Site Conservation Assessment - Global Heritage Fundghn.globalheritagefund.com/uploads/documents/document_1961.pdf · • Culture lives as nyadran, a devotional prayer held once a

© Global Heritage Fund 2011

Site Conservation Assessment

1. General Information Date June 15, 2011 Site Name Kotagede Country Indonesia Site Status National Heritage Assessor Name Punto Wijayanto Institution Centre for Heritage Conservation

Department of Architecture and Planning, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta

Profession Architect/Planner/Heritage expert Affiliations Badan Pelestarian Pusaka Indonesia/BPPI (Indonesian Heritage Trust)

Jl. Veteran I No. 24, Jakarta Date of site visit May-June 2011 Previous history with the site

• Project “Damaged Heritage Rapid Assessment”, 2006 • Project “CSRPP-JRF”, 2009-2011

Site Description (250 words or less)

• Kotagede Heritage District is situated some 5 kilometers southeast off the center of Yogyakarta City in Yogyakarta Special Region (DIY) Province, Indonesia. (see App.1)

• It was the center of Mataram Kingdom in 16th C, but lost its role when the center of power was shifted to Kerta/Plered (1613). Following the Giyanti Treaty (1755), Mataram Kingdom, including Kotagede, was split between Yogyakarta and Surakarta Sultanate, which later becomes modern Yogyakarta City and Surakarta City, Central Java. After independence of Indonesia, Kota Gede was absorbed into Yogyakarta City and Bantul Regency.

• Administratively, it covers three villages: Kelurahan Prenggan and Purbayan (Yogyakarta City) and Desa Jagalan (Bantul Regency). • It covers an area on the east bank of Gajah Wong river: 83 ha (Prenggan), 99 ha (Purbayan) and 27 ha (Jagalan). • According to the Statistics Indonesia/Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), the population of Kotagede in 2007: 11.370 (Prenggan), 9.704 (Purbayan)

and 3.446 (Jagalan). • It’s still today center for commerce and local industries, such as silver handycraft which make Kotagede known as silver city. • There is no protective or buffer zone area.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surakarta

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogyakarta_Sultanate


Site Significance (250 words or less)

• Kotagede Heritage District was the center of Islamic Mataram Kingdom, founded by Sutawijaya (1587), which is now one of the oldest Javanese towns in Indonesia.

• It has a unique city structure, called catur gatra tunggal. Catur gatra tunggal is four-based-components which a city must have: kraton or kingdom palace as the center, alon-alon or square on north kraton, mosque on the northwest side, and market on north east. Then, surrounded by fortress: cepuri (inside fortress/tembok njero) and baluwerti (outside fortress/tembok njaba).

• This beautiful landscape that makes Kotagede special is also for its Javanese wooden traditional houses and the Kalang Houses, houses of the merchants of gold or silver which combines beautifully Indisch and Javanese architecture.

• This beauty is seen in harmony with the alley that connected every Kotagede’s conners. The alley is called Jalan rukunan/shared-together alley. These alleys connect every corners and sites to the main road. With 1 meter maximum width and between walls, the polite Java characteristic expressed when two people or more meet on jalan rukunan.

• The silver crafts’ houses can be found around the mosque while their galleries along the Kemasan street. • Culture lives as nyadran, a devotional prayer held once a year, or traditional arts such as macapatan, srandul, karawitan, and gejog lesung

still conserved in Kotagede. • There are also traditional foods such as Kipo, Wingko and Yangko. These kinds of food can be possibly found in the Kotagede Market.

Keroncong performance and local food

2. Project Potential The following information is critical for GHF evaluation of how our scarce resources can most effectively employed. Planning What plans (eg Management, Conservation, Tourism Development, Disaster Preparedness) currently exist, and/or have been executed?

• Rencana Tata Ruang dan Wilayah/RTRW (Spatial Plan) Yogyakarta Special Region (1:25.000) – 2009/2029

• Rencana Tata Ruang dan Wilayah/RTRW (Spatial Plan) Yogyakarta City (1:25.000) – 2010/2029

Community Is there a nearby community that is or could be invested in preservation and tourism development at the site? • Pusdok (Pusat Studi dan Dokumentasi Pengembangan Budaya Kotagede)

Foundation Organization aims to make study and documentation about Kotagede.

