP is based on the bit stream, while SCTP is based on thesubscriber message stream.

� One TCP connection only supports one stream, while one SCTPconnection supports more than one stream at the same time.

� SCTP is configured with instruments for prevent attacks, suchas Tag, Cookie, and MAC.

SCTP Terms � Coupling

The SCTP coupling, in fact the corresponding relationship be-tween two SCTP endpoints, covers two SCTP endpoints andprotocol status information containing the authentication tagand transfer sequence numbers. A coupling can be uniquelyidentified by the transfer address used by the SCTP endpointthat uses the coupling. At any time, there is only one couplingexisted between two SCTP endpoints.

� Endpoint

The SCTP endpoint is the logic receiving or sending side inthe SCTP packet. On a multi-home host, an SCTP endpointcan be presented by the opposite host as a group of qualifieddestination transfer addresses that the SCTP packet can besent to, or a group of qualified source transfer addresses thatcan receive the SCTP packet. All the transfer addresses usedby the SCTP endpoint must adopt the same port number, butmultiple IP addresses can be used. The transfer address usedby the SCTP endpoint must be unique.

� Stream

A stream is a unidirectional logic channel established from twoSCTP endpoints. With regard to the sequential delivery service,all the subscriber messages in the channel must be deliveredin order.

� Transfer address

The transfer address is defined based on the network layer ad-dress, transfer layer protocol, and transfer layer port number.When the SCTP runs on the IP network, the transfer address isdefined by combining the IP address and the SCTP port num-ber. At this moment, SCTP works as the transfer protocol.

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M3UA ProtocolDefinition MTP3-User Adaptation Layer (M3UA) is the MTP3 adaptation pro-

tocol. Through the seamless cooperation of M3UA and MTP3, SS7network gracefully extends from the SCNN network to the IP net-work. In this sense, devices in the IP network without functionsof the SS7 physical layer, data link layer, and complete networklayer, can provide services for the subscriber part of SS7.

Location of M3UA M3UA uses the SCTP protocol as the reliable signaling transfer pro-tocol at a lower layer. Figure 11shows the location of M3UA whenit is being applied.

FIGURE 11 LOCATION OF M3UA

M3UA Terms � Application Server (AS)

It is a logic concept. An AS is the endpoint that performs aservice in the network. An AS always serves a specified routingkey.

� Application Server Process (ASP)

It is a process case on the AS. Multiple ASPs can serve one ASin the active-standby mode or load balancing mode. One ASPcan also serve multiple AS.

� Routing Key

Each routing key on the gateway defines a set of routing fea-tures of SS7 message. The SS7 message that meets thesefeatures are processed by specified AS.

� Routing Context

It is the parameter of ASPM message between the gatewayand ASP. This parameter uniquely identifies the SS7 messagerelated to the specified AS, that is, strictly corresponding tothe routing key or AS.

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SIP ProtocolDefinition Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), a multimedia communication pro-

tocol defined by IETF, is a application layer control protocol basedon texts and independent of the bottom protocols, used for estab-lish, modify and terminate the two-party or multi-party multimediasession over the IP network.

The Client-Server mode based on the text format is adopted inSIP, which indicates the message syntax, semantics and code inthe text form. In this case, the Client originates requests and theServer gives responses.

In the SoftSwitch network, SIP is applied among the SoftSwitchdevice, SIP intelligent terminal and SIP server.

SIP-I is adopted among the SoftSwitch devices.

Primary NetworkModel of SIP

Figure 12shows the primary network model of SIP

FIGURE 12 PRIMARY NETWORK MODEL OF SIP

1. User Agents (UA)

As an entity that originates and terminates the session, UAcovers two functional entities

� User Agent Clients (UAC), the functional entity that origi-nates the SIP transaction request.

� User Agent Server (UAS), the functional entity that receivesthe SIP transaction request.

Both UAC and UAS can terminate a call.

2. Proxy Server

� Relates to Redirect Server and Proxy Server

� It works as an agent for other clients to transit and forwardthe SIP messages. The message mechanism is similar tothat of UAC and UAS.

� It translates and processes the received request messageand then transfers it to other servers.

� It routes the SIP request and response.

3. Location Server

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The location server is a database. It is used to store the currentlocation information of the terminal subscribers, and providethe SIP Redirect Server or Proxy Server with possible locationinformation of the called party.

4. Redirect Server

� It connects with location server using LDAP protocol.

� It returns the new location of the called to the caller. Thecaller can recall based on the new location.

� Different from the proxy server, the redirect server cannotoriginate its own call.

� Different from the user agent, the redirect server does notaccept the call termination or terminate the call on its owninitiative.

5. Registrar Server

� It accepts the REGISTER request to complete the registra-tion of the subscriber address.

� It supports the authentication function.

SIP Message SIP adopts the text code mode, whose message falls into requestmessage and response message. Each message contains messageheader and message body.

1. Request message

The SIP message has six basic request messages, which areextended in development, including Updata and Message.Here come the six basic request messages:

� Invite

It is the message initially originated by the calling party,indicating the capability of the calling party and inviting thecalled party to participate in a session.

� Ack

After the called party gives a final response to the invitemessage, the calling party will send the Ack message, in-dicating that the final response is received.

� Options

When originating a call request, the calling party can querythe capability of the proxy server or the capability of thecalled client through the Options message.

� Bye

It indicates terminating a session.

� Cancel

It is used to cancel an ongoing session request which doesnot obtain the final response from the called party yet.

� Register

It is the registration information sent by the user end whenregistering to the network.

2. Response message

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After the server receives the request message from the client,it will generate a series of response messages, indicating theprocessing situation to the request. The response messagefalls into six types.

� 1××: Provisional, indicating that the request has been re-ceived and is being processed.

� 2××: Success, indicating that the action has been receivedand it is understood and accepted.

� 3××: Redirection, indicating that is necessary to performthe next action, usually, redirection.

� 4××: Client Error, indicating that the request has a syntaxerror or it cannot be executed by the server.

� 5××: Server Error, indicating that the server cannot exe-cute the request but the request is a valid request.

� 6××: Global Failure, indicating that all servers in the net-work cannot execute the request.

In SIP, 1×× response is defined as a temporary response andother five responses as a final response. When receiving a finalresponse, the calling party will send an Ack message to make con-firmation. When receiving a temporary response, the calling partycan send a Cancel message to cancel the former message.

Message Format Usually, both request message and response message have mes-sage header and message body, but some messages do not havethe message body, such as 100trying.

1. Message header

The message header contains the following:

� From: Address of the party originating the request

� To: Address of the party receiving the request

� Call-ID: It is a parameter to identify some request. Usually,this parameter will not change in a call. Call-ID, From andTo ensures the uniqueness of a call together.

� Cseq: It is a parameter indicating transaction. This param-eter ensures the sequence of different request messages ina call.

� Contact: It notifies the peer end of the address to whichthe next request message can be sent directly.

� Via: When the request message passes the proxy server,the proxy server adds its address into the domain, indi-cating the chosen route. Thus, the response message canreturn to the calling party along the route.

� Content-type: It indicates the format of the message body,for example, SDP or ISUP.

� Date: It indicates the time, which may include year, month,date, hour, minute, second, and day of a week.

2. Message body

In SIP, the message body usually adopts SDP. SDP is in a puretext format, so it can be embedded into SIP.

SIP-T has the SDP+ISUP message body. For the processing ofISUP, keep the binary coding format of ISUP.

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H.323 Protocol StackDefinition The H.323 protocol a standard real-time multimedia communica-

tion protocol stack developed by theITU-T for the IP network. Itconsists of a series of protocols such as call control, media coding,management control and network security.

H.323, transferred at the bottom layer without QoS guarantee, isapplied to PSN to meet the requirements for performing the mul-timedia communication. The main purpose is to implement theaudio-video communication among terminals over different net-works.

H.323 Terms The H.323 protocol stack defines the components, protocols, andprocedures for providing multimedia communication in the net-works including the IP network based on the packet switching.H.323 defines four components: Terminal, Gateway, Gatekeeper,and MCU. Using these four components, H.323 can support thepoint-to-point or point-to-multipoint audio, video, and data com-munication.

� Terminal

On the IP-based network, Terminal is a client. It should supportthe following three functions:

� Signaling and control

These support H.245 (a complex protocol for channel usageand channel capacity), H.225 (a call signaling receiving,sending, and establishing protocol similar to Q.931), andRAS (defined on H.225 and used for the terminal and GKcommunication protocol).

� Real-time communication

It supports RTP/RTCP (a protocol that handles the audioand video information packet in order)

� Encoding

It supports the compression before transmission and de-compression after receiving. The encoding is inter-opera-ble. Each H.323 terminal should support Q.711, and otherencoding formats are available options.

� Gateway (GW)

It provides the connection between packet switching networksand circuit switching networks.

� Gatekeeper (GK)

It is optional in the H.323 system. If they exist, they havesome mandatory functions. GK performs four mandatory func-tions covering the address translation, connection admissioncontrol, bandwidth control, and domain management. More-over, GK performs four optional functions covering the callcontrol signaling, call authentication, bandwidth management,and call management. When there is the GK in the H.323 sys-tem, before establishing a call, all the terminal users need toregister on the GK and obtain its permission.

� Multipoint Control Unit (MCU)

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MCU supports more than three terminal users in performingsessions. A typical MCU comprises a multipoint controller (MC)and multiple (or none) multipoint processor (MP). MC performsthe control functions, such as the negotiation between termi-nals, deciding the shared capacity for handling voice or video.MP processes media streams in the session, such as voice mixand voice/video switch.

SS7 SignalingOverview NO.7 signaling is a common channel signaling. Multiple voice

channels share a signaling link. All the signaling links composethe NO.7 signaling network.

Composition ofNo.7 Signaling

NO.7 signaling network contains the following three elements:

� Signaling Link

� Signaling Point (SP): is the node that can generate signalingmessage.

� Signaling Transfer Point (STP): is in change of transferring thereceived signaling messages to other nodes.

The node can be a SP or STP, or both.

3-Grade Structureof No.7 Signaling

Figure 13shows the 3-grade structure of No.7 signaling network.

FIGURE 13 3-GRADE STRUCTURE OF NO.7 SIGNALING NETWORK

� The 3-grade structure covers HSTP, LSTP, and SP.

� HSTP and LSTP are netty networks.

� HSTPs exist on the A and B planes. They are interconnectedin pairs.

� LSTP is connected to two HSTPs on the A and B planes. SP isconnected to two LSTPs.

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No.7 Concepts The following are several concepts of No.7 signaling network.

� SP: is the start point or end point of the No.7 signaling mes-sage.

� SP code: is the unique code to locate the SP in the signalingnetwork. It adopts the 14-bit or 24-bit code.

� STP: is the network node that completes the No.7 signalingmessage transfer.

� Signaling link: is the No.7 data link connecting SP and STP.

� Signaling link set: is a set of parallel signaling links directlyinterconnecting two or more STPs.

� Destination (signaling) Point Code (DPC): indicates the trans-mission destination of the No.7 message. In our country, the24-bit code is used.

� Originating (signaling) Point Code (OPC): indicates the trans-mission source of the No.7 message. In our country, the 24-bitcode is used.

� Circuit Identification Code (CIC): specifies the trunk circuit oc-cupied by the No.7 message to establish a connection. The12-bit code is used.

� Signaling Link Code (SLC): indicates the code of the link be-tween two neighboring SPs. The 4-bit code is used.

� Signaling Link Selection Code (SLS): indicates the link used bythe No.7 message. The lower 4-bit code of CIC is used.

Function model ofNo.7 Signaling

Figure 14shows the function model of No.7 signaling.

FIGURE 14 FUNCTION MODEL OF NO.7 SIGNALING

1. MTP1 is the signaling data link layer equivalent to L1 physicallayer of OSI. It works as the bi-directional transfer channel of

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the data, including data transfer channel and signaling terminalequipment. The data transfer channel uses 64kb/s.

2. MTP2 is the signaling link layer equivalent to L2 link layer, whichcompleted on the COMM board of the ZXJ10. MTP2 providesthe signaling link for the reliable signaling message transportbetween two directly connected SPs. The functions of MTP2cover the pegging and locating of the signaling unit, error de-tection and correction, signaling link monitoring, and trafficcontrol.

3. MTP3 is a function of the signaling network. It is combined withSCCP to the third function layer of OSI. At this layer, signalingmessage processing and signaling network management areperformed.

� Signaling message processing covers message route selection,message identification, and message allocation.

� Signaling network management is classified into signalingtraffic management, signaling link management, and signalingrouting management.

Signaling traffic management is responsible for the traffic con-trol and the transfer under the fault or congestion. Signalinglink management covers resuming, starting, and exiting thesignaling link in the signaling network. Signaling route man-agement is in charge of reliably switching messages on thesignaling route between SPs, including permitting, restricting,forbidding, and transferring messages.

� Signaling Connection Control Part (SCCP)

� Telephone User Part (TUP)

� ISDN User Part (ISUP)

� Transaction Capability Application Part (TCAP)

� Operation and Maintenance Application Part (OMAP)

� Intelligent Network Application Part (INAP)

� Mobile Application Part (MAP)

V5.2 ProtocolDefinition The V5.2 protocol is used for interconnection and interworking via

Signaling Gateway (SG) between the SoftSwitch network and theaccess network that has the V5.2 interface. In the SoftSwitch sys-tem, the Media Gateway (MG) can be used as an access device.TheSG is connected to the SoftSwitch control device via V5UA.

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V5 InterfaceFunctions

Figure 15and Figure 16show the V5 interface functions.

FIGURE 15 FUNCTIONS OF V5 PROTOCOL

FIGURE 16 FUNCTIONS OF V5.2 INTERFACE

1. V5 interface Layer 1 (physical layer)

It provides the physical channel for information transmission.

2. Layer 2 of V5 interface (data link layer)

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It provides reliable point-to-point transmission and an idealerror-free path to the upper layer.

3. Layer 3 of the V5 interface (application layer)

The L3 protocols of the V5 interface include the PSTN proto-col, control protocol (public control protocol and port controlprotocol), link control protocol, BCC protocol and protectionprotocol, of which the link control, BCC and protection proto-cols are used only for V5.2 interfaces.

Related Protocols 1. PSTN protocol

The PSTN protocol of the V5 interface provides the proceduresrelated to the specific analog calls.

2. Control protocol

The control protocol of the V5 interface consists of two parts:Common control and user port control.

The status indications of PSTN and ISDN user ports are basedon the principle of separate responsibilities of AN and LE. Onlythe user port status related to call control can pass through theV5 interface and influence the state machine in the LE.

In the working state, the LE uses the activation/deactivationprocedures specified in Recommendation I.430.

For ISDN-BA, additional states are required in the AN to:

� Support port activation of the permanent line (PL capabil-ity) service;

� Maintain the digital section (DS) and user ports;

� Implement optional activation control as defined in ITU-TRecommendation G.960.

