Siemens ECAT Brochure

8/9/2019 Siemens ECAT Brochure

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S M NS

Three-Dimensional

Positron Emission

Tomography

PET

ECAT

SCANNER


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Gated PET Study with 8FOG same

slice

t

selected phases

of

the

cardiac cycle

DIASTOLE

High patient throughput requirements are easily

handled by the E T Scanners user friendly

menu driven software. Its flexibility and detailed

documentation affords users the opportunity to

develop and implement additional methods for

data acquisition post-processing and clinical

application packages. In addition the E T

Scanner s installation proven operational relia

bility record further enhances its desirability as

the choice PET system.

The

E T

Scanner series is a user-focused PET

system uniquely designed

to

serve each individ

ual institution s imaging needs providing modular

upgradeable designs personnel training and

responsive maintenance service.

BASE SYSTOLE

G TE

CARDIAC

STU Y

fDG

To Decide:

CAD presence

Catheterization

candidacy

Bypass or non-surgical

intervention candidacy

Effect of surgical

pharmacologic interven

tion or angioplasty

Predict ive value

for bypass surgery

pharmacologic interven

tion or angioplasty

Selection of patients for

individualized therapy

Effect of therapy such as

desired response radia

tion necrosis or regrowth

To Decide:

ardiology

Testing for:

Ischemia infarct

n

myocardial tissue viability

ncology

Testing for:

Tumor grading

n

characterization

Tumor therapy monitoring


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ystem ighlights

The new generation

block detector

technology (above) clearly

demonstrates major improvements

in

energy and timing resolution

in comparison with the earlier generation (below) single crystal,

single tube design.

Energy Resolution = 37

Photopeak TOTAL = 58

U

1\

Q) I \

, .

/ ~ / \

\.

Energy

Energy Resolution

o

the Block Detector

used in 831 933 931 models

Al (FWHM) = 5.8 nsec.

Al (FWTM) = 11.8 nsec.

,

0

- - - -

Al

(FWHM)

=

2.9

nsec.

l:

1 (FWTM)

=

6.0

nsec.

\

f

,

1 \

,

\

---

Time

Time Resolution o the Block Detector

used

in

831 933 931 models

i

.

j

i

u

:::l

o

( )

u

:::l

o

- - -_ .

Energy Resolution

Photopeak TOTAL 7

: >

; \

\

,

.,r

c:

:::l

o

( )

Block Detector

The ECAT block detector is a

breakthrough in T imaging

technology. This proprietary

design uses 4 photomultipliers

to view a block of 32 discrete

Bismuth Germinate (BGO) crys

tals. Light collection efficiency

is improved, providing gains in

t iming and energy resolution.

The benefits include spatial and

axial resolution improvements,

higher detection efficiency,

scatter and pileup reductions,

and improved reliabili ty. Three

choices of axial crystal width

(13mm, 16mm, and 20mm) offer

solutions to the

specific

imaging

and application needs of each

institution.

Energy

Energy Resolution

o

the Prior Detector

Single Crystal Single Tube

Time

Time Resolution o the Prior Detector

Single Crystal Single Tube

High intrinsic full-width half

maximum (FWHM) spatial

resolution (less than 4 mm)

Improved signal-to-noise

quality

Derenzo Phantom for PET

4


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Printed Circuit Board PCB

Electronics

A - Analog Processors

C - Constant Fraction

iscrimin tor

P - Position Decoder

T - Time Digitizer

Block Detector


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ystem

ighlights

EC T

antry and

Patient

ed

The g an tr y a nd pa tie nt be d are

the result of m an y years ex per i-

ence

ECAT Scanner design

The gantry s main purpose s to

support and position detectors

The patient

bed s

main

purpose

s

to position the patient ccu-

rately inside the gantry detectors

f ield of view

6


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System Highlights

System

lock

iagram

Data

Acquisition

and

Processing

Distributed processors

employed in dedicated tasks

are Siemens solution

to

maximizing acquisition of 15

image planes of true, random

and multiple coincidences.

A unique VME based real time

sorter

RTS

can process events

in either static, dynamic, list

mode, or up

to

3 physiological

gating modes at a maximum

rate of 2 million events/second.

The RTS allows real time

sinogram data acquisition for

immediate, post-acquisition

reconstructions,

as

well

as

snapshot reconstructions during

the acquisition period. In addi

tion, a special array processor/

back projector reconstructs 128

x

128 images in less than 15

seconds per slice for dynamic

display on a 512

x

512 mono

chrome or color display system.

Real time sorting: up

to

2 mil

lion events/second

Optional list mode acquisition

MicroVAX

32-bit main

computer

64 x

64 128

x

128 and

256 x 256 reconstructions

Real time multimode physio

logical gating

Over

40

distributed

processors

Standard and optional data

storage peripherals

8

512

x

512

display of

B/W

and color RGB) images

Simultaneous acquisition,

reconstruction and analysis

Optional remote physicians

interpretation station

Optional programmers work

and display stations

r ..

