Should we protect the Should we protect the Land? Land?

Is Agriculture Important Is Agriculture Important to California and the to California and the

Nation?Nation?Planning Issues in Agriculture…Lecture 2

Should we protect our Ag Land?

•Preserve open space•Pollution/environment

By policy, farmland should be protected ( policy protects land, not farmer)

Ag production: (2002)

w/ timber $ % of state totalSJ valley 14,420,135 48.6Sac metro area 658,493 2.2Northern valley 1,708,409 5.6

Population projections: (in eight counties)•4 million by 2010•5 million by 2020•6 million by 2030•7 million by 2040

How will we preserve land while accommodating population growth ?

We know that the valley is changing…

•Growing population of diverse groups

•Divergence within valley communities

•Valley divergence from state

We also know that historically:

1-CA is most populated state in the US since 1963Today…36.8 million

2-Ca has been leading Ag in US since 1948(most productive

1. CA (incl. nursery) 31.8 billion San Joaquin Valley 20.1 2. Texas 16.53. Iowa 14.74. Nebraska 11.85. Minnesota 9.8USDA, NASS, California Field Office, 2004

13.2% of US Total is from CaliforniaSan Joaquin Valley accounts for 63.2% or 8.34% of US

1. Fresno (grapes, almonds, milk) $4.642. Tulare (milk, oranges, cattle and calves) 4.363. Kern (almonds, grapes, milk) 3.554. Monterey (lettuce, strawberries, wine grapes) 3.275. Merced (milk, chickens, almond meats) 2.396. Stanislaus (milk, almonds, cattle and calves) 1.987. San Joaquin (milk, grapes, almond meats) 1.748. San Diego (foliage plants, woody ornamentals, avocados) 1.539. Kings (milk, cotton, cattle and calves) 1.4110. Imperial (cattle, alfalfa, leaf and head lettuce) 1.29

California’s Top 10 Agricultural Counties, 2005 (Billions)

San Joaquin Valley Market value of Ag products

State(04) Nation(02) State%04 Nation%Fresno 1 1 14.7 1.4

Tulare 2 2 12.7 1.2 Kern 4 4 9.9 1.0Merced 5 5 7.4 .70Stanislaus 6 6 6.2 .61San Joaquin 7 7 5.1 .61Kings 10 18 3.8 .40 Madera 13 23 3.4 .35

Billion $ 31.8 6.27

USDA, NASS 2004

California’s Top 20 Commodities, 2005 California’s Top 20 Commodities, 2005 (Billions)(Billions)

1. Milk and Cream $ 5.221. Milk and Cream $ 5.22

2. Grapes 3.172. Grapes 3.17

3. Nursery 2.433. Nursery 2.43

4. Almonds 2.344. Almonds 2.34

5. Cattle and Calves 1.745. Cattle and Calves 1.74

6. Lettuce 1.696. Lettuce 1.69

7. Hay 1.157. Hay 1.15

8. Strawberries 1.118. Strawberries 1.11

9. Floriculture .9849. Floriculture .984

10. Tomatoes .94210. Tomatoes .942

11. Chickens .71511. Chickens .715

12. Cotton .63412. Cotton .634

13. Oranges .60413. Oranges .604

14. Pistachios .57714. Pistachios .577

15. Walnuts .54015. Walnuts .540

16. Broccoli .514 16. Broccoli .514

17. Carrots .45517. Carrots .455

18. Rice .40818. Rice .408

19. Peaches .28019. Peaches .280

20. Lemons .27820. Lemons .278

The importance of the valley to the state is that it is the top producing ag area.

6.24% of national sales(California…12.8% of national agriculture sales)

Top commodities (in order of production) 2001-2002

Milk/Cream Tulare, Merced, Stanislaus, San Bernardino, KingsGrapes Kern, Fresno, Tulare, Napa, SonomaNursery San Diego, Orange, Riverside, Monterey, Ventura, Cattle Tulare, Imperial, Fresno, Merced, San BernardinoLettuce Monterey, Imperial, Fresno, Santa Barbara, San BenitoAlmonds Kern, Stanislaus, Fresno, Merced, MaderaOranges Tulare, Kern, Fresno, Ventura, RiversideHay, Alfalfa Imperial, Kern, Tulare, Merced, Fresno

2002 NASS Statistics (http://www.nass.usda.gov/census/census02/volume1/us/index2.htm )

Irrigated land Dairy ProductsFresno 1 Tulare 1Kern 2 Merced 2Tulare 3 Stanislaus 4San Joaquin 4 San Joaquin 9Merced 5 2/3 of valley 11.4% of nationStanislaus 11 California…17 % of nationCalifornia…15.8 % California’s No. 1 Ag Product of nation