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• Rencata Detail Tata Ruang/RDTR (Detailed spatial plan) Yogyakarta City (1:5.000) - in preparation

• Rencana Tata Bangunan dan Lingkungan (Settlement Plan) Kotagede (1:500) – in preparation

• Rencana Induk Revitalisasi Kawasan Cagar Budaya (Revitalization Plan) Kotagede Heritage District – in preparation

• Rencana Penataan Permukiman (Community Settlement Plan/ • Mitigation-based village plan) for each kelurahan/desa in Kotagede –

2009/2014

• Kanthil Foundation Organization aims to to develop community-based tourism • OPKP (Heritage District Organization) Mondorakan, Binangun, Purbayan and

Jagalan Organization aims to conserve and develop Kotagede heritage assets.

• Forum Joglo Organization aims to coordinate local communities/stakeholders.

Conservation What are the paramount conservation problems and needs? What international conservation efforts have taken place? Due to the Yogyakarta earthquake in 2006, many traditional wooden houses in Kotagede are damaged and number of silversmiths is decreasing. Conservation efforts are needed to renovate or rebuild the traditional houses and also to revitalize Kotagede’s silver craft. International efforts have taken: • JICA 2006/2007 with Community Empowerment Program UGM-JICA to

develop inventory of Kotagede traditional wooden houses and to assist the establishment of heritage district organization

• The Dutch Royal Government, JICA, Exxon Mobile Oil Jakarta, Total Indonesie and Better Air Quality 2007, Manila supported the renovation of 5 traditional wooden houses and 1 monuments/old former electricity post during 2006-2008

• UNESCO Office, Jakarta in collaboration with Office of the UNESCO regional advisor for culture in Asiain and JHS produced Homeowners Conservation Manual-Kotagede Heritage District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Partnerships What domestic and international, public and private organizations have the greatest potential as partners in preservation and tourism development at the site? • Badan Pelestarian Pusaka Indonesia/BPPI (Indonesian Heritage Trust) • Jogja Heritage Society (JHS) Yogyakarta • Centre for Heritage Conservation (CHC), Deparment of Architecture&Planning,

Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta • UNESCO Office, Jakarta

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Homeowners conservation manual

• Japan Foundation – Kuala Lumpur with International Field School for Asian Heritage IV (2007) in Kotagede

• Exxon Mobil and Gadjah Mada University developed the Post-Earthquake Revitalization of Kotagede Crafts program which introduced The Qualified Silver Craft Product Order from March 2007 to February 2009.

• Java Reconstruction Fund (JRF) supports Community Settlement Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Project (CSRPP) in Kotagede for renovation of about 20 traditional wooden houses and capacity building program to the community

Further remarks:

3. Site Condition – Overview Emphasize recent (past 30 years) and ongoing changes in condition. Perceptual condition refers to elements such as visual intrusion, noise, encroachment of new constructions, crowding, commodification, etc. General Physical Condition General Perceptual Condition Site • The government of DIY declared Kotagede as heritage and therefore

made them protected. Mostly the main components of Mataram Kingdom such as the Complex of the Great Mosque are well preserved. The mosque is still used for religious activities.

• After the earthquake in 2006, many traditional wooden houses in Kotagede have been damaged. Their owners deprived of necessary means resources might not be able to restore them in their traditional

• Traffic and transportation density especially during Market Day • Economic growth, the absence of applicative guidelines, cheap materials

and construction technique make traditional house owners unwilling to keep traditional and rather expensive materials and techniques for repairing their houses.

• The style and character of new building is uncontrolled. For example: The height of new buildings exceeds the height of the Great Mosque. Although,

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forms. Frustrations of these houses owners not to be able to restore their houses to its traditional character have raised concerns to lose these types of houses.

• After the earthquake, the government gave financial support for housing reconstruction. However, some evidences show that the utilization of this government subsidy has destroyed the form and value of the traditional houses due to the inappropriate design and reconstruction.

• In 2009, an age-old mosque, the Silver Mosque/Masjid Perak which was built in 1940 has been demolished due to its damage. After some protests, eventually it was rebuilt according to its old form.

Photo source: Kanthil Kotagede (2009)

Photo source: MDKB UGM (2007)

there are also several attempts by local community to renovate or build new buildings that matched to the local style.

