Silver Taiga Foundation Syktyvkar, Republic of Komi, U k r ... › documents › meetings › tac › 13th… · 22.10.2012 Silver Taiga Foundation 1 Issues of sustainable management

2012/10/22

1

22.10.2012 Silver Taiga Foundation 1

Issues of sustainable management of soil in

northern forests - experience from Komi

Model Forest, Russia.

Przemyslaw Majewski

Silver Taiga Foundation

Komi Model Forest

Syktyvkar, Republic of Komi,

www.silvertaiga.ru


#Y

#

#

#

30 E 60 E 90 E

60 N

Polar circle~ 66.5 N

KomiRepublic

Finland

Russia

Kazakhstan

Ukraine

Arkhangelsk

Syktyvkar

Kirov

Moscow

Komi Model Forest and region of its influence

Silver Taiga Foundation

State Forestry Agencyfor the Komi Republic

2012/10/22

2


Climate

Sweden (Stockholm)

-12

+18

110

-7 +15 120-130

-7; +15; 150-170

-18

-18

+13

90-150

-10

+11

80-130

-11

+15

60-110

-14

+18

110-130

-2

+18

150-180

+9 72-110

-7

+17

120-130 January

July

vegetation period Silver Taiga Foundation


Roads with hard cover (km/1000 km2)

Sweden ca 250-400

North-West total – 40

13

1

13

17

37

78

180 159

127

2012/10/22

3


Forests of the Komi Republic

Pine forest – frequent ground fire dynamics



Pine – spruce forest

Photo Przemyslaw Majewski – Silver Taiga Foundation

2012/10/22

4



Spruce




Birch forest as succession after fire in spruce forest

2012/10/22

5



Spruce forest landscape after large fire




Spruce forest with gap dynamic and long continuity

situated along river

2012/10/22

6


Logging


Soil damage in 1990-ties 29% of logging area, productivity decrease 35%

2012/10/22

7


Large scale clear-cutting

Photo Przemyslaw Majewski


Soil damage along stream and on wet site


2012/10/22

8


Road across wet sites



Soil damage by logging transport

Photo Youri Pautov

2012/10/22

9


Erosion after logging

Photo Youri Pautov


Strengthening of logging track

Photo Youri Pautov

2012/10/22

10


Why it is happening with soil?

• Staff of logging companies is not trained on how to avoid soil damage,

• Staff of logging companies is sometimes not aware of the damage,

• Fine for soil damage is treated as tax,

• Logging plan for winter and summer seasons is not based on map of soils sensitivity,

• Map of soil sensitivity can be established, but need cooperation of 4 agencies,

• Very low density of hard cover roads push for winter logging which is providing ca 70-80% of wood volume,

• Soil is frozen in winter ca 6 months, but last 4-5 years the winter season is shortened down to 4 months,

• Pine forest on sandy soils which could be alternative to winter logging has been logged many years ago as the most easy target,

• Logging is still dominated by pioneer approach,


Soil proposals

• Map with sensitive soils should be produced for all relevant forests and be available for interested parties,

• Consideration of soil sensitivity data should obligatory during planning process of logging, transport and road building,

• Relevant staff of logging companies should be trained on method of avoidance of soil damage,

• Gradual shift from pioneer logging toward forest management with investment in forest roads with hard cover,

• Fine should be progressive if damage is repeated (condition is that first three points are fulfilled),

• Logistic and long-term planning in logging companies should be considerably improved,

• Topographic map of high quality should be developed and accessible for planning departments of logging companies, state forest service and companies servicing with planning of logging and logistic,

Documents

Silver Taiga Foundation Syktyvkar, Republic of Komi, U k r ... › documents › meetings › tac › 13th… · 22.10.2012 Silver Taiga Foundation 1 Issues of sustainable management