Shell Expansion naval arc diponegoro university

SHELL EXPANSION 2011

SHEEL EXSPANSION (Mix Framing System)According to Rules BKI 2006 / Rule VOL II

Calculation of Shell Expansion

A. Principal Dimension of Ship

Type : CONTAINER SHIP

Lpp : 167,74 m

B : 27,50 m

H : 14,30 m

T : 9,70 m

Cb : 0,78

Vd : 19,10 kNot

Dwt : 23219,10 ton

B. Load Calculation :

1. Weather Load Deck (BKI Vol, II 2006 Sec. 4 Chap.B.1.1)

Deck of weather is all of deck which free deck except upper deck which not effective

whereas the position in behind at 0,15L from collusion bulkhead.

Load deck of weather is calculated by the formula: :

Pd=P0×20 T(10+Z−T )×H

×CD

Where :

Pd = Weather load deck

C0 = 10 , 75−[300−L

100]

1,5 = 10 , 75−[300−167 , 74

100]

1,5 = 9,23

CL = 1 for L > 90 m

f = 1,0 for shell plate and weather deck

f = 0.5 , for frame, web frame,stringer dan grillage

CRW = 1,0 for unlimited

P0 = 2,1 x (Cb + 0,7) x C0 x CL x f x CRW (Sec.4 Chap. A.2.2)

P0 = 2,1 x (0,78 + 0,7) x 9,23 x 1 x 1 x 1 = 28,69 kN/m2

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Z =2/3 H = 14,30 m Vertical Distance from centre load to baseline

CD1= 1,2 –

xL for 0 ≤

xL < 0,2 in the after area of ship (A)

CD1= 1,2 – 0,1 = 1,1

CD2 =1,0 for 0,2 ≤

xL < 0,7 in the middle area of ship (M)

CD3 = 1,0 + {

c3 x (

xL - 0,7)} for 0,7 ≤

xL ≤ 1,0 in the fore area of ship (F)

CD3 = 1,0 + {

15 , 163 x (0,85 -0,7)} c = 0,15 x L – 10

Lmin = 100 m Lmax = 200 m

CD3 = 1,76 c = (0,15 x 167,74) – 10 = 15,16

a) Load deck area 0≤x/L≤0,2 (poop of ship ) is

Pd1 =P0×

20 T(10+Z−T )×H

×C Dg

Pd1 = 28 , 69×20×9 ,70

(10+9 ,53−9 , 70)×14 ,30×1,1

Pd1 = 43,55 kN/m2

b) Load deck area 0,2≤x/L≤0,7 (midship ) is :

Pd2=P0×20 T(10+Z−T )×H

×C D

Pd2 = 28 , 69×20×9 ,70

(10+9 ,53−9 , 70)×14 ,30×1,0

Pd2 = 39,59 kN/m2

c) Load deck area 0,7≤x/L≤1,0 (bow of ship) is :

Pd3=P0×20 T(10+Z−T )×H

×C D

Pd3 = 28 , 69×20×9 ,70

(10+9 ,53−9 , 70)×14 ,30×1 ,76

Pd3 = 69,56 kN/m2

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2. Load Side of Ship ( BKI Vol II 2006 Sec.4 Chap.B.2.1.1)

1. Load Side of ship under water line (Waterline)

PS=10(T−Z )+P0×C f×(1+ ZT) 1/3 T

Where: Z

Ps = Load side of ship

P0 = 28,69 kN/m2

Z =

13 x T =

13 x 9,70 = 3,23 m Vertical Distance from centre load to baseline

Cf1 = 1,0 + {

5Cb x (0,2 –

xL )} for 0≤

xL < 0,2 in after area of ship

Cf 1 = 1,0 + {

50 ,78 x (0,2 – 0 .1)}

Cf1 = 1.64

Cf2 = 1,0 for 0,2≤

xL < 0,7 in the middle area of ship

Cf3 = 1,0 + {

20Cb x (

xL – 0,7)2} for 0,7 ≤

xL ≤1,0 in the fore area of ship

Cf3 = 1,0 + {

200 ,78 x (0 ,85– 0,7)2} = Cf3 = 1,6

1) Load side of ship in area 0≤x/L≤0,2 (poop)

Ps1 = 10(T−Z )+P0×C f 1×(1+ ZT)

Ps1 = 10(9 ,70−3 ,23 )+28 , 69×1 , 64×(1+ 3 , 23

9 , 70 )Ps1 = 127,41 kN/m2

2) Load side of ship in area 0,2≤x/L≤0,7 (middle)