Setting / Buffer Zone

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Are there particular social dynamics having site management implications? These could involve, for example, site ownership and control, land use, legal status, armed conflict, ethnic tensions, crime, corruption, elite appropriation and access restrictions. • In general, traditional houses are transferred from parents to their children. It is often that a house along with its ownership is divided. Therefore, each component of a

house owned by different people. • Some homeowners prefer to sell their houses. In that way, it is easier to just share the money to the children. • And nowadays, the wooden traditional houses are in demand to be a collection. Some houses are then removed from Kotagede. Further remarks:

4. Site Condition and Conservation - Detailed List major components (eg. structures, features, areas) if applicable and describe condition and state of conservation of each. Add sections for new components as needed. Include captioned photos of each component showing representative examples and critical areas. • Kotagede’s city structure based on catur gatra tunggal. Catur gatra tunggal is four-based-components surrounded by fortress, which a city must have:

- Kraton or kingdom : no longer exist after Sultan Agung moved the centre in 1613 - Square : has become settlement - Mosque, and : still exist and used for religious activities - Market : still exist, however its architecture is already changes

• Kotagede is also special for its Javanese wooden traditional houses and the Kalang Houses, mixing Indisch and Javanese architecture. Number of wooden houses is about 150 houses and is decreasing.

Component 1 Complex of Great Mosque

Description Period(s) of construction Predominant materials and construction techniques Character

The Complex of Great Mosque

consists of mosque, royal cemetery. It is surrounded by stone carved bricks, with yard and sawo kecik trees, an endemic and philosophical tree.

16th C Brick and wooden construction

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Condition Stability, integrity, authenticity etc; list sub-components as necessary. Include photo-documentation

• It’s in good maintenance as the community still uses it for religious activities. • Minor changes such as the construction of wall reinforcement around the Great Mosque.

Photo source: Elanto Wijoyono (2005)

• The 2006 earthquake caused damaged wall and already renovated by the Archaeology Preservation Office.

Conservation History List chronologically by year of completion. Include the sponsoring organization, location and type of

••

Repairs of mosque, gates, wall and other components (2002, 2003, 2004, 2005) Post-earthquake rehabilitation (2007, 2008)

Great Mosque

Royal Cemetery

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intervention (eg minor repairs, consolidation, stabilization, restoration, anastylosis, reconstruction etc.) and outcomes to date. Major Problems and Pathologies Include photo-documentation

Prognosis Given larger social context and likely future developments

Top Priorities

Component 2 The traditional wooden houses Description Period(s) of construction Predominant materials and construction techniques Character

A traditional wooden house

consists of several elements: pendapa, dalem and gandok (see picture).

Src: Tjahjono, 2002

18th-19th C Wooden construction

Condition

• Because of 2006 earthquake, there are 88 damaged houses from about 150 traditional houses. At least 8 traditional houses (9%) damaged, 47 traditional houses (54%) collapsed and could not be occupied, 16 traditional houses (18%) collapsed in several parts and can not be occupied and 17 traditional houses (19%) cracked. As its main material is wood, it was assumed that mostly it was its bad condition

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which can no longer support the construction. (Pusaka Jogja Bangkit Report, 2006) • Based on rapid estimation, a damaged traditional house cost about Rp 60-100 million for restoration.

Damaged houses (2006)

Conservation History

• Rehabilitation of Koko, Gembong, Edi, Joko and Mukadi’s house (2006-2007) – Centre for Heritage Conservation, Department of Architecture&Planning, Gadjah Mada University

••

Rehabilitation of Marto Diryo’s house (2009) – Archaeology Preservation Office/BP3 Rehabilitation of Agung Lutvi, Herlan and other traditional houses (2011) – Rekompak JRF

Major Problems and Pathologies

• The house has some structural problem, such as crack on the wall and even damaged structure (collapsed building). • The government housing reconstruction program gave no assistance for traditional houses renovation so that some people built new

modern houses near their traditional houses.

Prognosis

• It is dangerous and can’t be occupied. Top Priorities

• Detail measurement and drawings to identify necessary conservation plan • As some owners prefer to sell their houses, it should be an alternative scenario –after rehabilitation- for the community to use the house fpr

social public or commercial use without any major change. Component 3 The Kalang houses

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Description Period(s) of construction Predominant materials and construction techniques Character The Kalang Houses, houses of

the merchants, combines Indisch and Javanese architecture style.

