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EXPERIMENT MODULE
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION LABORATORY
SIMPLE DISTILLATION
(DIS)
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG
2018
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW i
Contributor:
Dr. Danu Ariono, Dr. Dianika Lestari, Dr. Ardiyan Harimawan, Fardhila Rochman,
Alexander Armyn, Dr. Pramujo Widiatmoko
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW ii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TABLE OF CONTENT .......................................................................................................................... ii
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................... iii
LIST OF TABLE ................................................................................................................................... iv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1
CHAPTER II PURPOSE AND TARGET OF EXPERIMENT ............................................................. 2
CHAPTER III EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN .......................................................................................... 3
III. 1. Experiments and Measurements ........................................................................................... 3
III.2. Materials / Chemicals............................................................................................................. 4
CHAPTER IV WORK PROCEDURE ................................................................................................... 5
IV.1. Work Procedures.................................................................................................................... 5
IV.2. Experimental Flow Diagram .................................................................................................. 7
BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................................................... 8
APPENDIX ............................................................................................................................................. 9
A. Raw Data ..................................................................................................................................... 9
B. Examples of Data Processing .................................................................................................... 13
B.1. Determination of ethanol density .............................................................................................. 13
B.2. Determination of the volume of ethanol needed to make the feed solution .......................... 13
B.3. Calibrate refractive index of ethanol solution with refractometer ......................................... 14
B.4. Determination of heating rate ................................................................................................ 15
B.5. The relationship of distillate concentration to time ............................................................... 16
B.6. The relationship of distillate volume to time ......................................................................... 17
B.7. Mass balance of distillation ................................................................................................... 18
C. Specification and Literature Data ............................................................................................. 19
Tablel C.1. Water density at various temperatures ........................................................................... 19
JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS CONTROL SHEET ................................................................................. 21
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW iii
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure IV.1. Experimental flow diagram ................................................................................................ 7
Figure B.1. Refractometer calibration curve ......................................................................................... 15
Figure B. 2. Relationship curve of distillate concentration to distillation time .................................... 17
Figure B. 3. Distillate volume relation curve to distillation time .......................................................... 18
Figure B. 4. Cumulative distalate volume relation curve to distillation time ....................................... 18
Figure C.1. T-x-y diagram of water ethanol mixture at 1 atm .............................................................. 20
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW iv
LIST OF TABLE
Table A.1. Laboratory condition ............................................................................................................. 9
Table A.2. Thermometer calibration ....................................................................................................... 9
Table A.3. Determination of pure ethanol density .................................................................................. 9
Table A.4. Refractometer calibration ...................................................................................................... 9
Table A.5. Calibration heating rate ....................................................................................................... 10
Table A.6. Distillation ........................................................................................................................... 10
Table B.1. Raw experimental data for ethanol density determination .................................................. 13
Table B.2. Physical data of ethanol used .............................................................................................. 13
Table B.3. Refractometer calibration result data .................................................................................. 14
Table B.4. Measurement data of heating rate ....................................................................................... 15
Table B.5. The measurement data of the refractive index of distillate ................................................ 16
Table B.6. Data of distillate volume measurement ............................................................................... 17
Table B.7. Data table for the calculation of the distillate mass balance ............................................... 19
Tablel C.1. Water density at various temperatures ............................................................................... 19
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Separation is one of the most important process especially in the downstream part of a
chemical process. The principle of separation is to determine the nature difference between
the components to be separated so as to determine the proper separation process to use. The
properties of components can be physical or chemical. One of the physical properties of a
component is its boiling point or temperature when it has the same vapor pressure as the
environmental pressure.
Simple distillation is one of the distillation methods that can be used to separate the mixture
in the liquid form which one component with the other components has a much difference in
boiling point. The mixture will be heated until the temperature exceeds the boiling point of
the lower component but does not exceed the boiling point of the higher component. The
mixture having a liquid phase, some of the more volatile components will be in the gas phase
due to heating so that the two components are separated.
In this experiment a simple distillation process will be carried out to separate the ethanol-
water solution and review the aspects that affect this separation process. The purpose of the
distillation is to obtain a distillate product with higher purity than the feed so that the aspect
under consideration is the aspect affecting the concentration and the quantity of distillate.