Ps2 = 10(T−Z )+P0×C f 2×(1+ ZT)

Ps2 = 10(9 ,70−3 ,23 )+28 , 69×1×(1+ 3 , 23

9 , 70 )

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Ps2 = 102,94 kN/m2

3) Load side of ship in area 0,7≤x/L≤1,0 (bow)

Ps3 = 10(T−Z )+P0×C f 3×(1+ ZT)

Ps3 = 10(9 ,70−3 ,23 )+28 ,69×1,6×(1+ 3 ,23

9 ,70 )Ps3 = 125,88 kN/m2

2. Load side of ship in the above of water load (water line)

PS=P0×C f×20

10+Z−T

Where :

Ps = Load Side of Ship

P0 = 28,69 kN/m2

Z = T +

12 (H – T) Z ½ (H – T)

Z = 9,70 +

12 (14,30 – 9,70) T H

Z = 12 m

1) Load side of ship to area 0≤x/L≤0,2 (poop)

Ps1 = P0×

C f 1×20

10+Z−T

Ps1 =

28 , 69× 1 , 64×2010+12−9 , 70

Ps1 = 76,50 kN/m2

2) Load side of ship to area 0,2≤x/L≤0,7 (middle)

Ps2 = P0×

C f 1×20

10+Z−T

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Load deck

Load Inner Base

Load Base

Load side deck

Load side above

waterline

Load side under waterline


Ps2 = 28 , 69× 1×20

10+12−9 , 70

Ps2 = 46,65 kN/m2

3) Load side of ship to area 0,7≤x/L≤1,0 (bow)

Ps3 = P0×

C f 1×20

10+Z−T

Ps3 = 28 , 69× 1,6×20

10+3 ,23−9 , 70

Ps3 = 74,63 kN/m2

3. Load side for upper deck building

PS=P0×C f×20

10+Z−T

Where :

Ps = Load deck of weather

P0 = 28,69 kN/m2

Z Vertical Distance from centre load to baseline

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Z1 = H+

12 h = 14,30+ (

12 x 2,3) = 15,45

Z2 = H+

32 h = 14,30+ (

32 x 2,3) = 17,75

Z3 = H+

52 h = 14,30+ (

52 x 2,3) = 20,05

Z4 = H+

72 h = 14,30+ (

72 x 2,3) = 22,35

Z5=Z4+h=22,35 + 2,3 = 24,65

1) Load for Poop Deck

Ps1 = P0×

C f 1×20

10+Z1−T

Ps1= 28 , 69× 1, 64×20

10+15 , 45−9 ,70

Ps1 =30,77 kN/m2

2) Load for Boat Deck

Ps2 = P0×

C f 1×20

10+Z2−T

Ps2=

28 , 69× 1 , 64×2010+17 ,75−9 ,70

Ps2 = 30,50 kN/m2

3) Load for Navigation Deck

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Ps3 = P0×

C f 1×20

10+Z3−T

Ps3=

28 , 69× 1 , 64×2010+20 ,05−9 , 70

Ps3 = 30,30 kN/m2

4) Load for Bridge

Ps4 =

P0×C f 1×20

10+Z4−T

Ps4=

28 , 69× 1 , 64×2010+22, 35−9 , 70

Ps4 = 30,14 kN/m2

5) Load for Forecastle Deck

Ps5 = P0×

C f 3×20

10+Z5−T

Ps5 = 28 , 69× 1,6×20

10+24 , 65−9 ,70

Ps5 = 30,01 kN/m2

4. Load base of Ship ( Sec. 4 Chap. B.3)

Pb = 10×T+P0×C f (kN /m2 )

Where :

Pb = Load base of Ship

P0 = 28,69 kN/m2

a) Load Base on after area 0 ≤

xL

≤ 0,2

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Pb1=10×T +P0×C f 1

Pb1 = 10 x 9,70 + 28,69 x 1,64

Pb1 = 144,04 kN/m2

b) Load Base on fore area 0,8 ≤

xL

≤ 1,0

Pb3=10×T+P0×C f3

Pb3 = 10 x 9,70 + 28,69 x 1,6

Pb3 = 142,90 kN/m2

c) Load Base on 0,8L midship

Pb2 = 10×T+P0×C f

Pb2 = 10 x 9,70 + 28,69 x 1,0

Pb2 = 125,69 kN/m2

5. Load deck of upper building and Home deck ( BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec.4 Chap.B.5.1)

a) Load deck of upper building and Home deck

PD A=PD×n (kN /m2 )

