Shanghai Tower

SHANGHAI TOWERThe Vertical CityApoorva Mudgal 11110013Ujjwal Vasisht 11110057Project FactsSite

Location : Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone, Pudong district, Shanghai, China

Area : 30,370 sq. mts.Tower

Height : 632 metersStories : 121 occupied floorsArea : 380,000 sq. mts. above grade141,000 sq. mts. below gradeProgram : Office, luxury hotel,entertainment, retail, cultural venues

Project FactsPodium

Height : 36.9 metersStories : 5 stories above gradeArea : 46,000 sq. mts.Program : Luxury retail, bank, restaurant, conference, meeting, banquet functions. Below grade levels will be house retail, 1800 parking spaces, service and MEP functions.

Team InformationOwner, Developer, ContractorShanghai Tower Construction & Development Co., Ltd.Design ArchitectGenslerLocal Design InstituteArchitectural Design & Research Institute of Tongji University Structural EngineerThornton TomasettiMEP EngineerCosentini AssociatesLandscape ArchitectSWA

Architectural Design

Shaped to reduce wind loads

Genslers design team anticipated that three important design strategiesthe asymmetry of the towers form, its tapering profile, and rounded corners would allow the building to Withstand typhoon wind forcesMinimize reflection and glare

The result is a simpler and lighter structure with unprecedented transparency and a 32 percent reduction of costly materials.

Drag ReductionAfter testing more than a dozen models in a Toronto wind-tunnel lab, Gensler arrived at the most effective shape for the tower, a tapering spiral with a rotation of 120 degrees; a deep notch running its length interrupts the wind as it swirls around the building. Together, the features reduce wind loads by 24%, which meantless steeland concrete were needed to stiffen and strengthen the building itself, saving $58 million.

ZoningThe vertical city is comprised of nine vertical zones, each 12-15 stories high. Each zone is encircled by public space within a double-skin faade. Separate elevators shuttle people among zones, and below-grade parking links via walkways to the nearby super-high rise towers.

Structural DesignA fast-tracked super-high rise tower

The structure had to respond to A windy climateAn active earthquake zoneClay-based soils

The CrownThe Shanghai Towers crown will of course encourage visitors to enjoy the unparalleled views of Shanghai, but it will also direct gazes towards the inner workings of the building itself and provide glimpses ofwind turbines a rain water collection system and two types of dampening systems: aTuned Mass Damper (TMD)with Eddy current damping applied.

Rows of vertically aligned wind turbines and a spiraling parapet that is integral to a rainwater collection system.

Fastest ElevatorsThe building holds numerous world records, most notably for the fastest single-deck and double-deck elevators ever constructed.The Shanghai Tower will have several single-span elevators that travel from the ground floor to the observation decks at the top of the building. These elevators will be pressurized and will travel at 40mph, making them the fastest in the world.The Gensler team positionedlaserson adjacent buildings to triangulate the 20,327 points where exterior panels would be installed.

Laser PrecisionConstructionA fast-tracked super-high rise tower

Soil conditions in Shanghaia clay-based mixture typical of a river deltameant supporting the tower on 831 reinforced concrete bore piles sunk deep into the ground.Gigantic composite super columnsmeasuring 5 x 4 meters at the base and reinforced with steel plates that weigh 145 metric tons each, that will provide structural support for the tower. To carry the load of the transparent glass skin, Gensler designed an innovative curtain wall that is suspended from the mechanical floors above and stabilized by a system of hoop rings and struts.

Sustainable TowerCentral Strategy

A central aspect of the design is the transparent, second skin that wraps the entire building. The ventilated atriums it encloses conserve energy by modulating the temperature within the void. Location and Transportation

Ramps linking East Ying Chen Zhong Road and Lu Jia Zhui Huan Road into the lower parking levels at Basement 2, save up on a lot of transit energy.

Sustainable TowerBuilding Envelope

The buildings two curtain walls create atriums that act like an insulating blanket, reducing energy costs. Used indoor air is circulated through each atrium to temper the space, keeping the suns heat out in summer and the buildings heat during winter.

Sustainable TowerLandscaping

One-third of the site will be dedicated green space, with extensive planting to lessen the heat island effect of paved areas. Efficient irrigation systems, combined with xeriscaping, reduce overall water consumption.On each zone's main floor, between the inner core and the wraparound glass wall, are three atria, up to 60 feet wide and 14 stories tall. These 21 indoor parks, visible from outside the tower, will feature local vegetation and trees that will provide fresh air and help regulate the building's temperature.

Sustainable TowerDaylighting

Continuous glass skin admits light into the atriums, reducing the need for artificial lighting. Floor-to-ceiling glass in the office and hotel floors yields similar benefits to those spaces Sun-shading

To reduce both heating and cooling loads, both inner and outer walls will have a spectrally selective E-coating.Fritted glass on the outer wall provides additional sun-shading, aided by horizontal ledges at each floor level that will block the higher summer sun.

Sustainable TowerBuilding Controls

Intelligent building controls that lower energy costs by monitoring and adjusting systems such as heating, lighting, cooling, ventilation, and self-generated power. Wind Turbines

270 wind turbines at the top of the building will power the exterior lighting for the building and park areas. The turbines will produce an estimated 54,000 kWh/year in renewable energy.

Sustainable TowerRegional Materials

The team seeks out building materials which are harvested and manufactured within an 800km radius of the site. Cogeneration system

The 2,200kW natural gas-fired cogeneration system provides electricity and heat energy to the low zone areas. In addition to providing site-generated power, the system produces 640 tons of refrigeration during the cooling season and heat during the winter months.Shanghai Towers sustainable strategies will reduce the buildings carbon footprint by :34,000metric tons per year

Shanghai Tower is targeted to reduce water consumption by:40%

Shanghai Tower is targeted to reduce energy usage by:21%

Shanghai tower : A High Tech building?Structural expressionismFunctionalityDynamismCelebration of the processTransparency, Layering and MovementBright flat coloringModular buildClip-on constructionScientific estimation

Add-on : Sustainability

Throughout construction, Winey would periodically ask, "How are we going to build this?" He wasn't being rhetorical. Because of the tower's twisting design, builders had to identify where each panel in the outer glass wall would go before it could be fabricated, and traditional measuring techniques couldn't achieve the necessary precision. "There wasn't a day that didn't go by that I didn't learn something," Winey says.