3. Link control protocol

In the V5.2 interface, the following functions and requirementsare needed for each independent 2048 kb/s link:

� Layer 1 link status and relevant link identification of the2048kb/s link;

� Blocking and unblocking of Layer 1 links through manage-ment;

� Verification of the link consistency through link identifica-tion;

� Coordination of the link control functions;

� Providing the link control protocol for the communicationbetween AN and LE so as to coordinate these functions atboth sides.

4. BCC protocol

The V5.2 BCC protocol provides LE with a means to request ANto set up and release connections between the AN user portand the specified V5.2 interface time slot. The BCC protocolenables the V5.2 interface bearer channel to be allocated orde-allocated by independent processes.

5. Protection protocol

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The protection mechanism protects all active C channels as wellas the C path (itself) of the protection protocol used to controlthe protection switching program.

The protection protocol does not protect the bearer channelbut allows re-configuration of the bearer channel in the case offailure of its associated 2048 kb/s link.

Logical C channels will not be protected if there is only one2048 kb/s link.

Recommendation Q.931Definition Recommendation Q.931 provides the procedures for establishing,

holding and clearing the network connections between ISDN sub-scribers and the network. These procedures comprise the messagetransmission interface structures at the basic rate and the primaryrate on the D channel. The related protocol functions, methodsand interfaces with the other layers are included in Recommenda-tion Q.930.

The content in the Recommendation is used for the control ofcircuit switched connections, user-user signaling connections andpacket switched connections.

Functions ofQ.930/Q.931

Recommendation Q.930/Q.931 provides the following functions:

� Processes Layer 3 messages, communicates with the call con-trol and resource management entities of the switch and com-pletes call processing.

� Communicates with the adjacent layers via primitives.

� Implements resource management (such as channel and callreference) as necessary.

� Provides the required basic services and supplementary ser-vices for users.

R2 SignalingDefinition R2 signaling comprises of circuit signal and register signal. The

definitions of circuit signal and register signal vary from countryto country.

1. Circuit signals, transported among circuit devices (repeater)comprise of multiple circuit monitoring signals, monitoringtrunk status and connection execution control. Since eachtrunk shall be equipped with a suite of circuit devices withoutthe global utilization, therefore, to reduce the cost, circuitsignals are simple and comparatively and the types are lesser.

2. Register signals, transported among registers, comprise ofrouting signals and service signals, used for selecting routing,callee and managing telephone network. Since registers arepublic devices and the total amount is few, therefore, registersignals can be more complicated and the types are more.

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Circuit Signal Circuit signals of R2 signaling are in three forms: DC circuit sig-nal, in-band single frequency pulse circuit signal and digital circuitsignal.

1. DC circuit signal

DC circuit signal is mainly used over the solid line trunk ofelectromechanical exchange. At present, the domestic localcall network uses the SPC switches; therefore, the DC circuitsignal is not used now. No details on DC circuit signal are givenhere.

2. In-band single frequency pulse circuit signal

In the automatic toll call network, when the inter-office trans-mission system uses carrier, microwave, satellite circuit of Fre-quency Division Multiplexing (FDM), the inter-office circuit sig-nals use audio signal, that is, in-band single frequency pulsecircuit signal.

3. Digital circuit signal

Circuit signals are used for monitor the seizure, release andblock state of trunks. Meanings of digital circuit signals arelisted in Table 5.

TABLE 5 MEANING OF DIGITAL LINE SIGNAL

Forward Signal Backward Signal

Code Meaning Code Meaning

af=0 Offhookstate(seizure)of thecallingparty

ab=0 Offhookstate of thecalled party

Office statusof callingparty

af=1 Onhookstate (dis-connec-tion) ofthe call-ing party

Onhookstate of thecalled party

ab=1 Onhookstate (dis-connectionbackwards)of the calledparty

bf=0 Normal bb=0 Idle stateStatus(Fault)

bf=1 Faulty

Officestatus ofcalled party bb=1 Seized or

blockedstate

cf=0 Re-ringingor forcedclearof theoperator

cb=0 Operatorresponseringing

Re-ringingor forcedclear of theoperator

cf=1 Nore-ringingor forcedclearof theoperator

Operatorresponseringing

cb=1 No operatorresponseringing

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Register Signal The Multi Frequency Compelled (MFC) mode is adopted for registersignals of R2 signaling. The signals fall into two kinds: forward sig-nals and backward signals. Both of them are successive. Forwardsignals are used for transferring addresses and control instruc-tions, while backward signals are used for acknowledgement andcontrol. When a digit is sent, the forward signal can stop sendingunless the backward acknowledgement is received. Similarly, thereceiving end stops backward signals unless the forward signalsare detected stopped sending.

MFC register signals fall into forward signals and backward signals.Here, forward signals are divided into two groups: Group I andGroup II. Backward signals are divided into another two groups:Group A and Group B. Signals in Group A are acknowledgementsignals of Group I, while signals in Group B are acknowledgementsignals of Group II. Meanings of each signal group are listed inTable 6.

TABLE 6 MEANING OF SIGNALS

Forward Signal

Group Name Meaning Capacity

KA Caller type 10/15

KC Long-distance connectiontype

5

KE Long-distance (local)connection type

5

I

Digitalsignal

Digit 1~0 10

II KD Call service property oforiginator

6

Backward Signal

Group Name Meaning Capacity

A A signal Loopback controlacknowledgement ofdigit collection statusand connection status

6

B B signal Callee status 9

China No.1 SignalingDefinition The China No.1 signaling is the CAS signaling. Based on the signal

contents, the signals can be divided into circuit signals and registersignals.

� Circuit signals are transported among circuit devices. Most ofthem are circuit monitoring signals.

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� Register signals are transported among registers. Registersare publicly used and types of signals transported by registerare more compared with circuit signals.

Circuit Signal The circuit signal can be presented in three forms:

� DC circuit signal

DC circuit signal is mainly used over the solid line trunk.

� In-band single frequency pulse circuit signal

This kind signal mainly used over the carrier circuit. It is ap-plied to the FDM circuit devices.

� Digital circuit signal

Digital circuit signal mainly used over the PCM TD transmissioncircuit. It is transferred via TS16 of TDM system frame struc-ture. From one through third digits are used. The signals fallinto forward signals and backward signals. Byte meanings ofthe circuit signal are listed in Table 7.

TABLE 7 MEANING OF NO.1 SIGNALING LINE SIGNAL

0 Offhook (seizure)Af

1 Onhook (disconnection)

0 NormalBf

1 Faulty

0 Re-ringing or forced clear of theoperator

Cf

1 No re-ringing or forced clear of theoperator

0 Called offhookAb

1 Callee onhook

0 IdleBb

1 Seized or blocked state

0 Operator response ringing or callreaches called

Cb

1 No operator response ringing or callreaches called

Register Signal MFC signal: the register signal is sent out by a register in an ex-change office and received by a register of another exchange of-fice. It is used to automatically connect the control circuit. Toguarantee the fast transfer and anti-interference capability, theregister adopts the MFC mode. Therefore, the signal is called MFCsignal.

MFC signals fall into the following kinds:

� Forward signals: Group I and Group II

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� Backward signals: the response backward signals fall intoGroup A and Group B.

Group I and Group A are in pair, while Group II and Group B arein pair.

Meanings of register signals are listed in Table 8.

TABLE 8 MEANING OF REGISTER SIGNAL

Forward Signal

Group Name Meaning Capacity

KA Caller type 15

KC Long-distance connectiontype

5

KE Long-distance (local)connection type

5

I

Digitalsignal

Digit 1~0 10

II KD Call service property oforiginator

6

Backward Signal

Group Name Meaning Capacity

A A signal Loopback control acknowl-edgement of digit collectionstatus and connection status

6

B B signal Callee status 6

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Table of ContentsOverview..........................................................................49Primary Voice Services .......................................................51Primary PSTN Voice Services and Supplementary Ser-vices................................................................................51IP Centrex ........................................................................57IP Public Phone .................................................................63Traditional Intelligent Services.............................................66F3G Intelligent Services .....................................................68Hybrid Number Assignment Service .....................................69WAN Centrex Services........................................................70Number Portability (NP)......................................................71Pre-paid Service................................................................71PHS Hotel Service..............................................................72Callee CRBT......................................................................72Caller CRBT ......................................................................72Non-Personalized CRBT ......................................................73One Number Multiple-Phone................................................73IP-based Value-Added Service.............................................74SoftDA Service..................................................................76Multimedia Service ............................................................77Web Call Service ...............................................................78Web 800 Service ...............................................................78Web Conference Service .....................................................80Unified Messaging Service (UMS).........................................82

OverviewZXSS10 SS1b has the powerful service provision capability. Thesystem uses the multi-layer network architecture, as shown in Fig-ure 17. It has the following features:

� The service provisioning is independent of network and media.Once a service is generated, it can be shared by the wholenetwork.

� When a new service is introduced by the operator, the resilientcreation environment of service logic help the operator free ofexpensive hardware upgrade cost along with other techniquesand transportation cost.

� Services can be resilient provided by developers, operators,software companies licensed by operators and the third-partydevelopers.

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� Compared with traditional service provisioning, operators canintroduce new services much more quickly with lower cost.

FIGURE 17 SERVICE PROVISIONING MODE OF SOFTSWITCHNETWORK

Following is the description of above figure.

� SG: Signaling Gateway

� MG: Media Gateway

� Parlay GW: Parlay Gateway

� IAD: Integrated Access Device

ZXSS10 SS1b supports four service provisioning methods:

1. ZXSS10 SS1b directly provides primary PSTN services, sup-plementary services, IP Centrex services, point-to-point videoand multi-party video services.

2. Interconnected with the existing Service Control Point (SCP),ZXSS10 SS1b implements traditional intelligent services.

The SoftSwitch control equipment interconnects with the SCPby two means:

i. Interconnect with the SCP by means of standard No.7through SG.

ii. Based on the TCP/IP connection, interconnect with the SCPby means of extended INAP.

3. Through support of the application server, the IP based ValueAdded Services (VAS), intelligent services and a variety of mul-timedia services are implemented.

Besides, A WEB Server is added to the network for serviceregistration and selection platform of IP users and as the ser-vice user window. In specific applications, the standard serviceAPI interface of the application server can be provided to thethird-party attendants, who keep developing diversified newservices for users. The application server can also be leased to

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enterprise group users to provide them with customized ser-vices or to network attendants as VAS platform.

4. VIP customer (VIC) system

VIC attendant console system can provide the access of multi-ple services, such as the VIP voice, data, and stream media. Inthis way, VIP customer system integrates functions of variousconsoles and adds some new functions. VIP customer systemis mainly used by group users, such as hotels, schools, facto-ries, and government offices.

Primary Voice ServicesThe primary voice service refers to the service of which the majorpurpose is to ensure normal conversation between subscribers. Itis a service collection instead of a specific service. It includes voiceservices such as primary call services, primary PSTN voice ser-vices, supplementary services and traditional intelligent services.

Here, primary call services refer to local, national and internationalautomatic incoming call and outgoing call services of various termi-nals. The terminal type includes ordinary phone accessed via theIAD, Soft Phone and various IP Phones based on H.248, MGCP,NCS, SIP and H.323. Primary call services are provided by theSoftSwitch control equipment independently.

Primary PSTN VoiceServices and SupplementaryServicesZXSS10 SS1b can provide all primary PSTN voice services and sup-plementary services specified in YDN 065-1997 General TechnicalSpecifications for Telephone Switching Equipment by the MPT andits supplementary specifications. The supplementary services areshown in Table 9.

TABLE 9 SUPPLEMENTARY SERVICES

Service Description

Call for-warding

Automatically forward calls to a phone to the temporarilyspecified phone set. According to the actual needs of thesubscriber, four services can be provided: call forwardingon busy, call forwarding on no reply, call forwardingunconditional (forwarding of all calls) and call forwardingon subscriber offline.

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Toll pro-hibited incall for-warding

After registering call forwarding, a subscriber can use thisservice so that calls are not forwarded to toll numbers.This service needs to be used in conjunction with callforwarding.

Forward-ing of in-comingtoll pro-hibited

After registering call forwarding, a subscriber can use thisservice so that incoming calls other than tolls are forwardedwhile incoming tolls are intercepted. This service needs tobe used in conjunction with call forwarding.

Callparkingon busy

When a subscriber calls another and the called partyis busy, the call is recorded. Within 20 minutes, ifthe subscriber wants to call that subscriber again, thesubscriber just needs to pick up the phone and wait for 5seconds without dialing any number.

Callingback onbusy

When the called party is busy, the caller can hang upand wait. Once the phone of the called party is idle, anautomatic callback can be made.

Callwaiting

It is permitted that a subscriber in conversation is notifiedof an incoming call. The subscriber can select to accept orignore this waiting call. After accepting it, the subscribercan switch conversation between these two callers. In thiscase, one caller will be held to listen to the waiting music.The subscriber can also disconnect a call and concentrateonly on the other.

Absentsub-scriberservice

When there is an incoming call but the subscriber is out,the exchange can provide voice service to reply the call forthe subscriber so as to avoid repeated dialing of the caller.

Do notdisturb

When the subscriber does not want to be interrupted byany incoming call, the exchange can reply all incoming callswithout affecting his outgoing calls.

Do notdisturbwithinthe settime

With this service, the subscriber can be exempt from theinterference of outside calls within 12 hours (adjustableby the equipment buyer). Moreover, outgoing calls of thesubscriber will not be restricted.

Maliciouscalltracing

When being annoyed by an unknown malicious call, thesubscriber can query the number of the malicious call viathe exchange simply by key pressing.

Instantmali-cious calltracing

It is supplementary for malicious call tracing. With thisservice, all incoming calls will be recorded in the alarms ofthe equipment buyer.

MultipleDNs

The analog subscriber is provided with multiple numbersfor just one phone. In addition, there are different ringsfor different numbers.

Transferservice

When a subscriber is in conversation with the called party,the called party can be held and another subscriber canbe dialed so that the latter two subscribers can conversewith each other.

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Three-way con-nection

When two subscribers are in conversation, anothersubscriber can be dialed without interrupting theconversation between these two subscribers. Thus,the three-party conversation or conversation with twosubscribers respectively is available.

Confer-ence call

The SoftSwitch control equipment provides the service ofsimultaneous conversation of more than three parties.When the telephone conference service is used, the chairsubscriber can dial multiple subscribers (60 at most)continuously so that they can participate in the conferenceby pressing the hook.

Virtualconfer-ence

In the data of the SoftSwitch control equipment, virtualconference access codes can be set, including thepassword, maximum access number, start and end time.

When such a conference is used, subscriber A dials thevirtual conference number and inputs the password whenprompted to create a virtual conference room. Then, thesubscriber is notified to be the first in the conferenceroom through voice. Subscriber B picks up the phone,dials the virtual conference number after hearing the dialtone, and inputs the password as prompted for access tothe conference room. Then, he can hear the notificationthat he is already in the conference room. Subscriber Aand subscriber B can converse with each other. In thiscase, other subscribers can dial the virtual conferencenumber to enter the conference room and participate inthe conference.

