Silvion Ltd - Silver Chloride Electrode > Silver Chloride … brochure.pdf10 3 REFERENCE ELECTRODES FOR USE IN CONCRETE Embeddable reference electrodes are vital elements of any CP

Silvion LtdThe Brambles, Grantham Road,

Old Somerby, Grantham, Lincolnshire NG33 4ABTelephone: 01476 590932Email: [email protected]

www.silvion.co.uk

SILVER/SILVER CHLORIDE REFERENCE ELECTRODES

FOR CATHODIC PROTECTION

Realise Your True Potentials

QUALITY CONTROL/ASSURANCE

112

SILVION REFERENCE ELECTRODES

Silvion Ltd is committed to quality and our policy is to achieve sustained, profitable growth by providing services that consistently meet or exceed the needs and expectations of our customers.

This level of quality is achieved through adoption of a system of procedures that reflect the competence of the company to existing customers, potential customers, and independent auditing authorities.

All our electrodes are fully tested, calibrated and supplied complete with a calibration certificate. They are individually identified with a unique number to ensure full traceability.

Silvion Ltd are proud to be sustaining and active members of the following prestigious organisations:

Established in 1943 by eleven corrosion engineers in the pipeline industry, NACE International has more than 60 years of experience in developing corrosion prevention and control standards. With over 25,000 members in over 100 countries NACE International has become the largest organisation in the world committed to the study of corrosion.

Silvion Ltd are pleased to be a Nickel Corporate Member.

The Corrosion Prevention Association represents consultants, contractors and manufacturers working in the field of corrosion prevention for concrete and masonry encased steel. The CPA acts as the leading authority and source of information on the subject of cathodic protection and other corrosion techniques and encourages research to ensure better understanding of the preservation of reinforced concrete structures and masonry clad steel framed buildings.

The aim of ICorr is to establish and promote sound corrosion education, knowledge and management practice.

cpa

Over 25 Years of Service to the Corrosion Prevention Industry

Silvion Ltd, established in 1984 by Electrochemist/Corrosion

Scientist Dr Pathmanaban, is the UK’s leading designer,

manufacturer and supplier of silver/silver chloride reference

electrodes for use in the cathodic protection (CP) industry.

Renowned worldwide in the corrosion prevention industry,

Silvion take pride in offering our clients top quality products that

include the latest advances in reference electrode technology. Our

products, have proven reliability and have been used extensively

in CP systems for the onshore/offshore oil & gas, petrochemical,

power and water industries and in marine and concrete structures.

Silvion reference electrodes are manufactured using an advanced

technique that results in a porous silver matrix being formed

around a silver wire skeleton. This porous matrix increases the

active area of the monitoring surface a hundredfold and also enables the deposition of a

larger quantity of silver chloride on the element, which is precisely controlled by electrolytic

coating to provide :

n High reliability

n High stability

n Greater accuracy

n Increased life performance.

Silvion have a highly qualified and experienced team of professionals that enables us to

provide practical and economical solutions to meet or exceed our clients’ requirements.

Silvion’s range of products include Ag/AgCl reference electrodes for:

n Concrete applications

Cooling water towers, seawater intakes, foundations, bridges, car parks, historic buildings

n Seawater applications

Jetties, wharves, harbours, offshore platforms, vessels, FPSOs

n Soil applications

Pipelines, buried tanks, under tank bottoms

n Potable water applications

Water storage tanks

n Specialist applications

Power plant, geophysical surveys, offshore surveys

Track Record

Over the past 25 years Silvion have supplied many thousands of various Ag/AgCl reference

electrodes to numerous prestigious projects worldwide.

E&OE. The information provided in this document was accurate at the time of publication. Photographs in this publication are for indicative purposes only.

PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS

TYPICAL APPLICATIONSSteel structures Concrete structures Marine structures

310

REFERENCE ELECTRODES FOR USE IN CONCRETE

Embeddable reference electrodes are vital elements of any CP system for the protection of steel re-bar in concrete. By measuring the potential of the steel with respect to the Ag/AgCl electrode the corrosion state and the effectiveness of the protection system can be judged.

