Upload
vaithy1990
View
212
Download
36
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Siemens Transformers
Citation preview
chapter 5
Transformers
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:05 Uhr Seite C
Transformers are one of the primarycomponents for the transmission anddistribution of electrical energy. Theirdesign mainly results from the rangeof application, construction, ratedpower and voltage level.
The scope of transformer types ex-tends from generator transformers todistribution transformers.
Distribution transformers are withinthe range from 50 to 2,500 kVA andmax. 36 kV. In the last stage, theydistribute the electrical energy to theconsumers by feeding from the high-voltage into the low-voltage distribu-tion network. These are designed ei-ther as liquid-filled or as dry-typetransformers.
Transformers with a rated power upto 2.5 MVA and a voltage up to 36 kVare referred to as distribution trans-formers; all transformers of higherratings are classified as power trans-formers.
General standards andspecifications
The transformers comply with therelevant VDE specifications, i.e. DIN VDE 0532 “Transformers andreactors” and the “Technical condi-tions of supply for three-phase trans-formers” issued by VDEW and ZVEI.
Therefore they also satisfy the re-quirements of IEC Publication 60076,Parts 1 to 5, together with thestandards and specifications (HD andEN) of the European Union (EU).
Enquiries should be directed to themanufacturer where other standardsand specifications are concerned.Only the US (ANSI/NEMA) and Cana-dian (CSA) standards differ from IECby any substantial degree.
Important additional standards
C DIN 42500, HD 428: oil-immersedthree-phase distribution transform-ers 50–2500 kVA
C DIN 42523, HD 538: three-phase dry-type transformers100–2500 kVA
C DIN 45635 T30: noise levelC IEC 60289: reactance coils and
neutral grounding transformersC IEC 60076-10: measurement of
noise levelC IEC 60076-11: dry-type transformersC RAL: coating/varnish
5 Transformers
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/2
Rated power Max. operating voltageMVA kV
Oil distribution 0.05 – 2.5 ≤ 36transformers
GEAFOL cast-resin 0.10 – 40 ≤ 36transformers
Table 5/1 Transformer types
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:05 Uhr Seite 2
Electrical Design
Power ratings and type of cooling
All power ratings in this guide are the product of rated voltage (no-load voltage times phase-factor for three-phase transformers) andrated current of the line side winding(at center tap, if several taps areprovided), expressed in kVA or MVA,as defined in IEC 60076-1. If only onepower rating and no cooling methodare shown, natural oil-air cooling(ONAN or OA) is implied for oil-immersed transformers. If tworatings are shown, forced-air cooling(ONAF or FA) in one or two steps isapplicable.
For cast-resin transformers, naturalair cooling (AN) is standard. Forced-air cooling (AF) is also applicable.
Temperature rise
In accordance with IEC 60076, thestandard temperature rise for oil-im-mersed power and distribution trans-formers is:
C 65 K (average winding temperaturemeasured by the resistance meth-od)
C 60 K maximum oil temperature(measured by thermometer)
The standard temperature rise forSiemens cast-resin transformers is
C 100 K (insulation class F) at HV andLV winding.
Whereby the standard ambient tem-peratures are defined as follows:C 40 °C maximum temperature,C 30 °C average on any one day,C 20 °C average in any one year,C –25 °C lowest temperature out-
doors,C –5 °C lowest temperature indoors.
Higher ambient temperatures requirea corresponding reduction in temper-ature rise, and thus affect price orrated power as follows:C 1.5% surcharge for each 1 K above
standard temperature conditions,or
C 1.0% reduction of rated power foreach 1 K above standard tempera-ture conditions.
These adjustment factors are applica-ble up to 15 K above standard tem-perature conditions.
Altitude of installation
The transformers are suitable for op-eration at altitudes up to 1000 me-tres above sea level. Site altitudesabove 1000 m necessitate the use ofspecial designs. For every 100 mabove the permissible altitude of in-stallation, the rated power for oil-im-mersed transformers is to be re-duced by approx. 0.4% and for dry-type transformers for approx. 0.5%.
55/3
Transformers
Dy1
iii
Dy5
Dy11
Yd1
Yd5
Yd11
ii
i
III II
I1
iiiii
iIII II
I
5
iiiii
i
III II
I11
iii
iii
III II
I11
iiiii
iIII II
I
5
iii
ii
i
III II
I1
Fig. 5/1 Most commonly used vector groups
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:05 Uhr Seite 3
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/4
Transformer losses andefficiencies
Losses and efficiencies stated in thismanual are average values for guid-ance only. They are applicable if noloss evaluation figure is stated in theinquiry (see following chapter) andthey are subject to the tolerancesstated in IEC 60076-1, namely +10%of the total losses, or +15% of eachcomponent loss, provided that thetolerance for the total losses is notexceeded.
If optimized and/or guaranteed losseswithout tolerances are required, thismust be stated in the inquiry.
Connections and vector groups
Distribution transformersThe transformers listed in this man-ual are all three-phase transformerswith one set of windings connectedin star (wye) and the other one indelta, whereby the neutral of thestar-connected winding is fully ratedand brought to the outside.
The primary winding (HV) is normallyconnected in delta, the secondarywinding (LV) in wye. The electricaloffset of the windings in respect toeach other is either 30, 150 or 330degrees standard (Dy1, Dy5, Dy11).Other vector groups as well as sin-gle-phase transformers and auto-transformers on request.
Test voltages
Power-frequency withstand voltagesand lightning-impulse withstandvoltages are in accordance with IEC 60076-3, Paragraph 5, Table II, asfollows:
Conversion to 60 Hz – possibilities
All ratings in the selection tables ofthis guide are based on 50 Hz opera-tion. For 60 Hz operation, the follow-ing options apply:C Rated power and impedance volt-
age are increased by 10%, all otherparameters remain identical.
C Rated power increases by 20%,but no-load losses increase by 30%and noise level increases by 3 dB,all other parameters remain identi-cal (this layout is not possible forcast-resin transformers).
C All technical data remain identical,price is reduced by 5%.
C Temperature rise is reduced by 10 K, load losses are reduced by15%, all other parameters remainidentical.
Overloading
Overloading of Siemens transformersis guided by the relevant IEC 60354“Loading guide for oil-immersedtransformers” and the (similar) ANSIC57.92 “Guide for loading mineral-oil-immersed power transformers.”
Overloading of GEAFOL cast-resintransformers according to IEC 60905"Loading guide."
Routine and special tests
All transformers are subjected to thefollowing routine tests in the factory:C Measurement of winding resist-
anceC Measurement of voltage ratio and
check of polarity or vector groupC Measurement of impedance volt-
ageC Measurement of load lossC Measurement of no-load loss and
no-load currentC Induced overvoltage withstand test
(windings test)C Separate-source voltage withstand
test (AC test voltage)C Partial discharge test (only GEAFOL
cast-resin transformers).
The following special tests are op-tional and must be specified furtherin the enquiry:C Lightning-impulse voltage test
(LI test), full-wave and chopped-wave (to be specified)
C Partial discharge testC Heat-run test at natural or forced
cooling (to be specified)C Noise level testC Peak short-circuit test.
Test certificates are issued for all ofthe above tests on request.
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:05 Uhr Seite 4
Transformer cell (indoor installation)
The transformer cell must have thenecessary electrical clearances whenan open-air connection is used. Theventilation system must be largeenough to fulfil the recommendationsfor the maximum temperatures ac-cording to IEC.