Detector Bucket

Detector Bucket

Model

831

Model Detector Bucket 6

933

Model

9

o

4 r

Detector

Bucket 16

04

4 Ring

Detector Bucket

7

Detector Bucket N

Detector Bucket

19

Detector Bucket 2

Detector Bucket 2

Detector Bucket 22

Detector Bucket

23

Detector Bucket

24

Detector Bucket

25

Detector Bucket

26

Detector Bucket

27

08

Detector Bucket

28

Detector Bucket :4 9

Detector Bucket 3

Detector Bucket 3

08

Detector Bucket 32

08

8 Ring

04

4 Ring


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Activity Concentration lI-,Cl/cc) (20cm x 20cm diameter water phantom)

Model 931/04-12 Count Rate Response

Ga-68 ctivity

Projection Position, a

Real Time Sorter :

Back Projector:

Simple Back Projected Slice

-

:-

,

Image Plane Processor

Array Processor:

Final Filtered, Back

Projection Reconstructed Slice

- Trues Rates:

without

Correction

Randoms Rates:

without

Correction

-Trues Rates:

Count-rate

Corrected

/

/

II

V

V

-

V

. ..oo

l

o

50

150

100

45

500

350

400

250

It:

200

o

.

.

fr 300

A

A

Bus

Arbitration

ing

Image Plane

High

Speed

RTSVME

Coincidence

Interface

Memory

PCB

I

Processor

4

MB

-

Array

n

512 x

5 2

Processor

I

ing Image Plane

High

Speed

RTS

VME

10-

:::> Display

Coincidence

Memory

Analogic

Gl

Processor

Interface

Z

CB

Processor

4

MB

AP400,XAP

:::>

\

ealTime

l

High

Speed

-

High Speed

Sorter

Interface

Interface

l

I

l

w

Micro

VEATER

:I

>

r

U

B

Disk

68000

Serial

l

MicroVAX

II

Controller

Microcomputer

Interface

-

Gl

a

-

B

Disk

Physiological Disk

l i

Disk

Controller

Interface Controller

Controller

L __________________

0

B

ptional l ist

Mode Data Storage

erial

Interface

9


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ystem ighlights

oftw re

Siemens ECAT Software is designed principally

for the clinical user. It offers a friendly menu

format flexible commands and field tested relia-

bility. The software s standard acquisition routines

as

well

as

the comprehensive display and analy-

sis packages focus

on

converting the acquired

data

to

useful physiological images simply and

quickly.

User interface designed with question and

answer menu format

Standard routines for acquisition reconstruc-

tion corrections calibrations diagnostics

and utilities

Comprehensive display and analysis package

runs simultaneously with data acquisition

DEC

command language allows user to

customize protocols and image display

formatting

Field tested physiological applications

packages

Multiuser multitask Virtual Memory System

VMSTM

operating system with optional Fortran

source codes


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E T Scanner

o d e l s ~

8

Series

9

Series

9

Series

76

MM

1

1

1

t - - - - C R Y S T A L - - - l - ~

5 4

MM

I

~ P O R T t

1 I

I I

I I

I

r - - ~

..- I_-

I ..

.........---i

1

1

1 640 MM I

t CRYSTAL i

I

1 350

MM

1 I

: t-

PORT

1 I

I I I 1

I

I

I

Neurological pplications

High Quality Imaging

Precise Quantitation

Optimal System Sensitivity




Whole ody pplications


Semi-Quantitative Studies




Whole ody pplications



See separate insert sheet for performance specifications.