Where:

PD = Load deck of weather

PD = Pd1 = 43,55 kN/m2

n = 1 –

Z−H10 Z =

13 x T

n = 1 –

3 ,23−14 , 3010 Z =

13

x 9,70

n = 2,11 Z = 3,23

nmin = 0,5

PDA=PD×n

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PDA = 43,55 x 2,11

PDA = 91,90 kN/m2

b) For poop deck


Where :

PD = Load Deck of Weather

PD = Pd1 = 43,55 kN/m2

n = 1 –

Z−H10 Z = H +

12 h

n = 1 –

15 , 45−14 , 3010 Z = 14,30 + (

12 x 2,3) , h = high of upper

building

n = 0,88 Z = 15,45 m

nmin = 0,5

PD A=PD×n

PDA = 43,55 x 0,88

PDA = 38,32 kN/m2

c) For boat deck


Where :


PD = Pd1 = 43,55 kN/m2

n = 1 –

Z−H10 Z = H +

112 2,3

n = 1 –

17 , 75−14 ,3010 Z = 14,30 +

112 x 2,3 ;h = high of upper

building

n = 0,66 Z = 17,75 m

nmin = 0,5

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PD A=PD×n

PDA = 43,55 X 0,66

PDA = 28,74 kN/m2

d) Load deck in navigation deck


Where :


PD = Pd1 = 43,55 kN/m2

n = 1 –

Z−H10 Z = H +

212 h

n = 1 –

20 , 05−14 , 3010 Z = 14,30 +

212 x 2,3 ;h = high of upper

building

n = 0,43 Z =20,05 m

nmin = 0,5

PD A=PD×n

PDA = 43,55 X 0,5

PDA = 21,78 kN/m2

e) Load deck in Bridge


Where :


PD = Pd1 = 43,5465 kN/m2

n = 1 –

Z−H10 Z = H +

312 h

n = 1 –

22 , 35−14 ,3010 Z = 14,30 +

312 x 2,3 ; h = high of upper

building

n = 0,20 ; nmin = 0,5 Z = 22,35 m

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PD A=PD×n

PDA = 43,55 X 0,5

PDA = 21,78 kN/m2

f) Load deck in forecastle deck


Where :

n = 1,0

PD = Pd3 = 69,56 kN/m2

PD A=PD×n

PDA = 69,56 X 1

PDA = 69,56 kN/m2

6. Calculation thick of deck strength plate and sheel plate (on side, base, bilge and

keel)

Data that we needed :

a0 = distance of normal frame

a0 = 2,5L + 410mm

a0 = 2,5(167,74) + 410 = 829,35

a0 = 0,829 m 0,825 m a0 not allowed high from 0,825 m

k = 1,0 material factor for ordinary steels

tk = 1,5 load corrosion factor

nf = 0,83 for longitudinal frame system

nf = 1,0 for transverse frame system

a) Thick of strength deck plate (BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec.7 Chap.A.7.1)

tE=1,21×a×√Pd×k+ tk (mm)

Where :

tmin = (5,5 + 0,02L)

tmin = (5,5 + (0,02 x 167,74))

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tmin = 8,85 mm ≈ 9 m

1) Thick of strength deck plate in 0,1L area from AP (after area)

tE 1=1 ,21×a×√Pd1×k+t k

tE1 = 1,21 x 0,6 x √43,55 x 1 + 1,5

tE1 = 6,29 mm 7 mm

2) Thick of strength deck plate in 0,4L area midship (middle area)

tE 2=1 ,21×a×√Pd 2×k+t k

tE2 = 1,21 x 0,825 x √39,59 x 1 + 1,5

tE2 = 7,78 mm 8 mm

3) Thick of strength deck plate in 0,05L area from FP (fore area)

tE 3=1 ,21×a×√ Pd3×k+t k

tE3 = 1,21 x 0,6 x √69,56 x 1 + 1,5

tE3 = 7,55 mm 8 mm

4) Thick of upper building plate

tE=1,21×a×√PD A×k+t k

tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x √91,90 x 1 + 1,5

tE = 8,45 mm 9 mm

a. Thick of plate in Poop Deck


tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x √38,32 x 1 + 1,5

tE = 5,99 mm 6 mm

b. Thick of plate in boat deck


tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x √28,74 x 1 + 1,5

tE = 5,39 mm 6 mm

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c. Thick of plate in navigation deck


tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x√18,72 x 1 + 1,5

tE = 4,64 mm 5 mm

d. Thick of plate in forecastle deck


tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x √69,56 x 1 + 1,5

tE = 7,55 mm 8 mm

e. Thick of plate in Bridge


tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x √8,71 x 1 + 1,5

tE = 3,64 mm 4 mm

b) Thick of side ships plate ( BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec. 6 Chap.C.1.2)

a. Thick of side ships plate Under of Waterline (LWL)

tS 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PS

σ pl

+t k (mm )

tS 2=1, 21×a×√PS×k+t k (mm ) for L 90 m

Where :

pl = perm – (0,89 x LS) (N/mm2) perm =

230k LS =

120k

pl = 230 – (0,89 x 120) perm =

2301 LS =

1201

pl = 123,2 mm

1) Thick of side ships plate 0,1L from AP (after area)

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tS 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PS 1

σ pl

+t k

tS 1=18 ,3×1,0×0,6×√127 ,41123 ,2

+1,5

tS 1=11,16 mm ≈ 12 mm

tS 2=1, 21×a×√PS1×k+ tk

tS 2=1, 21×0,6×√127 , 41×1+1,5tS 2=9 , 69 mm ≈ 10 mm

2) Thick of side ships plate 0,4L midship

tS 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PS 2

σ pl

+t k

tS 1=18 ,3×1,0×0 ,825×√102 ,94123 ,2

+1,5

tS 1=15 ,3 mm ≈ 16 mm

tS 2=1, 21×a×√PS 2×k+t k

tS 2=1, 21×0 , 825×√102 , 94×1+1,5tS 2=11 , 62 mm ≈ 12 mm

3) Thick of side ships plate 0,05L from FP

tS 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PS 3

σ pl

+t k

tS 1=18 ,3×1,0×0,6×√125 ,88123 ,2

+1,5

tS 1=12,59 mm ≈ 13 mm

tS 2=1, 21×a×√PS 3×k+t k

tS 2=1, 21×0,6×√125 , 88×1+1,5tS 2=9 , 64 mm≈10 mm

b. Thick of side ships plate in the top of waterline (LWL)

tS 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PS

σ pl

+t k (mm )

tS 2=1, 21×a×√PS×k+t k (mm ) for L 90 m

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Where :

pl = 123,2 mm

1) Thick of side ships plate 0,1L dari AP (after area)

tS 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PS 1

σ pl

+t k

tS 1=18 ,3×1,0×0,6×√76 , 50123 ,2

+1,5

tS 1=10 ,15 mm ≈ 11 mm

tS 2=1, 21×a×√PS1×k+ tk

tS 2=1, 21×0,6×√76 , 50×1+1,5tS 2=7 , 85 mm ≈ 8 mm

2) Thick of side ships plate 0,4L midship

tS 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PS 2

σ pl

+t k

tS 1=18 ,3×0,1×0 ,825×√46 , 65123 ,2

+1,5

tS 1=10 ,79 mm ≈ 11 mm

tS 2=1, 21×a×√PS 2×k+t k

tS 2=1, 21×0 , 825×√46 , 45×1+1,5tS 2=8,3 mm ≈ 9mm

3) Thick of side ships plate 0,05L from FP

tS 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PS 3

σ pl

+t k

tS 1=18 ,3×1,0×0,6×√74 , 63123 ,2

+1,5

tS 1=10 ,04 mm ≈ 11 mm

tS 2=1, 21×a×√PS 3×k+t k

tS 2=1, 21×0,6×√74 ,63×1+1,5tS 2=7 ,77 mm ≈ 8 mm

c) Thick of Base ship plate ( BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec.6 Chap.B.1.2)

tB 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PB

σ pf

+ tk (mm)

tB 2=1 ,21×a×√PB×k+ tk (mm) for L 90 m

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Where :

