Ms Kelly Stewart

Research Analyst, Research & Statistics

Land Transport Authority, Singapore

13th March 2010

Sustainable Transportation

2

Outline

1. Background

2. Challenges

3. Key Strategies

4. Sustainable Development (SD)

Initiatives

5. Singapore urban TrAnspoRt

Solution (STARS)

6. Conclusion

3

Background

4

Note: Figures accurate as of Feb 10

High-densityhousing

High-densityhousing

43 km

23 km

Singapore

Population : 5.0 million

Land Area : 710.2 sq km

CBDCBD

1. Background

5

Road Network - 3,325 km

Expressway Network - 161 km

Vehicle Population - 929,518

Car Population - 569,761

Note: (a) Road & Expressway Figures – Accurate as of Dec 08

(b) Vehicle Figures - Accurate as of Jan 10

Road Transport1. Background

6

LRT : 29 km, 43 stationsTaxi : 24,702Note: (a) MRT, LRT figures accurate as of Feb 10

(b) Bus and Taxi figures accurate as of Jan 10

MRT : 119 km, 74 stations Bus : 344 routes, 4045 buses

Public Transport Modes 1. Background

7

Daily Bus trips : 3.0 million

Daily Taxi trips : 0.9 million

Daily MRT/LRT trips : 2.0 million

Note: Figures accurate as of Feb 10

Travel Statistics 1. Background

Challenges and KeyStrategies

9

Today 2020

No. of J

ourneys

per Day

11 mil

14.3 mil

Increase in Travel Demand must be met largely by Public Transport

Land Use12%

73%

Roads

Others

15%

Housing

2) Limited Land Space

Key Challenges

1) Increasing Travel Demand

2. Challenges

10

• Cater to diverse needs of our people

� Aging Population

� Transport is a Basic Need

� Protect Environment for Future Generations

• Sustainable transport

� Social Inclusiveness

� Environmental Sustainability

� Economic Growth

What Does It Mean?2. Challenges

11

Land Transport MasterPlan (LTMP)3. Key Strategies

12

Three Key Strategies

A People-Centred Land Transport System

S1. Make Public Transport a Choice Mode

S2. Manage Road Use

S3. Meet Diverse Needs

3. Key Strategies

13

S1:Make Public Transport a Choice Mode

• Enhance Integration of

Public Transport System

• Extend Priority for Buses

• Expand Rail Network

• Introduce Contestability to Public Transport Industry

• Enhance Travel Experience

3. Key Strategies

14

Future Clementi Hub

(artist impression)

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

Enhance Integration of PT System

Enhance Integration of our PT system

IntegratedTransport and Land Use

Planning

IntegratedPT hubs

CentralizedBus NetworkPlanning

Ang Mo Kio Hub

Distance-BasedThrough fares

3km 5km

3. Key Strategies

15

Integrated Public Transport Service Information

3. Key Strategies

Public Transport@SG Mobile Integrated Multi-Modal Travel Information (IMTI) • Launched on 13 Aug 2009

• One Stop E-channel for Integrated Public Transport Information and Services• Island-wide Interactive map with Static Integrated PT service information

• To facilitate door-to-door travel planning• Interactive Electronic Map of the island

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

• Expand Real Time Bus Arrival Information on SMS• Through Internet• Through hotlines

Travel Information System

16

Integrated Transport and Land Use Planning

• Integrate Transport Facilities with Building Developments

• Work closely with other agencies to Integrate Transport with Land Use Planning

3. Key Strategies

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

17

Integrated Public Transport Hubs3. Key Strategies

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

• Air-Conditioned Bus Interchanges integrated with adjoining RTS stations and Commercial Development Boon Lay Bus Interchange

� Completed Integrated Bus Interchanges

– Sengkang, Ang Mo Kio, Boon Lay, Toa Payoh

� Future Integrated Bus Interchanges

– Clementi (Under Construction), Serangoon, Bedok, Jurong East, Joo Koon and Marina South

Sengkang Bus Interchange

18

Enhance Commuter ExperienceEnhance Commuter Experience

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

3. Key Strategies

EZ link system Premium Bus Services

Upgraded Bus Poles

Key Bus Services Map

Real-Time Bus Info Panels

Upgraded Bus Stops

19

Extend Bus PriorityExtend Bus Priority

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

Full Day Bus lanes Mandatory Give-Way at Bus Bays

3. Key Strategies

20

NSL

EWL

Existing In Progress

NEL

Downtown Line

North South

Line Extension

Thomson Line

Eastern

Region LineTuas Extension

Circle Line

By 2020

Expand Rail NetworkExpand Rail Network

East

North

West

North-East

Central Region

Doubling Rail Network by 2020

148 km 278 km

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

3. Key Strategies

Opening April 2010

21

Key Target by 2020Key Target by 2020

• Increase AM peak modal share on public transport from 59% to 70%

• Increase AM peak modal share on public transport from 59% to 70%

Target 2020 Mode Share (am peak)

30%

70%

- Public Transport

- Private Transport

2008 Mode Share(am peak)

41%

59%

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

3. Key Strategies

22

S2:Manage Road UsageS2:Manage Road Usage

• Holistic Package of Measures to keep Roads Smooth Flowing

� Manage Demand for Road Use

– A Combination of Ownership & Usage Measures (ERP)