IPCentrex

Refer to the IP Centrex topic for details.

Abbrevi-ated di-aling

It is a service that uses a 1–2 bytes user-defined code tosubstitute for a telephone number with many digits. Theservice can be used to dial either a local number or anational/international toll number.

Calleridentifi-cation

In the case of an incoming call, the LCD of the calledparty’s phone can automatically display and store theincoming number.

Call-ing lineidenti-ficationrestric-tion

It is prohibited to display the phone number of thesubscriber for the called party. The priority of this serviceis higher than the calling number display service.

Immedi-ate hot-line

The subscriber can set a frequently-used phone number asthe hotline (only one hotline is permitted). After applicationof this service, the subscriber will be automaticallyconnected to the fixed number upon hooking off.

Delayedhotline

The subscriber can set a frequently-used phone numberas the hotline (only one hotline is permitted). With thisservice, the subscriber will be automatically connected tothe phone number if not dialing any number within thespecified time (5 seconds) after hook-off.

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Calloverride

With this service, if the called party has registered donot disturb, absent subscriber or call forwarding service,normal ringing is available too.

Emer-gencycall over-ride

This function permits emergency calls on the call restrictedphone set. The service is valid for all subscribers andrequires no special application.

Sec-retaryservice

After subscriber A activates this service, all incomingcalls to subscriber A will be first connected to anotherspecified subscriber B. After being filtered by subscriber B,the calls can be forwarded to subscriber A again throughtransfer or handled by subscriber B directly. Subscriber Bcan correspond to multiple subscriber As. Subscriber Bprovides the override function for the secretary service ofsubscriber A, that is, calls from subscriber B to A will bedirectly connected to subscriber A.

Alarmclockservice

The phone set can ring automatically according to thepreset time.

Missingnumber

If a subscriber has registered the missing number service,and there is any missing call, the subscriber will hear "Youhave XX missing calls. Please dial #*99 for information"after hook-off.

Forcedreleaseservice

With this service, the phone set of the subscriber will havethe forced release function.

Auto-maticlockingin out-goingcall re-striction

This service should be used together with outgoing callrestriction. After applying for outgoing call restriction, thesubscriber needs only dial *#66* S1S2S3S4* plus theoutgoing number to dial the restricted numbers. He neednot dial #54*KS1S2S3S4# to cancel the call restriction.The call restriction is still valid after hook-off.

Outgoingcall re-striction

This service is used to restrict some outgoing calls on thisphone. It enables the subscriber to restrict some specificoutgoing calls of the phone with some simple operationswhen leaving the phone set so as to avoid unauthorizeduse of the phone.

Restric-tion overspecifiedcalleddestina-tion code

The incoming calls of the subscriber with destination coderestriction activated are not restricted. A maximum often destination codes can be defined in the restrictionlist of each subscriber. The destination code can be theprefix, country code, area code, office code, special servicenumber or DN (with the maximum length of 40 digits). Theemergency calls of the subscriber will not be restricted.The proportion of such subscribers is 10%.

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Connec-tion ofspecifiedcalleddestina-tion code

This service allows a subscriber to call only specifiedcalled destination codes, and his incoming calls will not berestricted. Up to 10 destination codes can be defined inthe destination code list. The destination code can be ofprefix, country code, area code, office code, special servicenumber or DN (with the maximum length of 40 digits). Theemergency calls of the subscriber will not be affected. Thepercentage of the subscribers with such service is 10%.

Restric-tion tospecifiedcallingdestina-tion code

This service allows a subscriber to restrict the incomingcalls of specified calling destination codes, but his outgoingcalls will not be restricted. Up to 10 destination codescan be defined in the calling destination code list. Thedestination code can be of prefix, country code, areacode, office code, special service number or DN (with themaximum length of 40 digits). The emergency calls of thesubscriber will not be restricted. The percentage of suchsubscribers is 10%.

Connec-tion ofspecifiedcallingdestina-tion code

This service restricts the incoming calls to only the specifiednumbers, and the outgoing calls of the subscriber are notbe restricted. Up to 10 destination codes can be definedin the list of designated destination code connections.The destination codes may be prefix, country code, areacode, office code, special service number or DN (with themaximum length of 40 digits). The emergency calls ofsubscribers will not be restricted by the call destinationconnection service. The percentage of such subscribersis 10%.

Overrid-ing sub-scriber

Subscribers in need can apply to the exchange carrierfor this service in advance. With this service, a servicereservation flag is set in the background database, whichfunctions for caller identification and malicious call tracing.

Voice an-nounce-ment forfailedcalls

Subscribers in need can apply to the exchange carrierfor this service in advance. With this service, a servicereservation flag is set in the background database. Whena call fails, the corresponding failure voice can be sent tothe subscriber.

Not inservice

A service reservation flag is set in the backgrounddatabase. Any subscriber dialing this number will hear avoice prompt.

Numberreserva-tion aftertempo-rary re-lease

A service reservation flag is set in the background databaseof the exchange. Any subscriber dialing this number willhear the voice prompt: "Sorry, the subscriber has appliedfor number reservation after temporary release".

Call filterwithblack/whitelist

Based on the calling number or incoming trunk identifier,certain callers or calls from a certain incoming trunk canbe prohibited or allowed to go to certain destination codes.A destination code may be of prefix, national code, areacode, exchange number, special service number or DN. Themaximum length is 20 digits.

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Settingas com-puter at-tendantconsole

With this service, the subscriber can be activated onlyafter the telecom exchange assigns the subscriber withthe corresponding rights. Independent use of this serviceis meaningless.

Authen-ticationfunction

1. Authenticate calls of subscribers under a carrier. Theauthentication content includes authorities in using thenetwork and various services.

2. Authenticate calls from networks of other carriers soas to judge whether such subscribers have the rightto use services of this network, including the nationalfull automatic service and international full automaticservice or other services of this network.

Inter-ceptionfunction

1. 1. For local subscribers, intercept prohibited callsand send the corresponding recorded announcementsaccording to subscriber attributes and the dialednumber.

2. Intercept inter-network calls after checking theblack/white list.

3. Intercept calls after authentication.4. Intercept incoming calls with incomplete calling

numbers or without calling numbers.

Polarityreversalfunction

Notify the gateway and IAD to provide the correspondingpolarity reversal pulse for public phone billing.

Inter-ceptionservice

Intercept the call when the called number is changed, theroute is blocked temporarily, or the subscriber misoperates.Transfer the call to an answer-agent device to reduceunnecessary connections. This service is free of charge andrequires no special application.

## Au-tomaticnumberreport

One can hear the number of the subscriber reported by thesystem through dialing ##.

117time an-nounce-ment

Time announcement

Anon-ymouscall

Based on the national standards, to perform three kindsof caller identification display restriction, the SoftSwitchclassifies the anonymous calls into three:

A (temporary display restriction): The caller has the rightto restrict the identification display via a certain operationwhen originating a call. Generally, the caller identificationdisplay is permitted.

B (temporary display permission): The caller has the rightto permit the identification display via a certain operationwhen originating a call. Generally, the caller identificationdisplay is restricted.

C (permanent display restriction): The caller identificationdisplay is permanently restricted. If the called is a overrideuser, the called can identify the caller regardless of anykind of caller identification display restriction.

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Choiceof carrierbased onthe set-ting bythe sub-scriberor thecall

For preset subscribers, the SoftSwitch control equipmentprovides the capability of free selection or prohibition offree selection according to the network interconnectionrules.

Servicetone ontrial

When the MSG series gateway works as the media serverof the SoftSwitch, one can dial an access code and aservice tone number on a telephone to listen the servicetone loaded to the gateway. It is convenient to find out andtest the service tone.

IP CentrexFunctions of IP

CentrexZXSS10 SS1b can provide the IP Centrex service. Besides thefunctions of the traditional Centrex service, it also provides exten-sion subscribers with new services that only the SoftSwitch sys-tem has to meet requirements for data communication. In termsof network, it can provide some functions unavailable on the tradi-tional switches. It supports CENTREX application modes crossingexchanges, regions, a variety of equipment and terminals.

The IP Centrex service is a high-quality service provided by theSoftSwitch control equipment, which is applicable to enterpriseusers at various scales. It can replace the traditional PBX or beused to enhance the traditional telephone service of the exist-ing PBX. Besides the traditional "*#" plus number service appli-cation mode, ZTE SoftSwitch control equipment can also provideWEB-based services and self-help management. Subscribers cansubscribe or cancel services via the WEB page, which is very con-venient.

ZXSS10 SS1b supports intra-group subscribers registering the fullnetwork intelligentized services, such as calling party CRBT andcalled party CRBT.

Figure 18 shows the service provisioning mode of IP Centrex.

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FIGURE 18 SERVICE PROVISIONING MODE OF IP CENTREX

The IP Centrex of ZTE SoftSwitch control equipment can provideall functions of traditional Centrex service, as listed in Table 10.

TABLE 10 FUNCTIONS OF IP CENTREX

Service Description

Intra-group calls Subscribers within the same group can directlydial the extension numbers. The called extensionscan be set with special ringing tones.

Inter-groupincoming calls

1. Inter-group subscribers can directly callextension subscribers within the group. Thecalled extensions provide ordinary ringing.Moreover, extensions can be set with externalcall restriction.

2. External calls can be transferred through theattendant. With the incoming call transferfunction, calls can be transferred from anyextension to another. If the transfer fails, theoriginal calls should be transferred back.

3. External calls can be automatically transferredvia the computer attendant console.

Intra-groupoutgoing calls

Extensions can be connected to inter-groupnumbers after the external access code is dialedwithout transfer by attendants. Extensions canbe restricted in inter-group call origination. Afterdialing the external indicating number, subscriberscan either dial numbers continuously or performdual-stage dialing (dial the subsequent numberafter hearing the dial tone). The specific mode canbe set as requires.

Call originationor acceptanceprohibited

Every extension can be set to prohibit callacceptance or origination.

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Phone set locking

Incoming calltransfer

For intra-group or inter-group calls, subscriberscan transfer incoming calls by means of pressingthe hookflash.

Intra-grouppick-up

Extensions within the same group can pick upincoming calls to any other extension of the group.

Assigned pickupcall

When extension A is ringing, extension B of thesame group can pick up the incoming calls toextension A.

Secretary service A secretary station can be designated to pick upcalls to superiors and call back.

Secretary stationservice

Generally, superiors of an enterprise do not wantto accept all calls. With this service, calls to themwill be first transferred to the secretary station,and then the secretary will ask the superior forinstructions whether to accept the call (in thiscase, callers will hear music).

Attendant Centrex subscriber groups can be set withattendants. The indicating number that aninter-group subscriber used to call the Centrexsubscriber group can be connected to theattendant of this group. Intra-group subscriberscan dial a specified number to call the attendant.

Attendant Login/Cancellation

Calls to the simple attendant console are queuedby the queuing machine. When the console logsin or exits, SS shall notify the VIC system whichnotifies the queuing machine to queue or cancelthe queuing.

Computer voiceattendant console

It can provide subscribers with voice promptsduring automatic call handling, and subscribersperform various service functions as prompted.

Emergencyoverride

Attendants are provided with the emergencyoverride function. With this function, thefollowing services of intra-group extensions can beoverridden and the extension subscribers can bedialed directly. The overriding services include calltransfer, absent subscriber service, do not disturband incoming call restriction on extensions.

Missing call query With this service, the system will give the numberof missing calls in voice announcements whensubscribers pick up phones. Subscribers can querythe time and number of missing calls accordingto voice navigation.

Closed user group Only intra-group calls are allowed. Suchsubscribers cannot call the ones outside the group.

Abbreviateddialing

Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

Calleridentification

Display the number of incoming call on the LCDof the phone.

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Hotline Provide immediate hotline and delayed hotline.

Outgoing callscreening

Add a level to the user rights: inter-groupoutgoing call screening.

Do not disturb Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

Alarm clockservice

Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

Interceptionservice

When a subscriber calls a vacant number, thecalled number has changed, the route is blockedtemporarily or the subscriber uses the serviceinappropriately, such calls will be interceptedautomatically and forwarded to the answer-agentdevice.

Call waiting Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

Malicious callstracing

1. The calling number can be traced within 30seconds after the caller hangs up.

2. If the caller does not hang up, the called cancontinue to talk to the caller after tracing thecalling number.

3. The calling number can be either intra-groupor inter-group.

Forwardingunconditionally

Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

Forwarding onbusy

Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

Call forwardingon no reply

Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

Recall on busy Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

Three-wayconnection

Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

Call parking onbusy

Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

Absent subscriberservice

Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

Conference call Refer to the Primary PSTN Voice Services andSupplementary Services topic for details.

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Mixed group(SHLR)

The group data is configured on one or more thanone SHLR, the lengths of full numbers and shortnumbers are consistent. For the local users inthe group, SoftSwitch can translate full numbersand short numbers based on the VLR data, andcarry out the service connection control on thetranslated full numbers. For users of other officesin the group, SoftSwitch can send the SRI requestof the short number to SHLR, and then SHLRreturns the corresponding full number to theSoftSwitch. Based on the full numbers, SoftSwitchcarries out the service connection control.

Mixed group(SHLR and SCP)

The group data is configured on SHLR and SCP.When the SoftSwitch queries the short numberrouting from SHLR, SHLR returns the access code+ short number if there is no the correspondingfull number. SoftSwitch triggers it to SCP afterreceiving the returned message.

No outgoinggroup prefix

When a user in the group call a user out of thegroup, no outgoing group prefix might be carried(SHLR configures a group without the outgoinggroup prefix with C, D, or E).

Group selected bytwo tandems

This is the continuous selection or optimumselection for the group selected by two tandems.Because the status of users between two tandemsdoes not synchronize, the two tandems mightselect the same user, and therefore, anothertandem fails.

Small switchgroup (with pilotline number)

When working as a caller, the caller numbers ofthe terminal office group are the same one, that is,the pilot line. When working as a called, only thepilot line is the called number. When the tandemoffice handles the pilot line, the tandem office canmake a call to the pilot line or accept the call madeby the pilot line even the pilot line is busy.

Cross-Domainattendant consoleinsertion

An attendant, in the “Insert access code + Callednumber” mode, notifies the SoftSwitch of insertingthe specified user. If the insertion is successful,three parties perform the triple talks and selectwhether listen to the insert prompt tone.

Cross-Domainattendant consolelistening

An attendant, in the “Listen access code + Callednumber” mode, notifies the SoftSwitch of listeningthe specified user.

Cross-Domainattendant consoleemergencyoverride

When user A activates services such as DoNot Disturb, forwarding unconditionally, andincoming call restriction, the attendant canoverride the mentioned services and call user Ain the “Emergency override access code + callednumber” mode.

Cross-Domainattendant consoleforced release

When user A is talking, the attendant can breakdown the undergoing talk in the “Forced releaseaccess code + called number” mode. At the sametime, user A directly talks to OPR.

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Alarm clockinformationnotification(notify theattendantconsole)

SoftSwitch need notify the attendant consoleof the following information of users in thegroup: Register alarm clock, Cancel alarm clock,Successful wake-up, Failed wake-up, Wake-upfrequency. In thus a way, the attendant can obtainthe alarm clock situation and manually performthe failed wake-up.

