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Women's Forum (Sierra Leone) March in Freetown on InternationalWomen's Day. Learn more about WFSL below.

Sexual Violence as International CrimeHighlights of Local Efforts, Summer 2011

A newsletter presented by the Center on Law and Globalization;a program of the University of Illinois College of Law and the American Bar Foundation

At The Second Hague Colloquium on Systematic Sexual Violenceand Victims' Rights, our 200 participants discussed a need for waysin which individuals from various professions and locations couldconnect and work together to raise public awareness, advance thecourts, empower victims, repair communities, intimidateperpetrators and, ultimately, prevent atrocities.

The Center on Law and Globalization aims to foster these types ofinterdisciplinary partnerships and stimulate exchanges on howglobal issues are addressed. A single approach cannot remedy theissue of systematic sexual violence and the Center believes thatwhen rigorous independent research is applied with diplomacy,policy, activism and law, we can establish reliable tools and policiesto combat these tragedies.

We hope that our newsletter, along with our LinkedIn Group andTwitter feed, will provide ways for our readers to network with andlearn from each other. This Summer Issue is intended to buildbridges between individuals and organizations working at the most

local level and our global community. Here you will find the profilesof five leaders and champions whom are dedicated to furtheringgender equality and combating sexual violence within areas ofpresent or past conflict.

- Allison LynchCenter on Law and GlobalizationDevelopment and Communications Associate

Justine Masika BihambaWomen Synergy for Sexual Violence Victims

The Center on Law and

Globalization would like tothank Isabelle Liger,

Administrative Honor Fellow,Office of Graduate and

International Legal Studies atthe University of IllinoisCollege of Law, for her

contributions as Guest Editorof this Issue.

If you would like to contributeideas, write or act as an

editor in future issues pleasecontact alynch@abfn.org.

________________________

Profiles in this Issue:

Justine Masika Bihamba

Vesna Nikolic Ristanovic

Rosaline Mcarthy

Hala Alkarib

Renifa Madenga

_______________________

CLG Sexual ViolenceProgram

American Bar FoundationUniversity of Illinois College

of Law

Rape & Genocide Smart

Library_____________________

"Sexual violence againstwomen has become part

of war. It has become oneof war's most terrible

weapons. We witnessed itin Rwanda during the

genocide in 1994 and wesuffer from it in East

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Name: Justine Masika BihambaRegion: Goma, Democratic Republic of CongoCurrent Position: Coordinator and Co-Founder, Women Synergyfor Sexual Violence Victims (Synergy des Femmes pour lesVictimes des violences Sexuelles)Biography: Justine Masika Bihamba is from Goma, in the EastDRC, and is one of the founders of a local platform for the defenseof human rights, dealing especially with female victims of rape. In2008, she won the Tulip Prize for human rights advocacy, awardedby the government of The Netherlands to human rights activists

around the world. Recently, she was nominated by Women Deliveras one of the hundred most inspiring people who have deliveredand advocated for the rights of girls and women.Work in the Field: Justine won the Pax Christi Italy Prize in 2009for the work her organization, Women Synergy for Sexual ViolenceVictims, has done to provide thousands of raped women withmedical and psychological care, socio-economical reinsertion andlegal aid. The organization also raises public awareness to avoidraped women from being rejected by their family and community.Additionally, it gathers all the elements necessary for theprosecution of perpetrators by national or international courts.

To see Justine Masika Bihamba's full profile see "Local Efforts " onthe CLG Website

Democratic Republic ofCongo wars, despite all

our warnings."

- Justine Masika Bihamba

_____________________

Without the recognition ofthe rights of women andtheir contributions, the

countries of the Horn standno chance of development

as they will remain swingingat the edge of stability,

unable to reach it."

- Hala Alkarib_______________________

The issue of sexual andgender-based violence inSierra Leone predated the

war and assumed alarming

proportions during the war.Even after the war, we stillhave the challenge of high

incidence of sexual andgender based crimes.

According to the report ofthe Truth and

Reconciliation Commission,these heinous crimes

against women during thewar were attributed todiscrimination against

women.

- Rosaline Mcarthy

Vesna Nikolic RistanovicVictimology Society of Serbia

Name: Vesna Nikolic RistanovicRegion: SerbiaCurrent Position: Founder and Director, Victimology Society of SerbiaWebsite: http://www.vds.org.rs/indexe.html

Biography: Vesna Nikolic Ristanovic graduated from the School of Law in Belgrade in 1978. Shealso received a Masters Degree with her thesis "The Impact of Victim to the Phenomenon of Crime"(published in 1984) and completed her Doctoral Thesis, "Women as Victims of Crimes" (published in1989) from the School of Law in Belgrade. Since 2004, she has been a professor of Criminology,Juvenile Delinquency, Victimology and Child Abuse at Belgrade University, Faculty for SpecialEducation and Rehabilitation/Department for Prevention and Treatment of Social Disorders. She isthe Founder of the Victimology Society of Serbia, was its President between 1997 and 2006, and

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has been its Director since 2006.

Work in the Field: The Victimology Society of Serbia (VDS) is a not-for-profit and non-governmental organization established in 1997 in Belgrade. Its mission is to unite academics andprofessionals who are interested in the development of victimology and protection of victims ofcrime, human rights violations and war regardless of their gender, religion, ethnicity and otherfeatures. The Victimology Society's work is organized around three main groups of activities: VDSinfo and support to victims, VDS research and education and VDS truth and reconciliation program.