Transformer loss evaluation
The sharply increased costs of elec-trical energy have made it almostmandatory for buyers of electricalmachinery to carefully evaluate theinherent losses of this equipment. Incase of distribution and power trans-formers, which operate continuouslyand most frequently in loaded condi-tion, this is especially important. Asan example, the added cost of loss-optimized transformers can in mostcases be counterbalanced by savingsin power consumption in less thanthree years.
Low-loss transformers use more andbetter materials for their construction,therefore their purchase price ishigher. By stipulating loss evaluationfigures in the transformer enquiry, themanufacturer receives the necessaryinformation to offer a loss-optimizedtransformer rather than the low-costmodel.
Detailed loss evaluation methods fortransformers have been developedand are described accurately in theliterature, taking the project-specificevaluation factors of a given cus-tomer into account.
Table 5/2 gives a simplified methodfor a quick evaluation of differentquoted transformer losses, makingthe following assumptions:C The transformers are operated con-
tinuouslyC The transformers operate at partial
load, but this partial load is constant
C Additional cost and inflation factorsare not considered
C Demand charges are based on100% load.
55/5
Transformers
Table 5/2 Cost examination for transformer selection
A. Capital cost
Cp · r amountCC = –––––– –––––––
100 year
Cp = purchase price
p · qnr = –––––– = depreciation factor
qn – 1
pq = –––– + 1 = interest factor
100
p = interest rate in % p.a.
n = depreciation period in years
B. Cost of no-load loss
amount CP0 = Ce · 8760 h /year · P0 –––––––
year
amount Ce = energy charges –––––––
kWh
P0 = no-load loss [kW]
C. Cost of load loss
amount CPk = Ce · 8760 h /year · αα2 · Pk –––––––
year
constant operating load α = ––––––––––––––––––––––––
rated load
Pk = copper loss [kW]
D. Cost resulting from demand charges
amount CD = Cd (P0 + Pk) –––––––
year
amount Cd = demand charges ––––––––
kW · year
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:05 Uhr Seite 5
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/6
The total cost of owning and operat-ing a transformer for one year is thusdefined as follows:
A. Capital cost (CC) taking into account the purchaseprice (Cp), the interest rate (p), andthe depreciation period (n)
B. Cost of no-load loss (CP0) based on the no-load loss (P0), andenergy cost (Ce)
C. Cost of load loss (CPk) based on the copper loss (Pk), theequivalent annual load factor (α),and energy cost (Ce)
D. Demand charges (Cd)based on the power demand setby the power supply company,and the total power loss.
These individual costs are calculatedas shown in Table 5/2.
To demonstrate the usefulness ofsuch calculations, the following arbi-trary examples are shown, using fac-tors that can be considered typical inGermany, and neglecting the effectsof inflation on the rate assumed.
Depreciation period................................. n = 20 years Depreciation factorInterest rate ............................................ p = 12% p.a. r = 13.99
Energy charge ......................................... Ce = 0.13 €/kWh
€Demand charge....................................... Cd = 179 –––––––
kW · yearEquivalent annual load factor .................. α = 0.8
Table 5/3 Example: 1,600 kVA distribution transformer
A. Low-cost transformer
P0 = 2.6 kW no-load lossPk = 20 kW load lossCp = € 12800 purchase price
12,800 · 13.99Cd = ––––––––––––––
100= € 1,790/year
CP0 = 0.13 · 8760 · 2.6= € 2,961/year
CPk = 0.13 · 8760 · 0.64 ·20= € 14,580/year
C0 = 179 · (2.6 + 20)= € 4,045/year
Total cost of owning and operating thistransformer is thus:
€ 23,376/year
B. Loss-optimized transformer
P0 = 1.7 kW no-load lossPk = 17 kW load lossCp = € 14300 purchase price
14,300 · 13.99Cd = ––––––––––––––
100= € 2,000/year
CP0 = 0.13 · 8760 · 1.7= € 1,936/year
CPk = 0.13 · 8760 · 0.64 ·17= € 12,390/year
C0 = 179 · (1.7 + 17)= € 3,350/year
Total cost of owning and operating thistransformer is thus:
€ 19,676/year
The energy saving of the optimized distribution transformer of € 3,700 per yearpays for the increased purchase price in less than one year.
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:05 Uhr Seite 6
Mechanical Design
General mechanical design for oil-immersed transformers
C Iron core made of grain-orientedelectrical sheet steel insulated onboth sides, core-type
C Windings consisting of copper sec-tion wire, copper band or aluminumband. The insulation has a high dis-ruptive strength and is tempera-ture-resistant, thus guaranteeing along service life
C Designed to withstand short circuitfor at least 2 seconds (IEC)
C Oil-filled tank designed as tank withstrong corrugated walls or as radia-tor tank
C Transformer base with plain orflanged wheels (skid base avail-able)
C Cooling/insulation liquid: Mineral oilaccording to VDE 0370/IEC 60296(3).Silicone oil or synthetic liquids areavailable (on request)
C Standard coating for outdoor instal-lation. Coatings for special applica-tions (e.g. in aggressive environ-ments) are available
Tank design and oil preservationsystem
TUMETIC® sealed-tank distributiontransformersIn ratings up to 2,500 kVA and 170 kVLI this is the standard sealed-tankdistribution transformer withoutconservator and gas cushion. TheTUMETIC transformer is alwayscompletely filled with oil; oil expan-sion is taken up by the flexible corru-gated steel tank (variable volumetank design), whereby the maximum
operating pressure remains at only afraction of the usual. These trans-formers are always shipped com-pletely filled with oil and sealed for their lifetime. Bushings can beexchanged from the outside withoutdraining the oil below the top of theactive part.
The hermetically sealed system pre-vents oxygen, nitrogen, or humidityfrom contact with the insulating oil.This improves the ageing propertiesof the oil to the extent that no main-tenance is required on these trans-formers for their lifetime. Generally,the TUMETIC transformer is lowerthan the TUNORMA®transformer.This design has been in successfulservice since 1973. A specialTUMETIC protection device has beendeveloped for this transformer.
TUNORMA distribution transform-ers with conservator This is the standard distribution trans-former design in all ratings. The oillevel in the tank and the top-mountedbushings is kept constant by a con-servator vessel or expansion tankmounted at the highest point of thetransformer. Oil level changes due tothermal cycling affect the conserva-tor only. The ambient air is preventedfrom direct contact with the insulat-ing oil through oil traps and dehydrat-ing breathers.
Tanks from 50 kVA to approximately6,000 kVA are preferably of the cor-rugated steel design, whereby thesidewalls are formed on automaticmachines into integral cooling pock-ets. Suitable spot welds and bracesrender the required mechanicalstability. Tank bottom and cover arefabricated from rolled and weldedsteel plate.
55/7
Transformers
Photo 5/2 630 kVA, three-phase, TUNORMA20 kV ± 2.5 %/0.4 kV distributiontransformer
Photo 5/1 Cross section of a TUMETICthree-phase distributiontransformer
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:05 Uhr Seite 7
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/8
Connection Systems
Distribution transformers
All Siemens transformers have top-mounted HV and LV bushings accord-ing to DIN in their standard version.Besides the open bushing arrange-ment for direct connection of bare orinsulated wires, three basic insulatedterminal systems are available.
Fully enclosed terminal box forcables (Photo 5/3)
Available for either HV or LV side, orfor both. Horizontally split design indegree of protection IP 44 or IP 54(totally enclosed and fully protectedagainst contact with live parts, plusprotection against drip, splash orspray water).
Cable installation through split cableglands and removable plates facingdiagonally downwards. Suitable forsingle-core or three-phase cableswith solid dielectric insulation, withor without stress cones. Multiple ca-bles per phase are terminated onauxiliary bus structures attached tothe bushings. Removal of trans-former by simply bending back thecables.