pf = pl

pf = 123,2 mm

1) Thick of Base ship plate 0,1L from AP

tB 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PB 1

σ pf

+t k

tB 1=18 ,3×0 ,83×0,6×√144 ,04123 , 2

+1,5

tB 1=11,35 mm ≈ 12 mm

tB 2=1 ,21×a×√PB 1×k+t k

tB 2=1 ,21×0,6×√144 , 04×1+1,5tB 2=10 , 21 mm ≈ 11 mm

2) Thick of Base ship plate 0,4L midship

tB 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PB 2

σ pf

+ tk

tB 1=18 ,3×0 , 83×0 , 825×√125 ,69123 ,2

+1,5

tB 1=14 , 15 mm ≈ 15 mm

tB 2=1 ,21×a×√PB 2×k+t k

tB 2=1 ,21×0 , 825×√125 ,69×1+1,5tB 2=12 ,69 mm ≈ 13 mm

3) Thick of Base ship plate 0,05L from FP

tB 1=18 ,3×n f×a×√PB 3

σ pf

+ tk

tB 1=18 ,3×0 ,83×0,6×√142 ,90123 ,2

+1,5

tB 1=11 ,31 mm ≈ 12 mm

tB 2=1 ,21×a×√PB 3×k+t k

tB 2=1 ,21×0,6×√142 , 90×1+1,5tB 2=10 ,17 mm ≈ 12 mm

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7. S heer str a k e ( Sec. 6 Chap .C.3)

a. Thick of sheer strake for 0,4L midship not allowed less than side plate, not

allowed less than 10 mm.

b. Thick of sheer strake (thick of sheer strake in the out of midship same as

thick of side plate in the top of ship and cannot less than 10%. Thick of

sheer strake in 0,1L from AP (after peak) same with thick of after side

plate. Thick of sheer strake 0,5L from FP same with thick of fore side

plate.

c. Wide of sheer strake

b = 800 + 5L bmax = 1800 mm

b = 800 + (5 x 167,74)

b = 1638,7 mm

b = 1800 mm

8. Bilge Plate (BKI Vol II 2006 Sec.6 B.4)

d. Thick of bilge plate (is took by the highest value from highest value of base

plate or thick of side plate)

For longitudinal frame construction same with thick of load base

After area = 12 mm

midship = 13 mm

fore area = 12 mm

e. Wide of bilge plate (Sec. 6 Chap.B.4.2)

b = 800 + 5L bmax = 1800 mm

b = 800 + (5 x 167,74)

b =1638,7 mm

b = 1800 mm

9. Keel Plate (BKI Vol II 2006 Sec. 6 B.5)

f. Thick f keel plate 0,7L midship (Sec. 6 Chap.B.5.1)

tFK = t + 2,0 (mm)

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Where :

t = thick of load base plate 0,4L midship

tFK = t + 2,0

tFK = 15 + 2,0

tFK = 17 mm

g. Thick of keel plate 0,15L from AP and also FP

tFK’ = 90% tFK

tFK’ = 90% x 17

tFK’ = 15,3~16 mm

h. Wide of keel plate

b = 800 + 5L

b = 800 + (5 x 167,74)

b = 1638,7 mm

b = 1800 mm

10. Calculation for high of double bottom

HDB = 350 + 45 B

= 350 + 45 (27,50)

= 1587,5 m

11. Calculation of watertight bulkhead ( Sec. 11 Chap. 1.2)

a. Calculation of water bulkhead

Calculation of watertight bulkhead distance

1. After = (5 % – 8 %) x LPP

= 5,72% x 167,74 m = 9,6 m

Fore = (5 % – 8 %) x LPP

= 5,21% x 167,74 m = 8,74 m

2. Engine Room to AP = (17 % - 22%) x LPP

= 20,03 % x167,74m

= 33,6 m

b. Amount of water bulkhead ( BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec.11 Chap.1.2)

For length of ships that have range between 90< L 125 are have 8 bulks.

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Length of ship 167,74 m is have 8 bulks

12. Strengthening in Way of Stern Frames, Propeller and Bilge Plate ( sec. 6. F.1.1)

Thick of after shell plate minimum same with side shell plate midship area = 13 mm

i. Thick of Holder Propeller must be thicker :

t = 1,5 + t1

= 1,5 + 13

= 14,5 mm take 15 mm

j. Bilge plate taken by under side plate that weld water tight around, so if the

ship raech base of sea, the plate will not broken.

13. Additional Expansion in the Shell

k. Expansion for window, air circulation hole and exhaust valve sea hole, the

angles must be near / suitable with water tight construction.

l. On fore anchor hole, plate must be given by doubling.

14. Bulwark (Sec. 6 K)

m. High of Bulwark

Minimal High of Bulwark 1000 mm

Calcultaion of profile construction according for Rules of BKI (Biro Klasifikasi

Indonesia) 2006 Volume II.