To see Vesna Nikolic Ristanovic's full profile see "Local Efforts" on the CLG Website

Rosaline McarthyWomen's Forum (Sierra Leone)

Name: Rosaline McarthyRegion: Sierra LeoneCurrent Position: National Chairperson of the Women's Forum (Sierra Leone)Additional: Principal Lecturer in Education at Freetown Teachers CollegeBiography: Rosaline Mcarthy is an educationist by profession and a gender activist. She is aPrincipal Lecturer in Education at Freetown Teachers College, Kossoh Town, Sierra Leone, theNational Chairperson of the Women's Forum (Sierra Leone) and a founding member of the ManoRiver Women's Peace Network. Rosaline holds a Masters Degree in Education from Fourah Bay

College, University of Sierra Leone. In addition to the research she has conducted on human rightsin conflict situations, Rosaline is very active in the women's movement in Sierra Leone focusing onvictims of sexual violence during the war and other vulnerable groups.

Work in the Field: The Women's Forum (Sierra Leone) was foundedin 1994 in response to the need for a channel through whichwomen's organizations could share information, advocate forinfluencing government policy and mobilize to take collective actionon issues pertaining to their welfare and status. With a membership ofover three hundred organizations countrywide, WFSL has beenengaged in activities geared towards training, research, advocacy,sensitization and awareness raising on a number of issues includinglegal reform, equal representation of women in decision-makingpositions and sexual and gender-based violence. In terms of sexualand gender-based violence, WFSL receives reports from victims andrefers these cases to the Family Support Unit of the Sierra LeonePolice, which was created to combat the high incidence of sexualviolence after the war.

To see Rosaline's full profile see "Local Efforts" on the CLG Website

Hala AlkaribStrategic Initiative for Women in the Horn of Africa (SIHA)

Name: Hala AlkaribRegion: Horn of AfricaCurrent Position: Regional Director, Strategic Initiative for Women in the Horn of Africa (SIHA)Website:www.sihanet.org

Biography: Hala Alkarib has worked for a number of years as gender specialist and communityworker for international organizations, foreign aid departments and local civil society groups inSudan and the Horn of Africa sub-region as well as a refugee counselor in Canada. She has beenpart of various national and regional research teams on women, refugees and displaced rights inthe Horn of Africa. Currently, she is the Regional Director of Strategic Initiative for Women in theHorn of Africa (SIHA).

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Work in the Field: SIHA began in 1994 when agroup of women activists from the Horn of Africarecognized the need for an indigenous regionalcoalition of civil society groups that could worktogether learning from one another andcampaigning for the rights of women and girls.SIHA's vision is that all women and girls in theHorn of Africa must have the right to live in apeaceful and just environment and to exercisetheir rights as human beings. One of theorganization's core principles is to promote the

acceptance of women as equal citizens and torecognize their contributions to society.

To see Hala Alkarib's full profile see "LocalEfforts" on the CLG Website

Renifa MadengaOffice of the Prosecutor- UN International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)

Name: Renifa MadengaRegion: Sub-Saharan AfricaCurrent Position: Appeals Counsel in the Office of the Prosecutor- United Nations InternationalCriminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)Education:PhD candidate at the Southern and Eastern African Regional Centre for Women's Law(SEARWL)Biography: Renifa Madenga has over twenty years experience in the field of human rights relatedto gender, juvenile justice, transitional justice and criminal litigation at both national and internationallevel. Renifa is a PhD candidate at the Southern and Eastern African Regional Centre for Women'sLaw (SEARWL) and a member of the Zimbabwean Women Lawyers' Association and theZimbabwean Coalition Group. She has been working at the ICTR since 2001, currently serving asan Appeals Counsel in the Office of the Prosecutor and is a member of the OTP/ICTR SexualViolence Committee. During her time with ICTR she has prosecuted perpetrators of genocide,crimes against humanity and war crimes and interacted with rape victims before, during and after

trials. Prior to her ICTR appointment, Renifa served as the Executive Director of Musasa Project, anNGO focusing on Gender Violence in Zimbabwe. She also worked under the Ministry of Justice asa magistrate serving on the Regional Bench presiding over Victim Friendly Courts established todeal with rape and sexual violence relating to vulnerable persons.

Work in the Field: Renifa's area of interest is action orientated research. Her current research,Using Women's Voices/Experiences To Interrogate The Efficacy Of The International CriminalJustice System (ICJS) On Rape: The Case Of Rwanda 1994 Genocide (with the Southern andEastern African Regional Centre for Women's Law: Africa), explores the lived reality and experienceof rape survivors of the 1994 Rwandan genocide. This study is sited in the web of fears, needs,relationships and anxieties that affect survivors of rape committed during the Rwandan genocideand their interactions with the international criminal justice system at the ICTR.

The Eastern African Regional Centre for Women's Law (SEARWL) has successfully taught onresearching, reforming and implementing human rights legal reforms as they affect women and girls.It undertakes a holistic approach to problems encountered by women in the region and continent ofAfrica and its research findings have a far reaching impact on legal reforms in respective countries.To see Renifa Madenga's full profile see "Local Efforts" on the CLG Website

the global sexual violence network:

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