Insulated plug connectors (Photo 5/4)
For substation installations, suitableHV can be applied using insulatedelbow connectors in LI ratings up to170 kV. Flange connection (Photo 5/5)
Air-insulated bus ducts, insulatedbusbars or throat-connectedswitchgear cubicles are connectedvia standardized flanges on steel ter-minal enclosures. These can accom-modate either HV, LV or both bush-ings. Fiberglass-reinforced epoxy
partitions are available between HVand LV bushings if flange/flangearrangements are chosen.
Apart from open-type arrangementsof the bushings, all terminal systemcombinations listed in Table 5/4 arepossible.
Photo 5/3 Fully enclosed cable connection box
Photo 5/4 Grounded metal elbow plug connection
Photo 5/5 Flange connection for switchgearand bus ducts
HV LV
Cable box Cable box
Cable box Flange
Flange Cable box
Flange Flange connection boxes
Elbow Cable boxconnector
Elbow Flangeconnector
Table 5/4 Possible combinations of connection systems
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:08 Uhr Seite 8
Accessories and ProtectiveDevices
Accessories not listed completely.Deviations are possible.
Double-float Buchholz relay (Photo 5/6)
For sudden pressure rise and gas de-tection in oil-immersed transformertanks with conservator. Installed inthe connecting pipe between tankand conservator and responding to in-ternal arcing faults and slow decom-position of insulating materials. Addi-tionally, backup function of oil alarm.
The relay is actuated either by pres-sure waves or gas accumulation orby loss of oil below the relay level.Separate contacts are installed foralarm and tripping.
In case of a gas accumulation alarm,gas samples can be drawn directly atthe relay with a small chemical test-ing kit. Discoloring of two liquids indi-cates either arcing by-products or in-sulation decomposition products inthe oil. No change in color indicatesan air bubble.
Dial-type contact thermometer(Photo 5/7)
Indicates actual top-oil temperature.Sensor mounted in well in tankcover. Up to four separately ad-justable alarm contacts and one maxi-mum pointer are available. Installedto be readable from the ground.These instruments can also be usedto control forced-cooling equipment.
Magnetic oil level indicator (Photo 5/8)
The float position inside of the con-servator is transmitted magneticallythrough the tank wall to the indicator.Devices supplied with limit (position)switches for high- and low-levelalarm are available. Readable fromthe ground.
55/9
Transformers
Photo 5/6 Double-float Buchholz relay Photo 5/7 Dial-type contact thermometer
Photo 5/8 Magnetic oil level indicator
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:09 Uhr Seite 9
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/10
Protective device for hermeticallysealed transformers (TUMETIC)(Photo 5/9)
For use on hermetically sealedTUMETIC distribution transformers.Gives alarm upon loss of oil and gasaccumulation. Mounted directly atthe (permanently sealed) filler pipe ofthese transformers.
Pressure relief device (Photo 5/12)
Relieves abnormally high internalpressure shock waves. Easily visibleoperation pointer and alarm contact.Reseals positively after operation andcontinues to function without opera-tor action.
Dehydrating breather (Photos 5/10, 5/11)
A dehydrating breather removesmost of the moisture from the airwhich is drawn into the conservatoras the transformer cools down. Thedehydrating breather contributes tosafe and reliable operation of thetransformer.
Photo 5/9 Protective device for hermetically sealed transformers (TUMETIC)
Photo 5/10 Dehydrating breather Photo 5/11 Dehydrating breather
Photo 5/12 Pressure relief device
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:10 Uhr Seite 10
Technical Data ofTUNORMA and TUMETICDistribution Transformers
Note: The tank with strong corru-gated walls represented in Fig. 5/3 isthe preferred design. For high volt-ages up to 24 kV and a rating up to2,500 kVA (and with high voltages >24–36 kV and a rating up to 800 kVA),the conservator is fitted at the verti-cal side just above the low-voltagebushings.
Losses
The standard HD 428.1.S1 (= DIN42500, Part 1) applies to three-phaseoil-immersed distribution transform-ers 50 Hz, from 50 kVA to 2,500 kVA,Um to 24 kV.
For load losses (Pk), three differentlistings (A, B and C) were specified.There were also three listings (A’, B’and C’) for no-load losses (P0) andcorresponding sound levels.
Due to the different requirements,pairs of values were proposed which,in the national standard, permit oneor several combinations of losses.
DIN 42500 specifies the combina-tions A-C’, C-C’ and B-A’ as beingmost suitable.
The combinations B-A’ (normallosses) and A-C’ (reduced losses) areapproximately in line with previousstandards. In addition, there is the C-C’ combination. Transformers ofthis kind with additionally reducedimpedance especially economical(maximum efficiency > 99%). Thehigher costs of these transformersare counteracted by the energy sav-ings which they make.
Standard HD 428.3.S1 (= DIN 42500-3)specifies the losses for oil distribu-tion transformers up to Um = 36 kV.For load losses, the listings D and E,
for no-load losses, the listings D’ andE’ were specified. In order to find themost efficient transformer, pleasesee the aforementioned section on“Transformer loss evaluation.”
55/11
Transformers
Standard DIN 42500
Rated power 50–2500 kVA
Rated frequency 50 Hz
HV rating up to 36 kV
Taps on HV side ± 2.5 % or 2 x ± 2.5 %
LV rating 400 – 720 V (special designs for up to 12 kVcan be built)
Connection HV winding: delta
LV winding: star (up to 100 kVA: zigzag)
Impedance voltage at 6 % at (4 % only up to 630 kVA rated rated current power and HV rating
up to 24 kV)
Cooling ONAN
Protection class IP 00
Final coating RAL 7033 (other colors are available)
Um Lightning impulse test voltage AC test voltagekV kV kV
1.1 – 3
12 75 28
24 125 50
36 170 70
Table 5/6 Insulation level (IP 00)
Table 5/5 TUMETIC and TUNORMA three-phase oil-immersed distribution transformers
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:10 Uhr Seite 11
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/12
2W2V2U2N
1W2U1U
8
A1
2
H1
11
12
9
7
10
E
3 8
6
B1
2W2V2U2N
1W2U1U
8A1
2
H1
9
7
10
E
3 8
6
B1
4 15
2 Oil drain plug
3 Thermometer pocket
6 Adjustment for off-load tap changer
7 Rating plate (relocatable)
8 Grounding terminals
1 Oil level indicator
2 Oil drain plug
3 Thermometer pocket
4 Buchholz relay (optional extra)
5 Dehydrating breather (optional extra)
6 Adjustment for off-load tap changer
7 Rating plate (relocatable)
8 Grounding terminals
9 Towing eye, 30 mm dia.
10 Lashing lug
Notes: Tank with strong corrugated walls shown in illustration is the preferred design. With HV ratings up to 24 kV and rated power up to 2,500 kVA (and with HV ratings > 24–36 kV and rated power up to 800 kVA), the conservator is fitted on the long side just above the LV bushings.
9 Towing eye, 30 mm dia.
10 Lashing lug
11 Oil filler neck
12 Provision for mounting protective device
Fig. 5/2 TUMETIC distribution transformer (sealed tank)
Fig. 5/3 TUNORMA distribution transformer (with conservator)
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:10 Uhr Seite 12
Rated
power
Sn
kVA
Max.
rated
voltage
HV side
Um
kV
Imped-
ance
voltage
Uz
%
Combi-
nation of
losses
acc. to
CENELEC
No-load
losses
P0
W
Load
losses
Pk 75*
W
Sound
pressure
level 1 m
tolerance
+ 3 dB
LPA
dB
Sound
power
level
LWA
dB
Total
weight
kg
Roller-
to-roller
distance
(centers)
E
mm
Dimensions
Length Width Height
A1 B1 H1
mm mm mm
Type
4JB.. 4HB..