� Expand Road Network

� Leverage on Technology

• Holistic Package of Measures to keep Roads Smooth Flowing

� Manage Demand for Road Use

– A Combination of Ownership & Usage Measures (ERP)

� Expand Road Network

� Leverage on Technology

3. Key Strategies

23

UsageRestraint

OwnershipControl

Usage Measures:

1. Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)

2. Petrol Duty

Usage Measures:

1. Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)

2. Petrol Duty

Ownership Measures:

1. Limit Ownership ���� Vehicle Quota System (i.e. COE)

Demand ManagementDemand Management

S2:Manage Road Usage

• Combination of Ownership Control and Usage Restraint Measures

3. Key Strategies

24

Leverage on TechnologyLeverage on Technology

S2:Manage Road Usage

• Traffic & Incident Management System

� Parking Guidance System (PGS)

� Green Link Determining System (GLIDE)

� Expressway Monitoring & Advisory System (EMAS)

� Junction Eyes (J-Eyes)

• Provide Timely Traffic Information

� Real-time traffic information on ONE.MOTORING portal

� Radio channels to broadcast traffic information

3. Key Strategies

25

S3:Meeting Diverse NeedsS3:Meeting Diverse Needs

• Protect Environment

• Implement Barrier-Free Accessibility

• Protect Environment

• Implement Barrier-Free Accessibility

3. Key Strategies

26

Environmental SustainabilityEnvironmental Sustainability

• Gearing our Transport Practices & Policies towards Supporting Environmental Aims

• Gearing our Transport Practices & Policies towards Supporting Environmental Aims

CO2 Contribution by Sector (2005)

19%

16%

11%

54% Transport

Buildings

Consumers /Households &Others

Manufacturing

S3:Meeting Diverse Needs

3. Key Strategies

Source : MEWR

Sustainable Development (SD) Initiatives

28

Three Broad Thrusts

T3. Improve Living Environment

T1. Improve Transport Mobility & Accessibility

T2. Improve Resource Conservation

Sustainable Development

S3:Meeting Diverse Needs

4. SD Initiatives

29

Sustainable Development Framework

S3:Meeting Diverse Needs

4. SD Initiatives

T2:IMPROVE RESOURCE CONSERVATIONLTMP Target : 7% Improvement in EE by 2020

IMCSD Target : 20% Overall EE Target by 2020

T3:IMPROVE LIVING ENVIRONMENT

IMCSD Target: Reduce PM2.5 to 12µg/m³ by 2020

T1:IMPROVE TRANSPORT MOBILITY & ACCESSIBILITY

• Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)

• Vehicle Emission Test Laboratory (VETL)

• Environmental Management System Framework

• Diesel Hybrid Bus

• Electric Vehicles (EV)

• Facilitate non-motorized modes, i.e. Cycling track plot, trial on rental bike schemes

• Marina Bay – An exemplary Sustainable Urban District

• Greening of Road Infrastructure

• Green IT Initiatives

• Wheelchair Accessible Buses

• Enhancement Projects for MRT Stations

• Improving Commuter and Pedestrian Facilities

30

T1:Improve Transport Mobility & Accessibility

Enhancement Projects for MRT Stations

Improving Commuter and Pedestrian Facilities

• Lift Retrofitting

• Barrier-free facilities

• Pedestrian Overhead Bridges, Pedestrian Crossings, Covered Linkways

• Barrier-free facilities

Facilitate Cycling• Provide better bicycle parking facilities around MRT stations and bus interchanges

Marina Bay Initiative• Proposal of an integrated sustainable transport plan –Cycling–Walking

4. SD Initiatives

Wheelchair Accessible Buses

• Progressively upgrading bus fleet to be wheelchair accessible by 2020

S3:Meeting Diverse Needs

Accessibility

31

• Recycled Material in Road Pavement Construction

Greening of Road Infrastructure

T2: Improve Resource Conservation4. SD Initiatives

• A feasibility study will be conducted on a diesel hybrid bus trial in Singapore

Diesel Hybrid Buses

Electric Vehicles (EVs)• LTA and EMA are co-chairing an EV Taskforce to develop a blueprint for EV development in Singapore

Green IT Initiatives

• LED Traffic Lights

• Solar Panels at Bus stops

Incineration Plant

Semakau Landfill

Waste

LTMP Target7% Improvement in EE by 2020

IMCSD Target20% Overall EE Target by 2020

S3:Meeting Diverse Needs

Roads

32

T3:Improve Living Environment

Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)• Reduction of diesel vehicle PM emission levels through installation of DPF

• Trial in 2010 to retrofit a small no. of non-Euro IV vehicles with DPF

Vehicle Emission Test Laboratory (VETL)

•Built with VICOM to assist in testing and providing data emissions to help monitor emission levels

• To perform vehicle exhaust emission and fuel efficiency studies with NUS

Environmental Management Framework• Environmental Impact Analysis

• Project Environmental Management

• Achieved ISO 14000 Environmental Management Process

4. SD Initiatives

IMCSD Target

Reduce PM2.5 to 12µg/m³ by 2020

S3:Meeting Diverse Needs

Singapore urban TrAnspoRt Solution

(STARS)

