Site Selection Criteria 2

5/25/2018 Site Selection Criteria 2

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Commercial-in-Confidence

Site Selection CriteriaSite Selection Criteria

Site Selection Criteria


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ContentsContents

General site selection issues.

Good and bad site locations.

1st and 2nd generation cellular legacies.



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Session AimsSession Aims

This session answers the following questions:! How do I asses a site option?

! What makes a good cell site?! What makes a bad cell site?

! Can I reuse other radio sites?



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How do I asses a site option?How do I asses a site option?

Each site needs to be assessed on several grounds.! Radio

! Transmission!Access

! Power

! Planning

Ideally every site option reported by the surveyor wouldpass in each of the areas listed above.



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RadioRadio

A static calculation of each option and the surrounding sites willallow the radio engineer to check:

! Will each option give sufficient coverage in the target areas?

! Can radio emissions from each option be contained?

!Are there any obstructions in the panoramic photos or on paper mapsthat might be of concern?

"If an option fails any one of the preceding checks then it should bediscarded.

The remaining options should be rated based on their projectedcoverage, interference potential and distance from potential traffichotspots?

The location of adjacent cells site options should be taken intoaccount to avoid major overlap or coverage holes.



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TransmissionTransmission

The choice of site option often impacts on transmission plans.! Duct availability for fiber routes.

! LOS to microwave transmission nodes.

Transmission delays are a major issue in network rollouts. A preliminary evaluation can prevent lengthy delays later.

! Cant check for duct availability.

! Can check LOS availability.

"Check path profiles.

"Check panoramic photographs.

If transmission is to be self provided, a number of transmission highsites should be acquired.



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AccessAccess

It sounds obvious but.! If you cant get equipment to the site you cant build the site.

Greenfield sites must be accessible to trucks and cranes.! Construction of access tracks takes too long.

! Helicopters have been used but are expensive.

Buildings must have:! Safe easy access to the roof

! Crane access to the roof or a goods lift to the equipment room.



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Power & PlanningPower & Planning

Does the site have a suitable power supply?! If not, is power available nearby?

" Can wayleaves be obtained?

" Operators have been held hostage by neighboring landowners.

What are the planning implications of the site?! Is GDO type approval applicable or is full planning required.

" GDO much quicker less red tape.

! Political and aesthetic issues.

" Near hospitals, schools, homes etc?



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What Makes a Good UMTS Site?What Makes a Good UMTS Site?

Good radio engineering practice doesnt change for UMTS.!A good TACS/GSM site would make a good UMTS site.

!A bad TACS/GSM site would make a bad UMTS site.

A bad GSM site will:! Cause localized interference.

! Prevent extra capacity from being added to specific sites.

A bad UMTS site will:! Reduce the range of surrounding sites.

! Reduce the capacity of surrounding sites.

As most GSM networks contain a mixture of good and bad sites,

planners must be careful not to inherit TACS & GSM problem sites.



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Good UMTS SitesGood UMTS Sites

The ideal UMTS site wouldcover its intended coveragearea and very little else.

A practical site would be locatedso its emissions were containedby terrain and clutter.

The site would be located nohigher than absolutelynecessary.

In an urban area, the antennaswould be high enough to clearsurrounding buildings and no

higher.



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Bad UMTS SitesBad UMTS Sites

A nightmare UMTS site wouldbe located on very high groundoverlooking a large city.

Such a site would provide littleor no service in the city butwould reduce the capacity of allcells in the area.



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Bad UMTS SitesBad UMTS Sites

Another bad site would be a sitepositioned on a building in anurban area, where it was

significantly taller than thetypical building height.

The emissions from this sitewould travel much further thanthe service area and would

reduce the capacity of all othersites in the area.



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Using Existing Cellular SitesUsing Existing Cellular Sites

Most UMTS networks will be built around an existing GSM network.

Many GSM networks were built around existing analogue sites.

In the early days of analogue cellular sites were often located togive maximum coverage. No thought was given to capacity issues.

Despite causing problems in high capacity networks, many of thesehigh sites are still in operation today.

Most cellular networks contain these nightmare sites.

When rolling out UMTS around an existing network it is vital to avoidthese sites.



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Using Other Radio Sites (1)Using Other Radio Sites (1)

Co locating on other operators sites has many advantages.! Cooperative site owners.

! Planning permission easy.

! Power on site.

! Good access.

! Transmission is often easy.

There are some disadvantages however.

! Shared sites havent been designed to fit into your nominal plan andprobably wont give optimal coverage.

! Possible interference issues.

! Wind loading/Tower strength



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Using Other Radio Sites (2)Using Other Radio Sites (2)

There are some disadvantages however.! Expensive.

! Possible interference issues.

!Antenna window availability.

! Wind loading/Tower strength.

! Shared sites havent been planned to fit into your nominal plan andprobably wont give optimal coverage for your plan.

! Sites planned for other technologies may be unsuitable.

"eg broadcast or microwave nodes might be too high.


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Site Selection Criteria 2