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
50
100
160
(200)
12
24
36
12
24
36
12
24
36
12
24
36
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
..4744-3LB
..4744-3RB
..4744-3TB
..4767-3LB
..4767-3RB
..4767-3TB
..4780-3CB
..5044-3LB
..5044-3RB
..5044-3TB
..5067-3LB
..5067-3RB
..5067-3TB
..5080-3CB
..5244-3LA
..5244-3RA
..5244-3TA
..5267-3LA
..5267-3RA
..5267-3TA
..5280-3CA
..5344-3LA
..5344-3RA
..5344-3TA
..5367-3LA
..5367-3RA
..5367-3TA
..5380-3CA
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-D´
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-D´
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-D´
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-D´
190
125
125
190
125
125
230
320
210
210
320
210
210
380
460
300
300
460
300
300
520
550
360
360
550
360
360
600
1350
1100
875
1350
1100
875
1450
2150
1750
1475
2150
1750
1475
2350
3100
2350
2000
3100
2350
2000
3350
3600
2760
2350
3600
2760
2350
3800
42
34
34
42
34
33
x
45
35
35
45
35
35
x
47
37
38
47
37
37
x
48
38
38
48
38
38
x
55
47
47
55
47
47
52
59
49
49
59
49
49
56
62
52
52
62
52
52
59
63
53
53
63
53
53
61
340
400
420
370
430
480
500
500
570
600
520
600
640
660
620
700
760
660
730
800
900
720
840
900
800
890
950
1000
350
430
440
380
460
510
x
500
570
620
530
610
680
x
610
690
780
640
730
820
x
710
830
920
780
910
980
x
860
825
835
760
860
880
1000
1090
980
1030
1020
1030
960
1050
1140
1130
985
1150
1030
1120
1120
1190
1070
1130
1290
1110
1080
1250
980
1045
985
860
860
1100
x
1020
980
930
1140
1030
1060
x
1140
1010
1085
1150
930
1120
x
1190
1120
1130
1290
1230
1180
x
660
660
660
660
660
685
710
660
660
660
685
690
695
780
710
660
660
695
695
710
800
680
660
660
820
755
705
800
660
660
660
660
660
685
710
660
660
660
685
690
695
780
710
660
660
695
695
710
800
680
660
660
820
755
705
800
1210
1210
1220
1315
1300
1385
1530
1275
1315
1320
1360
1400
1425
1600
1350
1390
1380
1440
1540
1475
1700
1450
1470
1450
1595
1630
1595
1700
1085
1085
1095
1235
1220
1265
x
1110
1145
1150
1245
1280
1305
x
1185
1220
1215
1320
1420
1355
x
1285
1300
1285
1425
1460
1430
x
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
55/13
Dimensions and weights are approximate values.
Power ratings in parentheses are not standardized.
x: On request
* Related to 75 °C
Table 5/7 Selection table for oil-immersed distribution transformers from 50 to 2,500 kVA
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:10 Uhr Seite 13
Rated
power
Sn
kVA
Max.
rated
voltage
HV side
Um
kV
Imped-
ance
voltage
Uz
%
Combi-
nation of
losses
acc. to
CENELEC
No-load
losses
P0
W
Load
losses
Pk 75*
W
Sound
pressure
level 1 m
tolerance
+ 3 dB
LPA
dB
Sound
power
level
LWA
dB
Total
weight
kg
Roller-
to-roller
distance
(centers)
E
mm
Dimensions
Length Width Height
A1 B1 H1
mm mm mm
Type
4JB.. 4HB..TU
NO
RMA
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
250
(315)
400
(500)
12
24
36
12
24
36
12
24
36
12
24
36
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
..5444-3LA
..5444-3RA
..5444-3TA
..5467-3LA
..5467-3RA
..5467-3TA
..5480-3CA
..5544-3LA
..5544-3RA
..5544-3TA
..5567-3LA
..5567-3RA
..5567-3TA
..5580-3CA
..5644-3LA
..5644-3RA
..5644-3TA
..5667-3LA
..5667-3RA
..5667-3TA
..5580-3CA
..5744-3LA
..5744-3RA
..5744-3TA
..5767-3LA
..5767-3RA
..5767-3TA
..5780-3CA
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-E´
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-E´
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-E´
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-E´
650
425
425
650
425
425
650
780
510
510
780
510
510
760
930
610
610
930
610
610
930
1100
720
720
1100
720
720
1050
4200
3250
2750
4200
3250
2750
4250
5000
3850
3250
5000
3850
3250
5400
6000
4600
3850
6000
4600
3850
6200
7100
5450
4550
7100
5450
4550
7800
50
40
40
49
39
40
x
50
40
40
50
40
40
x
52
42
42
52
42
42
x
53
42
43
53
42
43
x
65
55
55
65
55
55
62
66
56
56
66
56
56
64
68
58
58
68
58
58
65
69
59
59
69
59
59
66
830
940
1050
920
1010
1120
1100
980
1120
1240
1050
1170
1250
1220
1180
1320
1470
1240
1370
1490
1480
1410
1650
1700
1460
1650
1860
1680
820
920
1070
900
1010
1140
x
960
1100
1260
1030
1150
1280
x
1160
1310
1470
1220
1350
1520
x
1380
1620
1710
1440
1620
1910
x
1300
1260
1220
1340
1140
1220
1350
1440
1400
1380
1450
1410
1395
1420
1470
1400
1410
1570
1475
1440
1470
1500
1560
1500
1470
1495
1535
1510
1300
1260
1220
1340
1190
1340
x
1330
1250
1260
1350
1270
1290
x
1390
1360
1390
1570
1400
1400
x
1430
1550
1470
1530
1420
1500
x
810
670
690
800
760
715
800
820
820
820
840
820
820
960
930
820
820
940
820
820
990
840
890
820
835
835
820
1030
810
820
700
760
680
710
x
820
820
820
840
820
820
x
930
820
820
940
820
820
x
840
890
820
850
820
820
x
1450
1480
1530
1620
1675
1640
1680
1655
1690
1665
1655
1755
1675
1700
1700
1700
1695
1655
1760
1765
1830
1710
1745
1745
1755
1815
1860
1900
1285
1415
1310
1450
1510
1475
x
1385
1415
1390
1510
1610
1540
x
1425
1430
1420
1510
1615
1540
x
1440
1470
1470
1610
1665
1645
x
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/14
Dimensions and weights are approximate values.
Power ratings in parentheses are not standardized.
x: On request
* Related to 75 °C
Table 5/8 Selection table for oil-immersed distribution transformers from 50 to 2,500 kVA
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:10 Uhr Seite 14
Rated
power
Sn
kVA
Max.
rated
voltage
HV side
Um
kV
Imped-
ance
voltage
Uz
%
Combi-
nation of
losses
acc. to
CENELEC
No-load
losses
P0
W
Load
losses
Pk 75*
W
Sound
pressure
level 1 m
tolerance
+ 3 dB
LPA
dB
Sound
power
level
LWA
dB
Total
weight
kg
Roller-
to-roller
distance
(centers)
E
mm
Dimensions
Length Width Height
A1 B1 H1
mm mm mm
Type
4JB.. 4HB..