Silvion have realised a 25 year track record for electrodes used in the CP of concrete, as we supplied our first electrodes for embedding in concrete during 1986.

Since this time we have supplied many thousands of our electrodes for concrete CP projects worldwide. We ensure that the predetermined chloride ion concentration around the element in our embeddable electrodes is maintained by using an inert electrolyte fully compatible with the Ag/AgCl element. Ionic continuity to the environment is via a micro-porous sintered disc.

Typical Applications:Bridges, seawater intakes, marine structures, buildings, cooling water towers etc.

WE10 Ag/AgCl 0.5M KCl Embeddable Reference Electrode

OUTER CASING MATERIAL: ACETALLENGTH: 60mm DIAMETER: 18mm SINTERED DISC DIAMETER: 15mm

SILVER CHLORIDE ELEMENTLENGTH: 15mm (+/- 2mm) DIAMETER: 6mm GEOMETRIC SURFACE AREA: 3cm2 REAL SURFACE AREA: 100cm2

MATERIALS: SILVER COMPOUNDS ARE 99.90% PURE

ELECTROLYTE: INERT ELECTROLYTE WITH 0.5 MOLAR KCl

PERFORMANCE DATA SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (< 1 MIN): 2mASTABILITY (POTENTIAL DRIFT AT CONSTANT TEMP AND ENVIRONMENT): +/-5mV (24hrs) @ 5 micro Amp loadACCURACY ( Vs SCE IN 3% NaCl @ 200C) -5mV +/-5mVTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: -0.65mV/Deg C LIFE IN CONCRETE: 20 YEARS (THEORETICAL) @ 0.1μA loadTEMPERATURE RANGE: -5 to +700C

REFERENCE ELECTRODES FOR USE IN POTABLE WATER

WE300 Ag/AgCl 0.05M KCl “Low Ion” Reference Electrode

OUTER CASING MATERIAL: ACETALLENGTH: 210mm DIAMETER: 32mm CERAMIC DISC DIAMETER: 20mm

SILVER CHLORIDE ELEMENTLENGTH: 50mm (+/- 2mm) WIDTH x DEPTH: 5 x 5mm GEOMETRIC SURFACE AREA: 10cm2 REAL SURFACE AREA: 500cm2



Type WE300 Potable Water Electrodes have been specifically designed to include a low ion electrolyte around the Ag/AgCl element and are used to monitor potential levels or to control the DC power supply output for cathodic protection systems installed inside fresh water tanks.

SPECIALIST REFERENCE ELECTRODES

Since 1984 Silvion have been designing and manufacturing specialist silver/silver chloride reference electodes for a range of different applications some of which are detailed below:

n Specially designed electrodes for use with underwater corrosion monitoring equipment.

n Specially designed electrodes for marine vessels.

n Specially designed electrodes for cooling water process plant.

n Specially designed electrodes with combined coupon

PERFORMANCE DATA SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (< 1 MIN): 20mASTABILITY (POTENTIAL DRIFT AT CONSTANT TEMP AND ENVIRONMENT): +/-10mV (24Hrs) @ 5 micro Amp loadACCURACY ( Vs SCE IN 0.3% NaCl @ 200C) -50mV +/-15mVTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: -0.65mV/Deg C USEFUL LIFE IN FRESH WATER: 30 YEARS (THEORETICAL) @ 0.1μA loadTEMPERATURE RANGE: -5 to +700C

4












9

REFERENCE ELECTRODES FOR USE IN SOIL

To ensure that satisfactory levels of cathodic protection are being achieved on buried structures and above ground storage tank bottoms, reference electrodes are permanently installed to measure structure/electrolyte potentials. They can also be used as a sensing electrode to control the DC power supply output to the CP systems.

Type WE200 permanent reference electrodes have been specifically designed for direct burial in soil and can be installed along pipeline routes at key monitoring points eg: test stations, drain point, cased crossings, isolation joints, HVAC parallelisms etc. They are also suitable for installation below tank bottoms to measure cathodic protection potential levels.