Subscriber StatusQuery

An attendant can query the user status in theprocessable group, including Busy, Free, andBlock. SoftSwitch need tell whether the attendantallows the query of the user status and returnsthe current status.

Login and logoutnotification of thesimple attendantconsole

Calls to the simple attendant console are uniformlyqueued by the automatic call distributor (ACD);therefore SoftSwitch need notify the attendantconsole of logins and logouts. Then, the attendantconsole notifies the ACD of in-line or out-of-line.

Incoming/Out-going simple at-tendant consoleand simple at-tendant consolerelease notifica-tion

When services such as incoming/outgoing simpleattendant console, simple attendant consolerelease and call forwarding are performed,SoftSwitch need notify the attendant console toupdate the queue status.

Call back onautomaticattendant consoleforwarding failure

After the automatic attendant console is activated,a user dials the pilot line to access the automaticattendant console and then dials the extensionnumber. If the extension has no response oris busy, the call goes back to the console andprompts the failure.

Conversionfrom automaticattendant consoleto standardattendant consoleon not dialing

If a caller calls the voice attendant console butdoes not dial for a long time (by default theduration is 15 seconds), the call is transferred tomanual attendant console.

Announcementplayback onattendant consoletotal busy

When waiting queues of all the attendant consolesin a group are totally busy, this announcement isplayed to notify the next caller the busy situation.

Call back of theincoming call

Based on the configuration, when a user out of thegroup dials the full number of a user in the group,the call under one of the following conditions isdirectly transferred to the attendant console:

1. Dialing a full number in the group, the call isdirectly transferred to the manual attendantconsole.

2. Dialing a full number in the group, Do NotDisturb is activated by the user in the group.

3. Dialing a full number in the group, the user inthe group restricts the incoming call.

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Attendantpre-occupation

User A calls the attendant and demands to putthrough user B in the group. If the user B is busy,the attendant clicks the pre-occupation button,and user A listens to the ring back tone, then OPRexits the call. As soon as user B is free, B sideautomatically rings. User B can directly pick upthe phone to talk with user A.

CRBT Users in the group can subscribe the CRBT service.When ringing, the caller can listen to the CRBT.

IP Public PhoneZXSS10 SS1b can provide IP public phone services. According todifferent billing methods, we can divide IP public phone servicesinto two implementation types: compact and standard.

The compact IP public phone service uses the traditional meterin billing. The corresponding user port of IAD or AG is connectedwith the meter. When a conversation ends, the SoftSwitch controlequipment will tell IAD or AG to generate a polarity reversal pulseto provide for the connected meter for billing. This mode needsno configuration of extra device at the network side. Being sim-ple and quick in implementation, it is applicable to self-employedbusiness operators. However, the compact IP public phone is onlyapplicable to ordinary phones accessed via the IAD/AG and cannotbe applied to intelligent terminals and visual terminals. In addi-tion, its billing algorithm management is difficult and the chargingduration is incorrect. Therefore, it is recommended to apply thestandard billing mode to large-scale IP phones.

Figure 19 shows how the compact IP public phone is implemented.

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FIGURE 19 COMPACT IP PUBLIC PHONE

The standard IP public phone service belongs to the prepaid ser-vice of the SoftSwitch control equipment, whose subscribers areprepaid calling subscribers. During operation, it is necessary toconfigure corresponding equipment at the network and subscribersides. Its architecture is shown in Figure 20.

The network side or the public phone management center consistsof three parts: the management server, database and manage-ment position. Generally, the database and management servershare one PC server (hardware) platform; while the managementposition is an ordinary PC installed with management software.

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FIGURE 20 STANDARD IP PUBLIC PHONE

The management server can be taken as an AAA sever, which in-teracts with the SoftSwitch control equipment via the (Remote Au-thentication Dial-In User Service) RADIUS interface. When sub-scribers use the IP public phone service, their calls will be sent tothe management server of the public phone management centerby the SoftSwitch control equipment via the RADIUS interface forauthentication, authorization, and accounting. In addition, suchmanagement functions as real-time disconnection will be imple-mented for these calls according to the available balance of cus-tomers.

The management server also provides the data storage function.It can save the data configuration information, charging config-uration information and generated accounting information of thepublic phone bar. It implements centralized management for op-eration positions of various business halls, distributes information(e.g. real-time CDR transmission) to various operation positions,and responds to the operations of operation positions (e.g. pre-paid deposit setting and billing query statistics).

The management position provides such centralized managementfunctions as data configuration, accounting setting and operationstatistics for public phone bars. It functions as follows:

1. Support the login of a super administrator.2. Supports management and setting of public phone bars and

their equipment3. Make and query business statistics of all public phone bars and

provides reports for settlement.

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4. Support unified charge rate and charge algorithm, as well asdifferent charge rates and algorithms for different bars.

5. Monitor the operation of phone bars in real-time.

At the subscriber side, it is necessary to configure the operationposition and the corresponding terminals. The operation positioninteracts with the central management server, implementing someclient management functions (e.g. prepaid deposit setting andinstant charging). In addition, it controls the IAD at business hallsvia the standard SNMP interface and performs such functions asphone locking/unlocking and phone status display.

The standard IP public phone is applicable to terminals of anytypes, including ordinary phones accessed via the IAD/AG, andintelligent terminals and visual terminals, thus facilitating imple-mentation of unified management. It can be used widely in busi-ness halls providing integrated telecom services.

One IP public phone management center of the basic configurationcan manage 64 IP public phone bars simultaneously.

Traditional IntelligentServicesInterworking with the traditional IN equipment SCP, ZXSS10 SS1bprovides all traditional intelligent services, as listed in Table 11.

TABLE 11 TRADITIONAL INTELLIGENT SERVICES

Service Description

Account cardservice

It allows subscribers to make calls on any phonewithout paying cash. The charge is only recordedin a specified account.

Prepaid service It is an account card service with the callingnumber as the card number.

Telephoneadvertisementservice

Generally, a manufacturer applies for an ADtelephone number and then plays advertisementto users calling this number. After dialing thisnumber and listening to the advertisement,ordinary users can dial the phone number theywant to according to the voice prompt. In thiscase, the call is free of charge or the user paysonly part of the charge (The other part is paidby the manufacturer).

Centralizedpayment by thecalled

A service subscriber can provide a free phonenumber for callers. Then, the charge of allcalls of this number will be paid by the servicesubscriber.

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Service Description

All-in-one service The all-in-one service consists of callerauthentication single-stage dialing IP telephoneservice, dual-stage dialing IP telephone service,direct single-stage dialing toll service, dual-stagedialing toll telephone service and account cardnetwork access service etc.

Number portabilityservice

It allows a subscriber to remain the phonenumber as it is when the geographic locationchanges or the carrier providing telecom serviceschanges.

Universal personaltelecommunication

With a single Personal TelecommunicationNumber (PTN), the subscriber can have accessto any network, and originate/receive any kindof calls across multiple networks.

Telephone paymentservice

It refers to such commercial payment acts aspaying the electricity charge, water charge orcall charge via the telephone.

Televoting It is the polling service via telephone networks.

VPN service It allows service subscribers to set up their ownprivate networks in use of the public network.These private networks can have their own codesand override regions or countries.

Telephonesecurities

Subscribers can conduct such operations astrading and querying securities or modifyingpasswords via any dual tone telephone.

Receiving endnetwork accessservice

When a subscriber of a telecom network (e.g.a fixed phone subscriber) makes a toll to asubscriber of another telecom network e.g. amobile subscriber), the current originating endnetwork access is changed to receiving networkaccess.

Number changenotification service

The number change notification service providessubscribers with number change prompts.

Toll grooming onbusy

When there is a toll for a local subscriber, andthe subscriber is in conversation with anotherlocal subscriber, a prompt is inserted into theconversation, reminding the former subscriberthat there is a toll. The called subscriber canselect to continue the talking or to receive thetoll in precedence.

Telephone paymentservice

The telephone payment service enablessubscribers to perform bill query and paymentvia the telephone.

Bank cardtelephone

It allows subscribers to make calls at any phonewithout paying cash. In this case, the charge isrecorded in the specified account and the bill ispaid through the bank card.

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Service Description

Called paymentservice

The caller dials the specified access code of calledpayment service, and then the called number.The system gives a voice notification to thecalled to tell whether the called accept the call.If the called agrees to pay the call (determinedthrough the voice interaction), the system putsthrough the called. This bill is on the accountof the called.

Display of POTSterminal bill of theterminal office

After the terminal office user subscribesthe instant bill display service on the SHLR,SoftSwitch triggers the SCP service when theterminal office user initiates the call. SCPbalances the bill of this call. After the call, SCPrequests the SoftSwitch for an attempt call thatcarries the bill information along with the callernumber. SoftSwitch sends the IAM call requestwith which the caller number is bill informationto the terminal office user. The terminal displaysthe bill information as the caller identification.

F3G Intelligent ServicesInterconnecting with the IN equipment and SHLR, ZXSS10 SS1bprovides unique ZTE services besides all traditional intelligent ser-vices. The service mode is called fixed network 3G service.

The notability of the fixed network 3G intelligent services is the in-troduction of SHLR, where subscriber data or part subscriber datais saved.

Due to the co-existence of SoftSwitch network and PSTN (LS ex-change), the introduction of SHLR separates the Directory Number(DN) from the routing function completely. The introduction of Lo-cation Routing Number (LRN) leads to two numbers:

1. DN, also called logic number, is a unique number assigned tothe subscriber by the carrier. It is also the number the sub-scriber tells others. When the subscriber acts as the callingparty, DN is the calling number displayed for the called party.

When the subscriber acts as the called, the DN is the numberdialed by the calling party. DN is also the number used by thecarrier for subscriber identification and billing.

2. LRN, also called subscriber physical number or subscriber linenumber, is a routing number assigned by the operation to thesubscriber. The number is not publicly known. It is an internalnetwork number.

The number corresponds to a port or a subscriber line of afixed switch. The switching equipment of the local networkcan address and locate the subscriber through this number.

Due to the introduction of SHLR and the separation of DN and LRN,the calling process has taken place great changes. The changesare as follows.

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1. In making subscriber data or in subscriber’s transition, SHLRinserts the subscriber attributes, and the LRN and DN data intothe SS.

2. The LS subscriber adopts the immediate hotline or ordinary callto direct all subscribers’ calls to SS + SG. The calling numberin the sent message is the calling LRN, and the call number isthe called DN.

3. Embedded with the VLR function, SS corresponds to LRN andDN according to the HLR insertion command. After receivingthe LS call, SS converts the DN according to the calling LRN,and the call authentication process is performed.

4. In the conversion of SS, if the location of the calling subscriberis found changed, supplementary service operation is made,or the data is not reliable, a location update request will beoriginated to the SHLR to regain the correspondence betweenthe DN and the LRN.

5. SS is converted to LRN according to DN, and the call is directedto LS where the called LRN is according to the called LRN.

6. In the conversion of SS, if the data of the called subscriberdoes not exist or the data is not reliable, a routing request willbe originated to the SHLR to get the correspondence betweenDN and LRN.

If the signaling link between SS and SHLR is faulty, SS cannotquery callee outside its domain on SHLR. By data configuration,the following can be selected: Connect the callee by originalcallee number or release the call.

SS is added with the Connect by original number if SHLR isfaulty on-off option. By default, the flag is checked. If SS findsthat SHLR is unreachable, it will perform the number analysis ac-cording to the original number to connect the call. If the flag isnot checked, SS releases the call directly if SHLR is unreachable.

Hybrid Number AssignmentServiceHybrid number assignment is to make the number resource plan-ning for subscribers in the local networks, including the NGN, PSTNand PHS networks. DN the subscriber dials has no direct relationwith the service network and home location. One number can beused in the PHS and fixed networks freely.

With the development of number resource scarcity and the hy-brid number assignment service, the usage rate of numbers willincrease for a full usage of number segments.

The subscriber data of hybrid number assignment are usuallymaintained in SHLR. DN (or MSISDN) is fixed for subscribers. LRN(or MSRN) is updated according to the actual network location.

The ZTE intelligent solution plans unified SHLR to store the sub-scriber data of the NGN, PSTN and PHS networks in a centralizedway. Therefore, unified hybrid number assignment can be madein the NGN, PSTN and PHS networks.

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The implementation principle of ZTE fixed network 3G hybrid num-ber assignment is shown in Figure 21. The calls of subscribersparticipating in hybrid number assignment must be all transited tothe TG or MS, with all subscriber data stored in the SHLR.

FIGURE 21 HYBRID NUMBER ASSIGNMENT APPLICATION

WAN Centrex ServicesBased on the local Centrex service, the WAN Centrex service ex-tends to a wider application scale. The subscriber group can over-ride multiple local switches and different service networks, whilethe data maintenance is performed in SHLR. Compared with theservice development in IN network, both maintenance and imple-mentation of WAN Centrex are more convenient. As a result, thealternative routing of massive voice channels is avoided. More-over, the Centrex service can organize a virtual network for thePHS subscribers and fixed network subscribers, implementing thecommunication among them via dialing the PHS subscriber num-ber or short number of the fixed network subscriber.

Besides the whole suite of traditional PSTN Centrex services suchas closing subscriber group, answering for same group member,specified answering and attendant console, WAN Centrex providesWeb-based management and service self-assistance. For exam-ple, the administrator can set different authorities for every tele-phone over the Web page. In some cases, the local call authorityis given for the workplace telephone, the long-distance call au-thority is given for functional departments and offices of leaders,the international call authority is given to the foreign affair depart-ment, or ordinary staff is only given the right to make internal calls.Besides the setting of dialing authority, the charge threshold canbe set to each phone. In this sense, enterprises can effectivelycontrol the business cost. All functions can be easily set by theadministrator over the Web page. Besides, over the Web page,employees can query the conversion history and communicationexpenses, customize and cancel services.

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Number Portability (NP)The NP service in the 3G fixed network is similar to the unified Per-sonal Number (PN) in the existing network, but the implementa-tion method differs greatly. The unified PN in the existing networkadopts the SCP for implementation, thus leading to inconveniencyand alternative routes. The use of SHLR implements PN in the lo-cal network in a real sense, and is free of alternative routes.

In the local network, as the logical number of the subscriber hasnothing to do with his physical location. He can move freely withPN within the scope of the local network, not restricted by areaplanning. Once the subscriber makes service registry on the phoneset, and the SHLR will change the LRN corresponding to the sub-scriber logical number. In this way, the PN is implemented, andthe subscriber attributes are moved to the new location automat-ically. Thus, the service management is convenient.

This service is applicable to persons on constant move, which en-ables them to have a unique number. It is used in conjunctionwith the prepayment service, preventing malicious delinquency.It is also applicable to the store that often change the location buthope to keep the same contact number. In the case of frequentcity reconstruction, it solves large-scale PN problem.