2


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Series Options For

83 933

93

Single 4 x Ring 4

/12 13 5mm Axial

Detector Width

4 x 13 5

5 6mm Wide 6 mm Spacing

12 9mm High 13 5mm Spacing

Double 4 x Ring 8

/12

/16 16mm Axial

Detector Width

4 x

16

/16

5 6mm Wide 6 mm Spacing


/20 20mm Axial

Detector Width

4x

5 6mm Wide

6

mm Spacing


/20

13


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Featu

re Fu nction Benefit

Choice

of

xi l

Field of

View

Multiple Acquisition Modes

Feature Function enefit Feature Function enefit

Gated mode offers choice

of forward, backward

or forward/backward

sequence, permits up to

32 temporal segments

and provides selectable

arrhythmia rejection para

meters

Static mode: single frame

or mUltiple frame incre-

menting precision com-

puter controlled bed

Dynamic mode: variable

frame rates up

to 1

per

second

Simultaneous 7 or 15 plane

Range of capability for

image acquisition in all

clinical and research pro-

modes

tocols

in

neurological,

cardiological, oncological

and psychiatric applica

tions

Gated mode

Optional list mode stores

event data and external

trigger data for variable

formatting

of

static

dynamic or gated

reconstructions

Large

FOV

accommo

dates entire heart or large

section of brain

Small

FOV

permits large

organ imaging

at

lower

cost, by precision

stepping patient bed

Choices permit optimiz

ing axial

FOV

with axial

resolution

5.4 cm to 16.0 cm

depending on model

Precise computer

controlled z axis e

motion for contiguous

slices and three dimen-

sional imaging

Generous

Patient

Opening

931 series

High Speed Data Acquisition Processing

Feature Function

enefit Feature Function enefit

57 cm diameter transverse

patient aperture

102 cm distance between

detectors

57 em diameter patient

opening with standard,

auto-retractable transmis

sion source holder, per

mits cross-sectional

image of the non-axial

oriented organs of

most patients

Accommodates patients

on life support equipment

and difficult to handle

patients

Easily t illable gantry for

neurological procedures

2

em detector separa

tion optimizes resolution

uniformity, sensitivity vari

ations and noise compo

nent acceptance scatter,

randoms

Designed for whole body

and neurological imaging

Real time sorting up

to

Immediate access to

million events/second rate

reconstructed images

during acquisition

post acquisition

15 seconds per

image

Responsive operator/

reconstruction

system interaction

Under 4 minutes for com High patient throughput

plete study display post capability

acquisition

5 seconds call up of a

single image


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Unsurpassed

Signal to oise Quality

Feature Function Benefit

Patented Block permits

high energy threshold and

minimizes body scatter

Fast coincidence reduces

random event acceptance

Detector and shielding Excellent contrast with

geometries minimize ran

minimum data

dom

n

scattered events

Patented Block technology

provides 33 improvement

in

photopeak efficiency

acceptance

5 0

FWHM coincidence

time resolution

Hardware and software

corrections

Signal Amplification Tech-

nique SAT provides

effective gain in efficiency

Pending

1


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Featu re Fu

nction enefit

Information Qualitative Quantitative

Additional

Benefits

Feature/Function

High quality image display

with manipulation capabil

ity for qualitative

assessment

ROI, isocount contours,

cross-section profiles, time

activity histograms

Precise quantitation

throughout large cylindrical

volumes

Quantitative physiological

models

- Capabilities for full

range of

research,

applied research and

clinical applications

Operator/user friendly

Film, print, tape, disk

media, and modem for

communication and

storage

Flexibility

Feature/Function

Simultaneous acquisition

n image reconstruction

Full analysis capability

simultaneously with

acquisition

Access

high-level

MACROS n MicroVAXTM

FORTRAN Optional

Benefit

Visual interpretation from

high quality color and

W

video displays

Standard gray scale hard

copy for diagnostic review

Multi-modality image and

data storage

Quantitation for metabolic

rates lesion sizing and

tumor staging.

Benefit

High patient study

throughput

Immediate access to

snap-shot images

during acquisition

Immediate access to pre

viously \cquired images

and data

Easily defined and modi

fied clinical protocols

User group software

exchange

Feature/Function

Modular System

Architecture

Proven experience in

installing and maintaining

E T Scanners

Worldwide service support

Modem communication

with factory and service

Benefit

Enables distribution of

workload

so

that parallel

processing and total sys

tem

throughput

is

opti

mized

Decreases system

downtime and protects

against obsolescence

as modules are easily

replaced and/or quickly

upgraded on-site

Assures reliabili ty and

proper maintenance

Allows swift response

to service calls

Remote diagnosis and

support


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ummary

The

E T

Scanner

is

a revolutionary tomographic

imaging system which can give your facility

unique diagnostic advantages. Through the use of

certain radionuclides used as biological tracers

it

can yield primary diagnostic information confirm

tentative diagnoses suggested by conventional

imaging techniques and provide definitive visuali-

zation and measurement of dynamic biochemistry

when other methods cannot.

Along with the finest emission tomography sys-

tem Siemens has a genuine commitment to the

finest possible support to ensure continuing diag-

nostic excellence. Professional services available

through Siemens which are a significant part of

your system include:

rtist ramatization

Site selection planning and design

Responsive factory trained service staff

Factory troubleshooting via modem and local

diagnostics

On site applications training

User s group benefits

Documentation

Software updates

Software/hardware upgrades

Economic analysis of your particular institu-

tions needs

EC T Scanner

Siemens Commitment

o

Excellence


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Siemens reserves the right to modify the design and specifications

contained hereinwithout prior notice. Please contactyour local Siemens

Sales Representative for the most current information.

ECAT is a registered trademark of Computer Technology and Imaging Inc. V X

MicroVAX UNIBUS Q Bus and VMS are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corp.

Siemens Gammasonics Inc.

2000 Nuclear Drive Des Plaines Illinois 60018 USA Phone: 312 635 3100

Printed in U.S.A

86SG


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S M NS

Three-Dimensional

Positron

Emission

Tomography PET

ECAT SCANNER


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Documents

Siemens ECAT Brochure