Short Story Unit:Short Story Unit:Theme Assignment Theme Assignment

PreparationPreparation

ENG 2D1ENG 2D1

Proper Paragraph Proper Paragraph StructureStructure

1.1. Topic Sentence-Topic Sentence- Introduces Introduces the reader to the main idea of the reader to the main idea of your paragraph. your paragraph. Note-Note- indent indent the first sentence of your the first sentence of your paragraph.paragraph.

2.2. Supporting Sentences-Supporting Sentences- Offers the reader details, Offers the reader details, examples and proof to support examples and proof to support the main idea of the the main idea of the paragraph.paragraph.

3.3. Concluding Sentence-Concluding Sentence- Wraps up the paragraph and Wraps up the paragraph and restates the main idea from restates the main idea from the topic sentence.the topic sentence.

Transitional Words and Transitional Words and PhrasesPhrases

Transitions are words or Transitions are words or phrases that connect ideas.phrases that connect ideas.

Transitions help the reader Transitions help the reader clearly understand clearly understand relationships in your writing relationships in your writing such as time, space, such as time, space, emphasis, example, contrast, emphasis, example, contrast, comparison, effect and comparison, effect and addition.addition.

In a proper paragraph, In a proper paragraph, transitions are incorporated to transitions are incorporated to create fluency in your writing create fluency in your writing and to connect your and to connect your ideas/sentences.ideas/sentences.

For example:For example:

Firstly, Secondly, Lastly, FinallyFirstly, Secondly, Lastly, Finally

For example, For instance,For example, For instance,

Thus, As a result, ConsequentlyThus, As a result, Consequently

In addition to, SimilarlyIn addition to, Similarly

In contrast, Rather, Yet, ButIn contrast, Rather, Yet, But

Transitional Words and Transitional Words and PhrasesPhrases

MLA FormatMLA Format

General Guidelines:General Guidelines:

Double spaceDouble space

Plain font (Ariel or Times New Roman)Plain font (Ariel or Times New Roman)

Plain white 8 ½ x 11 paperPlain white 8 ½ x 11 paper

Margins = 1 inch on all sidesMargins = 1 inch on all sides

Indent the first line of every paragraph Indent the first line of every paragraph using the “tab” keyusing the “tab” key

Pages are numbered in the top, right-hand Pages are numbered in the top, right-hand corner, ½ “ from the top, and right justified.corner, ½ “ from the top, and right justified.Note-Note- Put your last name followed by one Put your last name followed by one space and the number. Do not use space and the number. Do not use commas.commas.

MLA FormatMLA Format

General Guidelines:General Guidelines:

Do not create a title page.Do not create a title page.

In the upper left hand corner of your page In the upper left hand corner of your page list: list:

1.1. Name (first and last)Name (first and last)2.2. Teacher’s name (Ms. Efpatridis)Teacher’s name (Ms. Efpatridis)3.3. Course code (ENG 2D1)Course code (ENG 2D1)4.4. Date (day of submission)Date (day of submission)

Note- Be sure to double space between each Note- Be sure to double space between each piece of information.piece of information.

Double space again. Do not underline or Double space again. Do not underline or italicize the title.italicize the title.

Double space between the title and the Double space between the title and the first sentence.first sentence.

MLA FormatMLA Format

Notes on Style:Notes on Style:

Be consistent with tense. Literary paragraphs/essays are normally written in the present tense.

Do not use artificial phrasing such as “This quotation proves . . . “ or “This paragraphwill discuss . . .”

Use formal, standard English. Avoid slang or colloquialisms.

Do not use contractions. (e.g. use “do not” instead of “don’t”)

Do not use first person (I, me, us, we) unless your teacher gives you permission.

Do not address the reader directly as “you”.

Use italics for the titles of all books and movies. Use quotation marks for all sub titles.

Point-Proof-AnalysisPoint-Proof-Analysis

The supporting sentences of your The supporting sentences of your paragraph should follow the paragraph should follow the point-point-proof-analysis proof-analysis model.model.

Following the topic sentence of your Following the topic sentence of your paragraph:paragraph:

1.1. Point-Point- raise a point in support of the raise a point in support of the main idea.main idea.

2.2. Proof-Proof- provide proof in the form of provide proof in the form of direct or indirect references to the direct or indirect references to the text.text.