Typical Applications:Underground pipelines, underground in-plant pipework, underground tanks, mounded tanks, above ground storage tank bottoms.

WE200 Ag/AgCl 0.5M KCl Reference Electrode

OUTER CASING MATERIAL: ACETALLENGTH: 210mm DIAMETER: 32mm CERAMIC TUBE DIAMETER/LENGTH: 25mm/50mm

SILVER CHLORIDE ELEMENTLENGTH: 50mm (+/- 2mm) WIDTH x DEPTH 5 x 5mm GEOMETRIC SURFACE AREA: 10cm2 REAL SURFACE AREA: 500cm2





PERFORMANCE DATA SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (< 1 MIN): 20mASTABILITY (POTENTIAL DRIFT AT CONSTANT TEMP AND ENVIRONMENT): +/-1mV (24hrs) @ 5 micro Amp loadACCURACY ( Vs SCE IN 3% NaCl @ 200C) -5mV +/-5mVTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: -0.65mV/Deg C USEFUL LIFE IN SOIL: 30 YEARS (THEORETICAL) @ 0.1μA loadTEMPERATURE RANGE: -5 to +700C

5


WE100M Ag/AgCl 0.5M KCl Embeddable Reference Electrode





The WE100M is identical to the WE100 except that the unique design allows our clients to connect their own cable tail up to 1 x 6mm2 double insulated cable.

8

REFERENCE ELECTRODES FOR USE IN SEAWATER

CCS1-PORT Ag/AgCl Portable Seawater Reference Electrode

CCS1-PERM Ag/AgCl Permanent Seawater Reference Electrode

OUTER CASING

MATERIAL: ACETALLENGTH: 110mm DIAMETER: 22mm

SILVER CHLORIDE ELEMENT

LENGTH: 50mm (+/- 2mm) WIDTH x DEPTH: 5 x 5mm GEOMETRIC SURFACE AREA: 10cm2 REAL SURFACE AREA: 500cm2


OUTER CASING





PERFORMANCE DATA SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (< 1 MIN): 20mASTABILITY (POTENTIAL DRIFT AT CONSTANT TEMP AND ENVIRONMENT): +/-1mV (24hrs) @ 5 micro Amp loadACCURACY ( Vs SCE IN 3% NaCl @ 200C) -5mV +/-5mVTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: -0.65mV/Deg C USEFUL LIFE IN SEAWATER: 30 YEARS (THEORETICAL) @ 0.1μA loadTEMPERATURE RANGE: -5 to +700C

PERFORMANCE DATA SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (< 1 MIN): 20mASTABILITY (POTENTIAL DRIFT AT CONSTANT TEMP AND ENVIRONMENT): +/-1mV (24hrs) @ 5 micro Amp loadACCURACY ( Vs SCE IN 3% NaCl @ 200C) -5mV +/-5mVTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: -0.65mV/Deg C DESIGN LIFE: 15 YEARS TEMPERATURE RANGE: -5 to +700C


Typical UPVC Housing

6


ME100 Ag/AgCl 0.5M KCl Portable Mapping Reference Electrode




ELECTROLYTE: INERT SOLID ELECTROLYTE WITH 0.5 MOLAR KCl

Existing concrete structures that require potential assessment surveys to be carried out usually have representative areas surveyed using an Ag/AgCl mapping electrode to check the reinforcement steel for corrosion activity.

Type ME100 mapping electrodes are designed for use with a high input impedance (10MOhm) voltmeter to measure direct potentials on the concrete surface. The electrodes have an integral sponge for intimate contact with the concrete. The electrodes are also supplied complete with a solid cap that should be fitted to protect the ceramic contact disc when the electrode is not in use.

7


Cathodic protection systems installed on steel structures in seawater need to be monitored and it is usual to use a portable Ag/AgCl reference electrode to measure the steel to electrolyte potential to determine the level of corrosion protection being afforded to the structure. Portable Ag/AgCl reference electrodes are also used to measure structure/electrolyte potentials on steel structures in seawater to which cathodic protection has not been applied to determine if the structure is freely corroding or not as the case may be.