18th-19th C Brick construction

Condition

• There are some Kalang houses in Kotagede. Mostly thoses houses are used for silver gallery and therefore well-maintained. • One Kalang house is heavily damaged after the 2006 earthquake and the owner now is trying to sell it.


-


• Some structural problem such as crack on the wall.

“Dijual” means for sale Prognosis

• It is dangerous and can’t be occupied. Top Priorities

• Detail measurement and drawings to identify the necessary rehabilitation plan • To find investor

Component 4 Ruins of the fort Description Period(s) of construction Predominant materials and construction techniques Character

Ruins of inner fort of the Old

Palace 16th C Brick construction

Condition

• There are some Kalang houses in Kotagede. Mostly thoses houses are used for silver gallery and therefore well-maintained. • One Kalang house is heavily damaged after the 2006 earthquake and the owner now try to sell it.


• Rehabilitation of “Bokong Semar” (2010) – Archaeology Preservation Office/BP3

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• Some people use the ruins as material for their houses Prognosis

• Top Priorities

• Detail measurement and drawings to identify the necessary rehabilitation plan, including protection scenario.

Further remarks: Kotagede heritage district needs a comprehensive revitalization plan, which can give the direction of how to manage its potential and also to rehabilitate damaged heritage buildings. This plan should be worked together among all stakeholders, including government, heritage organizations/NGO and also community. This is to ensure that every stakeholder give their commitment and will be involved.

5. Threats Please address threats to the site core and setting/buffer zone, specifying which is affected. Typical anthropogenic threats include neglect, inappropriate restoration, looting, ‘borrowing’ for building materials, encroachment, new construction, pollution, industrial activities, armed conflict, vandalism, congestion, wear & tear, over-commodification. Typical environmental threats include flooding, rainfall, wind, desertification, fire, earthquakes, vegetation, animal traffic. Phenomenon Impact

Character and extent (what and where)

Explanation Causality (how / why)

Implications Likely future outcome if unchecked

Recommendations

Its vulnerable location in the Opak Creek or the worst-

Damaged traditional houses Many traditional houses have old structure and less maintenance.

Traditional houses can be damaged.

• Government and community should be prepared to face the disaster.

• Need of disaster risk management plan

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damaged area in the 27th May 2006 earthquake. Trade of traditional houses

Lost of traditional houses A house is needed to transfer from generation to generation. Some owners think it is easier to distribute the money than to divide a house.

Kotagede will lost its houses • Need of complete traditional house inventory

• Intensive assistance for community to communicate the significance of the built heritage and give innovative possibilities to make benefit the houses

Further remarks: A disaster risk management is necessary to prepare the government and community for the future possible disaster.

6. Management Aspect Description Adequacy Legal & Regulatory Protection

The government of Yogyakarta Special Region published some regulations as follows: - Provincial Regulation No. 5/2005

for the Management of Conservation Area

- Governor’s Regulation No. 75/2008 for the Management Procedure

It’s not yet well implemented. And still needs specific regulations about “management and conserving” Kotagede

Managing Authority - nominal

Organized by management board In preparation

Managing Authority - actual - Site Ownership – core Ownership of the components is

belong to the community

Government supports the conservation of the Complex of Great Mosque and other artifacts. However, it can’t control new constructions in surrounding area. Community needs assistance so they have knowledge about heritage conservation and understand how to work together with

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government and heritage organizations.

Site Ownership – buffer zone

- -

Site Director - - Annual Budget Government budgets for the

programs aimed at culture conservation and development of infrastructure, drainage system and training are passing through annual budget (APBN/APBD). However, government does not provide regular annual budget to manage this site

• During 2006-2011, there is fund from organizations from inside and outside the country to support the post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction program.

• Considering the limited government capacity to spend money for heritage conservation, there is a need to create innovative partnership program with heritage organizations or private investors.

Staff – size and composition

- -

Staff – training/expertise - - Prior international capacity-building efforts

• Organizational, guiding, website, other training courses were being provided to local communities

-

Resources (labs, vehicles, computers etc)

• Heritage community center opened in Omah UGM, Desa Jagalan, equipped with a PC and library as part of the rehabilitation program

Management Priorities The focus of the government is mainly on the preservation of Mataram Kingdom’s artifacts.

Kotagede heritage actually include heritage buildings such as the wooden houses and Kalang houses. After the earthquake, many traditional houses are damaged and up to now, those houses haven’t yet had chance to be renovated.

