SHIPBROKING + TECHNICAL + LOGISTICS + ENVIRONMENTALbraemartechnical.com/files/Lecture-101-Subsea-Processing.pdf · SHIPBROKING + TECHNICAL + LOGISTICS + ENVIRONMENTAL Obstacles to

SHIPBROKING + TECHNICAL + LOGISTICS + ENVIRONMENTAL


Subsea Processing

Technology

Nita Oza

20th April 2017

FORE


Subsea Processing

• Why?

• What?

• Where in the world?

• What risk?


Why Consider Subsea Processing?

• Life of Field

• Reservoir Characteristics

• Flow Assurance

• Project Economics



• Life of Field

– Increase Hydrocarbon Recovery

• Integrated production modelling

• Maximise hydrocarbon recovery

With Subsea Pumps

With Subsea Processing



• Reservoir Characteristics– Deep Water

– Low Reservoir Pressure

– Deep Reservoir

– High Well Productivity Index (PI) (barrel of oil per psi drawdown)

300m water depth

600m water depth

1300m water depth 2400m water depth 3350m water depth

0.25

0.15

0.10

0.05

0

0.20

Incr

emen

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eco

very

Fac

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( w

ith

Su

bse

a Se

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2000 l l l l l l3000 50004000 6000 7000

Reservoir Depth (m) (from sea level)

IMPACT OF SUBSEA PROCESSING

Source Data from BHP BilIitonSource: Sulzer


Subsea Technology

• Subsea Pumping: Boost production from the seafloor to the host platform.

Image Source: Sulzer


Subsea Boosting Technology

Image Courtesy of Sulzer

Type Applicability for Subsea Boosting

Single Phase ( Centrifugal) Highest differential pressure capabilityOnly handles low Gas Volume Fraction ( <15%)

Hybrid Combination of helico-axial and centrifugal impeller stages.Generally used down stream of the separator, GVF , 38%

Mudline ESP Widely deployed technologyGVF < 50%

HSP Compact hydraulic drive pumpsGVF < 75%

Multiphase GVF tolerance 30-95%

Twin Screw Good handling on high GVF – up to 95%


Increase in cumulative production

Time

Cu

mu

lati

ve P

rod

uct

ion

Subsea Compression

• Shell Ormen Lange Subsea Compression Pilot

• Statoil Asgard Subsea Compression

Image Source: Offshore Energy Today


Image Source: AkerSolution






OneSubsea Helico-Axial Pump.

OneSubsea’s multiphase pump stages in a vertical configuration. Recent testing and successful qualification work, in the HiBoost MPP Joint Industry Project, have greatly increased differential head capability.

Image Source: OneSubsea

Aker Solutions Aasgard Subsea Compressor Train with 11.5 MW Compressor Module, Separator, Cooler and Pump Module

Image Source: Aker Solutions


West Of Shetlands Schiehallion

Where in the World?Offshore Norway

Ormen Lange Gas Compression Troll Peon Vigdis Asgard Midgard& Mikkel Fields Phase 2 Aasgard Midgard& Mikkel Fields Phase 1 Gullfaks South Brent Troll C Tordis Tyrihans Ormen Lange Gas Compression Pilot DEMO 2000 Draugen Field Draugen Field HiBoost MPP

Barents Sea Snohvit Shtokman

North Sea Machar Field Lyell Lyell Retrofit Brenda & Nicol Fields Columba E Highlander Field Argyll

Mediterranean Prezioso Montanazo & Lubina

Espirito Santo Basin Jubarte EWT Jubarte Field Phase 1 Jubarte Field Phase 2 Golfinho Field Parque Das Baleias Golfinho Field (ESP) Canapu

Equatorial Guinea Topacio Ceiba C3 &C$ Ceiba Field

South China Seas Lufeng

Australia Mutineer/Exeter Vincent

Campos Basin Marlim Espadate Parque Das Conchas Phase 1 Parque Das Conchas Phase 2 Parque Das Conchas Phase 3 Barracuda Atlanta Field Albacora L’Este Field Marlim Pilot Corvina

GOM King Navajo Cascade & Chinook Jack & St Malo Julia Stones Appomattox Perdido

Angola CLOV Girassol Pazflor

Congo Azurite Field Moho Phase 1Bis

Middle East Zakum

KEY QUAILFIED/TESTING CANCELED PROJECT CONCEPTUAL PROJECT ABANDONED/REMOVED AWARDED and IN

MANUFACTURING or DELIVERED INSTALLED & NOT CURRENTLY

OPERATING INSTALLED AND CURRENTLY

OPERATING

Source: 2016 Worldwide Survey of Subsea Processing: Separation, Compression, and Pumping System ; Offshore Magazine Poster #123


Considerations

• Current technology uptake is low

• Reasons:

– Cost

– Uncertainty regarding reliability ( proven on boosting and separation)

– General conservatism in industry

– Low cost sensitive environment where low risk solutions seems to be preferred.


Obstacles to overcome

• The subsea components run on high voltage alternated currents which has limits on transmission distance relative to power.

• This means high DC may be needed. Companies like ABB and Siemens are working on this. ( Design 101)

• Power distribution : large subsea field with high power inputs, many components and long step out distances means subsea variable speed drives will be needed to convert, distribute and control electricity.

Image Source: INTECSEA WorleyParsons Group



• Control Systems

– Putting all the equipment subsea also increases the requirements for the control systems. There will be a need for increased bandwidth, real-time information on system performance , in addition to increase demands on safety functionality and regularity.


Monitoring

• Knowing the state of the well stream is crucial in terms of production monitoring and flow assurance.

• Improved reliability for subsea and multi-phase sensors is the key for success.


Subsea Intervention

• Intervention and maintenance operations from ships in high waves, particularly the handling of large and heavy processing modules.

• The reduced accessibility of seabed installation, brings additional requirements to the system uptime, maintenance on demand and general optimization of intervention frequencies.



Integration, reliability and cost. Enabling and qualifying the integration is a key challenge with standardisation being a topic.


Thank You

Documents

SHIPBROKING + TECHNICAL + LOGISTICS + ENVIRONMENTALbraemartechnical.com/files/Lecture-101-Subsea-Processing.pdf · SHIPBROKING + TECHNICAL + LOGISTICS + ENVIRONMENTAL Obstacles to