Some of the influencing aspects are the feed concentration and feed heating rate which then
reviewed the results by looking at the distillate concentration over time.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 2
CHAPTER II
PURPOSE AND TARGET OF EXPERIMENT
The purpose of implementing this experimental module is to study the process of separating
binary mixtures and acquiring skills in performing simple distillation experiments. After
doing the experiment, practition expected:
1. Create a mass balance for ethanol-water distillation experiments.
2. Determine the relationship between the time distillate concentration and the variation
of the ethanol concentration in the feed or the variation in the rate of heating the feed.
3. Compare the results and discuss the experiments with different variations.
4. Determine the relationship between distillate volume to distillation time.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 3
CHAPTER III
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
III. 1. Experiments and Measurements
1. A set of simple distillation apparatus consisting of:
1 piece of three-necks boiling flask
1 electric heater and heating mantle
1 condenser for counter-current distillation
1 piece adapter to connect three-necks flask with condenser
3 rubber plugs equipped with a hole in the middle (2 pieces fitted with a
three-neck flask and 1 piece fitted with a condenser adapter)
2 pieces of thermometer to measure distillate and bottom
1 sampling device
2 water hoses
2 pairs of stative and clamps
1 piece of adapter to drain the condensed distillate
2. Refractometer
3. Pycnometer
4. Beaker
5. Erlenmeyer flask
6. Vial
7. Drop pipette
8. Filler
9. Stopwatch
10. Measuring cylinder
11. Digital balance
12. Label
13. Cotton
14. Gloves
15. Cloth
16. Aluminium foil
17. Boiling stone
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 4
III.2. Materials / Chemicals
1. Ethanol
2. Aqua dm
3. Acetone
4. Vaselin or silica grease
5. Soap water
6. Ice cube
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 5
CHAPTER IV
WORK PROCEDURE
IV.1. Work Procedures
a. Checking Tools
1. A glassware removed from cabinet
2. The glassware is checked, if any is broken or cracked please return it. If
something is not clean, clean it first.
3. If any equipment is incomplete, immediately equipped with a report to the
officers and assistants.
4. Once the equipment is ascertained in perfect condition, the lab can proceed.
b. Thermometer Calibration
1. Thermometer that has been confirmed in good condition is prepared.
2. Ice cube is melted in a beaker and then measured melting temperatures of ice
cubes with both thermometers. Temperatures read by both thermometers are
recorded after indicating a constant number.
3. Aqua dm is boiled in a beaker and then the temperature is measured with both
thermometers. Temperatures read by both thermometers are recorded after
indicating a constant number.
c. Refractometer Calibration
1. The standard ethanol-water solution with 8 variations of concentration is made,
the concentration variation include the range of the distillation feed concentration
in order to avoid extrapolation.
2. The refractive index of each is measured using a refractometer
3. The refractive index of each standard solution is recorded.
d. Measurement of Ethanol Density
1. An empty pycnometer mass is weighed and recorded.
2. The pycnometer is filled with aqua dm and its mass is weighed and recorded.
3. The pycnometer is emptied and then cleaned with acetone and dried.
4. The pycnometer is filled with ethanol and its mass is weighed and its measured
results are recorded.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 6
e. Making feed solution
1. The feed solution was prepared by mixing the ethanol and aqua dm mixtures with
a predetermined amount.
2. Cover the container with aluminum foil.
f. Determination of Heating Rate
1. Water is put into three-necks boiling flask.
2. Flask is placed on top of heater with heating mantle.
3. The thermometer is inserted into one of the necks.
4. The heater is turned on.
5. When boiling, the temperature at each time is recorded.
6. Heating rate is calculated.
g. Distillation
1. The feed solution is fed into the distillation flask together with the boiling stone.
2. Trial tools are strung together and ensured to keep all tools straight.
3. Water to the condenser is flowed.
4. The heater is turned on with a predetermined heating scale.
5. The tool set is checked so that no leakage by dripping the soapy water in the
circuit junctions.
6. The first drop of distillate is awaited. After the first drops drip, the stopwatch is
turned on.
7. Every 3 minutes, the distillate container is replaced with a new one until 8
distillates (24 minutes) are obtained. The volume of each distillate is recorded.
8. Bottom and steam temperatures of distillates formed, the thermometer read are
recorded at each change of the distillate reservoir.
9. After the data is obtained, the heater is turned off and the equipment is kept to
cool.
10. Mass of the distillation flask with the residue is measured. Next, the distillation
flask is emptied and its mass is weighed.
