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[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 1
Carbon capture and geological storage
for Scotland
Stuart Haszeldine University of Edinburgh
School of GeoSciences
• CCS explained
• Impact Scotland
• Ready - ness
• Challenges Scotland
[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 2
Explained
--
Partial cleanup,
Costs more (than now),
Needs big companies,
Requires more fuel.
+Enables transition,
ONLY direct reduction
of CO2,
Large impact,
Scotland advantage.
[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 3
CO2 capture and storage 10,000yr remedy: bury CO2
in aquifers or oilfields
[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 6
Scottish CO2
EITHER
Stop coal and gas use
OR
Capture CO2
IF …….. by 2020, Scotland has 50% electricity from “renewables”. How is the other 50% made?
[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 7
Scottish liability
Cockenzie
Longannet
Peterhead
New coal
Replace Refit New
CO
2 to
nnag
e
1.5 Mt/yr gas SSE
10 Mt/yr coal SP
4.1 Mt/yr coal SP
8 Mt/yr coal ??
[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 8
UK competition CCS 2008
Longannet 10 Mt CO2 /yr coal Scottish Power
Hunterston 1.6 GW
8 Mt CO2
BP Alternative Energy Withdrawn
Kingsnorth 1.6 GW, 8Mt CO2 E.ON
0.4 GW, soon after 2014
Scotland MAY be UK leader.
But what
is Plan B if it loses?
[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 9
Sources and options: Scottish Region Storage
3) EOR import UK + EU?
2) “Aquifer”
1) “Export”
AIMSSourcesTimingsRoutesStoresCosts
14 companies
Feb 2009
CapacityUK 20yr
or 1,000yr ?
[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 10
Europe: 12 CCS projects
• 500 M tons Emission Allowances for new plant ==> 10 x 400 MW coal plant 2013 - 2020• 500 g CO2 /kW hr electricity emissions standard• EU Council of Ministers anti EU-A ==> may fund ?
[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 12
Capture Ready coalBuilding new coal supercritical power plant - with future ability to capture CO2, but NOT capturing now
Capture-Ready
Power plant fitted (800g),
No specified route or storage site
No date for operation
Complex detailed designs
Risk with Government (us!)
Emissions Standard
350g (170g) CO2/kwh
Ramps down
Intended future date
Simple administration
Risk with operatorRisks: Illusions of progress
Too much regulatory complexity
[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 13
Capture -ready V deployment
New coal? 32Mt capture ready
DECC competitionEU-ETS auctions
£ 3,000 M per year
From Jan 2013
Market 1Market 2
Create a second market route to fund Scottish (UK) CCS projects by EU-ETS
Unclear deployment After 2020
Clear CCS mandate ==>Deployment
[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 15
North Sea transport and store
Karsto
Mongstad
ROTTERDAM
Longannet
Kingsnorth
2014
2012
Hunterston
2014
2016 ?
2015
50% of EU CO2 export via Rotterdam ?
Largest storage is in Norwegian and Scottish
offshore
How to get a transport network to come north?
2020 ?
[email protected] Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008 16
Scotland: To Do
• Action on Capture Ready or Emission Standard
• Positioning on EU pipeline network
• Create CCS capacity, and fund storage research
• Enabling CCS in Scotland > UK
Money : EU-ETS, Auction, ROC, Price
• CCS: Largest single CO2 reduction Over-promised and under-delivered