15. Double Bottom Construction

n. Center Girder

1) High of Center Girder (Sec 8 B 2.2)

High of Center Girder not allowed less than

h = 350 + 45B hmin = 600 mm

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= 350 + 45 x 27,50 h ≤1200 mm

= 1587,5 mm ≈ 1800 mm

Thick of CG nott allowed less than

tCG = [h100+1,0]√k hCG ≤ 1200 mm

= [1800100

+1,0]= 19 m

For 0.15 L fore and after , thick of plate can less than 10 %

o. Side Girder

1) Thick of Side Girder (Sec 8 B 3)

tSG = h120

×√k=1800120

×√1=15 mm

Amount of Side Girdera) Minimal Side Girder in engine room and 0,25L from FPb) Amount of Side Girder in other area from double bottom basicly 0.5B is:

Amount Side GirderDistance between CG-Side

of ship

1 >4,5 m

2 > 8 m

3 > 10,5 m

B = 27,50 m

0,5 B = 13,75

According to the table, so amount of Side Girder that we use are 3 side girders.

2) Distance between Side Girder

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Distance between SG, CG,

and side of shipAmount of Side Girder

< 4,5 m 1 SG

< 4 m 2 SG

< 3,5 m 3 SG

1,8 m In engine room

SG = 3

According to the table, so distance between Side Girder, Center Girder, and side

of ship is < 3,5 m. So distance between Side Girder, Center Girder, and side of

ship

Load Table and Plate Thick

NO Part Load(kN/m²)Plate Size (mm)

t1 SHEEL

1. Side Shell under waterline a. Fore 125,88 12 b. Midship 102,94 16 c. After 127,41 132. Side Shell above waterline a. Fore 75,09 11 b. Midship 44,96 11 c. After 74,63 113. Sheer Strake a. Fore 9 b. Midship 7

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c. After 84. Load side upper deck a. Poop Deck 30,77 b. Navigation Deck 30,30 c. Forecastle Deck 30,01 d. Boat Deck 30,50 e. Bridge 30,14

2 DECK 1. Strength Deck a. Fore 69,56 7 b. Midship 39,59 8 c. After 43,55 82. Poopdeck 38,32 63. Forecastle deck 69,56 84. Boat deck 28,74 65. Navigation deck 18,72 56. Bridge 8,71 4

NO Part Load(kN/m²)Plate Size (mm)

t3 BOTTOM

1. Load Base a. Fore 104,9 10 b. Midship 91,65 10 c. After 106,56 102. Keel Plate a. Fore 12 b. Midship 16 c. After 133. Bilge Plate a. Fore 12 b. Midship 13 c. After 12

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INDEKS

LPP = Panjang kapal dari AP sampai FP

B = Lebar kapal

H = Tinggi kapal

T = Sarat kapal (tinggi kapal sampai pada garis air muat)

Cb = Koefisien Blok


PO = Koefisien gelombang

Cl = Service pelayaran

CRW = Koefisient pelayaran tak terbatas

f = Faktor probabilitas

Z = Jarak vertikal titik berat sampai pada garis dasar

CD = Faktor berdasar tabel Sec. 4 Vol. II 2006 Table 4.1

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x = Jarak dari After sampai Fore

Ps = Beban sisi kapal

PB = Beban alas kapal

PDA = PD

a = Jarak gading normal

k = Faktor bahan untuk ordinary steels

tk = Faktor korosi

nf = Sistem gading

tE = Tebal pelat gading kekuatan

tS = Tebal pelat sisi

tB = Tebal pelat alas

b = Lebar deckhouse

tFK = Tebal pelat lunas

GLOSARIUM

1. Diktat Tugas Merancang 1

Lines Plan (Rencana Garis)

2. Teori Bangunan Kapal I dan II

Perhitungan Sheer, Chamber, Poopdeck, Forecastle deck, dan Penampang

Memanjang.

3. BKI(Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia) Vol. II tahun 2006

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TABEL PEMBEBANAN PLAT

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Ʃ1

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Ʃ

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Ʃ4

ƩTot 1

ƩTot 2

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1200 mm Plate

Side plates together with the frame is part construction of buildings on the main board because that section has the following functions:

• Protect space ships from intruding seawater.

• Holding the forces caused by the pressure of sea water

• Together with the deck and the base useful

• for the transverse and longitudinal strength of ships;

• To withstand the local load, ie load received when the vessel was launched and a collision with any other things..Plates consist of several rows side plates. Which included side plate is a plate located between the deck plates with plate side of the plate itself is called lane above. Plates of this lane mounted lengthwise from bow to stern of the ship.