Management Planning The Cultural Agency-DIY government is preparing the Revitalization Plan for Kotagede.

In preparation. The government should communicate the regulation to the community.

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Boundaries and buffer zones - clarity and enforcement

The Cultural Agency-DIY government is preparing the Governor’s Decision for Kotagede as conservation area which will include the boundaries.

In preparation

Education/Outreach Yes Kotagede Heritage Trail can be used by various communities, such as bike community, students from both local or outside Kotagede school, etc.

The trail is not yet well-established. There is need to improve and also to introduce program to the public. Local people can understand more about Kotagede where they live, and also more people can come to Kotagede.

heritage trail for high school students

Interpretation – Have site values been articulated? Are they readily communicated to the public?

Yes, For example: community was involved in the process of heritage mapping during the preparation of CSP. There is also panels to give information about history of heritage

To communicate the issue of heritage conservation is a long-term and intensive process.

Community Involvement Local community can be involved in OPKP/heritage district organization

Are current management systems effective and sufficient? Regulation can not be applied properly. This is not just in Kotagede case only, but actually in almost all Indonesian cities. What are the primary obstacles to effective management? Implementation effort by the government is not optimal.

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What are the most urgent site management needs? A management board that can assist the community to conserve their heritage building. This management board should be supported by legal regulation and adequate budget. What would you recommend as the top priorities for site management assistance? • Preparation of the management board

- Further remarks: Also lack of stakeholders coordination because administratively, Kotagede covers two different administrations: Yogyakarta city and Bantul regency. Bantul regency hasn’t given attention to heritage and can cause declining condition of Kotagede in Bantul Regency area. Kotagede need a management board that can coordinate stakeholders, particularly the local governments.

7. Management Scorecard Rate each of the following areas on a scale from 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest), justifying or qualifying your score as necessary. Area of Assessment Score

relative to comparable sites in country/region

Score relative to intl standards eg World Heritage Program

Comments

Overall Protection – Site Core

7 5 The government of DIY already declared Kotagede as a conservation area. However, the government effort to protect and conserve heritage buildings is still a question as it has no capacity to deal with problem in community level. For example, the government has no idea yet how to deal with the problem of traditional houses ownership.

Overall Protection – Buffer Zone

Site Condition – Physical 7 5 Kotagede has good condition and is already equipped with infrastructure. However, considering that Kotagede is located in a vulnerable area, a disaster risk management is needed.

Site Condition – Perceptual 7 5 An effective guideline which can be intensively communicated to the community. It also needs a management board that can assist the community about conservation.

Setting Condition – Physical

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Setting Condition – Perceptual

State of Conservation

7 3 Many traditional houses are still damaged and their owners need support for renovation.

Overall Threat Level 7 5 Trade of traditional houses is serious threat for Kotagede.

Visitor Experience / Current Tourism Appeal

7 7 There are not many facilities for visitor in Kotagede. For example, there is no information about objects to visit. However, some heritage projects which aim to support the development of tourism in Kotagede is preparing guide map, signage and other support. It is hoped to help visitor to explore Kotagede.

Tourism Development – Extent

7 5 Kotagede is already known as old Javanese city or silver city. However, it’s not yet well managed as tourism destination, such as there is no information center. It’s still need good destination/tourism plan.

Tourism Development – Sustainability

7 5 At present, local community is already involved in some projects for tourism development. They can play their role and make benefit in tourism.

Future Tourism Potential 7 8 Kotagede is the oldest Javanese cities with unique city lay out and traditional architecture. It’s also a living heritage where people still live with their culture (intangible heritage), such as silver craft making, traditional food making, etc. Considering that Yogyakarta is also one of the most favorite tourism cities for both domestic and foreign tourist, Kotagede still has big opportunity to develop its potency for tourism.

Overall Management 7 5 The government in collaboration with heritage organization and universities is preparing the management board for Kotagede. However, the government doesn’t have many experiences about heritage management and needs capacity building program to accelerate the process.

Management Planning 7 5 There are already plans, such as spatial plan or revitalization plan which mention that Kotagede is a conservation area. However, the government still has no enough capacity to put the plan into action.

Management Resources 7 5 Kotagede has much potential which is already identified, such as heritage buildings and silver craft production. However there is not yet innovation to use and develop that potency.

