THESIS

SHIFTS IN THE TRANSLATION OF LOCATIVE

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES IN HARRY POTTER AND

HALF BLOOD PRINCE INTO HARRY POTTER DAN

PANGERAN BERDARAH CAMPURAN

I NENGAH SURYAWAN

POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM

UDAYANA UNIVERSITY

DENPASAR

2016

i

THESIS

SHIFTS IN THE TRANSLATION OF LOCATIVE

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES IN HARRY POTTER AND

HALF BLOOD PRINCE INTO HARRY POTTER DAN

PANGERAN BERDARAH CAMPURAN

I NENGAH SURYAWAN

NIM 1390161024

MASTER PROGRAM

LINGUISTIC PROGRAM IN TRANSLATION STUDIES

POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM

UDAYANA UNIVERSITY

DENPASAR

2016

ii

SHIFTS IN THE TRANSLATION OF LOCATIVE

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES IN HARRY POTTER AND

HALF BLOOD PRINCE INTO HARRY POTTER DAN

PANGERAN BERDARAH CAMPURAN

Thesis for obtaining a Master Degree

In the Master Program, Linguistic Program in Translation Studies

Postgraduate Program, Udayana University

I NENGAH SURYAWAN

NIM 1390161024

MASTER PROGRAM

LINGUISTIC PROGRAM IN TRANSLATION STUDIES

POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM

UDAYANA UNIVERSITY

DENPASAR

2016

iv

This Thesis Has Been Examined By the Board of Examiner

on February 17th, 2016

The Board Examiners According to the Decree of Rector of Udayana University

Number: 996/UN14.4/HK/2016, Date: February 17th, 2016

The Board of Examiners:

Chairman : Prof. Dr. Drs. Ida Bagus Putra Yadnya, M.A.

Members :

1. Dr. Ida Ayu Made Puspani, M.Hum.

2. Dr. Ni Luh Ketut Mas Indrawati, TEFL, M.A.

3. Dr. Frans I Made Brata, M.Hum.

4. Dr. Ni Wayan Sukarini, M.Hum.

v

PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIAT

Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini:

Nama : I Nengah Suryawan

NIM : 1390161024

Program Studi : Magister (S2) Linguistik

Judul Tesis : Shifts in The Translation of Locative Prepositional

Phrases in Harry Potter and Half Blood Prince into

Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah Campuran

Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa Karya Ilmiah Tesis ini bebas plagiat. Apabila pada

kemudian hari terbukti terdapat plagiat dalam karya ilmiah ini, maka saya

bersedia menerima sanksi sesuai Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik

Indonesia No. 17 Tahun 2010 dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.

Denpasar, 17 Pebruari 2016

I Nengah Suryawan

vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Firstly, I would like to thank God, Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa, for the

blessing so I can finish this thesis. This thesis cannot be finished without supports

from many parties.

In this occasion I would like to thank the Rector of Udayana University,

Prof. Dr. dr. Ketut Suastika, Sp.PD-KEM for the opportunity given to me to

participate and finish the study in Post Graduate Program of Udayana University.

I would like to thank the Director of Post Graduate Program of Udayana

University, Prof. Dr. dr. A.A. Raka Sudewi, Sp.S (K), for the facilities given in

supporting my study.

I also would like to thank the Head of Master Program in Linguistic

Department, Prof. Dr. Drs. Ida Bagus Putra Yadnya, M.A. doubling as my first

supervisor for giving motivation and encouragement during my study. My sincere

gratitude goes to Dr. Ida Ayu Made Puspani, M.Hum., as my second supervisor

doubling as my academic supervisor who always guides, supports and gives

motivation during my study and at the time of composing the thesis and to the

Lecturers of Translation Studies of Post Graduate Program Udayana University

for giving knowledge about translation and linguistics. I would like to thank the

administration staff of Linguistics Post Graduate Program, namely I Ketut Ebuh,

S.Sos, I Nyoman Sadra, S.S., Nyoman Adi Triani, S.E., I Gusti Ayu Supadmini

for all of the assistances and services during my study.

