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Shifting trends and fortunes in european crop plant genomics since the 1980’s. By Steve Hughes ESRC Genomics Network. 1970s Phase 1 Exploration/scoping. Plant genome analysis – molecular tools Plant gene isolation- storage proteins; Rubisco Patents on core enabling rDNA technology - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Shifting trends and fortunes in european crop plant genomics
since the 1980’s
By Steve HughesESRC Genomics Network
1970s Phase 1 Exploration/scoping
• Plant genome analysis – molecular tools
• Plant gene isolation- storage proteins; Rubisco
• Patents on core enabling rDNA technology
• Contained use regulation• Mainly public sector institutions PBI
• Beginnings of private sector involvement
1980s phase2 Exploration/Opportunism
• Suspension of genomic thinking• Plant gene isolation – products; agronomy• Plant gene transfer Atumefaciens (GMplant)• Herbicide/insect tolerance- category GMcrop• Antisense control – gene silencing –resurgence of
genomic thinking • Extensified private sector, GIBiP• Explosion of patenting – enabling&applications• Deliberate release ; field trials• PROSAMO study
Phase3 1990s Opportunism
• Commercial trials: herbicide, insect resistance • Test markets: imported tomato; soya, cotton
• Organised reaction: articulated uncertainty• Company consolidation• Consensus conference• Trait discovery• Marker-assisted breeding: rflp, aflp,rapd
microsatellite
1990s Opportunism 2
• TRIPS , patents PVR• EU 92/20 ACRE• Food use ACNFP• EU commercial moratorium• Ethical review - Nuffield CB• Commercial moratorium ( exception
spanish maize)
2000s Reflection, distributed cognition
• Plant/crop genome sequences: rice, network –v-patenting
• Marker-assisted breeding; tilling; Generation Challenge GDR-P
• Prospectus for agriculture and silvaculture – recognition of disconnections: EASAC; EPSO; ERA-PG; BBSRC
• Producer-consumer relations - food• Non-food uses: biofuel, feedstocks• Opposition shift• Environmental impact: Farm Scale trials
2000s Reflection, distributed cognition
• Continued commercial moratorium – heterogeneous national views – legal decisions on local derogations
• Trade dispute EU-USA at WTO
• Plants for the Future initiative
• A new wave?
EPSO technology platform: Plants for the Future
• Strategic Research Agenda – reconnect with EU prospectus to 2025
• Public-private partnerships• Stakeholder network – sustainable
systems approach/consultation• Keywords: healthy, safe, landscape, green
products, competitiveness, consumer-choice, governance.
• Connectivity knowledge-sharing
Apomixis: a study of the distributed networked global
production system
Useful sites
• Hughes,S : Plant Biotechnology Journal (2006) 4, 3-5• European Academies Science Advisory Council :
Genomics and Crop plant science published 24th May 2004 at http://www.easac.org/CPG%20report_fin5.pdf
• http://www.epsoweb.org/Catalog/TP/EPSO%20pressrelease%20web_22Jun04.htm
• http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk/news/reports/Welcome.html. • http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/press/2004/pr3001-
2en.html • http://www.defra.gov.uk/science/rpg/
research_priorities.htm • http://www.tailoringbiotechnologies.com/