Community Involvement 8 7 Heritage organization has encouraged the presence of community in the conservation activities. Understanding the importance of heritage conservation and the possibility to make benefit, the

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community is voluntarily involved. This is unique, as in other sites it is perhaps not possible to involve the community.

8. Stakeholders This purpose of this section is to establish an understanding of key stakeholder groups’ attitudes and aspirations regarding the site and their receptivity to, expectations for and likely concerns about preservation, tourism and community development. Stakeholder groups could include local residents, local government, formal and informal tourism service providers, religious / ethnic / indigenous groups, traditional site users, etc. Stakeholder Group

Attitude/Agenda Representation in tourism planning (actual or potential)

Participation in tourism benefits (actual or potential)

Comments

OPKP • To be involved in the conservation activities

• To develop and get benefit from the development of tourism in Kotagede

• Being involved in the preparation of Kotagede Revitalization Plan

• Developing heritage trail in Kotagede

• Being the organizer of heritage trail/tourism activities in Kotagede

This organization still needs trainings to establish the tourism activities, such as heritage trail. English is also a big problem when they have to guide foreign tourists.

Forum Joglo • To coordinate stakeholders in heritage conservation in Kotagede

- -

Yayasan Kanthil • To be involved in the conservation activities

• To develop and get benefit from the development of tourism in Kotagede

- • Developing heritage trail in Kotagede

• Being the organizer of heritage trail

Yayasan Pusdok • To make documentation about Kotagede

• To be involved in the

- -

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conservation activities Jogja Heritage Society

• To develop and encourage conservation activities in Kotagede

• To assist local community in conservation process

• JHS is already known as heritage organization by the government

• Assist the community in the preparation of heritage trail

-

Badan Pelestarian Pusaka Indonesia/BPPI

• To develop and encourage conservation activities in Indonesia, including in Kotagede

• To empower local community in conservation process

• To introduce Kotagede to international donors

• To invite heritage experts

-

Rekompak JRF • To rehabilitate and reconstruct Kotagede heritage after 2006 earthquake

• To empower local community in conservation process

• Encouraging community to develop tourism in Kotagede

• Preparing the infrastructure, such as signages

The project will end in June 2011. For the exit strategy, this project has encouraged the local government to establish a Kotagede management board. It’s now in preparation.

Government of Bantul Regency

• To facilitate the conservation activities

• To assist community in the conservation activities

• To prepare the infrastructure, such as signages, parking area, promotion

• To get more income from tourism

Government staffs in Bantul Regency whose work related to heritage conservation/tourism needs capacity buildings/trainings program. In general, there is not many innovative program made by the government related to the development of heritage assets.

Government of Yogyakarta City





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Government of Yogyakarta Special Region



• Preparing the revitalization plan and settlement plan



Further remarks: Coordination of stakeholders in the conservation of Kotagede heritage is an important issue. Recently, the DIY governor already made a statement that he supports very much the conservation activities in Kotagede. This is political support and therefore a big chance that should be followed by real action.

9. Tourism For the following section, either rate the quality of the item on a scale from 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent). Enter 0 if the item is absent. For asterisked cells, please enter the relevant statistic. Item Rating (0-5)

or *Amount Comments

Area Infrastructure Air Access About 30 minutes from the international airport of “Adisucipto” with regular flight from all Indonesia big cities Jakarta,

Surabaya or Bali Ground Transport About 15 minutes from “Giwangan” regional bus station Complementary Attractions • About 15 minutes from the main attractions (such as: Palace of Yogyakarta, Malioboro street)

• About 45 minutes from Prambanan temple Accommodations Not many hotels are located nearby Kotagede. Tourists usually stay in the city centre (Yogyakarta). Personal Safety In general, Yogyakarta is very safe city. There are also police offices in Kotagede. Site Annual Visitation – 2000 * Unknown Annual Visitation – 2005 * Unknown Annual Visitation – 2010 * Unknown Proportion of foreign visitors

* Unknown

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Estimated Ave. Length of Stay

* Unknown

Entry Fee – Domestic * None Entry Fee – International * None Annual Revenue * None Site Access / Transport Public bus “Trans Jogja”, taxi, andong/traditional horse carriage or becak. Parking Not many parking area for big bus nearby Kotagede. There is problem to connect the parking area with Kotagede. Security / First Aid A hospital is located in the site. Restrooms Not many public restrooms provided in the area. One is located in the office of Jagalan village. Refreshments There are some restaurants, such as Omah Dhuwur (http://omahdhuwur.com/) or Sekar Kedaton