I would like to thank the library staff of Post Graduate Program, namely

Dra. Ni Nyoman Sumerti, and Ni Nyoman Sukartini for the assistances and

services during my study, my family, who always support and encourage me as

vii

soon as possible to finish my study in Post Graduate Program of Udayana

University and all of my friends in Translation Studies Post Graduate Program

Udayana University for their kindness and cooperation during my study.

All of the advantages and disadvantages of this thesis become my

responsibility. Therefore, it is expected that there will be advices as well as

criticisms from the readers to enhance this thesis. Hopefully, this thesis can be

useful for the readers especially for the translators, students and anyone who are

interested in translation. Wish God, Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa, blesses all of

us.

Denpasar, February 17th, 2016

I Nengah Suryawan

viii

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis pergeseran penerjemahan

yang terjadi dan akibat yang ditimbulkannya dalam penerjemahan frasa berkata

depan tempat dalam bahasa Inggris ke bahasa Indonesia.

Data penelitian diambil dari novel Harry Potter and Half Blood Prince

dan terjemahannya Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah Campuran. Data

dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai penerjemahan

frasa berkata depan tempat. Dalam pengumpulan data, penelitian ini

menggunakan teknik note taking. Data dianalisis dengan membandingkan bahasa

sumber dan bahasa target untuk menemukan dan menganalisis jenis pergeseran

dan dampak pergeseran dalam penerjemahan. Dalam penelitian ini hanya frasa

berkata depan tempat dengan kata depan around, over, through dan towards yang

dianalisis.

Teori-teori utama yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adalah teori

penerjemahan oleh Larson (1998), pergeseran dalam penerjemahan oleh Catford

(1965) dan pengurangan dan penambahan informasi oleh Nida (1975). Teori-teori

pendukung adalah teori struktur sintaksis kalimat oleh Radford (1988), frasa

preposisional bahasa Inggris oleh Quirk dan kawan-kawan (1980) dan frasa

preposisional Bahasa Indonesia oleh Alwi dan kawan-kawan (1998).

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jenis pergeseran yang terjadi dalam

penerjemahan adalah level shift, intra system shift, unit shift, structure shift dan

class shift. Akibat pergeseran dalam penerjemahan berupa pengurangan dan

penambahan informasi.

Kata kunci: pergeseran penerjemahan, penerjemahan, frasa berkata depan tempat,

penambahan dan pengurangan informasi.

ix

ABSTRACT

The aims of the writing were to identify types of translation shifts applied

and the impacts of translation shifts occurred in the translation of English locative

prepositional phrases into Indonesian.

The data for the study were taken from a novel Harry Potter and Half

Blood Prince and its translation Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah Campuran.

The data were qualitatively analyzed in order to have a description of the

translation of the English locative prepositional phrases. The technique of note

taking was applied in collecting the data. The data were analyzed by comparing

source to target language in order to find and analyze type of shifts applied

together with their impacts to the translation. It was only the locative prepositional

phrases with prepositions around, over, through and towards were analyzed.

The main theories applied in the analyses were translation theory proposed

by Larson (1998), translation shift proposed by Catford (1965) and loss and gain

of information by Nida (1975). The supporting theories were sentence syntactic

structure by Radford (1988), English Prepositional Phrase by Quirk, et.al (1980)

and Indonesian Prepositional Phrase by Alwi, et.al (1998).

It was found in the study that types of shifts applied in the translation were

level shift, class shift, structure shift, intra system shift and unit shift. The impacts

of translation shifts applied in the translation were loss and gain of information.