11. All equipment is cleaned up. Steps 1 to 10 are repeated with varying
concentrations or heating rates.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 7
IV.2. Experimental Flow Diagram
Start
checking and preparation of module tools
feasible and completecompleteness,
replacement, and repair tool
No
Thermometer calibration
Yes
the actual T calibration equation against actual
theoretical T
determination of ethanol density
using pycnometerEthanol density
Refractometer calibration
Set of distillation devices
the calibration curve of the refractive index against the
ethanol fraction
variation of feed concentration
Variation of heating scale
Distillation
No
Yes
determination of heating rate
Distillation
repeat for 3 different scales
repeat up to 3 variations
Finish
Finish
repeat up to 3 variations
the relationship of distillate concentration
to time
the distillate volume relationship with
time
Figure IV.1. Experimental flow diagram
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 8
BIBLIOGRAPHY
McCabe, W.L., Unit Operation of Chemical Engineering, 3rd
Edition, McGraw-Hill Book
Co., New York, 1978, Chapter 19.
Treybal, R.E., Mass Transfer Operations, McGraw-Hill, 1981 Chapter 9.
Perry, R., Green, D.W., Maloney, J.O., Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, 6th
Edition, McGraw-Hill, Japan, 1984.
Veazey, W.R., Hodgman, C.D., Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 64th Edition, CRC press,
1984.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 9
APPENDIX
A. Raw Data
Table A.1. Laboratory condition
Time Pressure (mmHg) Temperature (oC)
09.00 …. ± 0,05 …. ± 0,5
13.00 …. ± 0,05 …. ± 0,5
17.00 …. ± 0,05 …. ± 0,5
Table A.2. Thermometer calibration
T literature Thermometer 1 Thermometer 2
Water freezing point (oC)
Water boiling point (oC)
Table A.3. Determination of pure ethanol density
Thermometer used (Thermometer 1/Thermometer 2)
Aqua dm temperature (oC)
Empty pycnometer mass (g)
Pycnometer mass contains aqua dm (g)
Pycnometer mass contains ethanol (g)
Table A.4. Refractometer calibration
No. Composition of
ethanol
Ethanol
volume
aqua dm
volume
Refractive
index 1
Refractive
index 2
Average refractive
index
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 10
Table A.5. Calibration heating rate
Heating scale :
Time (s) 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Temperature (oC)
Heating scale :
Time (s) 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Temperature (oC)
Heating scale :
Time (s) 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Temperature (oC)
Table A.6. Distillation
Feed compotition (%-mol etanol) / Heating scale
Thermometer for distillate
Thermometer for bottom
Run to- 1
Feed compotition (%-mol etanol) / Heating scale
Feed mass (g)
Bottom mass (g)
Ethanol volume (mL)
Aqua dm volume (mL)
Distillate mass (g)
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 11
No. Time
(menit)
Distilate
volume
(mL)
Cumulative
volume (mL)
Refractive
index
Bottom
temperature
(oC)
Distillate
temperature
(oC)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Run to- 2
Feed compotition (%-mol etanol) / Heating scale
Feed mass (g)
Bottom mass (g)
Ethanol volume (mL)
Aqua dm volume (mL)
Distillate mass (g)
No. Time
(menit)
Distilate
volume
(mL)
Cumulative
volume
(mL)
Refractive
index
Bottom
temperature
(oC)
Distillate
temperature (oC)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 12
Run to- 3
Feed compotition (%-mol etanol) / Heating scale
Feed mass (g)
Bottom mass (g)
Ethanol volume (mL)
Aqua dm volume (mL)
Distillate mass (g)
No. Time
(menit)
Distilate
volume
(mL)
Cumulative
volume
(mL)
Refractive
index
Bottom
temperature
(oC)
Distillate
temperature (oC)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Distillation Bottom data
No. Time Refractive index
(variaton 1)
Refractive index
(variation 2)
Refractive index
(variation 3)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Bottom mass for variation 1 (g)
Bottom mass for variation 2 (g)
Bottom mass for variation 3 (g)
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 13
B. Examples of Data Processing
B.1. Determination of ethanol density
For example data obtained from experiment:
Table B.1. Raw experimental data for ethanol density determination
Temperature of aqua dm (oC) 26
Empty pycometer mass (g) 8,907
Pycnometer mass contains aqua dm (g) 13,708
Pycnometer mass contains ethanol (g) 12,704
Ρwaater at aqua dm temperature (g/cm3) 0,99678
The equation used to obtain pure ethanol density is
The data obtained from the experiment is entered into the equation.