(http://www.yogyes.com/id/yogyakarta-restaurant/sekar-kedhaton/), which are located nearby. Rest areas Not many. Crafts/souvenirs Kotagede silver craft is very popular. However, it’s not considered as cheap souvenir. Site access/circulation The best way to explore Kotagede is on foot. It will be a problem since the distance of one object to another is actually far. Interpretive Center No information centre provided in Kotagede. Guides No local guide. Guiding trainings were just provided by NGO or tourism agency regularly for community. However, those

guides still need for some years of practices. Interpretive Signage Provided by NGO or tourism agency in some heritage buildings or artifacts and also important spots

.

Interpretive Literature Guide map/book provided by NGO What is the current tourism appeal of the site? How does this compare with other sites in the country/region? • The former capital of Mataram Kingdom where the Great Mosque and the Cemetery of the founders are located. In the last three years, community with support

from the Regency organizes a local traditional event called “Nawu Sendang”. • Kotagede is known as history or religious tourism. • Kotagede is known also as silver city. There are lots of silver shops such as those located along Kemasan street. Silver shops can be only found in Kotagede.

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http://omahdhuwur.com/


What is the overall future tourism potential of the site, taking into account social, economic and political dynamics at the site, local, regional and national levels? • Kotagede is a historic city with many other objects of historic buildings. Many have not been developed and introduced for tourist activities. • Yogyakarta is considered as a tourism city and an important tourist destination for Indonesia. The number of domestic tourist is increasing every year.

Article in Indonesian biggest newspaper about the tourism potential of Kotagede

What are the most significant obstacles to tourism development at the site? • The government has not yet developed Kotagede as tourist attractions. It’s perhaps because of government’s lack budget. Certainly, there are donors which are

ready to support the tourism development in Kotagede. The government should be ready to for this opportunity. • Some people in Kotagede is not ready for tourism development. They are afraid that tourism will change the way they live. What are the most urgent priorities for the development of tourism at the site? • In general, it needs supports from the government or with support from other private company to improve the infrastructure of the area, such as drainage system

and transportation. Further remarks:

10. References and Documentation Collections, repositories and databases Name/Description Managing Agency Location/access Inventory of Kotagede traditional houses Rekompak JRF In preparation Maps, GIS Title/Description Year Author/Agency Location/access Aerial Photograph of Yogyakarta City and its surrounding

Greenmap Kotagede 2004 Peta Hijau

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Yogyakarta (Green Map Maker)

Tlusap-tlusup Pusaka Kotagede Sebuah penghargaan kepada upaya pemulihan pasca-bencana berbasis masyarakat (see An. 2)

2009 Badan Pelestarian Pusaka Indonesia/BPPI (Indonesian Heritage Trust)

Peta Panduan: Jelajah Pusaka Kotagede (see An. 2)

2011 Rekompak JRF

Photographs Title/Description Year Author/Agency Location/access Reports Title/Description Year Author/Agency Location/access Pengamatan Kepurbakalaan Kawasan “Kotagede” dalam Rangka Perencanaan Pelestarian dan Pemugaran

1983 Suaka Peninggalan Sejarah dan Purbakala DIY

Rapid Assessment of Damaged Heritage in Jogja and Jateng Post-Earthquake May 27, 2006

2006 Pusaka Jogja Bangkit!

Preliminary Damage and Loss Assessment. Yogyakarta and Central Java Natural Disaster (p. 60)

2006 BAPPENAS, the Provincial and Local Governments of D.I. Yogyakarta, the Provincial and Local Governments of Central Java, and international partners

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTINDONESIA/Resources/226271-1150196584718/PackageJune13_HIRES_FINAL.pdf

The Recovery Status Report. The Yogyakarta and Central Java Earthquake 2006 (p. 62-67)

2009 Department of Architecture and Planning, Gadjah Mada University and International Recovery Platform (IRP)

http://www.recoveryplatform.org/assets/publication/RecoveryStatusReport/ RecoveryStatusReport_Yogyakarta.pdf

Plans Title/Description Year Author/Agency Location/access

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http://www.recoveryplatform.org/assets/publication/RecoveryStatusReport/