Key words: translation shift, translation, locative prepositional phrase, loss and

gain of information.

x

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

INSIDE COVER ................................................................................................ i

TITLE PREREQUISITE .................................................................................. ii

APPROVAL SHEET ......................................................................................... iii

THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS ...................................................................... iv

SURAT PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIAT ..................................................... v

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................... vi

ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................ viii

ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................... x

ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................... xii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ............................................................................... 1

1.2 Problems of the Study .................................................................................... 5

1.3 Aims of the Study .......................................................................................... 5

1.3.1 General Aims ............................................................................................... 5

1.3.2 Specific Aims .............................................................................................. 6

1.4 Significance of the Study ............................................................................... 6

1.4.1 Academic Significance ................................................................................ 6

1.4.2 Practical Significance ................................................................................. 7

1.5 Scope of the Study ......................................................................................... 7

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW, CONCEPTS, THEORETICAL

FRAMEWORKS AND RESEARCH MODEL ................................................ 8

2.1 Literature Review ........................................................................................... 8

2.2 Concepts ......................................................................................................... 16

2.2.1 Translation ................................................................................................... 16

2.2.2 Translation Equivalence .............................................................................. 17

2.2.3 Preposition ................................................................................................... 18

2.2.4 Locative Prepositional Phrase...................................................................... 19

2.3 Theoretical Frameworks ................................................................................ 20

2.3.1 Theory of Translation .................................................................................. 22

2.3.2 Prepositional Phrase..................................................................................... 26

2.3.2.1 English Prepositional Phrase .................................................................... 26

2.3.2.2 Indonesian Prepositional Phrase ................................................................ 28

2.3.3 Translation Shifts ......................................................................................... 31

2.3.3.1 Level Shift ................................................................................................ 31

2.3.3.2 Category Shift ........................................................................................... 31

2.3.4 Loss and Gain of Information ...................................................................... 33

2.3.5 Sentence Syntactic Structure ....................................................................... 36

2.4 Research Model ............................................................................................ 39

xi

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODS ......................................................... 41

3.1 Research Approach ........................................................................................ 41

3.2 Data Sources .................................................................................................. 42

3.3 Research Instruments ..................................................................................... 42

3.4 Method and Technique of Collecting Data .................................................... 43

3.5 Method and Technique of Analyzing Data .................................................... 43

3.6 Method and Technique of Presenting Data .................................................... 44

CHAPTER IV SHIFTS IN THE TRANSLATION OF LOCATIVE

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES IN HARRY POTTER AND HALF

BLOOD PRINCE INTO HARRY POTTER DAN PANGERAN BERDARAH

CAMPURAN ..................................................................................................... 47

4.1 Shifts Applied in The Translation of Locative Prepositional Phrases in

Harry Potter and Half Blood Prince into Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah

Campuran ........................................................................................................... 49

4.1.1 Level Shift ................................................................................................ 49

4.1.2 Class Shift ................................................................................................ 58

4.1.3 Structure Shift .......................................................................................... 70

4.1.4 Intra-system Shift ..................................................................................... 80

4.1.5 Unit Shift .................................................................................................. 85

4.1.5.1 From a Low to a High Unit .................................................................... 85

4.1.5.2 From a High to a Low Unit .................................................................... 91

4.2 Impacts of Translation Shifts Occurred in Translating Locative

Prepositional Phrases in Harry Potter and Half Blood Prince into Harry

Potter dan Pangaren Berdarah Campuran ....................................................... 94

4.2.1 Loss of Information .................................................................................. 95

4.2.2 Gain of Information .................................................................................. 100

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................... 105

5.1 Conclusion .................................................................................................. 105

5.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................... 106

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES

xii

ABBREVIATIONS

A = Adjective

ADV = Adverb

AdvP = Adverb Phrase

AP = Adjectival Phrase

D = Determiner

Det-A = Definite Article

Indet-A = Indefinite Article

M = Modal

N = Noun

NP = Noun Phrase

P = Preposition

PP = Prepositional Phrase

Poss.mark = Possessive Marker

S = Sentence

SL = Source Language

SLT = Source Language Text

TL = Target Language

TLT = Target Language Text

V = Verb

VP = Verb Phrase