So obtained pure ethanol density.
B.2. Determination of the volume of ethanol needed to make the feed solution
For example data bait solution to be made:
Table B.2. Physical data of ethanol used
Feed total volume (mL) 100
Ρwater at room temperature 26oC (g/cm
3) 0,99678
ρethanol at room temperature 26oC (g/cm
3) 33
Ethanol fraction(%-mole etanol) 10
Available ethanol concentrations (% -v / v) 95
Mr ethanol (g/mole) 46
Mr aqua dm (g/mole) 18
The equations used to calculate the volume of ethanol required to prepare the feed solution
are:
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 14
Entered data to make the feed solution.
From the calculation, the required ethanol volume is obtained to obtain the aqua dm volume
required to prepare the feed solution which is the difference between the total volume of the
desired feed and the required ethanol volume. The above equation can also be used to
calculate the volume of ethanol and aqua dm required to prepare ethanol solution at the
refractometer calibration.
B.3. Calibrate refractive index of ethanol solution with refractometer
Example data obtained from the experiment:
Table B.3. Refractometer calibration result data
Each sample volume is 20 mL
No.
The composition of
ethanol (mol
ethanol / mol aqua
dm)
Ethanol
volume
(mL)
Aqua dm
volume
(mL)
Refractive
index 1
Refractive
index 2
Average
Refractive
index
1. 0 0 20,00 1,3326 1,3325 1,33255
2. 0,03 1,83 18,17 1,3363 1,3362 1,33625
3. 0,06 3,44 16,56 1,3405 1,3416 1,34105
4. 0,09 4,87 15,13 1,3458 1,3448 1,3453
5. 0,12 6,15 13,85 1,3480 1,3491 1,34855
6. 0,15 7,30 12,70 1,3522 1,3512 1,3517
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 15
7. 0,18 8,34 11,66 1,3543 1,3544 1,35435
8. 0,21 9,30 10,70 1,3565 1,3559 1,3562
The measurement data of refractive index of ethanol solution with various concentrations
using refractometer was plotted and linear regression was done so that it is become
calibration curve. The calibration curve was used to determine the ethanol fraction for the
distillate sample taken during the distillation experiment.
Figure B.1. Refractometer calibration curve
From the calibration curve obtained equation
or
B.4. Determination of heating rate
Suppose the data obtained from the experiment is
Table B.4. Measurement data of heating rate
y = 0.0035x + 1.3301
1.33000
1.33500
1.34000
1.34500
1.35000
1.35500
1.36000
0 2 4 6 8 10
Ref
ract
ive
ind
ex
Ethanol fraction(%-mol etanol)
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 16
Heating scale : 7
Time (s) 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Temperature (oC) 78 81 82,5 84 86 87,5 89 91
From the data in Table B.4 we can calculate the rate of heating by the equation
With an average increase in temperature every 30 seconds ie 1,86oC the rate of heating is
obtained. For aqua dm as much as 300 mL, its mass is 299,1 gram and from literature
obtained data of Cp aqua dm at 26oC that is equal to 4,179 kJ/kg.K.
B.5. The relationship of distillate concentration to time
Suppose the data obtained from the experiment is
Table B.5. The measurement data of the refractive index of distillate
No. Time (minute) Refractive index
Ethanol
fraction (% -
mol ethanol)
1. 3 1,3617 9,03
2. 6 1,3616 9,00
3. 9 1,3609 8,80
4. 12 1,3606 8,71
5. 15 1,3605 8,68
6. 18 1,3594 8,37
7. 21 1,3583 8,05
8. 24 1,3571 7,71
The mole fraction of ethanol in the sample was obtained from the previous calibration of
refractometer so that the curve of the relationship between the distillate concentration and the
distillation time was obtained.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 17
Figure B. 2. Relationship curve of distillate concentration to distillation time
B.6. The relationship of distillate volume to time
Suppose the data obtained from the experiment is
Table B.6. Data of distillate volume measurement
No. Time (minute) Distillate volume (mL) Cumulative volume (mL)
1. 3 14,5 14,5
2. 6 13,7 28,2
3. 9 12,6 40,8
4. 12 11,3 52,1
5. 15 11,1 63,2
6. 18 10,0 73,2
7. 21 9,5 82,7
8. 24 9,0 91,7
By diverting the distillate volume data to the distillation time, there is a
relationship of volume at each time or cumulative volume to the distillation time
and a graphic tendency can be seen.