Popular media including news and magazine articles, websites Title/Description Year Author/Agency Location/access Kotagede The aftermath of an earthquake

2009 Catrini Kubontubuh Magazine “Heritage Asia”

Jejak histories Kotagede 2010 Andi Prianto Magazine “National Geographic Traveler” From Jogja Ruins, a Cultural Rebirth 2010 Dalih Sembiring http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/culture/from-jogja-ruins-a-cultural-rebirth/376789 Small Industry Revitalization Program in Kotagede

2010 Ikaputra and Dyah Titisari (Gadjah Mada University)

http://www.recoveryplatform.org/assets/newsletter/IRP_Newsletter_Jan_2010.pdf

Kotagede Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Gede Other: unpublished theses Title/Description Year Author/Agency Location/access Kesinambungan dan perubahan peran jalan rukunan di Kampung Kota Gede Yogyakarta Masa tahun 1930-1993

1995 L. Indartoro

Kota Gede, Plered, dan Kartasura sebagai pusat pemerintahan Kerajaan Mataram Islam (± 1578 TU-1746TU) Suatu kajian arkeologi

1997 Inajati Adrisijanti

Studi perkembangan cultural product industries di klaster industri Kotagede

2006 Cory Pratiwi S. Putri

Bibliography (academic and professional books and articles) Year Author, Title, Publisher 1958 H.J. Van Mook, Kuta Gede, in: The Indonesian Town, edited by W.F. Wertheim. The Hague and Bandung: W. Van Hoeve Ltd, 1976 Mitsuo Nakamura. The Crescent arises over the Banyan Tree, Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. 1997 Tim Peneliti Lembaga Studi Jawa (LSJ), Kotagede. Pesona dan dinamika sejarahnya, Yogyakarta: Lembaga Studi Jawa. 1993 Drs. Djoko Soekiman, Kotagede, Proyek Pengembangan Media Kebudayaan Jakarta. 2000 Inajati Adrisijanti,. Arkeologi Perkotaan Mataram Islam, Yogyakarta: Jendela. 2003 Muhammad Natsir, Self-Sufficient Conservation Experience of Kotagede Heritage Development. A Cultural and Personal Approach towards Community,

in: 2nd IFSAH 2003 and International Symposium on Asian Heritage Proceedings. 2007 Beni Antono (eds), Cancut Tali Wanda. Membangun Asa, Meraih (Kembali) Mimpi, Yogyakarta: JICA. 2007 Revianto Budi Santoso and Bambang Tri Atmojo, Kotagede. Life Between Walls, Jakarta: Gramedia.

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2008 Mitsuo Nakamura, Perubahan social dan dinamika kehidupan beragama: Hasil peninjauan kilat terfokus pada gerakan Muhammadiyah di Kotagede, Yogyakarta, paper presented in a seminar in Pusat Studi Kependudukan dan Kebijakan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.

2008 Laretna T. Adishakti, Community Empowerment Program on the Revitalization of Kotagede Heritage District, Indonesia Post Earthquake, in: Vulnerable Cities: Realities, Innovations and Strategies, Springer.

https://springerlink3.metapress.com/content/?Author=Laretna+T.+Adishakti

https://springerlink3.metapress.com/content/978-4-431-78148-6/

https://springerlink3.metapress.com/content/978-4-431-78148-6/


1 – The Location of Kotagede Heritage District

Src: http://anangpaser.wordpress.com/ DI Yogyakarta

Mt. Merapi

Source: Citra Quickbird Kota Yogyakarta-BNPB

Yogyakarta Palace

Samudera Indonesia

25 km

35 km

Kotagede Heritage District

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2 – Type of damage (Photo Src: UGM, 2006)


3 - Kotagede Guiding Maps

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4 – Some rehabilitation projects

• The reconstruction of (1) Omah Lor Ing Pasar, (2) the house of JokoNugroho in Between Two Gates, (3) Edi Priyanto, (4) Sudibyo Prasetyo(Gembong) and (5) the house of Mukadi.

• UGM : a joglo of Mr. PartoDarsono in JagalanVillage in February 27, 2007

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Documents

Site Conservation Assessment - Global Heritage Fundghn.globalheritagefund.com/uploads/documents/document_1961.pdf · • Culture lives as nyadran, a devotional prayer held once a