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1800 mm Plate

1400 mm Plate

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Bilge Lane Width Determination (BKI) Bilge plate is installed on the curvature of the wings on either side of the ship bilge. Plate is useful to reduce the rocking ship. Installation of an elongated hull bilge from ½ to 2 / 3 length of the ship. Hull type, often made of two kinds, namely:

Bilge plate made from the plates tungggal profile. The profile used is the average bar or puffy profiles (Bulba), Bilge plate made from a double plate with reinforcement plates knee. Bilge hull width is limited or cultivated so as not to stick out from the maximum width of the base line and ship. It dimasudkan to avoid conflict and kekandasan vessels. Bilge hull width is a frequently used measure of the interpretation of 50-100 mm.

Fitting bilge settled there a variety of ways, namely: Plate fin dilaskan bilge continuous lane on the plate, then tied bilge profile by welding. Bilge plate dilaskan on plates and given skalop bilge lane along the hull.

Bilge settled existence can cause stress concentration in the end paid off. This would cause a rift bilge plate. To prevent these events from the settlement of the parts cut edge and cut cultivated sloping ends right at the knee bilge wrang or plates.

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RESUME

I. LOAD’S CALCULATION

A. WEATHER LOAD DECK CALCULATION

A.1 Load’s deck at Afterpeak (A) 0,1 L from AP

Pd1= 443 ,55 kN /m. 2

A.2.Load’s deck at Midship (M) 0,1L – 0,8L from AP

Pd2= 39 ,59 kN /m.2

A.3.Load’s deck at Forecastle (F) 0,8L – 1L from AP

Pd3= 69 ,59 kN /m.2

B. SIDE SHIP LOAD’S

1. Load side of ship under waterline

a. Side Load’s at afterpeak 0 ≤ x/L ≤ 0,2

Ps1= 127 , 41 kN /m2

b. Side load’s at 0,4L midship

Ps2=102 ,94 kN /m2

c. Side Load’s at forecastle 0,8 ≤ x/L ≤ 1,0

PS 3=125 , 88 kN /m2

2. Load side of ship above waterline

a. Side Load’s at afterpeak 0 ≤ x/L ≤ 0,2

Ps1= 76 ,50 kN /m2

b. Side load’s at 0,4L midship

Ps2=46 , 65 kN /m2

c. Side Load’s at forecastle 0,8 ≤ x/L ≤ 1,0

PS 3=74 ,63 kN /m2

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C. BOTTOM SHIP LOAD’S

a) Bottom Ship Load’s at afterpeak 0 ≤ X/L ≤ 0,2

Pb1=144 ,04 kN /m2

b) Bottom Ship Load’s at 0,6L midship

Pb2=142, 90 kN /m2

c) Bottom Ship Load’s at forecastle 0,8 ≤ X/L ≤ 1,0Pb3=125 ,69 kN /m2

D. UPPER BUILDING’S LOAD’S AND DECK

a) Load’s at poop deck

PD A 1=38 ,32 kN /m2

b) Load’s Boat Deck

PD A 2=28 ,74 kN /m2

c) Load’s at Navigations DeckPD A 3=21,78 kN /m2

d) Load’s at Forecastle DeckPD A 4=69 ,56 kN /m2

e) Load’s at BridgePD A 5=21 ,78 kN /m2

II. DECK PLATE CALCULATION AND SHELL PLATE (SIDE, BOTTOM, BILGE,

and KEEL).

A) POWER DECK PLATE

1) Thick of deck plate at 0,1L from AP (Afterpeak)

tE 1=6 ,29 mm = 7 mm

2) Thick of deck plate at 0,4L from M (Midship)tE 2=7 ,78 mm = 8 mm

3) Thick of deck plate at 0,05L from FP (Forecastle)

tE 3=7 ,55 mm = 8 mm

B) THICK OF PLATE AT UPPER BUILDING

1) Thick of deck plate at upper buildingtE=8 , 45 mm = 9 mm

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2) Thick of deck plate at boat deck