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
630
800
1000
12
24
36
12
24
36
12
24
36
4
4
4
6
6
6
4
4
4
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
..5844-3LA
..5844-3RA
..5844-3TA
..5844-3PA
..5844-3SA
..5844-3UA
..5867-3LA
..5867-3RA
..5867-3TA
..5867-3PA
..5867-3SA
..5867-3UA
..5880-3CA
..5944-3PA
..5944-3SA
..5944-3UA
..5967-3PA
..5967-3SA
..5967-3UA
..5980-3CA
..6044-3PA
..6044-3SA
..6044-3UA
..6067-3PA
..6067-3SA
..6067-3UA
..6080-3CA
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-E´
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-E´
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-E´
1300
860
860
1200
800
800
1300
860
860
1200
800
800
1300
1450
950
950
1450
950
950
1520
1700
1100
1100
1700
1100
1100
1700
8400
6500
5400
8700
6750
5600
8400
6500
5400
8700
6750
5600
8800
10700
8500
7400
10700
8500
7400
11000
13000
10500
9500
13000
10500
9500
13000
53
43
43
53
43
43
53
43
43
53
43
43
x
55
45
44
55
45
44
x
55
45
45
55
45
45
x
70
60
60
70
60
60
70
60
60
70
60
60
67
72
62
62
72
62
62
68
73
63
63
73
63
63
68
1660
1850
2000
1750
1950
2160
1690
1940
2100
1730
1970
2240
1950
1990
2210
2520
2000
2390
2590
2400
2450
2660
2800
2530
2750
2830
2850
1660
1810
1990
1760
1920
2130
1650
1920
2130
1720
1960
2210
x
1960
2290
2490
1950
2340
2550
x
2640
2610
2750
2720
2690
2810
x
1680
1495
1535
1720
1665
1670
1665
1685
1600
1780
1645
1740
1740
1780
1720
1760
1720
1760
1770
1800
1790
1830
1830
1830
1790
1725
2120
1480
1420
1380
1560
1600
1560
1640
1680
1490
1580
1640
1670
x
1540
1830
1710
1710
1710
1700
x
1630
1830
1830
1670
1740
1770
x
880
835
820
890
870
830
860
870
820
880
830
880
1080
1000
900
920
1000
960
930
1100
1000
1040
1040
1090
1050
990
1160
880
820
820
890
870
830
860
870
820
880
830
880
x
1000
960
920
1000
960
930
x
1000
1040
1040
1010
1050
990
x
1755
1785
1860
1920
1740
1840
1810
1910
1940
1760
1810
1840
1940
1905
1935
1975
1885
1945
1985
2030
2095
2025
2105
2095
2055
2065
2220
1585
1510
1520
1685
1400
1500
1595
1695
1725
1610
1595
1625
x
1660
1630
1730
1670
1730
1780
x
2070
1770
1840
2120
1840
1850
x
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
55/15
Table 5/9 Selection table for oil-immersed distribution transformers from 50 to 2,500 kVA
Dimensions and weights are approximate values.
Power ratings in parentheses are not standardized.
x: On request
* Related to 75 °C
Transformers
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:10 Uhr Seite 15
Rated
power
Sn
kVA
Max.
rated
voltage
HV side
Um
kV
Imped-
ance
voltage
Uz
%
Combi-
nation of
losses
acc. to
CENELEC
No-load
losses
P0
W
Load
losses
Pk 75*
W
Sound
pressure
level 1 m
tolerance
+ 3 dB
LPA
dB
Sound
power
level
LWA
dB
Total
weight
kg
Roller-
to-roller
distance
(centers)
E
mm
Dimensions
Length Width Height
A1 B1 H1
mm mm mm
Type
4JB.. 4HB..TU
NO
RMA
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
TUN
ORM
A
TUM
ETIC
(1250)
1600
(2 000)
2 500
12
24
36
12
24
36
12
24
36
12
24
36
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
..6144-3PA
..6144-3SA
..6144-3UA
..6167-3PA
..6167-3SA
..6167-3UA
..6180-3CA
..6244-3PA
..6244-3SA
..6244-3UA
..6267-3PA
..6267-3SA
..6267-3UA
..6280-3CA
..6344-3PA
..6344-3SA
..6344-3UA
..6367-3PA
..6367-3SA
..6367-3UA
..6380-3CA
..6444-3PA
..6444-3SA
..6444-3UA
..6467-3PA
..6467-3SA
..6467-3UA
..6480-3CA
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-E´
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-E´
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-E´
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
B-A'
A-C'
C-C'
E-E´
2100
1300
1300
2100
1300
1300
2150
2600
1700
1700
2600
1700
1700
2600
2900
2050
2050
2900
2050
2050
3200
3500
2500
2500
3500
2500
2500
3800
16000
13200
11400
16000
13200
11400
16400
20000
17000
14000
20000
17000
14000
19200
25300
21200
17500
25300
21200
17500
22000
29000
26500
22000
29000
26500
22000
29400
56
46
46
56
46
46
x
57
47
47
57
47
47
x
58
49
49
58
49
49
x
61
51
51
61
51
51
x
74
64
64
74
64
64
70
76
66
66
76
66
66
71
78
68
68
78
68
68
75
81
71
71
81
71
71
76
2900
3100
3340
2950
3190
3390
3360
3450
3640
3930
3470
3670
4010
3930
4390
4270
4730
4480
4290
4910
5100
5200
5150
5790
5420
5260
5640
5900
3080
3040
3040
3200
3120
3330
x
3590
3590
3880
3690
3850
3950
x
4450
4430
4710
4500
4490
4840
x
5090
5110
5660
5220
5220
5470
x
1930
1810
1755
2020
1840
1810
2150
1970
2030
2020
2070
2030
2000
2170
2100
2080
2020
2020
2190
2110
2260
2115
2195
2190
2115
2195
2160
2320
1850
1780
1720
1780
1810
1780
x
1870
1760
1900
1830
2000
1850
x
1890
1840
1730
1860
2030
1980
x
2030
1950
2190
2030
2030
2080
x
1260
990
1015
1260
1060
1015
1250
1220
1080
1110
1280
1230
1030
1340
1330
1330
1330
1330
1330
1330
1380
1345
1345
1330
1335
1335
1330
1390
1100
990
1000
1100
1060
990
x
1140
1090
1100
1120
1070
1030
x
1330
1330
1330
1330
1330
1330
x
1330
1330
1330
1330
1335
1330
x
2110
2145
2235
2110
2115
2245
2350
2315
2315
2395
2335
2265
2305
2480
2555
2455
2495
2655
2425
2475
2560
2685
2535
2565
2785
2585
2605
2790
2070
1880
1970
2220
1900
2030
x
2095
2010
2070
2320
2120
2010
x
2540
2250
2170
2660
2280
2180
x
2550
2450
2240
2675
2580
2305
x
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/16
Dimensions and weights are approximate values.
Power ratings in parentheses are not standardized.
x: On request
* Related to 75 °C
Table 5/10 Selection table for oil-immersed distribution transformers from 50 to 2,500 kVA
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:10 Uhr Seite 16
55/17
GEAFOL Cast-Resin Dry-Type Transformers
Standards and regulations
GEAFOL cast-resin dry-typetransformers comply with IEC 60076-11, CENELEC HD 464, HD 538 and DIN 42523.
Advantages and applications
GEAFOL distribution and powertransformers in ratings from 100 toapprox. 40,000 kVA and LI values ofover 200 kV are full substitutes foroil-immersed transformers with com-parable electrical and mechanicaldata.
GEAFOL transformers are designedfor indoor installation close to theirpoint of use, which is often at theload center. Flame-retardant inorganic
insulating materials are used through-out, so that all restrictions applying to oil-filled electrical equipment, such as oil-collecting pits, fire walls,fire-extinguishing equipment, etc.,are omitted.