The Ag/AgCl element in these Reference Electrodes is directly exposed to the electrolyte, seawater; hence these reference electrodes are not suitable for use in any other medium. The SW100 electrode casing is weighted to give the electrode negative buoyancy and to ensure minimum disturbance from tidal movement.

Type CCS1-PORT electrode is a smaller version of the SW100. However, it is not weighted. Type CCS1-PERM electrode is identical to the CSS1-PORT and therefore needs to be assembled inside a protective housing for permanent installation (see typical UPVC housing, page 8).

Typical Applications:Jetties, wharves, offshore structures, seawater intakes etc.

SW100 Ag/AgCl Portable Seawater Reference Electrode

OUTER CASING





PERFORMANCE DATA SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (< 1 MIN): 20mASTABILITY (POTENTIAL DRIFT AT CONSTANT TEMP AND ENVIRONMENT): +/-1mV (24hrs) @ 5 micro Amp loadACCURACY ( Vs SCE IN 3% NaCl @ 200C) -5mV +/-5mVTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: -0.65mV/Deg C DESIGN LIFE: 3 YEARSTEMPERATURE RANGE: -5 to +700C


6


ME100 Ag/AgCl 0.5M KCl Portable Mapping Reference Electrode




ELECTROLYTE: INERT SOLID ELECTROLYTE WITH 0.5 MOLAR KCl

Existing concrete structures that require potential assessment surveys to be carried out usually have representative areas surveyed using an Ag/AgCl mapping electrode to check the reinforcement steel for corrosion activity.

Type ME100 mapping electrodes are designed for use with a high input impedance (10MOhm) voltmeter to measure direct potentials on the concrete surface. The electrodes have an integral sponge for intimate contact with the concrete. The electrodes are also supplied complete with a solid cap that should be fitted to protect the ceramic contact disc when the electrode is not in use.

7


Cathodic protection systems installed on steel structures in seawater need to be monitored and it is usual to use a portable Ag/AgCl reference electrode to measure the steel to electrolyte potential to determine the level of corrosion protection being afforded to the structure. Portable Ag/AgCl reference electrodes are also used to measure structure/electrolyte potentials on steel structures in seawater to which cathodic protection has not been applied to determine if the structure is freely corroding or not as the case may be.

The Ag/AgCl element in these Reference Electrodes is directly exposed to the electrolyte, seawater; hence these reference electrodes are not suitable for use in any other medium. The SW100 electrode casing is weighted to give the electrode negative buoyancy and to ensure minimum disturbance from tidal movement.

Type CCS1-PORT electrode is a smaller version of the SW100. However, it is not weighted. Type CCS1-PERM electrode is identical to the CSS1-PORT and therefore needs to be assembled inside a protective housing for permanent installation (see typical UPVC housing, page 8).

Typical Applications:Jetties, wharves, offshore structures, seawater intakes etc.

SW100 Ag/AgCl Portable Seawater Reference Electrode

OUTER CASING







5


WE100M Ag/AgCl 0.5M KCl Embeddable Reference Electrode





The WE100M is identical to the WE100 except that the unique design allows our clients to connect their own cable tail up to 1 x 6mm2 double insulated cable.

8


CCS1-PORT Ag/AgCl Portable Seawater Reference Electrode

CCS1-PERM Ag/AgCl Permanent Seawater Reference Electrode

OUTER CASING





OUTER CASING





PERFORMANCE DATA SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (< 1 MIN): 20mASTABILITY (POTENTIAL DRIFT AT CONSTANT TEMP AND ENVIRONMENT): +/-1mV (24hrs) @ 5 micro Amp loadACCURACY ( Vs SCE IN 3% NaCl @ 200C) -5mV +/-5mVTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: -0.65mV/Deg C USEFUL LIFE IN SEAWATER: 30 YEARS (THEORETICAL) @ 0.1μA loadTEMPERATURE RANGE: -5 to +700C

