Simplify.

a. 3–2

Simplify.19=

ALGEBRA 1 LESSON 8-1

(–22.4)0b. Use the definition of zero as an exponent.

= 1

Zero and Negative Exponents

8-1

=Use the definition of negative exponent.

1 32

Let’s try:

Turn to page 395. Let’s try:A.Answer: 1 81B.Answer: 1C. Answer: 1 -64D. Answer: 1 7E.Answer: - 1 9

Simplify

a. b.

Simplify.3ab 2=

= 1 1x 3

Use the definition of negative exponent.

= x 3

Identity Property of Multiplication

ALGEBRA 1 LESSON 8-1

= 1 • x 3

Multiply by the reciprocal of , which is x 3.

1 x3

Rewrite using a division symbol.

= 1 x –3

Zero and Negative Exponents

3ab –2 1 b2

Use the definition of negative exponent.

= 3a

8-1

1 x –3

Evaluate 4x 2y –3 for x = 3 and y = –2.

Method 1: Write with positive exponents first.

Substitute 3 for x and –2 for y.4(3)2

(–2)3=

36–8 –41

2= = Simplify.

ALGEBRA 1 LESSON 8-1Zero and Negative Exponents

8-1

4x 2y –3 = Use the definition of negative exponent.4x 2

y 3

(continued)

Method 2: Substitute first.

4x 2y –3 = 4(3)2(–2)–3 Substitute 3 for x and –2 for y.

4(3)2

(–2)3= Use the definition of negative exponent.

36–8 –41

2= = Simplify.

ALGEBRA 1 LESSON 8-1Zero and Negative Exponents

8-1

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27. 4c3

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

ALGEBRA 1 LESSON 8-1Zero and Negative Exponents

pages 397–399  Exercises

1. –1

2.

3.

4. –

5.

6. –

7.

8. –

9. 1

10.

1 16 1 25

1 25

1 16

1 81

1 64

1 12

1 78

11. –

12. –

13. –2

14. 3; 4

15. 0; –3

16. –5

17. 3a

18.

19. x 7

20. c

21.

1 64 1 64

5 x 4

1 a 4

1 25p

3 x 2 y 7a 3b 2 w 1 x 5 y 7

7st 3 5

6 ac 3

x 2 8z 7

y 7 x 5

y 7 t 11

14 m 2t 5

33.

34.

35. –

36. 1

37.

38.

39.

40.

41. –

42.

43. –27

1 2519

19

3 25 1 10025818125

2527

1 25

8-1

ALGEBRA 1 LESSON 8-1Zero and Negative Exponents

44. –

45. a. $20.48; $.32b. No; the value of the

allowance rapidly becomes very great.

46. neg.

47. pos.

48. pos.

49. neg.

50. neg.

51. 10–1

52. 10–2

53. 10–3

27 400

54. 10–4

55. 10–5

56. 0.00157. 0.00000158. 0.759. 0.0360. 0.000561. a. 5–2, 5–1, 50, 51, 52

b. 54

c.

62. In –30, 3 is raised to the zero power, and then the opposite is determined. In (–3)0, the number –3 is raised to the zero power.

a n 1

63. 45

64. 6

65. 40

66.

67. –

68. 16

69.

70.

71.

72. –1

1 243

14

2918

1 16

8-1