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Short Stories Terms & More!
Fiction - Prose writing that tells about imaginary characters and events
PLOT -the sequence of events
1. Exposition - background information; introduces characters, setting, and basic story2. Rising Action - introduction of conflict and increase of tension
* Inciting Incident - event that propels main character into problem situation or conflict
PLOT - continued
3. Climax - high point of interest and suspense
4. Falling Action - events that occur as a result of climax
5. Resolution - loose ends are tied up
CONFLICT - a struggle between opposing forces
Internal - conflict with self
External - conflict with outside source
a. person vs. person
b. person vs. society
c. person vs. nature
CHARACTER - people or animals that participate in the action
1. Round - many different traits (3D)2. Flat - one basic trait (2D)3. Dynamic - changes significantly4. Static - remains the same5. Protagonist - main character; readers generally hope she/he succeeds6. Antagonist - character who opposes main character
CHARACTERIZATION - act of creating and developing a character
1. Direct - author directly states character’s traits.
2. Indirect - author shows character’s traits through actions, thoughts, observations, reactions, etc.
SETTING - time and place of the action
1. Time - past, present, future; specific year, season, or time of day
2. Location - Geographic, social, economic, or cultural environment
POINT OF VIEW - vantage point from which a story is told
1. First person - storyteller is a character and uses “I”
2. Third person - storyteller reports events and uses “he/she/they”
a. Limited - only includes what can be seen from his/her perspective
b. Omniscient - includes thoughts and feelings of all characters.
TONE - the writer’s attitude toward his/her audience and subject
Often the TONE can be described with a single adjective: formal, informal, serious, playful, bitter
To figure out TONE try to think about how the author feels. We do this a lot when we think of themes/ messages.
MOOD - the reader’s feeling during or after the work
Often the MOOD is suggested by descriptive details: unnerving, scary, hopeful, pleasant, etc.
To figure out the MOOD simply consider how the story made you feel.
SUSPENSE - a feeling of tension or nervous uncertainty
Created by
withholding key details to understanding the story
AND
foreshadowing what may happen later on in the story
SYMBOL - an object that represents an abstract idea
River --> journey
Crown --> Royalty
Light --> good
Dark --> evil
Green --> jealousy
THEME -
A message from the author to the reader about life; must be expressed as a sentence; should not refer to a specific novel.Examples: One should never take their lives from granted. Some people can never be trusted. Love comes in many different forms. All people deserve to be treated equally. Humans are inherently evil.