During service development, the original number of a subscribercan be moved from one place to another, with no need to change.That is, the number has nothing to do with the location of thesubscriber.

Pre-paid ServiceFor this service, subscriber must first prepay an appropriateamount at subscription (or charge the number account by pur-chasing the pre-paid phone card). When a call is connected, thesubscriber account decides whether to accept or refuse the call.The call is charged real-timely in the process of conversation andthe call charge is deducted from that prepayment. When theprepaid amount is used up, the system plays the announcementfor the subscriber to remind of the payment for continuous serviceprovisioning.

Traditionally, the caller is required to dial the access code of thepre-paid service or the caller switch is required to identify that thecaller is a pre-paid service subscriber. In this sense, the accesscode of the pre-paid service is automatically added to the calleenumber. Since SHLR is being used, the caller switch can triggerthe pre-paid service very easily.

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PHS Hotel ServicePHS Hotel service, often used for a hotel, is intended to use thePHS subscriber and the fixed subscriber to create a virtual internet,which is uniformly managed and charged in the real-time mode bythe traffic console of a fixed switch. The PHS has the same numberas its bound fixed phone. No matter whether the PHS subscriberor the fixed subscriber originates a call, the same caller number isdisplayed. For a hotel, the long number or hotel exchange numberplus room short number is optional. As other subscriber calls anumber, the two phone sets can ring at the same time. If onehooks off, the other one stops ringing.

The hotel traffic console can manage the fixed subscriber and thePHS subscriber in the rooms in a hotel, including modifying au-thority, using service, activating part of new services and queryingservices.

Thus, as a customer lives in a hotel, he/she can rent a public net-work PHS terminal. The PHS authority can flexibly be controlledat the hotel side. The rental PHS terminal adopts the real-timecharging. When the call ends, its CDR will be sent to the trafficconsole at the hotel side in the real-time mode so as to carry con-veniently out the settlement between the hotel and the subscriber.

Callee CRBTThe CRBT service is set by the callee. When a call goes to thecallee, before pick-up, the caller is played with a piece of music,advertisement or message recorded by the callee. At the mo-ment, what the caller heard is not the flat beep but the CRBT setin the system by the callee. The personalized CRBT is preset bythe callee. It might be the ring tone or music offered by the sys-tem, voice file recorded in advance by the callee via the IN systemor voice file downloaded in advance by the callee to the IN sys-tem. At present, the CRBT service is already offered by the PHSnetwork. With the help or addition of the CRBT system, the fixednetwork subscriber can register the value-added ring back tonecustomization, meeting the personalized requirements and pro-moting the business income of the operators. If SHLR managesthe subscriber data of the local network, the CRBT service infor-mation registered by the callee can be stored in SHLR. When thecallee is called, the CRBT service attributes or CRBT service accesscode can be returned to SS, which triggers the service to the ser-vice platform.

Caller CRBTCaller CRBT allows users to set their preferred CRBT. When thecaller makes a call and the called rings, the caller can hear the setCRBT instead of the CRBT of called. The CRBT service informationsubscribed by the caller is stored in the SHLR. When the specified

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called is called, the CRBT service attributes or access code is re-turned to the SoftSwitch. SoftSwitch triggers the service to theservice platform.

At present, caller CRBT is realized in the following two modes:

� SCP control mode

� Switch dual-call mode

Caller CRBT and called CRBT share the same processing mode,only the service access codes are different.

Non-Personalized CRBTExcept the caller CRBT and called CRBT, ZXSS10 SS1b can alsoprovide the non-personalized CRBT service. This service is appliedto the user group that requires CRBT but not frequently changesthe tone. Non-personalized CRBT is offered by the ZXMSG 9000media server.

One Number Multiple-PhoneThe One Number Multiple-Phone services mean a public numbercan be shared by multiple subscriber numbers. Here, the multiplesubscriber numbers are selected in turn. Ringing one by one orringing at the same time can be selected. The One Number Mul-tiple-Phone services cover One Number Two-Phone, One NumberThree-Phone and Same Number Service. The One Number Two-Phone subscriber owns a fixed telephone and a PHS phone at thesame time, that is, the fixed telephone and the PHS phone sharethe same number. When a call comes to the number, both ring.When a call goes from them, only one number is presented. Thedetailed service description is as follows: One Number Two-Phonemeans one number (unified number) is configured to two physicalterminals (PHS phone and PSTN phone). For the subscriber, thereare two physical terminals but only one number is given. OneNumber Two-Phone has the following functions:

1. When a call comes in, the two physical terminals configuredwith the One Number Two-Phone number ring at the sametime. The subscriber can pick up any of the physical termi-nal. None of the pick-up is charged.

2. When a call goes out, the subscriber can make the call on anyof the terminal. The caller number presented for the callee isthe One Number Two-Phone number. The number is charged.

3. If one of the two One Number Two-Phone physical terminalsmakes a call going to another terminal by dialing the One Num-ber Two-Phone number, another terminal rings and can be an-swered. The caller number presented for the callee is the OneNumber Two-Phone number. The number is charged.

4. If one of the two One Number Two-Phone physical terminals isin a conversation, another terminal can make a call or acceptthe incoming call.

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IP-based Value-AddedServiceThe NGN-based unified service platform (Product model: ZXUP10)is a platform developed by the ZTE according to the new ser-vice generation specifications in the NGN system. Using the OpenService Access (OSA) standard architecture for a reference, theZXUP10, based on the establishment of the unified and open ser-vice platform, separates the service deployment and the bearernetwork as the independent part. This move is favorable for thethird party service provider to participate in developing the ser-vice; it can promote the interworking of multiple networks and therapid deployment of new customization services. Additionally, thiscan provide service for the PSTN, NGN and 3G subscribers. TheZXUP10, ZTE NGN unified service platform, can externally providethe open, standard, PARLAY Application Program Interface (API).

ZXSS10 SS1b can interwork with the ZTE application serverZXUP10 to provide the IP-based value-added service listed inTable 12.

TABLE 12 IP-BASED VALUE-ADDED SERVICES

Service Description

Clickingdialing

Subscribers can originate calls by clicking phonenumbers on the WEB page.

WEB 800 It is a kind of WEB-based called payment service.In this case, calls are originated from PCs while theinformation input and selection are via the WEB page.Service subscribers manage their own informationthrough Web pages, and administrators manageservice subscribers through Web pages.

WEBconference

It is a WEB-based conference telephone service. Theconference information is displayed on the WEB page.The conference chairperson makes a reservationfor the conference via the WEB page and conductreal-time management on the conference. There aretwo modes for conference members to participatein the conference: convergence and divergence. Inaddition, conference requests are submitted to thechairperson via the WEB page.

Accountingcard

It allows subscribers to make calls at any phonewithout paying cash. In this case, the call charge isrecorded in the specified account

Unifiedmessage

It means to digitalize the voice information, electronicinformation (e.g.: e-mails) and text information(e.g. fax) and save them in the same format. Theinformation can be sent with any one in the followingtools: e-mail, fax, voice mail, MS and telephone. Afterbeing transformed and transmitted, the informationwill be saved in the central mailbox of the systemunifiedly. While receivers can connect to the systemserver with any tool at any moment and placeconveniently to them and acquire needed information.

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Service Description

One numberlinks you

The subscribers can access any network andoriginate/receive any kinds of calls across multiplenetworks with the ONLY personal communicationnumber (PTN). According to requirements ofsubscribers, the personal communication number canbe translated into a specific communication numberand connect incoming calls to a specified place withoutbeing affected by geographical locations.

CRBT After registering the CRBT service, subscribers cantrigger this service and play RBT for the calling partywhen receiving a call.

Voicemailbox

Visitors can leave messages for system subscribers andthe latter can hear these messages. In addition, thisservice allows subscribers to manage their personalbulletins and let any visitor to hear their voices.Subscribers are allowed to conduct personal setting,including setting the login password and welcomewords.

The ZTE unified service platform hardware comprises the Parlaygateway and the Application Server (App Server). Additionally, theTTS server and the media server can be configured as required.

1. Parlay gateway

PARLAY gateway interacts with the SoftSwitch control equip-ment via SIP and allocates appropriate protocols to calls fromthe SoftSwitch control equipment. It can also directly controlthe media server, provide calls with various media resourcesneeded in the services and charge the relevant services. Inaddition, the PARLAY gateway can provide the API interfacefor the application server (it can be the application server of athird party).

2. Application server

The application server can run various intelligent services. Theselection of mini computers or servers is based on the logiccomplexity of services. The application server is responsible forthe logic execution and management of various value-addedservices and intelligent services. It interacts with the PARLAYgateway via PARLAY/CORBA Application Programming Inter-face (API).

3. Media server

Media server is an independent device that provides specializedmedia resources in the SoftSwitch system. It is also an impor-tant device in the Next Generation Network (NGN). It providesthe media processing function in primary and value-added ser-vices, including collection and coding of DTMF signals, gen-eration and sending of signal tones, sending of recorded an-nouncements, conference and conversion between coding anddecoding algorithms, and other resources functions as well ascommunication function and management maintenance func-tion.

Application server of the third party can use API provided byZXUP10 for service development. It can also interact with thePARLAY gateway directly via PARLAY/CORBA and then interact

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with the SoftSwitch control equipment via the PARLAY gateway.Moreover, it can support independent service development andinteract with the SoftSwitch control equipment directly via SIP.

SoftDA ServiceIn the NGN, the most obvious feature is that the subscriber isreachable though IP address. In such favorable situation, the ZTEhas developed the SoftDA service on the basis of the Parlay gate-way software platform.

The SoftDA service has utilized the IP to improve the service ca-pacity of previous common telephones. Replying on voice appli-cation, the service, based on the SIP, can set up individual portalsto provide all types of data assistant services, with the data beingsupplementary.

The SoftDA service includes Click To Dial (CTD), click to confer-ence, Click To Fax (CTF), network number directory, call recordsand message summary, intelligent call, intelligent routing, Pres-ence, application sharing and other functions. It can provide thesubscriber with a whole digital communication platform.

The subscribers of the SoftDA service are the medium or high-endones who possess some knowledge of computers and network ap-plication. Aiming at the major customers and the commercial sub-scribers, this service needs more favorable communication envi-ronment to improve its efficiency. The SoftDA service is popular-ized in the group users as the data Virtual Private Network (VPN).

The SoftDA service includes:

1. Login number

When logging in to the SoftDA service, the subscriber can binda number to a PC, a telephone set, or a mobile phone. Thesubscriber will make or receive calls at that number.

2. Status display

After login to the SoftDA service, a subscriber can view thestatus information (online, busy, off, answering a call, and soon) of his friends; likewise, his friends can view his status in-formation.

3. Calling a friend

The subscriber can make a call to one of his online friends. Thecalled party can answer the call at the number bound at thetime of login.

4. Making calls

The subscriber can dial a fixed-line number or a mobile phonenumber with the dial-pad on the SoftDA interface.

5. Conference call

The subscriber can convene a teleconference with several se-lected friends or called parties.

6. One number links you (ONLY)

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A subscriber can activate the ONLY function and integrate sev-eral numbers into one strategically. As a result, if an incomingcall arrives when the subscriber is off, the call will be forwardedto a mobile phone or other telephone set as set by the sub-scriber.

7. CRBT

A subscriber can set customized ring-back tone. When makinga call to the subscriber, the caller will hear the ring-back toneset by the subscriber instead of the monotonous beep sound.

8. Instant message

Two online SoftDA service subscribers can start the instant con-versation, namely, send and receive instant messages in theform of text.

9. File transfer

Two online SoftDA service subscribers can transfer files eachother.

10.Call information record and summary

A subscriber can view his own call information in a certain pe-riod of time in the past, comprising received calls and missingcalls.

11.Unified Message Service (UMS)

A subscriber may adopt the UMS service to communicate withother subscribers. The UMS service can be employed in differ-ent forms, like mail, short message and telephone.

12.Video calling (optional)

The SoftDA service supports video calling function. Two partiesin a conversation can see each other.

Multimedia ServiceMultimedia service integrates image, voice and data, like video-conference, two-point video communication, voice interworking(between videoconferencing terminal, telephone, handset andother voice terminals), video office collaboration and remote mon-itoring. Multimedia services as new strategic services launched bythe telecom operators come next after voice and data services.

In the IP network, the provision of multiple multimedia applica-tions such as videoconference, two-point video communication,interworking with the voice terminal, video office collaboration hasbecome the goal of the communication network development. TheSoftSwitch platform is the best network platform to reach suchgoal.

Taking ZXSS10 SS1b as the core, multimedia service can be real-ized via SHLR and MCU as follows:

� Multiparty video conference

� Two-point video communication

� Voice interworking service

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� All-in-one digital assistant service

Web Call ServiceThe Web Call service provided by ZXUP10 is the Web-based callservice, which is the call originates from the Web page. Using thisservice, subscribers can perform the PC To Phone and PC To PCfunctions. As a subscriber originates a call by clicking the callednumber on the Web page and the call connects, the calling partyand the called party enter the conversation status. While main-taining the call service for the subscribers, the Web Call service ofthe ZXUP10 also provides powerful and flexible billing modes, forexample, deduction from account card, discount by time section.The Web Call service can provide video call function, and set dif-ferent charging rates according to the video functions.

The description of the Web Call service features is as follows:

1. Primary call

A subscriber can originate a call to a fixed-line phone or mobilephone, or soft terminal on the Web.

2. Video call

A subscriber can originate a video call to a video phone or softterminal to support the video function. A subscriber can switchoff or switch on the video function. The system adopts differentcharging policies according to the possibility of using the videofunction by the subscriber in the conversation.

3. Call reservation

A subscriber can enter the card number and password on theWeb page to reserve a call. Both the calling number and thecalled number are common telephone numbers; the call time isset by the subscriber. At a given point, the system will respec-tively call these two telephone sets. Thus, the call betweensuch two telephones occurs.

4. Familiarity number

A subscriber can set a familiarity number. During dialing thisnumber, he or she can enjoy certain preferential charging rate.

5. Fax

A subscriber can easily send the fax via the Web page.

Web 800 ServiceThe Web 800 service is a free phone service provided by theZXUP10.

It’s a new multimedia service representing the charging perfor-mance. Its major feature is that some service subscribers pay forthe calls connected to them instead of the calling subscribers. Theservice is originated from a PC. Through Web pages, information

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is entered and selected. Moreover, a call is finished. Service sub-scribers manage their own information through Web pages, andadministrators manage service subscribers through Web pages.

1. Use of service

A subscriber can select a 800 service subscriber that he needsand department number through Web pages enters his owntelephone number, and click to implement the function. Thesubscriber can also enter numbers of 800 service subscribersthat he knows to implement the function.

2. Charging

Service subscribers instead of calling subscribers are chargedfor the service.

3. Service data management

Service subscribers can manage their own attributes throughWeb pages. For example, they can modify routes or changepasswords.

4. Subscriber management

Administrators can manage the data of service subscribersthrough Web pages, which include generation of subscribers,modification on subscriber data, and removal of subscriberdata.