34

4) Environment & Energy

2) Transport Telematics

1) Transport Optimization

3) Integrated User Experience

• Travel Pattern Analytics

• Sensors & Robotics

• Open Source Road Traffic Simulator

• Traffic Modelling & Predictive Analytics

• Collaborative Location-Based Services

• Personal Travel Advisor

• Unified Travel Information

• Mashups for Geospatial Transport Information

• Green IT

• Green Vehicles

4 RESEARCH CLUSTERS

Singapore urban TrAnspoRt Solution (STARS)5. STARS

35

Singapore urban TrAnspoRt Solution (STARS)

• STARS was initiated on 5 November 2008 with the new LTMP in mind

• To catalyze innovation in land transport development

� LTA launched a $50 million Land Transport Innovation Fund (LTIF) in March 2008

� Collaborations and joint research with industry partners and academic institutions

5. STARS

36

Vision

MissionTo provide an Efficient and Cost-Effective Land Transport System for

Different Needs

3 Strategic Thrusts

Manage Road Usage

Meeting Diverse Needs

Conclusion

•Protect the Environment•Ensure Barrier-Free Accessibility for all

•Manage Demand for Road Use •Expand Road Network•Leverage on Technology

•Enhance Integration of PT System•Extend Bus Priority•Expand Rail Network•Introduce Contestability for PT Industry•Enhance Travel Experience

Initiative Singapore urban TrAnspoRt Solution (STARS)

Traffic Optimisation Transport Telematics Environment & Energy

4 Research Clusters

6. Conclusion

Making Public Transport a Choice

Mode

A People-Centred Land Transport System

Integrated User Experience

37

Thank you

38

• Key Land Transport Masterplan Initiative

• One single agency that plans the entire land transport network

� Integrated, seamless connectivity; faster and more convenient travel

Central Bus Network Planning3. Key Strategies

Objectives

Improve Journey Quality

• Bus Frequency

• Travel Time

• Convenience

• Crowdedness

• Reliability

Enhance PT Integration and Hub-and-Spoke

Model

• Seamless Transfers

– Network Design

Maintain Overall Bus Network Financial

Viability

• Efficient Use of Resources

• Affordable Fares for Passengers

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

39

Improved Bus Quality of Service (QOS) to Reduce Waiting Times

3. Key Strategies

• 85% of Feeder bus services at headways of 10 mins or less (Aug 08)

• Trunk buses along ERP-affected corridors at shorter 12-min headways

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

10 minutesAug 2009

12 minutesAug 2008

QoS Standards for Bus ServicesYear

40

5-6 minutes

(3.5-4.5 minutes for CBD areas)

7 minutesLunch periods

2-3 minutes3 minutesMorning peak-of-peak

periods

CurrentPreviousTime period

Improved MRT Operating Performance Standards (OPS)

3. Key Strategies

• To Reduce Waiting Times and Alleviate Passenger Load in Trains

�Reduced maximum train passenger loading per train to 1,600

�Prescribed minimum headways for peak and lunch hours

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

41

Distance-Based Through Fares

3km 5km

• Today, Bus-Only Journey with one transfer� E.g. 3km on the 1st bus and 5km on the 2nd bus� Ez-Link fare = $1.24 ($0.71 for 1st bus trip + $0.93

for 2nd bus trip - $0.40 transfer rebate)

• With Distance-Based Through Fare� Fare will be computed based on total distance

travelled� Based on today’s fare level, fare = $1.13 for his 8km

journey

3. Key Strategies

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

42

Introduce Contestability

• Gradually Open up Basic Bus Services for Greater Competition to Improve Efficiency of Bus Operation

�Competition for the market, not competition in the market

• Future RTS operating licenses will also be awarded through tender and have shorter duration

3. Key Strategies

S1:Make Public Transport A Choice Mode

43

Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)

• Implemented in 1998

• Replaced manual Area Licensing Scheme (ALS)

• Congestion Management tool

S2:Manage Road Usage

65 kph45 kphIncrease Decrease

Expressways

30 kph20 kph

Increase Decrease

City & Other Roads

3. Key Strategies

• Review speed range at 3-month interval

� Adjust ERP charges (in half-hour slots)

44

Expand Road NetworkExpand Road Network

Marina Coastal Expressway

(2013)

KJE

BKE

SLE

PIE

PIE

ECPAYE

TPE

North South Expressway

(2020)

KP

E

S2:Manage Road Usage

3. Key Strategies

45

Car Fleet Fuel Efficiency Improvement

Growth in Green Vehicle Population due to GVR

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

No. of GreenVehicles

Natural GasVehicles

HybridVehicles

ElectricVehicles

Strategies to Reduce GHG & Energy

• Improve Fuel Efficiency of Vehicles

• Mandatory since April 2009

• GVR increased from 20% to 40% of OMV (open market value) in 2006

Fuel Economy Labelling Scheme (FELS)

Green Vehicle Rebate (GVR) Scheme