tE=5 ,39 mm = 6 mm

3) Thick of deck plate at navigation deck

tE=4 ,64 mm = 5 mm

4) Thick of deck plate at forecastle deck

tE=7 ,55 mm = 8 mm

5)Thick of deck plate at BridgetE=3 ,64 mm = 4 mm

i. SIDE PLATE

For upper the water line

1) Thick of side plate at 0,1L dari AP

tS 2=7 , 85 mm = 8 mm

2) Thick of side plate at 0,4L at Midship

tS 2=8,3 mm = 9 mm

3) Thick of side plate at 0,05L dari FP

tS 2=10 ,04 mm = 11 mm

For under the water line

1) Thick of side plate at 0,1L dari AP

t s 2=9 ,69 mm = 10 mm

2) Thick of side plate at 0,4L at Midship

t s 2=11 ,62 mm = 12 mm

3) Thick of side plate at 0,05L dari FP

t s 2=9 ,64 mm = 10 mm

D) BOTTOM PLATE

1) Thick of bottom plate at 0,1L from AP

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tB 2=10 , 21 mm = 11 mm

2) Thick of bottom plate at 0,4L Midship

tB 2=12 ,69 mm = 13 mm

3) Thick of bottom plate at 0,05L from FP

tB 2=10 ,17 mm = 11 mm

E) SHEER STRAKE

1) Sheer Strake

Generally, sheer strake at 0,4L midships can’t less from side plate, can’t less than 10

mm

2) Thick of sheer strake at outside 0,4L midship, Generally same with the thick side plate

at tip of ship but there is no more than 10%. Thick of sheer strake at 0,1L from

afterpeak same with the side plate at afterpeak. Thick of sheer strake at 0,05L from FP

same with the side plate at forepeak

3) Thick of sheer strake

b = 800 + 5L

b = 800 + (5 x 167,74)

b = 1638,7 mm (used the plate 1800 mm)

bmax = 1800 mm

F) BILGE PLATE

1) Thick of bilge plate

For longitudinal constrcution frame same with thick of side plate.

- AP = 11 mm = 12 mm

- Midship = 11,4 mm = 12 mm

- FP = 11,97 mm = 12 mm

2) Width of bilge plate (BKI Vol. II 2001 Sec. 6 Chap.B.4.2)

b = 800 + 5L

b = 800 + (5 x 167,74)

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bmax = 1800 mm

G) KEEL PLATE

1) Thick of keel plate at 0,7L Midship

tFK = 17 mm

2) Thick of keel plate 0,15L fromAP and from FP

tFK’ = 16 mm

3) Width of keel plate


H) HEIGHT OF DOUBLE BOTTOM

HDB = 1,6 m

I) FRAME DISTANCE

1. AP : 0,6 m

2. Midship : 0,825 m

3. FP : 0,6 m

J) TOTAL OF BULKHEAD

BKI Vol. II 2001 Sec.11 Chap.1.2

For the ship with size 165 < L 185 is 8 bulkhead.

Length of ship 167,74m used 8 bulkhead

K) DISTANCE OF BULKHEAD

1. FP = 9,6 m

2. AP = 8,74 m

3. AP – ENGINE HOLD = 33,6 m

L) DISTANCE OF WEB FRAMEDistance of Web Frame is 6000 mm

N) SIDE GIRDER/SIDE DECK GIRDER CALCULATION

a) Side Girder

There is 3 side girder used after this calculation.

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b) Distance Side Girder

Distance Side Girder, Center Girder, and side ship are 3,5 m.

THE WAY CALCULATE SHELL EXPANSION

1.Calculate of deck’s load

a. Calulate coefficient of C0 ( wave coefficient ).

b Calulate coefficient of CL (occour ship dimension).

c. Calulate coefficient of CRW ( coefficient area).

d Calulate coefficient of f ( probability factor ).

e Calulate coefficient of CD ,Cf (distribution factor )

f Calulate coefficient of Z ( point of weight)

2. Calulate Ship’s load

a. Calculate load’s dynamic base external ( P0 )

b. Calculate loads at deck ( PD ).

c. Calculate loads at cargo deck ( PL ).

d. Calculate side load under the Water line ( PS ).

e. Calculate side load up the Water line ( PS ).

f. Calculate load’s att bottom ship ( PB ).

g. Calculate load’s at upper building ( PDA ).

3. Calculate Distance of Frame

a. Calculate distance of frame at the ship ( a ).

b. Calculate the bulkhead

c. Calculate how much bulkhead in the ship

4. Calculate Thick of Plate

a. Calculate thick of deck plate ( tE ).

b. Calculate thick of side plate under water line ( tS ).

c. Calculate thick of side plate up water line ( tS ).

d. Calculate thik of bottom plate ( tB ).

e. Calculate thick of sheer strike.

f. Calculate thick of keel plate ( tFK ).

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