Site Visit Map - Mahan Rykiel Fund Presentatio… · · 2014-01-24Site Visit Map Wisconsin ... • O.C. Simonds Purpose and Intent ... • Responsible for creating The Prairie Style

The Prairie SchoolAmerican By Design- A Founders Fund Presentation

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Site Visit MapC h i c a g oThe Lurie Garden, (Millenium Park)Humbolt ParkMidway Plaissance and Jackson ParkLincoln Park The Nature Boardwalk Alfred Caldwell Lily Pond The North Pond Nature Sanctuary

O t h e r L o c a t i o n s ( Not Included in Presentation)C h i c a g oGrant ParkMary Bartelme ParkSkinner ParkLincoln Park Zoo and Conservatory

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Site Visit MapW i s c o n s i nThe Aldo Leopold CenterThe University of Wisconsin Arboretum (Madison) Curtis Prairie

Hoyt ParkMonroe St. and Arbor DriveTenney Park

O t h e r L o c a t i o n s ( Not Included in Presentation)

WisconsinOlbrich Botanic Gardens

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Prog

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• Jens Jensen• Alfred Caldwell• O.C. Simonds

Purpose and Intent

What is the Prairie School of Design

Prairie School Era Designers (The Old School)

The New School

Observations and Conclusions

• Darrel Morrison, FASLA• Wolgang Oehme, FASLA and James Van Sweden, FASLA• Piet Oudolf

Elements and Case Studies (Photos)

Elements and Case Studies (Photos)


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Purpose and Intent

Land

Human

Structure

Human

Land Structure

Human Land Structure

Land

StructureHuman

FUNDAMENTAL PRAIRIE SCHOOL TODAY

CodesSecurity

Utilities

Connection

Seating

Open Space

Access

Cultural

Native Context

Materials

Ecosystems

Landforms

Planting

Botany

Visibility

Size

AestheticEnergy

OrientationFloor Area Ratio

Access

MaterialsEmotion


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The World’s Columbian Exposition of 1893


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Chicago Fire and The World’s Fair

The Great Chicago Fire of 1871

Classical MarvelThe White City (Rebirth)


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What is The Prairie Style of Design?Era: Late 19th Century / Early 20th Century, Midwestern United States

Influences: Transcendentalist philosophy of Ralph Waldo Emerson IdealisticRomantics(BetterHomes(environments)wouldcreatebetterpeople) Arts and Crafts Movement (Late 19th Century)

Impact: Minimalist (Less is More) Bauhaus (Form follows Function) De Stil (Grid-Based Design) Constructivism (emphasis on structure itself and building materials)

Philosophies: Immersion / Integration of structure and landscape (nature) Simplicity and Function AlternativetodominantClassicalRevivalInfluence To develop an authentic North American style that did not share design elements with earlier European architecture Restraint in the use of decoration Solid Construction, Craftsmanship Emphasizing interaction of sky and landscape (Prairie, Horizon)

Architects: Louis Sullivan, Frank Lloyd Wright, William Purcell, George Elmslie

Landscape Architects: Jens Jensen, O.C. Simonds, Alfred Caldwell


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Design Elements of The Prairie Style

• “Organic Architecture” (Frank Lloyd Wright), building should look as if it belongs on the site, naturally

• Spaces organized as a sequence of outdoor rooms and views

• Emphasizing interaction of sky and landscape (Prairie)• Light and shadow, repetition, horizontal elements create spaces that evoked unique character of the Midwest• Prairie, stone, flat/hipped roofs with broad eaves, windows in horizontal bands• Distinctly American Idea

Limestone

Horizontally branched native trees and shrubs

• Emulating natural streams, lakes, and wetlands of the region

Unification of Structure and Landscape

Horizontal Expanse (Architecture and Landscape Architecture)

Indigenous Vegetation (Native) and Materials

Water

• Imitating natural rock outcroppings or native glacial ridges of the region• Walls, fieldstone paths, bridges, overlooks, and council rings all built from horizonally detailed native limestone

• Framing broad expansive views or more focused long views


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The Old School

• Immigrant from Denmark (24 yrs. Old)• Responsible for creating The Prairie Style of landscape architecture• Revered and celebrated the indigenous scenery (natives) of the Midwest• Lead movement to conserve natural areas• Notable Works

Jens Jensen (1860 - 1951)

• WestChicagoParkSystem(ColumbusPark,HumboltPark,GarfieldPark, Douglas Park)

• American Architect, his buildings often mistaken for the work of Frank Lloyd Wright• Best known as a landscape architect under tutelage of Jens Jensen• Intent to create a native landscpe that mimicked natural ecosystems• Stressed low maintenance and passive solar integration into landscape• Notable Works

Alfred Caldwell (1903 - 1998)

• Alfred Caldwell Lily Pond , Chicago (National Historic Landmark)

• American Civil Engineer (preferred to called a landscape gardener)• Founding member of the American Society of Landscape Architects• Early design work in Chicago led to his apporintment as superintendant of Graceland Cemetery• Best landscape design is inspired by nature, local landforms, and used native plants• Notable Works

O.C. (Ossian Cole) Simonds (1855-1931)

• Graceland Cemetery (Illinois), University of Chicago, Washington Park, Tenney Park


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Humbolt Park - Jens Jensen


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Alfred Caldwell Lily Pond

D i s c o v e r y C o n t e m p l at i o n

E m e r s i o n i n N at u r e

D i s c o v e r y


Monroe and Arbor Drive

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Univerisity of Wisconsin Arboretum

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D i s c o v e r y I m e r s i o n i n N at u r e