LV terminals
Normal arrangement: Top or,Bottom at LV side. Special version: available on request at extra charge
HV terminals
Variable arrangements, foroptimal station design. HVtapping links on low-voltageside for adjustment to systemconditions, reconnectable inde-energized state
Cross-flow fans
Permitting up to 50% increasein the rated power
Temperature monitoring
By PTC thermistor detectorsin the LV winding
Paint finish on steel parts
Multiple coating, RAL 5009.On request: Two-componentvarnish or hot-dip galvanizing(for particularly aggressiveenvironments)
Environmental category E2
Climatic category C2
(If the transformer is installedoutdoors, degree of protectionIP 23 must be assured)
Fire class F1
Three-leg core
Made of grain-oriented,low-loss electrolaminationsinsulated on both sides
Resilient spacers
To insulate core andwindings from mechanicalvibrations, resulting in lownoise emissions
HV winding
Consisting of vacuum-pottedsingle foil-type aluminumcoils. See enlarged detail inFig. 5/5
LV winding
Made of aluminum band.Turns firmly glued togetherby means of insulatingsheet wrapper material
Insulation: Mixture ofepoxy resin and quartzpowder
Makes the transformermaintenance-free, moisture-proof, tropicalized,flame-resistant and self-extinguishing
Clamping frame and truck
Rollers can be swungaround for lengthways orsideways travel
Fig. 5/4 GEAFOL cast-resin dry-type transformer
Transformers
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:11 Uhr Seite 17
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/18
GEAFOL transformers are also in-stalled where oil-filled transformersmust not be used: inside buildings, intunnels, on ships, on offshore cranesand platforms, in wind power sta-tions, in groundwater protection ar-eas, in food processing plants etc.Often they are combined with theirprimary and secondary switchgearand distribution boards into compactsubstations that are installed directlyat their point of use. As con-verter transformers forvariable-speed drivesthey can be installedtogether with the con-verters at the drive location. This re-duces civil works, cable costs, trans-mission losses, and installation costs.GEAFOL transformers are fully LI-rated. They have similar noise levelsto comparable oil-filled transformers.Taking the above indirect cost reduc-tions into account, they are also fre-quently cost-competitive.
By virtue of their design, GEAFOLtransformers are almost completelymaintenance-free for their lifetime.
GEAFOL transformers have been insuccessful service since 1965. A lotof licences have been granted to ma-jor manufacturers throughout theworld since.
1
8
8
223344
56
6
7
7U
U
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
2 4 6 8
1 3 5 7
Runddrahtwicklung
Folienwicklung
Fig. 5/5 High-voltage encapsulated winding design of GEAFOL cast-resin transformer and voltage stress of a conventional round-wire winding (above) and the foil winding (below)
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:13 Uhr Seite 18
55/19
HV winding
The high-voltage windings are woundfrom aluminum foil, interleaved withhigh-grade polypropylene insulatingfoil. The assembled and connectedindividual coils are placed in a heatedmold, and are potted in a vacuum furnace with a mixture of pure silica(quartz sand) and specially blendedepoxy resins. The only connectionsto the outside are copper bushings,which are internally bonded to thealuminum winding connections.
The external star or delta connectionsare made of insulated copper connec-tors to ensure an optimal installationdesign. The resulting high-voltagewindings are fire-resistant, moisture-proof, corrosion-proof, and show ex-cellent ageing properties under all in-door operating conditions. For out-door use, specially designedsheet-metal enclosures are available.
The foil windings combine a simplewinding technique with a high degreeof electrical safety. The insulation issubjected to less electrical stressthan in other types of windings. In aconventional round-wire winding, theinterturn voltage can add up to twicethe interlayer voltage, while in a foilwinding it never exceeds the voltageper turn because a layer consists ofonly one winding turn. Result: a highAC voltage and impulse-voltage with-stand capacity.
Why aluminum? The thermal expan-sion coefficients of aluminum andcast-resin are so similar that thermalstresses resulting from load changesare kept to a minimum (see Fig. 5/5).
LV winding
The standard low-voltage windingwith its considerably reduced dielec-tric stress is wound from single alu-minum sheets with interleaved cast-resin impregnated fiberglass fabric.
The assembled coils are then oven-cured to form uniformly bonded solidcylinders that are impervious to mois-ture. Through the single-sheet wind-ing design, excellent dynamic stabil-ity under short-circuit conditions isachieved. Connections are sub-merged-arc-welded to the aluminumsheets and are extended as alu-minum busbars to the secondary ter-minals.
Fire safety
GEAFOL transformers use onlyflame-retardant and self-extinguishingmaterials in their construction. No ad-ditional substances, such as alu-minum oxide trihydrate, which couldnegatively influence the mechanicalstability of the cast-resin molding material, are used. Internal arcingfrom electrical faults and externallyapplied flames do not cause thetransformers to burst or burn. Afterthe source of ignition is removed, thetransformer is self-extinguishing.
This design has been approved byfire safety officers in many countriesfor installation in buildings wherepeople are generally present and inother areas.
The environmental safety of the com-bustion residues has been proven inmany tests.
Categorization of cast-resin trans-formers
Dry-type transformers have to be cat-egorized under the sections listedbelow:C Environmental categoryC Climatic categoryC Fire category
These categories have to be shownon the rating plate of each dry-typetransformer.
Product conformity to the propertieslaid down in the standards for ratingswithin the approximate categoryrelating to environment, humidity,climate and fire behavior has to beproven by means of tests.
These tests are described for the en-vironmental category (code numberE0, E1 and E2) and for the climaticcategory (code number C1, C2) inDIN VDE 0532, Part 6 (correspondingto HD 464). According to this stan-dard, they are to be carried out oncomplete transformers.
The tests of fire behavior (fire classcode numbers F0 and F1) are limitedto tests on a duplication of a com-plete transformer. It consists of a core leg, a low-voltage winding anda high-voltage winding. The specifica-tions for fire class F2 are determinedby agreement between the manufac-turer and the customer.
Transformers
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:13 Uhr Seite 19
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/20
Siemens has carried out a lot oftests.
The results for our GEAFOL trans-formers are something to be proudof:C Environmental category E2C Climatic category C2C Fire class F1
This good behavior is solely due tothe GEAFOL cast-resin mix whichhas been used successfully fordecades.
Insulation class and temperaturerise
The high-voltage winding and thelow-voltage winding utilise class Finsulating materials with a mean tem-perature rise of 100 K (standard de-sign).
Overload capability
GEAFOL transformers can be over-loaded permanently up to 50% (witha corresponding increase in imped-ance voltage and impedance losses)if additional cross-flow fans are in-stalled. (Dimensions increase by approximately 200 mm in length andwidth.) Short-time overloads are un-critical as long as the maximum wind-
ing temperatures are not exceededfor extended periods of time.
Temperature monitoring
Each GEAFOL transformer is fittedwith three temperature sensorswhich are installed in the LV winding.Solid-state tripping devices can besupplied separately on order. ThePTC thermistors used for sensing areselected for the hot-spot windingtemperature. Additional sets of sen-sors can be installed for them and forfan control purposes. Additional dial-type thermometers and Pt100 areavailable too. Special versions can beprovided for 3.6 kV operating volt-ages of the LV winding and higher.
Auxiliary wiring is run in a protectiveconduit and terminated in a centralLV terminal box (optional). Each wireand terminal is identified and a wiringdiagram is permanently attached tothe inside cover of this terminal box.
Installation and enclosures
Indoor installation in electrical operat-ing rooms or in various protective en-closures is the preferred method ofinstallation. The transformers need tobe protected against direct sunlight,sandstorms and against water. Suffi-cient ventilation must be provided bythe installation location or the enclo-sure. Otherwise forced-air coolingmust be provided by other equip-ment.