3.3. Analysis-Analysis- analyze the point raised analyze the point raised and proof provided, relating the and proof provided, relating the information back to the main idea.information back to the main idea.

For example:For example:The Story of an HourThe Story of an Hour

Point:Point: Mrs. Mallard is clearly in an unhappy Mrs. Mallard is clearly in an unhappy relationship.relationship.

Proof:Proof: She admits that there has been a She admits that there has been a “powerful will bending hers” (Chopin 38) “powerful will bending hers” (Chopin 38) which attests to the dominating personality which attests to the dominating personality of her husband.of her husband.

Analysis:Analysis: Throughout her life, Mrs. Mallard Throughout her life, Mrs. Mallard has succumb to the will of her husband has succumb to the will of her husband and lost any sense of self.and lost any sense of self.

Note- Write in the present tense, not the Note- Write in the present tense, not the past tense. Also, place an emphasis on past tense. Also, place an emphasis on the analysis component. This is where the analysis component. This is where you showcase your learning and critical you showcase your learning and critical thinking.thinking.

Inserting QuotationsInserting Quotations

Use quotation marks to begin Use quotation marks to begin and end a direct quotation.and end a direct quotation.

In a In a direct quotationdirect quotation, the , the words of the speaker are words of the speaker are quoted exactly, and the first quoted exactly, and the first word of the quotation is word of the quotation is capitalized.capitalized.

DirectDirect: Mrs. Mallard states : Mrs. Mallard states “Free! Body and soul free” “Free! Body and soul free” (Chopin 38).(Chopin 38).

Both parts of a Both parts of a divided divided quotationquotation are enclosed in are enclosed in quotation marks. The first quotation marks. The first word of the second part of the word of the second part of the quotation is not capitalized quotation is not capitalized unless it begins a new unless it begins a new sentence.sentence.

Divided:Divided: “There would be no “There would be no one to live for during those one to live for during those coming years,” says Mrs. coming years,” says Mrs. Mallard, “she would live for Mallard, “she would live for herself” (Chopin 38).herself” (Chopin 38).

Inserting QuotationsInserting Quotations

Quotation marks are Quotation marks are never used with an never used with an indirect quotationindirect quotation, , which reports the which reports the meaning of the speaker meaning of the speaker but not in direct words.but not in direct words.

Indirect:Indirect: Mrs. Mallard Mrs. Mallard talks about freedom, in talks about freedom, in particular, she exclaims particular, she exclaims she is free in both her she is free in both her mind and body (Chopin mind and body (Chopin 38).38).

MLA FormatMLA Format

Short quotations Short quotations of 1 to 4 lines are of 1 to 4 lines are put into quotation marks and put into quotation marks and included, double spaced, in the body included, double spaced, in the body of the assignment. of the assignment.

They are introduced by a comma (,) They are introduced by a comma (,) unless they are a continuation of a unless they are a continuation of a body paragraph sentence; the body paragraph sentence; the appropriate punctuation, or none at appropriate punctuation, or none at all, is then used. all, is then used.

Quotations are followed by the Quotations are followed by the author’s last name and page author’s last name and page reference in parentheses, with no reference in parentheses, with no punctuation included, except a period punctuation included, except a period after the closing bracket.after the closing bracket.

For example: (Chopin 38).For example: (Chopin 38).

MLA FormatMLA Format

Always lead up to your quotation Always lead up to your quotation by giving the speaker and the by giving the speaker and the situation. Do not assume that the situation. Do not assume that the reader knows the exact part of reader knows the exact part of the story that you are quoting.the story that you are quoting.

Always follow up your quotation Always follow up your quotation by commenting on, explaining, by commenting on, explaining, applying, interpreting, or drawing applying, interpreting, or drawing a conclusion from your quotation. a conclusion from your quotation.

Do not leave the reader to do the Do not leave the reader to do the work! Never move on to a new work! Never move on to a new point or paragraph immediately point or paragraph immediately after the quotation.after the quotation.

Questions???Questions???

Do you have any Do you have any questions or questions or concerns?concerns?