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Midway and Plaissance

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D i s c o v e r y I m e r s i o n i n n at u r e

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Water


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H A R M O N Y A N D P E A C E

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Tenney Park

R o m a n t i c h a r m o n y

S i m p l i c i t y R e f l e c t i o n


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The Lurie Garden

I n v i t i n g R e l a x i n g a n d s o o t h i n g


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Lincoln Park

R e l a x i n g a n d s o o t h i n g

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The Robie House / Falling Water / Alfred Caldwell Lily Pond

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Native Vegetation

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Hoyt Park

S t r u c t u r e s I n c o r p o r at e d M a i n t e n a n c e

D e n s i t y P u b l i c Awa r e n e s s


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Monroe and Arbor Drive

I N T E R A C T I O N C A N O P Y L AY E R I N G S P E C I E S D I V E R S I T Y


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Lincoln Park

H a r m o n y e d g e s

t r e at m e n t o f e d g e s H a r m o n y


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University of Wisconsin - Curtis Prairie


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The University of Wisconsin - Curtis Prairie


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The University of Wisconsin - Curtis Prairie

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Storm King - Darrel Morrison, FASLA


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The New School

• Born in Iowa, family farm• Best known for designing wide-open prairie inspired gardens• Long time advocate of native vegetation/restoration work in landscape design• Teaches Advanced Planting Design Studio at Columbia University• Notable Works

Darrel Morrison, FASLA (1940-Present Day)

• University of Wisconsin Arboretum - Curtis Prairie, Storm King (New York)

• Van Sweden (Michigan), Oehme (Germany)• Founders of “The New American” garden style• Bold drifts of herbaceous perennials and grasses• Shrubs and trees reinforced “structure”• Notable Works

Wolfgang Oehme, FASLA (1930-2011) and James Van Sweden, FASLA (1935-2013)

• World War II Memorial (D.C.), Chicago Botanical Garden, National Arboretum (D.C.)

• Dutch garden designer and nurseryman• Developed the “New Perennial Movement”• Bold drifts of herbaceous perennials and grasses• Emphasis of “structure” critical to plant selection / composition• Notable Works

Piet Oudolf (1944 - Present Day)

• The High Line (New York), The Lurie Garden (Chicago)


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Plants - Forms

B u t t o n s A n d G l o b e sS p i r e s P l u m e s

U m b e l s D a i s i e sS c r e e n s a n d C u rta i n s


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The Lurie Garden - Plant Forms


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The Lurie Garden - Piet Oudolf


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The Lurie Garden - Piet Oudolf


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The High Line - Piet Oudolf


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The High Line - Piet Oudolf


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Wolfgang Oehme and James Van Sweden


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The Passion - Piet Oudolf

p l a n t G r o u p s

S c at t e r P l a n t s

g r o u n d c o v e r


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The Passion - Piet Oudolf


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Aldo Leopold Center


Obs

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Emphasis

Land Human Structure

Human

Land Structure

Human Land Structure

Land

StructureHuman

FUNDAMENTAL PRAIRIE SCHOOL MODERN DAY

CodesSecurity

Utilities

Connection

Seating

Open Space

Access

Cultural

Native Context

Materials

Ecosystems

Landforms

Planting

Botany

Visibility

Size

AestheticEnergy

OrientationFloor Area Ratio

Access

MaterialsEmotion


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Observations and Conclusions


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In the Prairie Spirit - QuotesJohn Muir“Everybody needs beauty as well as bread, places to play in and pray in, where nature may heal and give strength to body and soul.” “The gross heathenism of civilization has generally destroyed nature, and poety, and all that is spiritual.” “As long as I live, I’ll hear waterfalls and birds and winds sing. I’ll interpret the rocks, learn the language of flood, storm, and the avalanche. I’ll ac-quaint myself with the glaciers and wild gardens, and get as near the heart of the world as I can”.” “Let children walk with Nature, let them see the beautiful blendings and communions of death and life, their joyous inseparable unity, as taught in woods and meadows, plains and mountains and streams of our blessed star, and they will learn that death is stingless indeed, and as beautiful as life.”

Ralph Waldo Emerson“A man’s power to connect his thought with its proper symbol, and so to utter it, depends on the simplicity of his character, that is, upon his love of truth, and his desire to communicate it without loss.” Henry David Thoreau“I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.” Jens Jensen“Trees are much like human beings and enjoy each other’s company. Only a few love to be alone.” O.C. Simonds“Nature as the Great Teacher in Landscape Gardening.”

Aldo Leopold“We abuse the land because we regard it as a commodity belonging to us. When we see land as a community to which we belong, we may begin to use it with love and respect.”

Mahan Rykiel Associates (Mission Statement)“PEOPLE need to see the SKY and feel the WIND, hear the WATER and have opportunities to RELATE to one another.”


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Lessons Learned• You may find that your objectivs and direction may change due to the process

Things change......so change with it....

Do your due diligence...................• Confirm condition and validity of site beforehand

“Doh” Moments.................• Hours of Operation• Closings

Be aware of your surroundings....................• Mornings and late afternoon better for photos• Security (Time of Day, Belongings)

Economy of Time........................• Time of Year• Time allowed for the site• Time to get to the site

Don’t bite off more than you can chew...............• Appropriate site sample size• Clear Objective


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Thank You!!!!!

Documents

Site Visit Map - Mahan Rykiel Fund Presentatio… · · 2014-01-24Site Visit Map Wisconsin ... • O.C. Simonds Purpose and Intent ... • Responsible for creating The Prairie Style