Photo 5/13 Flammability test of cast-resin transformer
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:13 Uhr Seite 20
55/21
Instead of the standard open termi-nals, insulated plug-type elbow con-nectors can be supplied for the high-voltage side with LI ratings up to 170 kV. Primary cables are usuallyfed to the transformer from trenchesbelow, but can also be connectedfrom above.
Secondary connections can be madeby multiple insulated cables or bybusbars, from either below or above.Secondary terminals are aluminumflat pad connections with bores.
A variety of indoor and outdoor enclo-sures in different safety classes areavailable for the transformers alone,or for indoor compact substations inconjunction with high- and low-volt-age switchgear cabinets.
Recycling of GEAFOL transformers
In GEAFOL cast-resin transformertypes, the high-voltage and low-volt-age coils form firm tubes owing toelectrical and mechanical advantagesand production-specific requirements.In order to recycle these valuable ma-terials, these parts can normally beremoved and post-processed with little effort, once the upper clampingstructure has been dismantled andthe top core yoke has been pulledout. It is common practice to recyclethe main mass portions consisting ofiron core, frame and truck.
Photo 5/14 GEAFOL transformer with plug-type cable connections
Photo 5/15 Radial cooling fans on GEAFOL transformer for AF cooling
Photo 5/16 GEAFOL transformer in protectivehousing to IP 20/40
Transformers
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:19 Uhr Seite 21
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/22
GEAFOL Cast-ResinSelection Tables,TechnicalData, Dimensions andWeights
Standard DIN 42 523
Rated power 100–20,000 kVA*
Rated frequency 50 Hz
HV rating up to 36 kV
LV rating up to 780 V(special designs for up to 20 kV are possible)
Tappings on HV side ± 2.5 % or 2 x ± 2.5 %
Connection HV winding: deltaLV winding: star
Impedance voltage at rated 4– 8 % current
Insulation class HV/LV = F /F
Temperature rise HV/LV = 100/100 K
Color of metal parts RAL 5009
Um Lightning impulse test voltage AC test voltagekV kV kV
1.1 – 3
12 75 28
24 95** 50
36 145** 70
H1
2U 2V 2W
A1EB1
2N
Table 5/11 GEAFOL three-phase transformers
Table 5/12 Insulation level
Fig. 5/6 GEAFOL cast-resin transformer* Power ratings > 2.5 MVA upon request** Other levels upon request
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:19 Uhr Seite 22
Rated
power
Sn
kVA
Max.
rated
voltage
HV side
Um
kV
Imped-
ance
voltage
Uz
%
No-load
losses
P0
W
Load
losses
Pk 75*
W
Load
losses
Pk 120**
W
Sound
pressure
level 1 m
tolerance
+ 3 dB
LPA
dB
Sound
power
level
LWA
dB
Total
weight
GGES
kg
Roller-
to-roller
distance
(centers)
E
mm
Dimensions
Length Width Height
A1 B1 H1
mm mm mm
Type
4GB..
100
160
250
12
24
12
24
12
24
36
4
4
6
6
4
4
6
6
4
4
6
6
4
4
6
6
4
4
6
6
4
4
6
6
6
.5044-3CA
.5044-3GA
.5044-3DA
.5044-3HA
.5064-3CA
.5064-3GA
.5064-3DA
.5064-3HA
.5244-3CA
.5244-3GA
.5244-3DA
.5244-3HA
.5264-3CA
.5264-3GA
.5264-3DA
.5264-3HA
.5444-3CA
.5444-3GA
.5444-3DA
.5444-3HA
.5464-3CA
.5464-3GA
.5464-3DA
.5464-3HA
.5475-3DA
440
320
360
300
600
400
420
330
610
440
500
400
800
580
600
480
820
600
700
570
1050
800
880
650
1300
1600
1600
2000
2000
1500
1500
1800
1800
2300
2300
2300
2300
2200
2200
2500
2500
3000
3000
2900
2900
2900
2900
3100
3100
3800
1900
1900
2300
2300
1750
1750
2050
2050
2600
2600
2700
2700
2500
2500
2900
2900
3500
3400
3300
3300
3300
3300
3600
3600
4370
45
37
45
37
45
37
45
37
47
39
47
39
47
39
47
39
50
42
50
42
50
41
50
41
50
59
51
59
51
59
51
59
51
62
54
62
54
62
54
62
54
65
57
65
57
65
57
65
57
65
630
760
590
660
750
830
660
770
770
920
750
850
910
940
820
900
1040
1170
990
1120
1190
1230
990
1180
1700
1210
1230
1190
1230
1310
1300
1250
1300
1220
1290
1270
1300
1330
1310
1310
1350
1330
1330
1350
1390
1390
1400
1360
1430
1900
705
710
705
710
755
755
750
755
710
720
720
725
725
720
725
765
730
730
740
745
735
735
735
745
900
835
890
860
855
935
940
915
930
1040
1050
990
985
1090
1095
1075
1060
1110
1135
1065
1090
1120
1150
1140
1160
1350
without wheels
without wheels
without wheels
without wheels
without wheels
without wheels
without wheels
without wheels
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
520
55/23
Dimensions and weights are approximate values, valid for 400 V at the secondary side. The vector group is either Dyn 5 or Dyn 11. Power ratings in parentheses are not standardized.
* Related to 75 °C** Related to 120 °C
Table 5/13 GEAFOL cast-resin transformer for 100 to 2,500 kVA
Transformers
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:19 Uhr Seite 23
Rated
power
Sn
kVA
Max.
rated
voltage
HV side
Um
kV
Imped-
ance
voltage
Uz
%
No-load
losses
P0
W
Load
losses
Pk 75*
W
Load
losses
Pk 120**
W
Sound
pressure
level 1 m
tolerance
+ 3 dB
LPA
dB
Sound
power
level
LWA
dB
Total
weight
GGES
kg
Roller-
to-roller
distance
(centers)
E
mm
Dimensions
Length Width Height
A1 B1 H1
mm mm mm
Type
4GB..
(315)
400
(500)
12
24
36
12
24
36
12
24
36
4
4
6
6
4
4
6
6
6
4
4
6
6
4
4
6
6
6
4
4
6
6
4
4
6
6
6
.5544-3CA
.5544-3GA
.5544-3DA
.5544-3HA
.5564-3CA
.5564-3GA
.5564-3DA
.5564-3HA
.5575-3DA
.5644-3CA
.5644-3GA
.5644-3DA
.5644-3HA
.5664-3CA
.5664-3GA
.5664-3DA
.5664-3HA
.5675-3DA
.5744-3CA
.5744-3GA
.5744-3DA
.5744-3HA
.5764-3CA
.5764-3GA
.5764-3DA
.5764-3HA
.5775-3DA
980
720
850
680
1250
930
1000
780
1450
1150
880
1000
820
1450
1100
1200
940
1700
1350
1000
1200
980
1700
1270
1400
1100
1900
3300
3300
3400
3400
3400
3400
3600
3600
4500
4300
4300
4300
4300
3900
3900
4100
4100
5100
4900
4900
5600
5600
4800
4800
5000
5000
6000
3800
3800
3900
3900
3900
3900
4100
4100
5170
4900
4900
4900
4900
4500
4500
4700
4700
5860
5600
5600
6400
6400
5500
5500
5700
5700
6900
52
43
51
43
51
43
51
43
51
52
44
52
44
52
44
52
44
52
53
45
53
45
53
44
53
45
53
67
59
67
59
67
59
67
59
67
68
60
68
60
68
60
68
60
68
69
61
69
61
69
61
69
61
69
1160
1320
1150
1290
1250
1400
1190
1300
1900
1310
1430
1250
1350
1410
1570
1350
1460
2100
1520
1740
1470
1620
1620
1830
1580
1720
2600
1370
1380
1380
1410
1410
1440
1410
1460
1950
1380
1380
1410
1430
1440
1460
1480
1480
2000
1410
1450
1460
1490
1500
1540
1540
1560
2050
820
820
830
830
820
825
825
830
920
820
820
825
830
825
830
835
835
920
830
835
845
845
835
840
850
850
940
1125
1195
1140
1165
1195
1205
1185
1195
1400
1265
1290
1195
1195
1280
1280
1275
1280
1440
1320
1345
1275
1290
1330
1350
1305
1320
1500
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/24
Table 5/14 GEAFOL cast-resin transformer for 100 to 2,500 kVA
Dimensions and weights are approximate values, valid for 400 V at the secondary side. The vector group is either Dyn 5 or Dyn 11. Power ratings in parentheses are not standardized.