5. Unique number

It means that service subscribers can register only a Web 800number if they have multiple public telephone numbers. Thecalls dialing this only number can be connected to different des-tinations according to the requirements of service subscribers.For example, the call can be connected to different destina-tions according to the originating area.

6. Call forwarding on busy/no answer

A subscriber can define multiple destination numbers. When adestination number is busy in case of a call on busy/no answer,the call is forwarded to next destination number.

7. Barring for calling

It means the service subscriber can accept only the calls fromsome areas while barring those from other areas; or he canbar the calls from some areas while accepting those from otherareas.

8. Select the destination location according to department num-ber

It means that service subscribers can correspond to telephonenumbers of different destinations according to different depart-ment numbers.

9. Selecting the destination by the caller location

It means the calls to the service subscriber are routed by callerlocation.

10. Time route

It means that a service subscriber can set the time period tocorrespond to the destination telephone number. In a timeperiod, the calls to the service subscriber will be connected to

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the destination telephone number that corresponds to the timeperiod.

11. Temporary route

Service subscribers can set the temporary route for a destina-tion telephone. Calls to the telephone will be transferred to theset temporary number.

12. Password access

Service subscribers can register password for incoming calls.Only after entering correct incoming call passwords, callingsubscribers can originate calls normally. Each service sub-scriber has a management password. To enable the manage-ment function, the subscriber needs to enter the correct man-agement password.

13.Management function

Service subscribers can manage their own attributes throughtelephone, for example, they can add, delete, modify, query,prohibit, or permit a number, activate, deactivate, prohibit, andpermit a list, modify a temporary route, or change the pass-word.

Web Conference ServiceThe Web conference, developed by the ZXUP10, is a new ser-vice aiming at multiple networks. It is also a Web-based confer-ence telephone service. Invoking the Parlay API provided by theZXUP10 to develop multimedia conference for realizing the servicelogic, the subscriber can attend the Web conference via soft ter-minal, common telephone set, SIP hard terminal, handset and soon.

The conference chairman reserves conferences through Web pagesand manages conferences in the real time. Conference informationis displayed through Web pages.

Conference members attend conferences in the convergence modeor divergence mode.

The conference members can also hold sub-conferences during aconference. They request for sub-conference through Web pagesand submit the request to the chairman. Sub-conferences can beheld only after the chairman approved the request.

The sub-conference function enables conference attendants to dis-cuss by groups. It is very resilient and convenient.

1. Prepaid function

Web conference can be a kind of prepaid service.

The sum is recorded on the conference card. The card bearer isnot entitled to reserve and convene a conference if there is notenough balance on the card. The conference charges are com-posed of the following parts: telephone conversation charges,conference charges, and conference reservation charges. Thecard bearer can query the conference card, and recharge theconference card with a rechargeable card.

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2. Conference chairman

As a subscriber holding the conference card, the conferencechairman is entitled to reserve the conference, to modify andquery the reserved conference.

According to the responses to the conference notification, theconference chairman can determine whether to convene a con-ference and manage the ongoing conference.

3. Conference member

Conference members refer to those invited to attend a confer-ence by the chairman. A conference member can attend theconference in the convergence mode or divergence mode.

4. Administrator

There are two types of administrators: system administra-tor and common administrator. The system administrator canmanage common administrators, and common administratormanages conferences.

5. Conference participating mode

Conference members attend conferences in the convergencemode or divergence mode. The convergence mode meanswhen it is time to begin the conference, the conference mem-bers dial the conference access codes, and input the confer-ence numbers and conference passwords to access the con-ference. Divergence mode means when it is time to begin theconference, the system calls the members automatically, whowill access the conference after hooking off. In a conference,these two modes can coexist.

6. Conference reservation

The conference chairman can reserve conferences. Fill in theconference start time, end time, number of attendees, con-ference members. For a conference convened in a divergencemode, the telephone numbers of the conference membersshould be filled in; for a conference convened in a convergencemode, the conference number and the conference passwordshould be announced to the conference members. The reser-vation result can be obtained after the chairman submits thereservation.

7. Real-time management of chairman

After a conference starts, the chairman can manage the con-ference in the real time. The chairman can see the dynamicconference status, who are present and who are absent. Thechairman is entitled to delete someone who is present in theconference by clicking on the web page, or add an attendee tothe conference by completing the member information, clickingit and calling the attendee in a divergence mode. The attendeewill be added to the conference after going off-hook.

8. Displaying the conference status dynamically

The chairman can see the dynamic progress of the conferenceand perform corresponding operations. The conference mem-bers can see the status of the conference and request to joinor exit the sub-conference.

9. Sub-conference function

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Conference members can request to join or exit the sub-con-ference.

The application can be submitted through Web pages. Theapplication will be displayed after submission on the chairman’sWeb page. Thus, the chairman will accordingly execute thenext operation. The chairman is entitled to add some memberto the sub-conference or delete him or her.

10. Password access

When being added to the conference in the convergence mode,the conference member is authenticated with the conferencepassword. This facilitates the conference convening and en-sures that the attendees come at invitation.

After exiting halfway, the conference member can join the con-ference again in the convergence mode.

11.Multiple call attempts

For subscribers joining the conference in the divergence mode,the chairman can make multiple call attempts on busy or noreply, so as to ensure his/her presence.

12.Address book

The chairman can create his own address book, and add com-mon attendees to the book. When scheduling a conference,the chairman can directly select the conference members fromthe address book.

Unified Messaging Service(UMS)The UMS service provided by the ZXUP10 is intended for individualsubscribers. It offers a unified data platform for various terminals,integrating voice, data, and fax services and eliminating commu-nication barriers caused by the differences between terminals. Itdigitizes information in different forms, such as voice information,electronic information (email, for example), and characters (fax,for example), and stores them in a unified form, enabling the com-munication between subscribers of different terminals.

The information can be sent with any of the following tools: e-mail,fax, voice mail, Mobile Station (MS) and telephone. After beingtransformed, the information will be saved in the central mailboxof the system. Receivers can connect to the system server withany tool (from telephone, PC, fax, and MS), at any moment, andin any place convenient to obtain the needed information.

1. Primary function

A subscriber can use any of the following terminals: telephoneset, fax machine, email terminal, WWW browser, WAP termi-nal, SMS terminal.

The system can generate information in any of the followingforms: WAV file, TIFF file, TEXT file, emails, and short mes-sages.

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2. Information storage

� Leaving a telephone message

The existing voice mailbox function keeps unchanged. Thiscomprises actively leaving a message by the subscriber,leaving a message in the auto answer mode and leaving amessage by bulletin owner.

� Email service provision UMS

It provides subscribers with email service. With the emailbox provided by the system, a subscriber can receive emailmessages forwarded by other email servers or send emailmessages through the WWW.

� Sending a fax

The fax service provided by the existing voice mailboxkeeps unchanged. It can send, receive, and store faxes.

� WWW browser

A subscriber can send mails through the Web service of theUMS system.

� Short message

The short message function is implemented through con-nection with the Short Message Center (SMC). In general,short message media are used for media notification andthey cannot be stored.

3. Message notification

� Message notification by telephone

When a voice, fax or Email message is added to the UMSmailbox of a subscriber, the system will inform the mailboxowner of the new message by calling the designated tele-phone number of the owner.

� Message notification by email

When a voice or fax message is added to the mailbox of asubscriber, the system will send the notification messagein the email mode to the Email address designated by themailbox owner.

� Message notification by pager

When a voice, fax or Email message is added to the UMSmailbox of a subscriber, the system will inform the mailboxowner of the new message by originating the pager notifi-cation.

� Message notification by short message

When a voice, fax or Email message is added to the UMSmailbox of a subscriber, the system will send the notifica-tion message in the short message mode to the handsetdesignated by the mailbox owner.

4. Message retrieval

� Message retrieval by telephone

This mode can be used to retrieve voice mail messages andEmail.

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� Message retrieval by WWW browser

This mode can be used to retrieve all types of messages.With regard to Email, the POP3/SMTP protocol can be di-rectly connected to the Email server to receive/send Emailmessages. For voice retrieval, the Web Server is used tovisit the database of subscriber messages. After the voicemail messages are obtained, they can be downloaded viathe PC or played. The fax message can be downloaded viaPC and be displayed.

� Message retrieval by Fax

This mode can be used to retrieve the stored fax messagesin the voice mailbox and the stored Email messages in theUMS mailbox.

� Message retrieval by Email

This mode is used to send the voice or fax as an attachmentto the Email address designated by the subscriber.

� Message retrieval by short message

� In this mode, the voice can be sent in the voice shortmessage mode to the handset designated by the mailboxowner; the fax or Email can be transformed into text tosend to the designated handset.

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C h a p t e r 5

Networking Configuration

Table of ContentsOverview..........................................................................85Networking Mode...............................................................85Toll Network Solution .........................................................86Local Tandem Office Solution...............................................87Local Access Solution .........................................................88Hybrid Networking Mode.....................................................94System Configuration.........................................................94

OverviewThis chapter describes networking modes to exemplify connection,solution and detailed configurations of the product so that one canunderstand the networking capability, service capability and envi-ronment adaptation capability of the product.

Networking ModeZXSS10 SS1b supports various networking modes, which ischaracteristic of sound expansibility, powerful system processingcapability and complete product series. It can provide multiplenetworking modes according to different demands and networkenvironment. Therefore, it can meet requirements for not onlylarge-scale networking in telecom operation but also networkingof medium/small enterprises or even residential communities.

As a conclusion, ZXSS10 SS1b can provide networking modes fromC0 to C5, such as DC0, DC1 backbone network, DC2 (local-toll)tandem and local network (Class 5).

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Toll Network SolutionZXSS10 SS1b can provide networking mode of the backbonenetwork (Class 4), which is an early application mode of theSoftSwitch network. Figure 22shows the networking mode ofbackbone network.

The typical configuration of toll network is ZXSS10 SS1b + ZXMSG9000.

FIGURE 22 BACKBONE TOLL NETWORK SOLUTION (CLASS 4)

In the networking, ZXSS10 SS1b along with ZXMSG9000 works asthe toll office.

� As the control device, ZXSS10 SS1b is in charge of the callcontrol, resources allocation, billing management, and signal-ing protocol control.

� ZXMSG9000 works as SG and TG at the same time to inter-communicate with the local network through SS7.

� Between the ZXSS10 SS1b devices, the SIP-I protocol is usedto transfer the ISUP messages.

� The uniform service platform is used to serve users of thewhole network with various intelligent services. The standardSIP interface is used between the service platform and theSoftSwitch. The service platform uses the standard Parlay toquickly provide new services. In order to protect the existingintelligent network investment, the SS7 is used through SG tointerwork with the existing intelligent network. In this way, theoriginal intelligent network is inherited.

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Chapter 5 Networking Configuration

Local Tandem OfficeSolutionWith the development of technology, traditional operators paymore attention to NGN and mobile 3G. Traditional operators haverich experiences of running the PSTN network and broadbandservices, therefore have much PSTN and broadband resources.They must ponder over the following points:

� To develop the existing network and converge the approachingNGN and mobile 3G technologies.

� To make the fixed network “enjoy” the service platforms ofNGN and mobile 3G.

� To seamlessly move the fixed network users to the NGN andmobile 3G networks.

� In terms of the mobile 3G network, how to take full advantageof the existing merits of the fixed network at the very begin-ning, and how to improve the service quality.

� The uniform service platform is used to serve users of the wholenetwork with various intelligent services.

ZTE offers the local tandem office solution, namely, 3G networkbuilding solution of the fixed network, as shown in Figure 23.

FIGURE 23 LOCAL TANDEM OFFICE SOLUTION (CLASS 5 SOLUTION1)

The above solution can provide the local/toll telecom service inthe backbone data network, and obtain the interworking amongthe PSTN, IN, and services.

1. As the control device, ZXSS10 SS1b is in charge of the callcontrol, resources allocation, billing management, and signal-ing protocol control.

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2. If SS7 is used by PSTN, TG is in charge of the trunk accessof SS7, while SG is in charge of the adaptation of SS7 andconverting the circuit bearer into IP bearer.

If the PRI signaling system is used by PSTN, MG (TG) uniformlyprocesses the voice media and signaling. SG can be omitted.

In Figure 23, ZXMSG9000 and ZXMSG7200 work as SG and TGrespectively and also work as gateway office.

3. The uniform service platform is used to serve users of thewhole network with various intelligent services. The standardSIP interface is used between the service platform and theSoftSwitch. The service platform uses the standard Parlay toquickly provide new services. In order to protect the existingintelligent network investment, the SS7 is used through SG tointerwork with the existing intelligent network. In this way, theoriginal intelligent network is inherited.

4. In the local tandem networking mode, data of users of PSTN,PHS, and SoftSwitch can be stored to SHLR. SHLR is respon-sible for uniformly manage the data attributes of users in thewhole network. The core control device of SoftSwitch inter-works with SHLR through standard MAP protocol or MAP+ pro-tocol to obtain the user information.

� When the MAP protocol is used, data of users of PSTN, PHS,and SoftSwitch can be stored to SHLR. SHLR is responsiblefor uniformly manage the data attributes of users in thewhole network. The trigger mode of the intelligent servicein original networks such as PSTN is converted from num-ber segment trigger to subscription trigger. In this way,new services hardly being provided by existing networksare realized, especially services such as number porting,mixed number launch, and fixed network CRBT.

LS users adopt the instant hotline or common calling todirect calls of all the users at SS+SG/TG.

SS has the built-in VLR function. It couples LRN and DNaccording to the instruction of HLR. After receiving the callof LS, VLR converts the caller LRN into DN and performsthe call authentication.

� When the MAP+ protocol is used, both primary and supple-mentary services (including Centrex group services) of LSusers are realized by the terminal office.

New services of terminal office users, such as One Num-ber Links You and CRBT, are triggered by SS to the newprovincial service platform through querying the subscrip-tion information from SHLR. Both caller and called subscrip-tion information are queried from SHLR. If both caller andcalled have the intelligent services, a normal call is com-pleted after multiple query flows.

Local Access SolutionLocal network networking (Class 5) means that the SoftSwitch net-work directly provides subscribers with interfaces and services.

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Chapter 5 Networking Configuration

According to network resources and environment, following solu-tions can be provided:

� (Small Office Home Office) SOHO Solution

� Community Solution

� Intelligent terminal Solution

The applicable scope is listed in Table 13.

TABLE 13 ALL SOLUTIONS

Solu-tion

Home

/SOHO

Desk Corri-dor

Com-munity

School Com-mer-cial

Build-ing

SOHOSolution

ü ü ü ü ü

Com-munitySolution

ü ü ü

Intel-ligentTermi-nal Sol-ution

ü ü ü ü

Primary Mode ofLocal Networking

Figure 24 shows the primary mode of local networking. The typicalconfigured devices cover ZXSS10 SS1b + ZXMSG9000 + MSAN +IAD or intelligent terminal.

FIGURE 24 PRIMARY MODE OF LOCAL NETWORKING (CLASS 5SOLUTION 2)

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1. As the control device, ZXSS10 SS1b is in charge of the callcontrol, resources allocation, billing management, and signal-ing protocol control.