PERFORMANCE DATA SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (< 1 MIN): 20mASTABILITY (POTENTIAL DRIFT AT CONSTANT TEMP AND ENVIRONMENT): +/-1mV (24hrs) @ 5 micro Amp loadACCURACY ( Vs SCE IN 3% NaCl @ 200C) -5mV +/-5mVTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: -0.65mV/Deg C DESIGN LIFE: 15 YEARS TEMPERATURE RANGE: -5 to +700C


Typical UPVC Housing

4












9

REFERENCE ELECTRODES FOR USE IN SOIL

To ensure that satisfactory levels of cathodic protection are being achieved on buried structures and above ground storage tank bottoms, reference electrodes are permanently installed to measure structure/electrolyte potentials. They can also be used as a sensing electrode to control the DC power supply output to the CP systems.

Type WE200 permanent reference electrodes have been specifically designed for direct burial in soil and can be installed along pipeline routes at key monitoring points eg: test stations, drain point, cased crossings, isolation joints, HVAC parallelisms etc. They are also suitable for installation below tank bottoms to measure cathodic protection potential levels.

Typical Applications:Underground pipelines, underground in-plant pipework, underground tanks, mounded tanks, above ground storage tank bottoms.

WE200 Ag/AgCl 0.5M KCl Reference Electrode

OUTER CASING MATERIAL: ACETALLENGTH: 210mm DIAMETER: 32mm CERAMIC TUBE DIAMETER/LENGTH: 25mm/50mm

SILVER CHLORIDE ELEMENTLENGTH: 50mm (+/- 2mm) WIDTH x DEPTH 5 x 5mm GEOMETRIC SURFACE AREA: 10cm2 REAL SURFACE AREA: 500cm2





PERFORMANCE DATA SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (< 1 MIN): 20mASTABILITY (POTENTIAL DRIFT AT CONSTANT TEMP AND ENVIRONMENT): +/-1mV (24hrs) @ 5 micro Amp loadACCURACY ( Vs SCE IN 3% NaCl @ 200C) -5mV +/-5mVTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: -0.65mV/Deg C USEFUL LIFE IN SOIL: 30 YEARS (THEORETICAL) @ 0.1μA loadTEMPERATURE RANGE: -5 to +700C

310


Embeddable reference electrodes are vital elements of any CP system for the protection of steel re-bar in concrete. By measuring the potential of the steel with respect to the Ag/AgCl electrode the corrosion state and the effectiveness of the protection system can be judged.

Silvion have realised a 25 year track record for electrodes used in the CP of concrete, as we supplied our first electrodes for embedding in concrete during 1986.

Since this time we have supplied many thousands of our electrodes for concrete CP projects worldwide. We ensure that the predetermined chloride ion concentration around the element in our embeddable electrodes is maintained by using an inert electrolyte fully compatible with the Ag/AgCl element. Ionic continuity to the environment is via a micro-porous sintered disc.

Typical Applications:Bridges, seawater intakes, marine structures, buildings, cooling water towers etc.







REFERENCE ELECTRODES FOR USE IN POTABLE WATER

WE300 Ag/AgCl 0.05M KCl “Low Ion” Reference Electrode

OUTER CASING MATERIAL: ACETALLENGTH: 210mm DIAMETER: 32mm CERAMIC DISC DIAMETER: 20mm




Type WE300 Potable Water Electrodes have been specifically designed to include a low ion electrolyte around the Ag/AgCl element and are used to monitor potential levels or to control the DC power supply output for cathodic protection systems installed inside fresh water tanks.

SPECIALIST REFERENCE ELECTRODES

Since 1984 Silvion have been designing and manufacturing specialist silver/silver chloride reference electodes for a range of different applications some of which are detailed below:

n Specially designed electrodes for use with underwater corrosion monitoring equipment.

n Specially designed electrodes for marine vessels.

n Specially designed electrodes for cooling water process plant.

n Specially designed electrodes with combined coupon

PERFORMANCE DATA SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (< 1 MIN): 20mASTABILITY (POTENTIAL DRIFT AT CONSTANT TEMP AND ENVIRONMENT): +/-10mV (24Hrs) @ 5 micro Amp loadACCURACY ( Vs SCE IN 0.3% NaCl @ 200C) -50mV +/-15mVTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: -0.65mV/Deg C USEFUL LIFE IN FRESH WATER: 30 YEARS (THEORETICAL) @ 0.1μA loadTEMPERATURE RANGE: -5 to +700C

QUALITY CONTROL/ASSURANCE

112

SILVION REFERENCE ELECTRODES

Silvion Ltd is committed to quality and our policy is to achieve sustained, profitable growth by providing services that consistently meet or exceed the needs and expectations of our customers.