* Related to 75 °C** Related to 120 °C
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:19 Uhr Seite 24
Rated
power
Sn
kVA
Max.
rated
voltage
HV side
Um
kV
Imped-
ance
voltage
Uz
%
No-load
losses
P0
W
Load
losses
Pk 75*
W
Load
losses
Pk 120**
W
Sound
pressure
level 1 m
tolerance
+ 3 dB
LPA
dB
Sound
power
level
LWA
dB
Total
weight
GGES
kg
Roller-
to-roller
distance
(centers)
E
mm
Dimensions
Length Width Height
A1 B1 H1
mm mm mm
Type
4GB..
630
(800)
1000
12
24
36
12
24
36
12
24
36
4
4
6
6
4
4
6
6
6
4
4
6
6
4
4
6
6
6
4
4
6
6
4
4
6
6
6
.5844-3CA
.5844-3GA
.5844-3DA
.5844-3HA
.5864-3CA
.5864-3GA
.5864-3DA
.5864-3HA
.5875-3DA
.5944-3CA
.5944-3GA
.5944-3DA
.5944-3HA
.5964-3CA
.5964-3GA
.5964-3DA
.5964-3HA
.5975-3DA
.6044-3CA
.6044-3GA
.6044-3DA
.6044-3HA
.6064-3CA
.6064-3GA
.6064-3DA
.6064-3HA
.6075-3DA
1500
1150
1370
1150
1950
1500
1650
1250
2200
1850
1450
1700
1350
2100
1600
1900
1450
2600
2200
1650
2000
1500
2400
1850
2300
1750
3000
6400
6400
6400
6400
6000
6000
6400
6400
7000
7800
7800
7600
7600
7500
7500
7900
7900
8200
2200
1650
2000
1500
2400
1850
2300
1750
3000
7300
7300
7400
7400
6900
6900
7300
7300
8000
9000
9000
8700
8700
8600
8600
9100
9100
9400
10200
10200
9700
9700
10000
10000
10500
11000
10900
54
45
54
45
53
45
53
45
53
55
47
55
47
55
47
55
47
55
55
47
56
47
55
47
55
47
55
70
62
70
62
70
62
70
62
70
72
64
72
64
72
64
71
64
72
73
65
73
65
73
65
73
65
73
1830
2070
1770
1990
1860
2100
1810
2050
2900
2080
2430
2060
2330
2150
2550
2110
2390
3300
2480
2850
2420
2750
2570
3060
2510
2910
3900
1510
1470
1550
1590
1550
1600
1580
1620
2070
1570
1590
1560
1600
1610
1650
1610
1630
2140
1590
1620
1620
1660
1660
1680
1680
1730
2200
840
835
860
865
845
850
855
860
940
850
855
865
870
845
855
860
865
950
990
990
990
990
990
990
990
990
1050
1345
1505
1295
1310
1380
1400
1345
1370
1650
1560
1640
1490
1530
1580
1620
1590
1595
1850
1775
1795
1560
1560
1730
1815
1620
1645
1900
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
670
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
820
55/25
Dimensions and weights are approximate values, valid for 400 V at the secondary side. The vector group is either Dyn 5 or Dyn 11. Power ratings in parentheses are not standardized.
* Related to 75 °C** Related to 120 °C
Table 5/15 GEAFOL cast-resin transformer for 100 to 2,500 kVA
Transformers
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:19 Uhr Seite 25
Rated
power
Sn
kVA
Max.
rated
voltage
HV side
Um
kV
Imped-
ance
voltage
Uz
%
No-load
losses
P0
W
Load
losses
Pk 75*
W
Load
losses
Pk 120**
W
Sound
pressure
level 1 m
tolerance
+ 3 dB
LPA
dB
Sound
power
level
LWA
dB
Total
weight
GGES
kg
Roller-
to-roller
distance
(centers)
E
mm
Dimensions
Length Width Height
A1 B1 H1
mm mm mm
Type
4GB..
(1250)
1600
(2000)
2500
12
24
36
12
24
36
12
24
36
12
24
36
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
.6144-3DA
.6144-3HA
.6164-3DA
.6164-3HA
.6175-3DA
.6244-3DA
.6244-3HA
.6264-3DA
.6264-3HA
.6275-3DA
.6344-3DA
.6344-3HA
.6364-3DA
.6364-3HA
.6375-3DA
.6444-3DA
.6444-3HA
.6464-3DA
.6464-3HA
.6475-3DA
2400
1850
2700
2100
3500
2800
2100
3100
2400
4300
3600
2650
4000
3000
5100
4300
3000
5000
3600
6400
9600
10500
10000
10500
11000
11000
11400
11800
12300
12700
14000
14500
14500
14900
15400
17600
18400
17600
18000
18700
11000
12000
11500
12000
12600
12500
13000
13500
14000
14600
16000
16500
16500
17000
17700
20000
21000
20000
20500
21500
57
49
57
49
57
58
50
58
49
58
59
51
59
51
59
62
51
61
51
61
75
67
75
67
75
76
68
76
68
76
78
70
78
70
78
81
71
81
71
81
2900
3370
3020
3490
4500
3550
4170
3640
4080
5600
4380
5140
4410
4920
6300
5130
6230
5280
6220
7900
1780
1790
1820
1850
2300
1840
1880
1880
1900
2500
1950
1990
2020
2040
2500
2110
2170
2170
2220
2700
990
990
990
990
1060
995
1005
995
1005
1100
1280
1280
1280
1280
1280
1280
1280
1280
1280
1280
1605
1705
1635
1675
2000
2025
2065
2035
2035
2400
2150
2205
2160
2180
2400
2150
2205
2160
2180
2400
820
820
820
820
520
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
1070
Totally Integrated Power by Siemens5/26
Dimensions and weights are approximate values, valid for 400 V at the secondary side. The vector group is either Dyn 5 or Dyn 11. Power ratings in parentheses are not standardized.
* Related to 75 °C** Related to 120 °C
Table 5/16 GEAFOL cast-resin transformer for 100 to 2,500 kVA
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:19 Uhr Seite 26
55/27
Transformers
TIP_Kap_05_Engl 11.08.2005 19:19 Uhr Seite 27
6.1 Low-Voltage Switchgear and Distribution Systems
6.2 Protective Switching Devices and Fuse Systems
6.3 Modular Devices
6.4 Maximum-Demand Monitors
6.5 Switches, Outlets and Electronic
Products
6.6 SIMOCODE pro – Motor Management Systems for Constant-Speed Motors in the Low-Voltage Range
6 Low Voltage
TIP_Kap06_Engl 11.08.2005 19:30 Uhr Seite B2