2. ZXMSG9000 works as SG and TG at the same time and worksas gateway office, interworking with other PSTN networks.

3. ZXMSG9000/7200 and MSAN can directly provide the accessof the Z interface subscriber, ISDN digital subscriber, V5 sub-scriber and DSL subscriber. They can also access the ISDN PBXgroup via the ISDN interface.

4. The uniform service platform is used to serve users of thewhole network with various intelligent services. The standardSIP interface is used between the service platform and theSoftSwitch. The service platform uses the standard Parlay toquickly provide new services. In order to protect the existingintelligent network investment, the SS7 is used through SG tointerwork with the existing intelligent network. In this way, theoriginal intelligent network is inherited.

5. The access via IAD provides the integrated voice and data so-lution for homes, corridors and offices.

6. It directly accesses the SIP/H.248 terminal.7. In the local tandem networking mode, data of users of PSTN,

PHS, and SoftSwitch can be stored to SHLR. SHLR is respon-sible for uniformly manage the data attributes of users in thewhole network. The core control device of SoftSwitch can in-terwork with SHLR through standard MAP protocol or MAP+protocol to obtain the user information.

SOHO Solution The mode of ZXSS10 SS1b + TG + SG + ZXSS10 I500/600 isadopted in this solution. The condition is that users only haveC5 cable instead of twisted pair resources. It is mainly applied inhomes/SOHO, corridors, schools and commercial buildings. Thesolution is very simple. The users can make the best use of theexisting network resources and realize the access of subscribersquickly.

Users can select ZXSS10 I500 or ZXSS10 I600 as required, toprovide the pure voice or voice/data-integrated service. Moreover,users can select different types for use in residences, corridors oroffices.

In the networking example shown in Figure 25, adopt the familyvoice/data-integrated solution provided by ZXSS10 I601. In ad-dition, multi-port IAD600 series products can be used in corridorsor offices.

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FIGURE 25 DATA AND VOICE INTEGRATED SERVICE

To utilize the multi-port IAD500 product, a networking examplefor pure voice solution used at corridors or offices is provided, asshown in Figure 26.

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FIGURE 26 PURE VOICE SOLUTION FOR OFFICES (CORRIDORS)

CommunitySolution

The mode of ZXSS10 SS1b + ZXMSG7200 is adopted in this so-lution. It requires the twisted pairs and is mainly applied in com-munities, corporations and commercial buildings. The advantagesof this solution lie in its low cost. Via MG, it can provide the ac-cess of several hundreds to several thousands of ordinary tele-phone subscribers. The networking diagram is shown in Figure27. Here, ZXMSG7200 provides trunk and subscriber access atthe same time.

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FIGURE 27 COMMUNITY SOLUTION

IntelligentTerminal Solution

The ZXSS10 SS1b + ZXSS10 B100/B200 + IP broadband phoneset mode is adopted in this solution. It requires C5 cables and ismainly oriented to users who use the resource directly. The so-lution is very simple. Users can make the better use of networkto provide value-added service and intelligent services. This is abrand-new access mode, which directly uses such intelligent ter-minals as IP Phone, PC and IP Fax to provide local services. It isapplicable to the situation in which users have widely distributedC5 cable resources. This solution can be adopted in advanced com-mercial buildings and luxurious houses. The networking exampleis shown in Figure 28.

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FIGURE 28 INTELLIGENT TERMINAL SOLUTION

Here, the ZXSS10 B100/B200 broadband access gateway can haveother routing device proxies, but ZXSS10 B100/B200 can performaddress conversion and subscriber access control.

For the local networking solutions above, if a call takes place be-tween subscribers of a SoftSwitch network, the network does notrequire communicating with PSTN, So TG and SG can be omitted.

Hybrid Networking ModeThe hybrid networking mode consists of the toll office networkingmode, the local tandem office networking mode and the local net-work networking mode.

System ConfigurationFrom the perspective of the reliability of the telecom equipment,the basic configuration principles are as follows: the 1+1 backupmechanism is applied to major boards, power modules, SystemControl Card (SC) and GNIC/Network Interface Card (NIC, via dataconfiguration); the quantity of the SPC in SC depends on the net-work capacity; here, the 1+1 backup is also applicable.

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According to subscriber capacity, it can be configured with 1~13SPCs, which provides the processing capacity of two million sub-scribers or 200 thousand trunks at most (capacity varies depend-ing on the traffic model).

The configuration quantity of SPCs should be ultimately deter-mined according to the actual traffic model and in consideration ofsuch factors as network security and load balancing, when the loadof CPU is 55%, the processing capability of SPC is 46 CAPS/board.

The ZXSS10 SS1b SoftSwitch control equipment can be configuredwith 2~4 NICs. Since NIC supports the 1+1 backup mode, thereare two configuration modes for the card: two NIC cards and fourNIC cards. The configuration principles are:

Every 10 SPCs is configured with a pair of NICs. Each SS shelf canbe configured with up to two pairs of NICs. NIC boards in the NICpair are in the active/standby partnership. If SS1b is configuredwith more than one shelf (exclusive of one shelf situation), anextra pair of NICs is required to be configured on the main controlshelf to be used for NM.

In addition, if the GNIC board with multiple FE interfaces isadopted, GNICs work in pair. Each GNIC provides four FE in-terfaces whose working mode is Trunk, externally providing oneIP address. If SS1b adopts the GNIC board, in spite of theconfiguration mode of SS1b, its network interface board shall beconfigured as follows: two GNICs + four NICs (one pair is for NMand the other for charging). When there are two SS1bs in thenetworking, an extra pair of NICs shall be configured to transferthe heartbeat information between them. That is, the networkinterface board of SS1b shall be configured as follows: a pairof GNICs + three pairs of NICs (one pair for NM, one pair forcharging and the rest for heartbeat information).

A configuration example is listed in Table 14and Table 15.

TABLE 14 ZXSS10 SS1B HARDWARE CONFIGURATION LIST 1

SN Name Code Unit Quantity Remarks

1 12U shelf PCS 1

2 19-inchserverrack

ZX209.01J-2PCS 1

3 Backplane BSSB2 PCS 1

4 Networkinterfacecard

NIC PCS 2~4 To beconfiguredin pairs

5 Systemcontrolcard

SC PCS 2

6 Systemprotocolprocessingcard

SPC PCS 2

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SN Name Code Unit Quantity Remarks

7 Systemswitchingnetworkcard

SSN PCS 1

8 Systemswitchingnetworkcardinterface

SSNI PCS 1

9 Transportinterfacecard

TIC PCS 1

10 Datamainte-nanceman-agementserver

PCS 1

11 Billingserver

PCS 2

12 Power unit SPOWB PCS 1

13 Power dis-tributionbox

SPWBP PCS 1

14 Fan tray SPWBF PCS 1

TABLE 15 ZXSS10 SS1B HARDWARE CONFIGURATION LIST 1

SN Name Code Unit Quantity Remarks

1 12U shelf PCS 1

2 19-inchserverrack

ZX209.01J-2PCS 1

3 Back-plane

BSSB2 PCS 1

4 Networkinterfaceboard

NIC PCS 2~4 To beconfig-ured inpairs

5 Systemcontrolcard

SC PCS 2

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SN Name Code Unit Quantity Remarks

6 Systemprotocolprocess-ing card

SPC PCS 1~13

7 Systemswitchingnetworkcard

SSN PCS 2

8 Systemswitchingnetworkcardinterface

SSNI PCS 1

9 Inter-shelfcascadingboard

CSN PCS 2

10 Inter-shelfcascadinginterfaceboard

CSNI PCS 1

11 Transportinterfacecard

TIC PCS 1

12 Datamainte-nanceman-agementserver

PCS 1

13 Billingserver

PCS 1

14 Powerunit

SPOWB PCS 2

15 Powerdistribu-tion box

SPOWP PCS 1

16 Fan tray SPWBF PCS 1

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C h a p t e r 6

Technical Specifications

Table of ContentsOverview..........................................................................99Technical Specifications ......................................................99Busy Hour Call Attempts (BHCAs) ........................................99Maximum Subscriber Capacity........................................... 100Signaling Processing Capability.......................................... 100Protocol Processing Capability ........................................... 100Call Authentication .......................................................... 101Charging Performance...................................................... 103Time Monitoring .............................................................. 103Reliability and Availability ................................................. 103Physical Specifications...................................................... 104

OverviewThis chapter describes ZXSS10 SS1b in terms of its technical spec-ifications such as system processing capability, charging perfor-mance, time monitoring, load capability, reliability and availabilityand its environmental requirements.

Technical SpecificationsAs a large-capacity SoftSwitch control equipment, a single shelfof the ZXSS10 SS1b supports 2000K (2 Million) BHCAs, and eightcascading shelves supports a maximum of 16,000K ( 16 Million)BHCAs, while eleven cascading shelves supports up to 22,000K (22 Million) BHCAs.

Busy Hour Call Attempts(BHCAs)The maximum digital trunks and subscriber capacity of single SS1bshelf are decided by the specific traffic model. When the load of

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CPU is 55%, the processing capability of SPC is 46 CAPS/board.The SPC boards are configured in pair and in the loadsharing/activestandby each other working mode partnership. Each pair of SPCsprovides the processing capability of 92 CAPS.

Maximum SubscriberCapacityThe maximum digital trunks and subscriber capacity of single SS1bshelf are decided by the specific traffic model.

When the load of CPU is 55%, the processing capability of SPC is46 CAPS/board. The SPC boards are configured in pair and in theloadsharing/active standby each other working mode part-nership. Each pair of SPCs provides the processing capability of92 CAPS.

Signaling ProcessingCapability� ZXSS10 SS1b supports up to 1024 local signaling points.

� A shelf of the ZXSS10 SS1b supports up to 1500 64k or 1002M No.7 signaling links.

Protocol ProcessingCapability� The SIP/SIP-T/BICC protocol is adopted for interpretability

among the ZXSS10 SS1b SoftSwitch control equipment.

� The SIGTRAN protocol is used between the ZXSS10 SS1b andsignaling gateway.

� The H.248 protocol is used between the ZXSS10 SS1b andtrunk gateway.

� The H.248 or MGCP protocol is used between the ZXSS10 SS1band media gateway.

� The SIP protocol is used between the ZXSS10 SS1b and appli-cation server.

� The MGCP protocol is used between the ZXSS10 SS1b andMGCP terminal.

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Chapter 6 Technical Specifications

� The SIP protocol is used between the ZXSS10 SS1b and SIPterminal.

� The H.323 protocol is used between the ZXSS10 SS1b and theexisting IP telephony network.

� The MAP/MAP+ protocol are used between the ZXSS SS1b andthe smart home location register (SHLR).

� The existing intelligent network application (INAP) can be usedto enable the ZXSS10 SS1b to be interoperable with the exist-ing intelligent network.

� It supports standard protocols such as V5.2, V5UA, IUA, ISDNDSS1, ISUP, TUP, M3UA, and SCTP to support signaling trans-mission and adaptation, as well as all types of user access in-terfaces on the existing communication networks.

� For the H.248 protocol, ZXSS10 SS1b supports text coding.

� The supported No.7 signaling protocols include TUP, ISUP,MAP, CAP, and INAP.

Call AuthenticationThe black/white list provided by the ZXSS10 SS1b can be used toprohibit or allow certain calling parties or incoming calls from acertain incoming trunk to go to certain destination codes based onthe calling number or incoming trunk identifier.

ZXSS10 SS1b defines the black/white list of calling numbers inthe outgoing/incoming trunk group and judge whether calls froma caller in the black/white list can be connected through the trunkgroup. A calling number can be a toll area code and part or all ofa user number.

ZXSS10 SS1b defines the black/white list of called numbers in theoutgoing/incoming trunk group and judge whether calls from acalled party in the black/white list can be connected through thetrunk group. A called number can be a service code, prefix of thetoll call, and part or all of a user number.

ZXSS10 SS1b can set the black/white list of calling/called numbersglobally.

ZXSS10 SS1b can intercept calls that have insufficient calling num-ber digits, no digits or excessive digits according to different callsources.

ZXSS10 SS1b authenticates the forwarded calls based on the“original called number”.

ZXSS10 SS1b supports 500 million users on the black and whitelists simultaneously (external authentication server is required).

Up to 0.5 million numbers can be authenticated.

Table 16lists the call types that support the call authentication.

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TABLE 16 CALL TYPES

SN Call Type Description

1 Local calls on thecurrent SS

Calls in the SoftSwitch control area

2 Calls to the suburband countryside onthe current SS

Calls to the suburb and countryside in thesame SoftSwitch control area

3 National toll callson the current SS

Calls to different area code in the differentSoftSwitch control areas

4 International tollcalls on the currentSS

Calls to different country area code in thedifferent international SoftSwitch controlareas

5 Local calls on theoutgoing trunk SS

Calls to the PSTN through the trunk

6 Calls to the suburband countryside onthe outgoing trunkSS

Calls to the PSTN suburb and countrysidenumber segment on the outgoing trunk SS

7 National toll calls(intra-region) onthe outgoing trunkSS

Calls to PSTN over numbers with differentarea codes (area codes of caller and calleebelong to the same national area)

8 National toll calls(inter-region) onthe outgoing trunkSS

Calls to PSTN over numbers with differentarea codes (area codes of caller and calleebelong to the different national areas)

9 Internationaltoll calls on theoutgoing trunk SS

Calls to PSTN (gateway offices of othercountries) over numbers with differentcountry codes via trunk

10 Charged specialservice

Dial the charged special service number inthe SoftSwitch control area

11 Business groupauthority

IPCentrex call authority

12 Inter-groupauthority

Intra-group authority

13 Calls of high rate Calls of high rate in the SoftSwitch controlarea

14 Local calls andnetwork calls onthe IP outgoing SS

Call other SoftSwitch device over the IPnetwork

15 National toll callson the IP outgoingSS

Calls to SoftSwitch with different area codesvia IP network

16 International callson the IP outgoingSS

Calls to SoftSwitch with different countrycodes via IP network

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Chapter 6 Technical Specifications

SN Call Type Description

17 Smart calls Call of the smart service invoked bySoftSwitch

18 URL calls Call established through the URL address

Charging PerformanceThe primary charging performance specifications are as follows:

� Charging error rate: < 10-4

� Charging accuracy: 100 ms

� Accuracy rate: ≥99.96 %

� Bill processing capability: ≥10,000,000 CDRs /month

� Charging data storage capability: ≥10,000,000 CDRs (in caseof charging database ≥ 15G and file storage space ≥ 6G)

� Charging data buffer capability ≥ 1,000,000 CDRs

Time MonitoringSpecifications of time monitoring and loading capability are as fol-lows:

� Time supervision for no dialing after hook-off: 10 seconds

� Time limit for no dialing in digit interval: 20 seconds (ad-justable)

� Time limit for long time no reply of local calls: 60 seconds(adjustable)

� Time limit for long time no reply of toll calls: 90 seconds (ad-justable)

� Time limit for long time no reply of international toll calls: 120seconds (adjustable)

� Time limit for howler tone: 40 seconds (adjustable)

� Time limit for busy tone: 15 seconds (adjustable)

Reliability and AvailabilityZXSS10 SS1b is a carrier-class product. All important boards sup-port active/standby hot backup and hot swapping, meeting the99.999% (five 9s) reliability requirement of carrier-class equip-ment. The maximum fault time in a year is less than 5.3 minutes.