This level of quality is achieved through adoption of a system of procedures that reflect the competence of the company to existing customers, potential customers, and independent auditing authorities.

All our electrodes are fully tested, calibrated and supplied complete with a calibration certificate. They are individually identified with a unique number to ensure full traceability.

Silvion Ltd are proud to be sustaining and active members of the following prestigious organisations:

Established in 1943 by eleven corrosion engineers in the pipeline industry, NACE International has more than 60 years of experience in developing corrosion prevention and control standards. With over 25,000 members in over 100 countries NACE International has become the largest organisation in the world committed to the study of corrosion.

Silvion Ltd are pleased to be a Nickel Corporate Member.

The Corrosion Prevention Association represents consultants, contractors and manufacturers working in the field of corrosion prevention for concrete and masonry encased steel. The CPA acts as the leading authority and source of information on the subject of cathodic protection and other corrosion techniques and encourages research to ensure better understanding of the preservation of reinforced concrete structures and masonry clad steel framed buildings.

The aim of ICorr is to establish and promote sound corrosion education, knowledge and management practice.

cpa

Over 25 Years of Service to the Corrosion Prevention Industry

Silvion Ltd, established in 1984 by Electrochemist/Corrosion

Scientist Dr Pathmanaban, is the UK’s leading designer,

manufacturer and supplier of silver/silver chloride reference

electrodes for use in the cathodic protection (CP) industry.

Renowned worldwide in the corrosion prevention industry,

Silvion take pride in offering our clients top quality products that

include the latest advances in reference electrode technology. Our

products, have proven reliability and have been used extensively

in CP systems for the onshore/offshore oil & gas, petrochemical,

power and water industries and in marine and concrete structures.

Silvion reference electrodes are manufactured using an advanced

technique that results in a porous silver matrix being formed

around a silver wire skeleton. This porous matrix increases the

active area of the monitoring surface a hundredfold and also enables the deposition of a

larger quantity of silver chloride on the element, which is precisely controlled by electrolytic

coating to provide :

n High reliability

n High stability

n Greater accuracy

n Increased life performance.

Silvion have a highly qualified and experienced team of professionals that enables us to

provide practical and economical solutions to meet or exceed our clients’ requirements.

Silvion’s range of products include Ag/AgCl reference electrodes for:

n Concrete applications

Cooling water towers, seawater intakes, foundations, bridges, car parks, historic buildings

n Seawater applications

Jetties, wharves, harbours, offshore platforms, vessels, FPSOs

n Soil applications

Pipelines, buried tanks, under tank bottoms

n Potable water applications

Water storage tanks

n Specialist applications

Power plant, geophysical surveys, offshore surveys

Track Record

Over the past 25 years Silvion have supplied many thousands of various Ag/AgCl reference

electrodes to numerous prestigious projects worldwide.

E&OE. The information provided in this document was accurate at the time of publication. Photographs in this publication are for indicative purposes only.

PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS

TYPICAL APPLICATIONSSteel structures Concrete structures Marine structures

Silvion LtdThe Brambles, Grantham Road,

Old Somerby, Grantham, Lincolnshire NG33 4ABTelephone: 01476 590932Email: [email protected]

www.silvion.co.uk

SILVER/SILVER CHLORIDE REFERENCE ELECTRODES

FOR CATHODIC PROTECTION

Realise Your True Potentials

Documents

Silvion Ltd - Silver Chloride Electrode > Silver Chloride … brochure.pdf10 3 REFERENCE ELECTRODES FOR USE IN CONCRETE Embeddable reference electrodes are vital elements of any CP