7.6
7.8
8
8.2
8.4
8.6
8.8
9
9.2
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Eth
an
ol
fra
ctio
n (
%-m
ole
)
Time (menit)
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 18
Figure B. 3. Distillate volume relation curve to distillation time
Figure B. 4. Cumulative distalate volume relation curve to distillation time
B.7. Mass balance of distillation
In accordance with the law of conservation of mass for system without
reaction then
For example experimental data for distillation with 10% feed solution -mol ethanol
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Vo
lum
e (m
L)
Time (menit)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Vo
lum
e (m
L)
Time (minute)
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 19
Table B.7. Data table for the calculation of the distillate mass balance
Feed mass (g) 278,4
Final bottom mass (g) 180,6
Bottom sample mass (g) 19,6
The distillate mass (g) 77
gram
Loss of mass as much as 1.2 gram can be explained when done by calculation of mass
balance more detail by involving ethanol fraction of experiment analysis result so that can
know whether mass loss of water or ethanol and can be analyzed why mass balance
calculation is deviated as 0,43%.
C. Specification and Literature Data
Tablel C.1. Water density at various temperatures
(Source : Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC press, 64th Ed.)
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 20
(Source : Dortmund Data Bank)
Figure C.1. T-x-y diagram of water ethanol mixture at 1 atm
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 21
JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS CONTROL SHEET
No. Material Material properties Repressive act
1. Water
- Colorless
- No smell
- Non-toxic
- Boiling point: 100oC
- Melting point: 0oC
- Stable
- Delivers electricity
- No need special handling
because it is not harmful to the
body.
- Avoid substances scattered near
the power source.
2. Ethanol
-Liquid
-Colorless
-Easy to evaporate
-Flammable in both liquid and gas
form
-Smell light
-Boiling point: 78oC
- Melting point: -114oC
- Soluble in water
-Make sure the substance
container is closed when not
in use.
-Store in a place with good
ventilation.
-Avoid from the fire.
-Avoid contact with eyes and
mouth.
3. Acetone
-Liquid
-Colorless
- Smells strongly fragrant
- Soluble in water
- Good solvent
-Stable
- Not corrosive
- Boiling point: 58.02oC
- Melting point: -95.35oC
- Make sure the substance
container is closed when not
in use.
-Store in a place with good
ventilation.
- Avoid from the fire.
Avoid contact with eyes and
mouth.
4. Vaselin
- Shaped white gel
- Not reactive
- Melting point: 48oC-52
oC
- Flash point: 190oC
- Avoid contact with eyes
and mouth.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 22
Accidents that may occur Repressive act
Equipment breaks and fractions exposed to
body parts.
- Put the broken equipment in a stable
place so it is not easy to fall.
- The hot glass equipment is not directly
cooled with water.
- When fractions exposed to body parts
immediately contact the assistant to
provide first aid.
The vapors of the substance are exposed to
the eye resulting in irritation.
Rinse eyes with running water, seek medical
help.
Substances inhaled in large quantities. Immediately move to the open, breathe fresh
air, seek medical help.
Substances ignite fire and cause fire. Substances ignite fire and cause Fire
extinguisher with a damp cloth or fire
extinguishers, keep the fire away from
potentially flammable items, away from fire.
Shorting due to the entry of water to the
power source.
- Keep water from a power source.
- Clean and dry the stagnant water.
- If electrocuted, a non-stuck practitioner
should unplug an electrical connection
with rubber gloves, contact the assistant
and the clerk.
Safety equipment
Gloves Laboratory coat Goggle
Safety Procedures
Preparation of materials
- Acetone and alcohol are always placed
in a closed container so that the vapor is
not harmful.
- Keep acetone and alcohol from the fire.
- Keep acetone from soluble ingredients.
Tools preparation
- Put the equipment tightly and neatly,
attach the clamps in a prone area.
- Apply vaseline on each tool joint.
Post distillation
- Turn off the heater before discharging
the condenser water flow.
- Be careful on equipment that is still hot.
- Unplug the electricity and dry the work
Distillation
- Use boiling rocks during
distillation for homogeneous
heating.
- Flow the condenser water before
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
SIMPLE DISTILLATION MODULE (DIS)
DIS – 2016/PW 23
area. turning on the heater.
- Observe the distillation feed,
warm up to the exhausted feed can
be harmful to the distillation flask.
Assistant Advisor Lab TK Coordinator