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Physical Specifications� Dimensions

Cabinet dimensions: 600mm × 800 mm × 2,000 mm (W × D× H)

� Weight

Empty cabinet: 350 kg

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C h a p t e r 7

EnvironmentalRequirements

Table of ContentsPower Supply and Power Consumption ............................... 105Grounding Requirements .................................................. 106Antistatic Requirements.................................................... 107Anti-Electromagnetic Interference...................................... 108Dust-proof Requirements.................................................. 108Temperature and Humidity Requirements............................ 108Noise ............................................................................. 109Lighting ......................................................................... 109Atmospheric Pressure....................................................... 109Air Pollution .................................................................... 109

Power Supply and PowerConsumptionDC: -57V to -40V

The maximum single-shelf power consumption is calculated bypower consumption sum of all configured boards/0.8. Power con-sumption of SoftSwitch boards and units are listed in Table 17.

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TABLE 17 POWER CONSUMPTION OF SOFTSWITCH BOARDS

Board Average consumption per 8 hours (W)

SSC 24

SPC 22

NIC 22

SSN 18

TIC 1

SSNI 1

CSN 20

CSNI 2

GNIC 18

SPOWB 55

SPWBP 15

SPWBF 55

Power unit 30

Alarm box 20

Grounding RequirementsThe grounding in the equipment room should meet the followingrequirements:

1. Grounding modes

The grounding mode of the telecommunication office wherethe SoftSwitch control equipment is located should comply withthe joint grounding principle, that is, the working ground, pro-tection ground, and building lightning protection ground of allcommunication equipment share one group of grounding con-ductors, as shown in Figure 29.

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Chapter 7 Environmental Requirements

FIGURE 29 RACK GROUNDING MODE

2. Sectional area of the grounding cables

The ground cable should be good conductor (copper). Do notuse plain conductor.

3. Grounding resistance

Generally, the resistance for the centralized grounding shouldbe less than 5 ohm.

Antistatic Requirements� Generally, anti-static movable floor is required in the equip-

ment room where the SoftSwitch control equipment isinstalled. The height of the movable floor should be between300 and 330 mm. The resistance value of the unit raisedfloor system should be in accordance with the TechnicalRequirements for Raised Floor in Computer Rooms.

� If no movable floor is available, the conductive floor should beused instead (resistance: 1.0x107 to 1.0x1010 ohm).

� The conductive or raised floor must be grounded and can beconnected to the grounding device with a current-limiting re-sistor and a connection cable. The resistance of the current-limiting resistor shall be 1 M ohm.

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Anti-ElectromagneticInterference� The electric field intensity shall not be greater than 300mV/m.

� Magnetic intensity shall not be greater than 11 GS.

Dust-proof Requirements� Dust with diameter over 5 mm shall be less than or equal to

3×104 granules/m3.

� The dust particles shall be non-conductive, non-magnetic andnon-corrosive.

Temperature and HumidityRequirementsTable 18lists the temperature and humidity requirements.

TABLE 18 TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY REQUIREMENTS

Temperature (°C) RH (%)Item

Long-TermWorkingCondition(Note 1)

Short-TermWorkingCondition(Note 2)

Long-TermWorkingCondition

Short-TermWorkingCondition

Scope 15°C to30°C

0°C to 45°C 40% to 65% 20% to 90%

1. Under the long-term working environment of the device, themeasurement values of temperature and humidity refer to thevalues measured 2 m above the floor and 0.4 m before theequipment (measurement is done when there is no protectiveboard in the front or at the back of the rack).

2. The short-term working condition means that the continuousrunning period is no more than 48 hours and the accumulatedrunning period in a year is no more than 15 days.

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Chapter 7 Environmental Requirements

NoiseIndoor noise shall not be greater than 70 dB.

Lighting� Direct sunlight should be avoided to prevent aging and distor-

tion of such components as circuit boards caused by long-timeexposure.

� Average luminance should be 150lx to 200lx with no glare.

� Emergency lighting is available.

Atmospheric Pressure1. Operating: 1.08 × 105 Pa to 5.1 × 104 Pa2. Storage: 1.08 × 105 Pa to 1.2 × 104 Pa

Air Pollution� The equipment shall not be exposed to corrosive air, such as

sulfur dioxide and oxide containing ammonia.

� The equipment shall not be exposed to smoke such as oil fluxand soot.

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Figures

Figure 1 MULTI-LAYER ARCHITECTURE OF ZXSS10 SS1B ......... 2

Figure 2 CONNECTION OF ZXSS10 SS1B ..............................18

Figure 3 ZXSS10 SS1B CABINET..........................................19

Figure 4 HARDWARE LOGICAL RELATIONSHIP OF ZXSS10

SS1B ...............................................................19

Figure 5 SOFTWARE STRUCTURE OF SOFTSWITCH CONTROL

EQUIPMENT ......................................................20

Figure 6 TYPICAL APPLICATION OF MAIN PROTOCOLS ............27

Figure 7 COMMANDS OF H.248 PROTOCOL............................29

Figure 8 RELATIONSHIP AMONG ENDPOINT, CONNECTION,

CALL, AND GATEWAY .........................................30

Figure 9 APPLICATION MODEL OF SIGTRAN PROTOCOL ..........32

Figure 10 STRUCTURE OF SIGTRAN PROTOCOL STACK ...........32

Figure 11 LOCATION OF M3UA ............................................34

Figure 12 PRIMARY NETWORK MODEL OF SIP........................35

Figure 13 3-GRADE STRUCTURE OF NO.7 SIGNALING

NETWORK ........................................................39

Figure 14 FUNCTION MODEL OF NO.7 SIGNALING .................40

Figure 15 FUNCTIONS OF V5 PROTOCOL...............................42

Figure 16 FUNCTIONS OF V5.2 INTERFACE ...........................42

Figure 17 SERVICE PROVISIONING MODE OF SOFTSWITCH

NETWORK ........................................................50

Figure 18 SERVICE PROVISIONING MODE OF IP CENTREX ......58

Figure 19 COMPACT IP PUBLIC PHONE .................................64

Figure 20 STANDARD IP PUBLIC PHONE................................65

Figure 21 HYBRID NUMBER ASSIGNMENT APPLICATION..........70

Figure 22 BACKBONE TOLL NETWORK SOLUTION (CLASS 4) ...86

Figure 23 LOCAL TANDEM OFFICE SOLUTION (CLASS 5

SOLUTION 1) ....................................................87

Figure 24 PRIMARY MODE OF LOCAL NETWORKING (CLASS

5 SOLUTION 2) .................................................89

Figure 25 DATA AND VOICE INTEGRATED SERVICE ................91

Figure 26 PURE VOICE SOLUTION FOR OFFICES

(CORRIDORS) ...................................................92

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ZXSS10 SS1b Product Description Manual

Figure 27 COMMUNITY SOLUTION........................................93

Figure 28 INTELLIGENT TERMINAL SOLUTION .......................94

Figure 29 RACK GROUNDING MODE................................... 107

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Tables

Table 1 Chapter Summary .................................................... i

Table 2 PRODUCT STANDARDS ............................................12

Table 3 COMMANDS OF H.248 PROTOCOL .............................29

Table 4 COMMANDS OF MGCP PROTOCOL .............................31

Table 5 MEANING OF DIGITAL LINE SIGNAL ..........................45

Table 6 MEANING OF SIGNALS ............................................46

Table 7 MEANING OF NO.1 SIGNALING LINE SIGNAL..............47

Table 8 MEANING OF REGISTER SIGNAL ...............................48

Table 9 SUPPLEMENTARY SERVICES .....................................51

Table 10 FUNCTIONS OF IP CENTREX ...................................58

Table 11 TRADITIONAL INTELLIGENT SERVICES ....................66

Table 12 IP-BASED VALUE-ADDED SERVICES ........................74

Table 13 ALL SOLUTIONS....................................................89

Table 14 ZXSS10 SS1B HARDWARE CONFIGURATION LIST 1 ...95

Table 15 ZXSS10 SS1B HARDWARE CONFIGURATION LIST 1 ...96

Table 16 CALL TYPES ....................................................... 102

Table 17 POWER CONSUMPTION OF SOFTSWITCH BOARDS... 106

Table 18 TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY REQUIREMENTS ...... 108

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List of Glossary

AAA- Authentication, Authorization, Accounting-

Ack- Acknowledgement-

ACL- Access Control List-

AG- Access Gateway-

API- Application Program Interface-

ARP- Address Resolution Protocol- IP

AS- Application Server-

ASP- Application Server Process-

ATM- Asynchronous Transfer Mode-

BHCA- Busy Hour Call Attempts-

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ZXSS10 SS1b Product Description Manual

BICC- Bearer Independent Call Control-

CAP- CAMEL Application Part- CAMEL

CDR- Call Detail Record-

CIC- Circuit Identification Code-

CLI- Command Line Interface-

COMM- Communication board-

CPU- Central Process Unit-

CSN- Center Switch Network (Card)-

CSNI- Center Switch Network Interface (Card)-

DC- Direct Current-

DN- Directory Number-

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Glossary

- Distinguished Name-

DPC- Destination Point Code-

DS- DiffServ-

DSS1- Digital Subscriber Signaling No.1- 1

DTMF- Dual Tone Multi-Frequency-

EMS- Enterprise Management System-

FDM- Frequency Division Multiplexing-

FTP- File Transfer Protocol-

GBIC- Giga Bitrate Interface Converter-- Gigabit Interface Converter-

GK- Gatekeeper-

GNIC- Gigabit Ethernet Network Interface Card-

GRE- General Routing Encapsulation-

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ZXSS10 SS1b Product Description Manual

GUI- Graphic User Interface-

GW- Gateway-

H.248- ITU-T Rec. H.248 Gateway Control Protocol- ITU-TH.248

H.323- ITU-T Rec. Packet-based Multimedia Communications Systems- ITU-T

HLR- Home Location Register-

HSTP- High Signal Transfer Point-

HTTP- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol-

IAD- Integrated Access Device-

IAM- IP Access Module- IP

ICMP- Internet Control Message Protocol-

IETF- Internet Engineering Task Force-

IN- Intelligent Network-

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Glossary

INAP- IntelligentNetworkApplicationPart-

IP- Internet Protocol- Ineternet

IPDC- Internet Protocol Device Control-

IPv6- IP version 6- IP6

IS-IS- Intermediate System-Intermediate System-

ISDN- IntegratedServiceDigitalNetwork-

ISUP- ISDN User Part- ISDN

ITU-T- InternationalTelecomUnion-Telecommunicationstandardization-

IUA- ISDN User Adaptation Layer- ISDN Q.921

LDAP- Lightweight Directory Access Protocol-

LRN- Location Routing Number-

LS- Local Switch-

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ZXSS10 SS1b Product Description Manual

LSTP- Low Signal Transfer Point-

M3UA- MTP3-User Adaptation layer protocol- MTP- Message Transfer Part 3 User adaptation layer- 3

MAP- Mobile Application Part-

MCU- Multipoint Control Unit-

MEGACO- Media Gateway Control-

MFC- Multi-Frequency Control-- Multiple Frequency Compelling signal-

MG- Media Gateway-

MGC- Media Gateway Controller-

MGCP- Media Gateway Control Protocol-

MP- Module Processor-

MPLS- Multi Protocol Label Switching-

MPPP- Main Processor to Peripheral Processor-

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Glossary

- Multilink Point to Point Protocol-

MS- Media Server-

MSG- Media Service Gateway-

NAS- Network Access Server-

NAT- Network Address Translation-

NCS- Network-Based Call Signaling Protocol-

NGN- Next Generation Network-

NIC- Network Interface Card-

NTP- Network Time Protocol-

OMAP- Operation Maintenance and Administration Part-

OPC- Originating point code-

OPR- Operator-

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OSA- Open Service Access-

OSPF- Open Shortest Path First-

PBX- Private Branch Exchange-

PHS- Personal Handy-Phone System-

PLMN- Public Land Mobile Network-

PPP- Point-To-Point protocol-

PRA- Primary Rate Access-

PRI- Primary Rate Interface-

PSTN- Public Switch Telephone Network-

RADIUS- Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service-

RIP- Routing Information Protocol-

RIPng- Routing Information Protocol Next Generation for the IPv6- IPV6

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Glossary

RMON- Remote Monitoring-

RSVP- Resource Reservation Protocol-

SC- System Control Card-

SCCP- Signalling Connection Control Part-

SCN- Switched Circuit Network-- Signaling Communication Network-

SCP- Service Control Point-

SCTP- Stream Control Transmission Protocol-

SDP- Session Description Protocol-

SFP- Small Form-factor Pluggable-

SG- Signal Gateway-

SGCP- Simple Gateway Control Protocol-

SIGTRAN- Signaling Transport-

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SIP- Session Initiated Protocol-

SIP-I- SIP with encapsulated ISUP- ISUP SIP

SIP-T- SIP for Telephones- SIP

SMTP- Simple Mail Transmission Protocol-

SNMP- Simple Network Management Protocol-

SoftDA- Soft Digital Assistant-

SOHO- Small Office Home Office-

SP- Signal Point-

SPC- System Protocol Control (Card)-

SPOWB- SoftSwitch Power Box-

SPWBF- SoftSwitch Power Box of Fan-

SPWBP- SoftSwitch Power Box of Part-

SS- SoftSwitch-

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Glossary

SS7- Signalling System No.7-

SSC- SoftSwtich System Control (Card)-

SSN- System Switching Network (Card)-

SSNI- System Switching Network Interface (Card)-

SSP- Service Switch Point-

STP- Signaling Transfer Point-

TCAP- Transaction Capabilities Application Part-

TCP- Transmission Control Protocol-

TCP/IP- Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol-

TDM- Time Division Multiplexing-

TE- Terminal Equipment-

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TFTP- Trivial File Transfer Protocol-

TG- Trunk Gateway-

TIC- Transport Interface Card-

TIFF- Tagged Image File Format-

TTS- Text To Speech-

TUP- TelephoneUserPart-

UA- User Agent-

UAC- User Agent Client-

UAS- User Agent Server-

UDP- User Datagram Protocol-

UMS- Unified Messaging Service-

URL- Uniform Resource Locator-

URPF- Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding-

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Glossary

VIC- Very Important Customer-

VOIP- Voice Over IP- IP

VPLS- Virtual Private LAN Service- LAN

VPN- Virtual Private Network-

VPWS- Virtual Private Wire Services-

WAN- WideAreaNetwork-

WAP- Wireless Application Protocol-

WWW- World Wide Web-

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