Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Simulation de l’injection de carbone dans un site géologique

de séquestration du CO2

Mohamed HAYEK, Emmanuel MOUCHE and Claude MÜGLER

Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’EnvironnementCommissariat à l’Energie Atomique

Orme des MerisiersF-91191 Gif-surYvette, FRANCE

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Sleipner, Mer du Nord

et

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

CO2 sequestration in the Sleipner field

CO2 Stratification: How and why does it take place ?

Projet ANR (BRGM, IFP, ICMCB, Schlum.) Simulation results (Pruess et al. 2002)

Schematic representation of Utsira aquifer (Sleipner site)

Seismic profiles (Bickle et al. 2007)

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Outlines

The 1D case (injection in vertical column)

• Solution analysis between two different homogeneities • Injection in vertical periodic layered column

The 2D Vertical case (Sleipner)

• Numerical simulation (code Cast3M)• Theoretical analysis

Gravity + Capillarity

The model

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Buckley-Leverett with gravity including capillarity effects

2( ) 0

CO

SF S

t z

2

2

2

2

2

( ) ( )

( )( ) ( )

CO

COCO

CO

CO

r rw

w

r rw

w

k S k S

f Sk S k S

2COSS

( ) ( )cp S J Sk

1

( ) 1J S Se

2 2 22

2 2 2

( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

CO CO CO CO

CO CO CO

cw

w

p SF S k gf S kf S

zS

k gf S f S k z J Sz

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Relative Permeability laws

Linear Brooks-Corey Van Genuchten

)1(1 /)2(2

/)32(

SeSek

Sek

rnw

rw

rnwrw

rw

SS

SSSe

1

rwrnw

rw

kk

Sek

1 mmrnw

mmrw

SeSek

SeSek2/1

2/1

11

))1(1(

=1/2, =1/3 et m=0,457

R. Helmig, Multiphase flow and transport processes in the subsurface, Springer-Verlag 1997.

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

kr(S), f(S) & G(S)

f(S)

G(S)

kr(S)

S0 0.5 1

G(S)

0.25 Lin.BC

BC

VG

VG

Lin.

BC VG

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

*1 1 2 2 1

*2 1

, if S S

0, if 0c cp S p S

S S S

medium 1

medium 2

Capillarity : Leverett law

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

CO2 injection

v

Injection in a vertical layered columnBuckley Leverett with gravity

shale

Sand

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Injection in a periodic layered vertical column

high permeability

low permeability

Sand

Shale

low permeability

high permeability

Shale

Sand

Case 2

Case 1

v

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

1

2

v

Case 1: (k1 > k2)

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

1

2

v

Case 2: (k1 < k2)

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

v

Injection in a vertical periodic layered column

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Simulation (Cast3M, CEA)

CO2 accumulation beneath each layer !!!

injection well

Shale layers

Lower shale (impermeable)

2D vertical formation of Sleipner type

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

non-constant velocityvertical cut at the injection well

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Evolution of a plume in a periodic column withHeterogeneity of relative permeability laws

1 2 1 2 1 2

)1(1 /)2(2

/)32(

SeSek

Sek

rnw

rw

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Gravity alone: one condition at the interface (Flux continuity)

Gravity + Capillarity: two conditions at the interface - Flux continuity - Extended pressure condition (Van Duijn et al., 1995)

medium 1

medium 2

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Our simulations (Cast3M)

Gravity alone Gravity + capillarity

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Siddiqui & Lake (SPE, 1997)

Journée Castem , 25/11/09

Conclusion

• Upscaling in periodic layered porous media & Influence of relative permeability heterogeneity , submitted AWR.

• Collab. Avec IFP code COORES , pbme grav + capill..

M. Hayek, E. Mouche and C. Mugler, Modeling vertical stratification of CO2 injected into a deep heterogeneous saline aquifer with a Buckley-Leverett equation in presence of gravity. (Advances in Water resources, 2009)