Fruits, nuts and berries 23 % of nation

National Rankingshttp://www.nass.usda.gov/census/census02/volume1/us/index2.htm

California’s Top 10 Agricultural Export Markets, California’s Top 10 Agricultural Export Markets, 20052005

Rank/Country Value Leading Exports Rank/Country Value Leading Exports ((Billions)Billions)

1. European Union $2.02 Almonds, Wine, Pistachios2. Canada 1.76 Lettuce, Strawberries, Table Grapes3. Japan .940 Rice, Almonds, Hay4. Mexico .591 Dairy, Table Grapes, Cotton5. China/Hong Kong .569 Cotton, Table Grapes, Oranges6. Korea .282 Oranges, Almonds, Cotton7. Taiwan .228 Cotton, Peaches and Nectarines, Grapes8. India .175 Almonds, Cotton, Table Grapes9. Turkey .124 Cotton, Rice, Almonds10. Indonesia .098 Cotton, Dairy, Table Grapes

California’s Top 20 Agricultural Exports, 2004–2005California’s Top 20 Agricultural Exports, 2004–2005Commodity Rank, 2004-2005 & Percent ChangeCommodity Rank, 2004-2005 & Percent Change

Export Value Export Value $1,000$1,000

Almonds 1-- Almonds 1-- 1,369,687 1,369,687 1,840,912 1,840,912 34%34%

Cotton 2-- Cotton 2-- 631,892 631,892 699,042 699,042 11%11%

Wine 3-- Wine 3-- 683,788 683,788 575,306 575,306 -16%-16%

Dairy and Products 4-- Dairy and Products 4-- 439,916 439,916 563,362 563,362 28%28%

Table Grapes 5-- Table Grapes 5-- 453,862 453,862 539,941 539,941 19%19%

Oranges, Fresh and Juice 6-- 345,194 Oranges, Fresh and Juice 6-- 345,194 365,029 365,029 6%6%

Rice 7-- Rice 7-- 280,305 280,305 319,796 319,796 14%14%

Walnuts 8Walnuts 8---- 240,506 240,506 318,451 318,451 3232%%

Pistachios 9-- Pistachios 9-- 178,965 178,965 299,496 299,496 67%67%

Tomatoes, Processed 10-- Tomatoes, Processed 10-- 250,263 250,263 263,010 263,010 5%5%

California’s Top 20 Agricultural Exports, 2004–2005California’s Top 20 Agricultural Exports, 2004–2005Commodity Rank, 2004-2005 & Percent ChangeCommodity Rank, 2004-2005 & Percent Change

Export Value Export Value $1,000$1,000

Lettuce-- 11 188,317 237,022 26%Strawberries-- 12 204,018 233,363 14%Raisins --13 195,099 209,130 7%Peach and Nectarine--14 123,284 127,021 3%Hay --15 109,199 108,986 —%Dried Plums --16 130,105 107,735 -17%Broccoli --17 98,945 104,049 5%Beef and Products -- 18 80,071 99,681 24%Lemons --19 77,375 86,367 12%Carrots --20 78,398 82,418 5%

Important trendsImportant trends1-decline in farms (144,000 in 1950 to 77,000 in 2004)1-decline in farms (144,000 in 1950 to 77,000 in 2004)

There was a large decline, but more productivity/ There was a large decline, but more productivity/ more value per acre.more value per acre.

What about family farms?What about family farms?

2- decrease in total land in farms2- decrease in total land in farms(37,500,000 acres in 1950 to 26,700,000 in 2004) (37,500,000 acres in 1950 to 26,700,000 in 2004) Loss of acreage because of urbanization and Loss of acreage because of urbanization and environmental issues causes expansion to lesser environmental issues causes expansion to lesser quality soils, less access to waterquality soils, less access to water

3-increase in acres per farm, economies of size3-increase in acres per farm, economies of size(260 A in 1950 to 347 in 2004)(260 A in 1950 to 347 in 2004)

NowNow……Look on the Web and find any interesting facts Look on the Web and find any interesting facts concerning California Agriculture and its place in the concerning California Agriculture and its place in the nation and world. nation and world.

Where do most of our exports go now? Where do most of our exports go now?

What crops do we grow more than 90 % of the US What crops do we grow more than 90 % of the US Production? Production?

As you look at the top 10 commodities for California Ag As you look at the top 10 commodities for California Ag Production, which other states are prominent in each Production, which other states are prominent in each product? product?

Look up information on National Security when it comes Look up information on National Security when it comes to our food supply.to our food supply.